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AP Chemistry: Electrochemistry Multiple Choice

14. Questions 14-17 The spontaneous reaction that occurs hen the cell in the picture operates is as !ollo s: "A#$ $ C%&s' " A#&s' $ C%"$ &A' (olta#e increases. &)' (olta#e %ecreases *ut remains > +ero. &C' (olta#e *ecomes +ero an% remains at +ero. &,' No chan#e in -olta#e occurs. &E' ,irection o! -olta#e chan#e cannot *e pre%icte% ithout a%%itional in!ormation. Which of the above occurs for each of the following circumstances? 14. A ./-milliliter sample o! a "-molar C%&N01'" solution is a%%e% to the le!t *ea2er. 1.. The sil-er electro%e is ma%e lar#er. 13. The salt *ri%#e is replace% *y a platinum ire. 17. Current is allo e% to !lo !or . minutes. "4. Cu&s' $ " A#$ Cu"$ $ " A#&s' 5! the e6uili*rium constant !or the reaction a*o-e is 1.7 7 1/1.8 hich o! the !ollo in# correctly %escri*es the stan%ar% -olta#e8 E98 an% the stan%ar% !ree ener#y chan#e8 :;98 !or this reaction< &A' E9 is positi-e an% :;9 is ne#ati-e. &)' E9 is ne#ati-e an% :;9 is positi-e. &C' E9 an% :;9 are *oth positi-e. &E' E9 an% :;9 are *oth +ero 43. 5! /./3/ !ara%ays are passe% throu#h an electrolytic cell containin# a solution o! 5n1$ ions8 the ma7imum num*er o! moles o! 5n that coul% *e %eposite% at the catho%e is= &A' /./1/ mole &)' /./"/ mole &C' /./1/ mole &,' /./3/ mole &E' /.1> mole &,' E9 an% :;9 are *oth ne#ati-e.

7.. 5! a copper sample containin# some +inc impurity is to *e puri!ie% *y electrolysis8 the ano%e an% the catho%e must *e hich o! the !ollo in#< &A' &)' &C' &,' &E' Anode Pure copper Pure +inc Pure copper 5mpure copper sample 5mpure copper sample Cathode Pure +inc Pure copper 5mpure copper sample Pure copper Pure +inc

?e"$ $ "e@ ?e&s' Ni"$ $ "e@ Ni&s'

E9 A @ /.44 -olt E9 A @ /."1 -olt

3/. The stan%ar% re%uction potentials !or t o hal! reactions are #i-en a*o-e. The Nernst e6uation !or a #al-anic cell at ".9 C in hich ?e&s' re%uces Ni"$ is the !ollo in#: E A E9 @/./.4B" lo# C?e"$D B CNi"$D What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction below? ?e&s' $ Ni"$ ?e"$ $ Ni&s' &A' 1.4 7 1/@"1 &)' 7.3 7 1/@> &C' 1.3 7 1/$1 &,' 1.1 7 1/$7 &E' .." 7 1/$""

13. En&s' $ Cu"$ En"$ $ Cu&s' An electrolytic cell *ase% on the reaction represente% a*o-e as constructe% !rom +inc an% copper hal!-cells. The o*ser-e% -olta#e as !oun% to *e 1.// -olt instea% o! the stan%ar% cell potential8 E98 o! 1.1/ -olts. Fhich o! the !ollo in# coul% correctly account !or this o*ser-ation< &A' The copper electro%e as lar#er than the +inc electro%e. &)' The En"$ electrolyte as En&N01'"8 hile the Cu"$ electrolyte as CuG04. &C' The En"$ solution as more concentrate% than the Cu"$ solution. &,' The solutions in the hal!-cells ha% %i!!erent -olumes. &E' The salt *ri%#e containe% HCl as the electrolyte. 31. Fhich o! the !ollo in# e7pressions is correct !or the ma7imum mass o! copper8 in #rams8 that cou1% *e plate% out *y electroly+in# a6ueous CuCl" !or 13 hours at a constant current o! 1./ amperes< &1 !ara%ay A 438.// coulom*s' &A' C&13'&183//'&1./'&31...'&"'D B &438.//' &)' C&13'&183//'&1./'&31...'D B C&438.//'&"'D &C' C&13'&183//'&1./'&31...'D B &438.//' &,' C&13'&3/'&1./'&438.//'&"'D B &31...' &E' C&13'&3/'&1./'&438.//'D B C&31...'&"'D 7.. A %irect-current po er supply o! lo -olta#e &less than 1/ -olts' has lost the mar2in#s that in%icate hich output terminal is positi-e an% hich is ne#ati-e. A chemist su##ests that the po er supply terminals *e connecte% to a pair o! platinum electro%es that %ip into /.1-molar H5 solution. Fhich o! the !ollo in# correctly i%enti!ies the polarities o! the po er supply terminals< &A' A #as ill *e e-ol-e% only at the positi-e electro%e. &)' A #as ill *e e-ol-e% only at the ne#ati-e electro%e. &C' A *ro n color ill appear in the solution near the ne#ati-e electro%e. &,' A metal ill *e %eposite% on the positi-e electro%e. &E' None o! the metho%s a*o-e ill i%enti!y the polarities o! the po er supply terminals. Questions 14-1. re!er to an electrolytic cell that in-ol-es the !ollo in# hal!-reaction:

