inbm°fpsS Izp¿BÎw

PamAØv hmZhpw
^Zvfp lIzv Dacn

ioCuks¯ Alvepkp¶bpsS ]¬VnX·mscÃmw hnaÀin¡mdp−v. B hnaÀi\w

Bib]cambm ioCu ]¬VnXsc hmgv¯pIbpw AhêsS IrXnIÄ¡v {]Nmcw
\ÂæIbpw sN¿p¶hcnteçw AXv sNs¶¯pw. kzm`mhnIab Hc\nhmcyXbmbn
am{Xta Cu hnaÀi\s¯ ImWmhq. PamAs¯ Ckveman inbm¡fn bYmÀY
CkvemanI hn¹hw Is−¯nbXnsâ t]cn apPmlnZpIÄ Ahsc hnaÀin¨phêì.
CXns\ Hê i{XpX XoÀ¡embn ImWmsX {]iv\w a\ÊnemçIbmWv AhÀ th−Xv.
C´ybnse Hê ioCu apPvXlnZv PamA¯p Øm]Ië \ÂInb AwKoImcw
a\Ênem¡m³ Xmsg ]dbp¶ D²cWn klmbIamhpw.

‘Alvepkp¶bpsS ]¬VnX·mêsS Iq«¯n P\m_v A_p AAvem auZqZn

kmln_n\v Hê {]tXyI Øm\ap−v. Alvepss_¯v, apXvA hnhmlw AëhZ\obw
XpS§nb hnjb§fn henb hnime a\kvIXtbmsS ioCu Nn´mKXnIfpsS
kXykÔXsb At±lw AwKoIcn¨n«p−v.’ (apXvA HuÀ Ckvemw. t]. 365 apPvXlnZv
XIzn¿p¶Jvhn)

1975 amÀ¨v 25 \v ]pd¯nd§nb ‘\hmsb hJvXv’ (dmhÂ]n−n) F¶ Zn\]{X¯nÂ

PamAs¯ CkvemanbpsS Aaodmbnê¶ anbm³ Xpss^ ]dª Hê hm¡v
hmÀ¯bmbn h¶nêì. ‘BJmsb Jpssa\o Zp³bmsI apkÂamt\mw Imclvëamsl’
(_lpam\s¸« Jpssa\n temI apkvenwIÄçÅ amXrIbmWv). anbm³ Xpss^Â
Cdm³ kμÀin¨t¸mÄ ]mInØm\nse DdpZp ]{X¯n h¶ hmÀ¯bmbnêì CXv.
GXmbmepw Jpssa\nbpsS amXrI R§Ä¡v th−. AXv shÅnamSvæ¶nepw
im´]pc¯pw hmSm\]Ånbnepsams¡ \n§fpsS BfpIÄ¡v Xs¶ \ÂInbm aXn.
AhcmWtÃm \n§Ä¡v F´nëw aqfn¯ê¶Xv. C¶v thm«v inÀ¡msW¶v ]dªmÂ
AXnëw aqfn¯êw. AXpXs¶, \msf XuloZmsW¶v ]dªm AXnëw aqfn¯êw.

C§ns\ ]ckv]cw Xmtemen¨pw s]m¡n¸dªpambnêì auZqZnbpw inbm¡fpw

Ignªnê¶Xv. emtlmdn \nìw ]pd¯nd§nbnê¶ ‘Gjy’ F¶ hmcnIbn h¶
Hê auZqZn Jpssa\n aueoZv C§ns\

‘AhnsS Hê tim`. ChnsSbpw Hê tim`. ssZh\ma¯m Cdmëw ]mçw

(]mInØm³) H¶mWv. c−p Iq«êsSbpw {]IrXn H¶mWv. AhnsS Jpssa\nbmsW¦nÂ
ChnsS auZqZn. c−pt]êsSbpw hm¡v C¶se H¶mbnêì. Cìw HìXs¶’ (1979 sabv
13) C§ns\ ]ckv]c kvt\lw ]¦n«v Pohnçt¼mgmWv auZqZnbpsS acWw
kw`hnç¶Xv.

1 
inbm°fpsS Izp¿BÎw PamAØv hmZhpw       
inB¡fpsS A`n\μ\¯nìw AwKoIcW¯nëw PamAs¯ Ckveman¡mÀ Xncn¨pw
Iqdv ImWn¡WatÃm. AXnsâ `mKamWv IzpÀB\ns\çdn¨v ‘kXykÔamb Fsâ
Adnhëkcn¨v A§ns\sbmê hnizmkanÃ’ F¶v auem\m Imcç¶v ]dªXv.
AtXmsSm¸w ‘Cdm\nse ioCIÄ \nehnepÅ hnip² IzpÀBs\ Ahnizknç¶htcm
asämê IzpÀB³ AwKoIcnç¶htcm AÃ’ F¶v ({]t_m[\w: 2006 G{]n 1)
FgpXnbXpw. inbm¡fpsS {KÙ§fneqsS¯s¶ \ap¡v CXns\mê ]cnlmcw ImWm³
{ian¡mw.

