DAS 12102/12203

Chapter 1 - Mole and Atomic Concept

1-15

TUTORIAL QUESTIONS 1. Classify each of the following as an element, a compound, a homogeneous mixture or a heterogeneous mixture: (a) seawater (b) helium gas, (c) sodium chloride, (d) a bottle of soft drinks, (e) milk-shake, (f) air in a bottle and (g) concrete. 2. Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each of the following 199 200 species (a) 17 8 O (b) 80 Hg and (c) 80 Hg 3. Write the appropriate symbol for each of the following compounds: (a) Z = 74, A = 186 (b) Z = 80, A = 201 4. Give the number of protons and electrons for each of the following ions: K+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Br-, Mn2+, and Cu2+ 5. What are the empirical formulas of the following compounds? (a) Al2Br6 (b) Na2S2O4 (c) N2O3 (d) K2Cr2O7 6. How many moles of cobalt (Co) atoms are there in 6.00 X 109 (6 billion) of Co atoms? 7. How many grams of gold (Au) are there in 15.3 moles of Au? 8. How many atoms are present in 3.14 grams of copper (Cu)? 9. Which of the following has a greater mass: 2 atoms of lead or 5.1 X 10-23 moles of helium? 10. Calculate the molar mass of the following substance (a) Li2CO3 (b) CS2 (c) CHCl3 (d) C6H8O6 (e) KNO3 and (f) Mg3N2 11. How many molecules of ethane (C2H6) are present in 0.334g of C2H6 ? 12. Urea [(NH2)2CO] is used for the production of fertilizer and many other products. Calculate the number of N, C, O and H atoms in 1.68 X 104 g of urea. 13. Peroxyacylnitrate (PAN) is one of the components of smog. It is a compound of C, H, N and O. Determine the percent composition of oxygen and the empirical formula from the following percent composition by mass: 19.8% C, 2.50% H, and 11.6% N. What is the molecular formula given that its molar mass is approximately 120g. 14. Tin (II) fluoride (SnF2) is often added to toothpaste as an ingredient to prevent tooth decay. What is the mass of F in grams in 24.6 g of the compound?

DAS 12102/12203

Chapter 1 - Mole and Atomic Concept

15. What are the empirical formulas of the compounds with the following compositions? (a) 40.1% of C, 6.6% of H and 53.3% of O. (b) 18.4% C, 21.5% N and 60.1% K. 16. Balance up the following equations (a) N2O5 (b) KNO3 (c) NH4NO3 (d) NH4NO2 (e) NaHCO3 (f) P4O10 + H2O (g) HCl + CaCO3 (h) Al + H2SO4 N2O4 + O2 KNO2 + O2 N2O + H2O N 2 + H 2O Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 H3PO4 CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 Al2(SO4)3 + H2

17. Silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) can be prepared by heating Si in chlorine gas Si(s) + 2Cl2 (g) SiCl4(l)

In one reaction, 0.507 mole of SiCl4 is produced. How many moles of molecular chlorine were used in the reaction? 18. Fermentation is a complex chemical process of wine making in which glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Starting with 500.4 g of glucose, what is the maximum amount of ethanol in grams and liters that can be obtained by this process? (Density of ethanol = 0.789g/ml) 19. How many grams of KOH are present in 35.0 mL of 5.50 M solution? 20. Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions. (a) 6.57 g of methanol (CH3OH) in 1.50 X 102 mL solution, (b) 10.4 g of calcium chloride (CaCl2) in 2.20 X 102 mL solution, and (c) 7.82 g of naphthalene (C10H8) in 85.2 mL of benzene solution. 21. Water is added to 25.0 mL of 0.866 M KNO3 solution until the volume of the solution is exactly 500 mL. What is the concentration of the final solution? 22. You have 505 mL of 0.125 M HCl solution and you want to dilute it exactly to 0.100 M. How much water should you add?
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DAS 12102/12203

