FILTER DESIGN

Design a 25kV single-phase single-tuned harmonic filter with the following requirement: (a) 2 MVAr capacitive compensation at 50Hz (b) Tuned at 240 Hz (c) Maximum system overvoltage = 25%. The available capacitor bank data (individual): 22.8F, 6.6kV Solution At 50 Hz At 240 Hz XL + XC = -kV2/MVAr = -312.5 n=240/50=4.8 nXL + XC/n =0 XL = XC/n2 = 0.0434 XC
XC = 326.7 CT = 9.74F XL = 14.18 L = 45.13mH

Refined tuning XC =

1 = 279 11.4

XL= 0.0434 XC =12.12 i.e. L=38.6 mH

(1) (2)

p 1 2 3 4 s 5 5 6 6 9.12 11.4 15.2 Total C (F) 4.56 XC -698 -349 -279 -209 XL 30.3 15.15 12.12 9.09 XC+XL -668 -334 -267 -200 MVAr 0.94 1.87 2.34 3.12 Table: Resulting MVAr (at 50Hz) for different cap combination Hence, the final MVAr compensation is greater than 2.
25kV

(1)&(2)

However, the above design does not consider capacitor restriction. Max voltage Vm = 125% of 25kV = 31.25kV Designed filter configuration

1 C Let p = parallel, s = series, and first suppose XL unchanged.

x of individual cap = Voltage across each cap = Vm If p=1, s>4.84 s=5 p=2, s>4.94 s=5 p=3, s>5.04 s=6 p=4, s>5.14 s=6

x/p < 6.6 x s + XL p

s >

31.25 + XLCp 6.6

38.6mH

Tutorial 1. In the filter design, the number of capacitor in series s and with p parallel is given by s > Vm/Vc + XLCp. What is physical meaning of the extra term XLCp ? Then, why is that s cannot be simply determined by s > Vm/Vc? 2. Design a 25kV single-phase single-tuned harmonic filter tuned at 125Hz such that the capacitive compensation should not be less than 1.5MVAr. The available capacitors is 22.8F/5.6kV and the system maximum over-voltage is 30%. (p=2, s=7, C=6.514F, L=249mH, MVAr=1.523) 3. If the same capacitor bank in Q2 is required for a filter tuned at 240Hz, providing at least 2.4 MVAr compensation, what is the filter design? (p=4, s=7, C=13.029F, L=33.75mH, MVAr=2.674)

For p=1, s=5, total C = 22.8

1 = 4.56F 5 2 For p=2, s=5 total C = 22.8 = 9.12F 5 3 For p=3, s=6 total C = 22.8 = 11.4F 6

Since 11.4F > CT=9.74F, p=3 and s=6 is selected.