IzpÀB\nsâ hnjb¯n hnIeamb ]e hnizmk§fpw inbm¡Äç−v. NneXv

AÂ]w ISp¸wIqSn Fìam{Xw. ISp¸wIqSnb hmZw D¶bn¨hÀ apfbnte ëÅm³
{ian¨n«p−v. AhÀ FgpXpì. ‘Hê Im¡sb asämê Im¡bn \nìw
Xncn¨dnbm¯Xpt]mse apl½Zv (kz) Aen (d) tbmSv kmZriyapÅ Bfmbnêì.
AÃmlp hlvbpambn Pn_vcoens\ ]dªb¨p. Pn_vcoen\v Bibçg¸w kw`hn¨v
(Aen¡v \ÂtI−Xn\v ]Icw) apl½Zv \_n¡nd¡ns¡mSp¯p’. (AÂ a\n¿Xp hÂ
AaÂ. t]: 3. C_vë aqÀ Xfm sskZn). IzpÀB\n AÃmlp ]dbp¶tXm? ‘\n\¡v
\mw IzpÀB³ AhXcn¸n¨pX¶Xv \o IjvSs¸Sm³ th−nbÃ’ (Xzml:2) IzpÀB³
AÃmlphnsâ IeamWv. AXnt\mSv Xpeyamb BêsS hmçw kwkmchpanÃ. F¶mÂ
inbm¡Ä¡v hepXv AhêsS CamapIfpsS hmçIfmWv. ‘]cnip²cmb CamapIfpsS
hmçIÄ AÃmlphnsâ hmçXs¶bmWv. AÃmlphnsâ hmçIfnÂ
sshê²y§fnÃm¯Xpt]mse AhêsS hmçIfnepw sshê²y§fp−mhpIbnÃ’
(idlp Pman D AeÂIm^n 2/272 apl½Zv kzmenlv C_vë AlvaZp amk´dm\o)
C\n \nehnepÅ IzpÀB\ns\çdn¨v inbm¡fpsS hmZsa´msW¶v t\m¡mw.
IzpÀB³ amä¯nê¯epIÄ¡v hnt[bambn«p−v. AÃmlp AhXcn¸n¨ ‘AÃmlp
Cd¡nb t]mse IzpÀB³ ]qÀ®ambpw kamlcn¡s¸«n«ps−¶v Bsc¦nepw
]dªm Ah³ s]êwëWb\mWv’
(Dkqep Im^nþapl½Zv_vë
bAvJq_p æsse\n) At±lw ho−pw ‘IzpÀB\n Xlvco^v \S¶n«p−v.
]dbpì: ‘AlvaZp_vë apl½Zv_vë A_o Cd§nb Ime¯pÅXn\v hncp²ambn
\kzvÀ ]dªp: A_p lk³ ]eXpw D−v. F¶n«t±lw Nne
F\ns¡mê apkvl^v Xì. AXnte¡v
DZmlcW§Ä ]dbp¶p. Ip³Xpw ssJd
t\m¡êXv Fìw Ft¶mSv ]dªp.
F¶m Rm\Xv XpdçIbpw D½Xn³ F¶Xv ssJd ‘AC½Xn³’
hmbnçIbpw sNbvXp. ew b æ\nà Zo\ F¶mbncp¶p. ‘hPvAÂ\m enÂ
I^dq F¶v XpS§p¶ kqd¯v
HmXnbt¸mÄ IzpssdinIfnse 70 ap¯Izo\ Cama³’ R§sf
BfpIfpsSbpw AhêsS ]nXm¡fpsSbpw ap¯IznIfpsS Camamt¡Wta F¶
t]êIfp−mbnêì.’ (t]Pv:70) C¶s¯ hN\w ‘hPvAÂ e\m an\Â ap¯Izo\
IzpÀB\n AXnà F¶Xnte¡mWv Cama³’ F¶mbncp¶phs{X!
kqN\. Aen (d) \_n (kz) bpsS
ap¯IznIfn \n¶v R§Ä¡v
hkzn¿mWv F¶ hmZw sXfnbn¡m\mWv
Cu IŧsfÃmw AhÀ ]dbp¶Xv.
CamapIsf \nivNbn¨pXtcWta F¶mWv
AXmbXv AenbpsS t]cv IzpÀB\n ]e CXnsâ AÀYw. A_q_¡dpw Dadpw
Øe§fnepw BhÀ¯n¨mhÀ¯n¨v DYvam\psam¶pw ap¯IznIfÃ
h¶nêì. AsXÃmw ]n¡me¯v F¶Xnte¡mWo hN\sa¯p¶Xv. 
FSps¯mgnhm¡n F¶mWhêsS PÂ]\w.
inbm¡fpsS ssiJ·mcn Hcmfmb
2 
inbm°fpsS Izp¿BÎw PamAØv hmZhpw       
_lvdm\n ]dbp¶Xv. Aen (d) sâ t]cv 1154 XhW IzpÀB\n h¶n«ps−¶mWv.
IzpÀB\n Iq«epw æd¡epw \S¶n«ps−¶ hnizmkw BZyambn tcJs¸Sp¯s¸«Xv
ln: 90 acn¨ kpsseap_vë ssJkp lnemenbpsS ]pkvXI¯nemWv. lÖmPv
Cbmsf sImÃm\nd§nbt¸mÄ HmSn c£s¸«v A_më_vë A_o A¿min A`bw
tXSn. kpssew acn¡m³ kab¯v Cu ]pkvXIw A_m_n\në \ÂæIbpw sNbvXp.
kpssew hnX¨ Cu hn¯v H¶v DW§n¡nSs¶¦nepw 3 mw \qäm−n Aen¿p_vë
C_vdmloap Jpan (acWw. ln: 307) ]p\ÀP·w \ÂIn ho−pw P\§Ä¡nSbnÂ
{]Ncn¸n¨p. At±lw ]dªp: ‘IzpÀB\n Xlvco^v \S¶n«p−v. Cd§nb
Ime¯pÅXn\v hnê²ambn ]eXpw D−v. F¶n«t±lw Nne DZmlcW§Ä ]dbpì.
æ³Xpw ssJd D½Xn³ F¶Xv ssJd ‘AC½Xn³’ F¶mbnêì. ‘hPvAÂ\m enÂ
ap¯Izo\ Cama³’ R§sf ap¯IznIfpsS Camamt¡Wta F¶ hN\w ‘hPvAÂ
e\m an\ ap¯Izo\ Cama³’ F¶mbnêìhs{X! ap¯IznIfn \n¶v R§Ä¡v
CamapIsf \nivNbn¨pXtcWta F¶mWv CXnsâ AÀYw. A_q_¡dpw Dadpw
DYvamësamìw ap¯IznIfà F¶Xnte¡mWo hN\sa¯p¶Xv. C§ns\ ]eXpap−v.
DZmlcW¯n\v NneXv kqNn¸n¨pshìam{Xw.