Al?31@ $ 1 e@ Al $ 3?@ 14. Fhich o! the !ollo in# occurs in the reaction< &A' Al? 31@ is re%uce% at the catho%e. &)' Al is o7i%i+e% at the ano%e. &C' Aluminum is con-erte% !rom the @1 o7i%ation state to the / o7i%ation state. &,' ?@ acts as a re%ucin# a#ent. &E' ?@ is re%uce% at the catho%e. 1.. As stea%y current o! 1/ amperes in passe% thou#h an aluminum-pro%uction cell !or 1. minutes. Fhich o! the !ollo in# is the correct e7pression !or calculatin# the num*er o! #rams o! aluminum pro%uce%< &1 !ara%ay A 438.// coulom*s'

M&s' $ 1 A#$&a6' 1 A#&s' $ M1$&a6' A#$&a6' $ e@ A#&s'

E A $".43 ( E A $/.>/ ( M1$&a6'

.7. Accor%in# to the in!ormation a*o-e8 hat is the stan%ar% re%uction potential !or the hal!-reaction $ 1 e@ M&s'< &A' @1.33 ( "/. &)' @/./3 ( &C' /./3 ( &,' 1.33 ( &E' 1."3 (

.....M#&s' $ .....N01@ &a6' $.....I$&a6' ......M#"$&a6' $ ....NI4$&a6' $ ....I"0&l'

Fhen the s2eleton e6uation a*o-e is *alance% an% all coe!!icients re%uce% to their lo est hole-num*er terms8 hat is the coe!!icient !or I$ < &A' 4 &)' 3 &C' > &,' 4 &E' 1/ 14. ...Cr0"@ $ ...0I@ ... Cr04"@ $ ... I"0 $ ... e@ Fhen the e6uation !or the hal!-reaction a*o-e is *alance%8 hat is the ratio o! the coe!!icients 0I@ B Cr0"@ < &A' 1:1 &)' ":1 &C' 1:1 &,' 4:1 &E' .:1 31. Fhen a solution o! potassium %ichromate is a%%e% to an aci%i!ie% solution o! iron &55' sul!ate8 the pro%ucts o! the reaction are=

&A' ?eCr"07&s' an% I"0 &,' ?e1$8 Cr1$8 an% I"0

&)' ?eCr04&s' an% I"0 &E' ?e"&G04'1&s'8 Cr1$ an% I"0

&C' ?e1$8 Cr04"@8 an% I"0

3.. Fhich o! the !ollo in# species CANN0T !unction as an o7i%i+in# a#ent< &A' Cr"07"@ &)' Mn04@ &C' N01@ &,' G &E' 5@ 74. . ?e"$ $ Mn04@ $ > I$ . ?e1$ $ Mn"$ $ 4 I"0 5n a titration e7periment *ase% on the e6uation a*o-e8 "../ milliliters o! an aci%i!ie% ?e"$ solution re6uires 14./ milliliters o! stan%ar% /././-molar Mn04@ solution to reach the e6ui-alence point. The concentration o! ?e"$ in the ori#inal solution is= &A' /.//1/ M &)' /.//.3 M &C' /./"> M &,' /./4/ M &E' /.14 M