Chapter 1 - Mole and Atomic Concept

23. Calculate the concentration (in molarity) of NaOH solution if 25.0 mL of the solution is needed to neutralize 17.4 mL of 0.312 M HCl solution. 24. What volume of 0.5 M HCl solution is needed to neutralize each of the following; (a) 10 mL of 0.300 M NaOH solution, (b) 10 mL of 0.200 M Ba(OH)2 solution. 25. The SO2 present in air is mainly responsible for the acid rain phenomenon. Its concentration can be determined by titrating against a standard permanganate solution as follows: 5SO2 + 2MnO4- + 2H2O 5SO42- +2Mn2+ + 4H+

Calculate the number of grams of SO2 in a sample of air, if 7.37 mL of 0.00800 M KMnO4 solution is required for the titration. 26. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution can be conveniently determined by titration against a standardized potassium permanganate solution in acidic medium according to the following equation; 2MnO4- + 5H2O2 + 6H+ 5O2 + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O

If 36.44 mL of 0.01652 M KMnO4 solution is required to oxidize 25 mL of H2O2 solution, calculate the molarity of H2O2 solution.

1.

DAS 12102/12203

Chapter 1 - Mole and Atomic Concept

Table 1.1: Mass of Atoms

Element
Actinium Aluminum Americium Antimony Argon Arsenic Astatine Barium Berkelium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Californium Carbon Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Curium Dysprosium Einsteinium Erbium Europium Fermium Fluorine Francium Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Helium Holmium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Krypton Lanthanum Lawrencium Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mendelevium

Symbol
Ac Al Am Sb Ar As At Ba Bk Be Bi B Br Cd Ca Cf C Ce Cs Cl Cr Co Cu Cm Dy Es Er Eu Fm F Fr Gd Ga Ge Au Hf He Ho H In I Ir Fe Kr La Lr Pb Li Lu Mg Mn Md

Atomic number (Z)

89 13 95 51 18 33 85 56 97 4 83 5 35 48 20 98 6 58 55 17 24 27 29 96 66 99 68 63 100 9 87 64 31 32 79 72 2 67 1 49 53 77 26 36 57 103 82 3 71 12 25 101

Atomic mass ( A)
227.0278 26.98154 (243) 121.75 39.948 74.9216 (210) 137.33 (247) 9.01218 208.9804 10.81 79.904 112.41 40.08 (251) 12.011 140.12 132.9054 35.453 51.996 58.9332 63.546 (247) 162.50 (254) 167.26 151.96 (257) 18.998403 (223) 157.25 69.72 72.59 196.9665 178.49 4.00260 164.9304 1.0079 114.82 126.9045 192.22 55.847 83.80 138.9055 (260) 207.2 6.941 174.97 24.305 54.9380 (258)

Element
Mercury Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Neptunium Nickel Niobium Nitrogen Nobelium Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Plutonium Polonium Potassium Praseodymium Promethium Protactinium Radium Radon Rhenium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur Tantalum Technetium Tellurium Terbium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Vanadium Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium

Symbol
Hg Mo Nd Ne Np Ni Nb N No Os O Pd P Pt Pu Po K Pr Pm Pa Ra Rn Re Rh Rb Ru Sm Sc Se Si Ag Na Sr S Ta Tc Te Tb Tl Th Tm Sn Ti W U V Xe Yb Y Zn Zr

Atomic number (Z)

80 42 60 10 93 28 41 7 102 76 8 46 15 78 94 84 19 59 61 91 88 86 75 45 37 44 62 21 34 14 47 11 38 16 73 43 52 65 81 90 69 50 22 74 92 23 54 70 39 30 40

Atomic mass ( A)
200.59 95.94 144.24 20.179 237.0482 58.70 92.9064 14.0067 (259) 190.2 15.9994 106.4 30.97376 195.09 (244) (209) 39.0983 140.9077 (145) 231.0359 226.0254 (222) 186.207 102.9055 85.4678 101.07 150.4 44.9559 78.96 28.0855 107.868 22.98977 87.62 32.06 180.9479 (97) 127.60 158.9254 204.37 232.0381 168.9342 118.69 47.90 183.85 238.029 50.9414 131.30 173.04 88.9059 65.38 91.22