]n¶oSv JpanbpsS hnZymÀYnbmb apl½Zv_vë bAvJq_v _vë CkvlmJn æsse\o

AÀdmkn (acWw ln: 328) Cu ZuXyw GsäSp¯p. Pn_vco (A) apl½Zv (kz) \_n¡v
sIm−ph¶ IzpÀB\n 17000 Bb¯pIfp−mbnêìsh¶v ‘A Im^nbn’eqsS
Ct±lw {]Ncn¸n¨p. 13 mw \qäm−nsâ Ahkm\t¯msS Cu A_² PÂ]\w HìIqSn
inbm¡Ä¡nSbn {]Npc{]Nmcw t\Sn. ioCu ssiJ·mcn Hcmfmb lpssk³ \qcn
Xz_vdkn IzpÀB³ amä¯nê¯epIÄ¡v hnt[bambn«p−v F¶ æ^vdnsâ hmZw
DÄs¡mÅn¨psIm−v ioCu hnizmk§Ä hniZoIcnç¶ ‘^kzvep JnXzm_v ^o
Ckv_mXn Xlvco^o InXm_n dºn AÀ_mkv’ F¶ ]pkvXIw FgpXn.

Hmtcm ImeL«¯nepw IzpÀB³ amä¯nê¯epIÄ¡v hnt[bambn«ps−¶ hmZw

inbm¡Ä FSp¯p]nSn¨n«p−v. apÃmlksâ X^vkodp Êzm^nbn t]Pv: 11 C{]Imcw
ImWmw. ‘Alvep ss_Xnse dnt¸mÀ«ÀamcneqsS \ap¡v hìIn«nbn«pÅ
cnhmb¯pIfëkcn¨v ‘\½psS ap¼nepÅ IzpÀB³ ]qÀ®aÃ. apl½Zv (kz) ¡v
AhXcn¸n¨ cq]¯neà {]X|X AÃmlp Cd¡nbXn \nìw hyXykvXambn
AXnep−v. amäw hê¯nbhbpap−v. Hê]mSv Hgnhm¡s¸«n«p−v. AXnëZmlcWamWv
Aen (d) sâ t]cv. ]e Øe§fnepw AXp−mbnêì. Bep apl½Zv (\_n æSpw_w)
F¶ t]cv ]e Øe§fnepap−mbnêì. AXpt]mse ]e ap\m^nIzpIfptSbpw
t]êIfpw am{Xaà AÃmlphpw dkqepw Xr]vXns¸Sp¶ {Ia¯nepaà C¶v
IzpÀBëÅXv’. AenbpsS t]cv ]e Øe§fnepw AhÀ æ¯n¯nêIn. AhÀ
FgpXp¶Xv IméI: ‘bm A¿plÃZo\ DuXp InXm_ Baoë _nam\ÊÂ\m ^o
Aen¿n³ \qd³ ap_n\m’ (thZ{KÙw \ÂIs¸«htc hyàamb {]Imiambns¡m−v
Aen¡v \mw AhXcn¸n¨Xn \n§Ä hnizkn¨nsImÅpI) (Dkqep Im^n t]: 264)
C§ns\ Hê Bb¯v IzpÀB\n ImWm³ km[yamtWm? ‘C¶ Asse\m PwAlp h
IzpÀBëlp’ F¶Xv ‘C¶ Aen¿³ PwAlp h IzpÀB\lp’ F¶mWt{X. (^kvepÂ
JnXzm_v t]: 116).

C{Xsbms¡ Btcm]W§Ä IzpÀB\ns\çdn¨v ]dªn«pw Cu Hê AkXy¯nsâ