"/. 3 5@ $ " Mn04@ $ 4 I"0&l' 1 5"&s' $ " Mn0"&s' $ 0I@ Fhich o! the !ollo in# statements re#ar%in# the reaction represente% *y the e6uation a*o-e is correct< &A' 5o%i%e ion is o7i%i+e% *y hy%ro7i%e ion. &)' Mn04@ is o7i%i+e% *y io%i%e ion. &C' The o7i%ation num*er o! man#anese chan#es !rom $7 to $". &,' The o7i%ation num*er o! man#anese remains the same. &E' The o7i%ation num*er o! io%ine chan#es !rom @1 to /. "". __ Cr"07"@ $ __ e@ $ __ I$ __ Cr1$ $ __ I"0&l' Fhen the e6uation !or the hal! reaction a*o-e is *alance% ith the lo est hole-num*er coe!!icients8 the coe!!icient !or I"0 is= &A' " &)' 4 &C' 3 &,' 7 &E' 14

31. Fhen aci%i!ie% H"Cr"07 solution is a%%e% to Na"G solution8 #reen Cr1$ ions an% !ree G are !orme%. Fhen aci%i!ie% H"Cr"07 solution is a%%e% to NaCl8 no chan#e occurs. 0! the su*stances in-ol-e% in these reactions8 hich is the *est re%ucin# a#ent< &A' H"Cr"07 &)' Na"G &C' Cr1$ &,' G &E' NaCl 1>. " I"0 $ 4 Mn04@ $ 1 Cl0"@ 4 Mn0" $ 1 Cl04@ $ 4 0I@ Fhich species acts as an o7i%i+in# a#ent in the reaction represente% a*o-e< &A' I"0 &)' Cl04@ &C' Cl0"@ &,' Mn0" &E' Mn04@

"/. . . . A#$ $ . . . AsI1&#' $ . . . 0I@ . . . A#&s' $ . . . I1As01&a6' $ . . . I"0 Fhen the e6uation a*o-e is *alance% ith lo est hole-num*er coe!!icients8 the coe!!icient !or 0I@ is= &A' " &)' 4 &C' . &,' 3 &E' 7

"4. Fhen an a6ueous solution o! Na0I is a%%e% to an a6ueous solution o! potassium %ichromate8 H"Cr"07 the %ichromate ion is con-erte% to= &A' Cr04"@ &)' Cr0" &C' Cr1$ &,' Cr"01&s' &E' Cr&0I'1&s'

71 ... ?e&0I'" $ ... 0" $ ... I"0 ... ?e&0I'1 5! 1 mole o! 0" o7i%i+es ?e&0I'" accor%in# to the reaction represente% a*o-e8 ho many moles o! ?e&0I'1 can *e !orme%< &A' " &)' 1 &C' 4 &,' . &E' 3

"/. Fhat mass o! Au is pro%uce% hen /./.// mol o! Au"G1 is re%uce% completely ith e7cess I"< &A' 4.>. # &)' 14.7 # &C' "4.. # &,' 14.4 # &E' 4>.4 #

4". . . . Ji1N&s' $ . . . I"0&l' . . . Ji$&a6' $ . . . 0I@ &a6' $ . . . NI1&#' Fhen the e6uation a*o-e is *alance% an% all coe!!icients re%uce% to lo est hole num*er terms8 the coe!!icient !or 0I@&a6' is= &A' 1 &)' " &C' 1 &,' 4 &E' 3

I"Ge(g) $ 4 0"?"(g) Ge?3(g) $ " I?(g) $ 4 0"(g) 1/. &A' &)' &C' &,' (E) Fhich o! the !ollo in# is true re#ar%in# the reaction represente% a*o-e< The o7i%ation num*er o! 0 %oes not chan#e. The o7i%ation num*er o! I chan#es !rom @1 to $1. The o7i%ation num*er o! ? chan#es !rom $1 to @1. The o7i%ation num*er o! Ge chan#es !rom @" to $3. It is a disproportionation reaction for F.

71. 5n the electroplatin# o! nic2el8 /."// !ara%ay o! electrical char#e is passe% throu#h a solution o! NiG04. Fhat mass o! nic2el is %eposite%< &A' ".44 # &)' ..>3 # &C' 11.7 # &,' .>.7 # &E' "44 #

14. 5n hich o! the !ollo in# species %oes sul!ur ha-e the same o7i%ation num*er as it %oes in I"G04< &A' I"G01 &)' G"01"@ &C' G"@ &,' G> &E' G0"Cl"