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GVHD: H c Tm Linh

NHM 5 Dng nh Tun Nguyn Tm Tun Hong Minh M Nguyn Hong Nht

NI DUNG CHNH

I. H thng thng tin s.

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II. iu ch. III. Cc k thut iu ch s.

I. H THNG THNG TIN S

1. nh ngha : h thng thng tin s l tp hp cc thit b bao gm (phnText cng, phn mm), mi trng truyn dng truyn tin t ni ny i ni khc bng tn hiu s. 2. S tng qut:

I. H THNG THNG TIN S

3. Chc nng cc khi: - Ngun tin : c th l ngun bt k : voice, video, telex, data, image .. - To khun hay format : nh dng tn hiu thnh tn hiu s c bn (thng Text tc ln). - M ha ngun : nn thng tin nhm gim s bit nh phn yu cu truyn bn tin. - Mt m ha: M bn tin c m ha m bo tnh bo mt. - M ha knh: thm cc bit d kim tra li hoc sa li, khc phc cc tc ng xu ca knh truyn - Ghp knh: Ghp nhiu knh con ln 1 knh tng tn dng h thng ng di -> gim chi ph (bn th tng tng tivi c 20 knh m phi dng 20 dy ni vo my tnh th s thy gi tr ca n ngay). - iu ch : iu ch y l iu ch s ri ghp m bit thnh 1 symbol, ri mi symbol gn cho 1 dng sng truyn i. - Tri ph - a truy nhp : cho php nhiu ngi cng truy cp vo mng s dng dch v.

I. H THNG THNG TIN S

u im: Tng c kh nng truyn dn d liu. Tng kh nng hp, tinText cy ca h thng. D dng trong vic m ha nn d liu. Kh nng m ha knh ti thiu ha cc nh hng ca tp v nhiu. D dng cn i cng sut, thi gian v rng di thng ti u ha vic s dng ti nguyn c hn ny. D dng chun ha cc tn hiu. Nhc im: H thng thng tin s phc tp hn h thng tng t tng ng. Bao gm nhiu thnh phn hn chi ph lp t ln hn. Phc tp hn. Yu cu chnh xc cao.

NI DUNG CHNH

I. H thng thng tin s.

Text

II. iu ch. III. Cc k thut iu ch s.

II. IU CH:
iu ch tn hiu l qu trnh bin i mt hay nhiu thng s ca mt tn hiu tun hon theo s thay i Text mt tn hiu mang thng tin cn truyn i xa. Tn hiu tun hon gi l sng mang. Tn hiu mang thng tin gi l tn hiu c iu ch. u thu b gii iu ch s da vo s thay i thng s ca sng mang ti to li tn hiu mang thng tin ban u. Cc thng s ca sng mang c dng trong qu trnh iu ch c th l bin , pha, tn s. Sng mang thng l cc tn hiu cao tn c dng hnh sin: COS(t+)

II. IU CH:

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NI DUNG CHNH

I. H thng thng tin s.

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II. iu ch. III. Cc k thut iu ch s.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:

Digital Analog

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ASK

FSK

PSK

QAM

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
1. iu bin: Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK)
Dng 2 bin khc nhau ca sng mang biu din 0 v 1 Text (thng thng mt bin bng 0).

u im: Ch dng mt sng mang duy nht. Ph hp trong truyn s liu vi tc thp (khong 1200bps trn knh truyn). Nhc im: D b nh hng bi nhiu. Kh ng b. t dng trong thc t. Thng dng trong cp quang.

A cos(2f t c ) s(t ) 0

binary 1 binary 0

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
To tn hiu iu ch ASK:
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S dng b trn

S dng kha chuyn mch

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:

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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:

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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Tch sng ASK: Phng php khng kt hp: mch n gin nht bao gm mt Text Diode tch sng v b lc phng. Nhc im l kh nng phn bit tn hiu cn thu t tp m thp.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Phng php kt hp: thc hin bng cch trn tn hiu iu ch u vo vi tn hiu sng mang chun c to ra t b Text dao ng ni ly t tn hiu u vo. Phng php ny tuy phc tp nhng c th khi phc tn hiu chnh xc hn khi c tp m xen vo.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
*** iu bin M-mc: iu ch ASK nhiu mc l s m rng t iu ch ASK nh phn vi s trng thi l M (M>2). Text S iu ch v gii iu ch.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Dng sng
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
2. iu tn: Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK)
S dng hai tn s sng mang: tn s cao tng ng mc 1, tn s Text thp tng ng mc 0.
A cos(2f1t c ) binary 1 s(t ) A cos(2f 2t c ) binary 0

u im: t li hn so vi ASK. D ng b. Bn v t nh hng bi nhiu. Nhc im: hiu sut s dng bng tn nh hn so vi ASK v PSK.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
To tn hiu iu ch FSK: S dng chuyn mch. Tch sng FSK: Text * Phng php khng kt hp: Dng b lc thng di:

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Dng vng kha pha PLL
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
* Phng php kt hp:
Text

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:

Text

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
B thu
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
3. iu pha: Phase-Shift Keying (PSK)
S dng mt tn s sng mang v thay i pha ca sng mang ny Text
A cos(2f ct ) binary1 s(t ) binary 0 A cos(2f ct )

u im: Cng sut pht yu cu thp hn so vi Ask v PSK vi cng mt xc sut li. t b nh hng ca nhiu. Nu khng kt hp vi FSK th khng b gii hn rng bng (ging vi ASK). Cng iu ch nhiu mc th d liu chuyn ti cng c nhiu hn, ngha l tc truyn tng ln (tuy nhin, s mc vn b gii hn).

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Nhc im: Thit b thu phi khi phc sng mang, phi tch sng kt hp ---> phc tp hn, kh thc hin hn. To tn hiu iu ch PSK:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Tch tn hiu PSK:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Mch khi phc sng mang: mch vng Custas: thc cht l hai mch vng kha pha cng lm vic song song, mt VCO chung a cc tn hiu vung gc cho miText mch vng.

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Dng sng

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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
*** iu pha M-mc: MPSK l trng hp m rng ca
PSK 2 mc, tng s trng thi ca pha t 2 ln 4, 8, 16,, 2i Text mc. Gin chm sao:

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:

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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
4. iu bin cu phng QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation):
Dng iu ch ny c th coi nh l s kt hp ca ASK v PSK tc l tn hiu c phn nh mc theo c bin v pha, ngi ta coi bin v pha nh 2 trc ca mt h ta v ngi ta gi l "chm sao tn hiu". Si(t) = AiCos(2ft+ i) i=1, 2,M. Trong Ai l bin v l pha i l pha ca tn hiu th i trong tp tn hiu M mc. ASK hay PSK c th biu din nhiu mc ch khng phi ch 0 vi 1 v ta c cc loi gi l 16-QAM (4*4), 64-QAM ... gi chung li l mQAM.
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Dng chm sao M-QAM
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
Mt s dng chm sao ca 16-QAM:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
B iu ch : B iu ch QAM hu nh ging vi b iu ch MPSK do c hai u l cc trnh t iu ch trc giao. Chng ta Text c th vit tn hiu QAM nh sau: Trong

B iu ch

III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
B gii iu ch:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
5. iu pha cu phng QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying):
iu pha QPSK c th xem l 4PSK vi bin sng mang l A hoc xp chng 2 tn hiu ASK vi bin l +-A . S chm sao:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
S b pht:
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III.CC K THUT IU CH S:
S b thu:
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