kwLs¯ Xm§n \nÀt¯− F´mhiyamWv PamAs¯ CkvemançÅXv? hnip²
IzpÀB\n Hê hN\w C§ns\ ImWw: ‘\_ntb ]dbpI: Ah³ ]caImêWyI\mWv.
3 
inbm°fpsS Izp¿BÎw PamAØv hmZhpw       
 Ah\n R§Ä
hnizknçIbpw
‘thZ{KÙw \ÂIs¸«htc hyàamb `cta¸nçIbpw
{]Imiambns¡m−v Aen¡v \mw sNbvXncnçì. BcmWv
AhXcn¸n¨Xn \n§Ä hyàamb hgntISnse¶v
hgntb \n§Ä
hnizkn¨nsImÅpI’ (Dkqep Im^n t]:
a\Ênem¡ns¡mÅpw’. Cu
264) C§ns\ Hcp Bb¯v IzpÀB\n hN\w icnbmb cq]¯neÃ
ImWm³ km[yamtWm? ‘C¶ Asse\m F¶mWv inbm¡fpsS hmZw.
PwAlp h IzpÀB\plp’ F¶Xv ‘C¶ icnbmb cq]w AhÀ
]dbpì. ‘AenbpsSbpw
Aen¿³ PwAlp h IzpÀB\lp’ tijapÅ CamapIfpsSbpw
F¶mWt{X. (^kvep JnXzm_v t]: 116). hnemb¯nsâ Imcy¯nÂ
  AÃmlphnsâ ktμiw
Rm\dnbn¨t¸mÄ AXv
\ntj[n¨htc, BcmWv
hyàamb hgntISnse¶v (hgnsb \n§Ä AdnªpsImÅpw)’ (AÂIm^n 1/421)

Bb¯p æÀknt]mepw ChÀ Xnê¯nsbgpXn. ‘A bua AIva Xp eæw…….’

F¶ amCZbnse Bb¯p Xnê¯n. C{Xt¯mfw Imcyw t_m[ys¸«n«pw IzpÀB\nsâ
hnjb¯n inbm¡Ä¡v bmsXmê hyXnbm\hpanà F¶ \ne]mSn Xs¶bmWv
PamAs¯ Ckveman DÅsX¦n AhêsS Imcyw IjvSamWv. PamA¯pImsc æäw
]dªn«p ImcyanÃ. aXcmjv{ShmZ hnjb¯n inbm¡Ä Hê]mSv auZqZnsb
klmbn¨XmWtÃm.

Iqdv ImWnçI F¶Xv aëjy{]IrXhpamWv. Camw (?) Jpssa\n `cWs¨t¦mÂ

Gäphm§nbt¸mÄ jm `cWIqSs¯ AwKoIcn¨Xnsâ t]cn ]nSn¡s¸« ]«mf¡msc
hcnbmbn \nÀ¯n AhêsS s\©pIfnte¡v shSpbp−IfpXnÀ¯t¸mÄ temIwI−
Gähpw henb CkvemanI hn¹hsa¶v Aeapdbn«hcmWv Cu PamAs¯ Ckveman.

teJ\w: hnNn´\w hmcnI. 2009 Pqembv 24

X¿mdm¡nbXv: apl½Zv bmkÀ hn.sI

A_qZm_n
mmdyaser@gmail.com

4 
inbm°fpsS Izp¿BÎw PamAØv hmZhpw