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CAPITOLUL 13

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CUPRINS
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13.2. Reevaluarea firmei


13.4. Decizii financiare de dezinvestire,
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CONCEPTE
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Decizia de dezinvestire
Decizia de reevaluare

67$5($'(((&$),50(,

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(vezi cadrul 13.1).


Cadrul 13.1.
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DOXQHL

ntreprinderi:

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3ULQWUHFHLPDLIUHFYHQ LIDFWRULVXQW

Factorii
care pot
duce la
faliment

(YROX LDQHIDYRUDELO DSLH HLFLUFD


,QFRPSHWHQ

LJUHHOLGHFRQGXFHUH

3. Fenomene naturale, incendii etc.


4. Alte cauze
10%.

60%;
10%;

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$F LXQL

L

Legea iQVROYDELOLW

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prealabile

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GHFODU

restructurare - reprofilare.

ULL

falimentului

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LL vQWUHSULQGHULORU

DF LXQL

GH

GH

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L

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Punerea unei ntreprinderi n stare de lichidare presupune

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L

$F LXQL

generate de
lichidarea
firmei

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creditorilor;
4. Adoptarea deciziei financiare de lichidare a ntreprinderii.
$FHVWHDFWLYLW

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consumvQP

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proprietarLEXJHWIXUQL]RULVDODULD L

 GH

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Eliberarea de
fonduri prin
dezinvestire

unei decizii de dezinvestire. $FHDVW

GHFL]LHSUHVXSXQHHOLEHUDUHD

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Momentul optim
pentru decizia
de dezinvestire

YD

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DO

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13.2. REEVALUAREA FIRMEI

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vQ

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De la acest nivel

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LQIRUPD LHL
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IXQF LHGH

1. GHYDORUL]DUHDHWDORQXOXLPRQHWDUFDXUPDUHDLQIOD LHL
2. valoarea bunurilor care vor nlocui activele uzate;
3. QLYHOXOYDORULLUHFXQRVFXWGHSLD 
4. UHDOL]DUHD XQRU RSHUD LXQL GH IX]LRQDUH VHSDUDUH
restructurare.

Coeficientul de
reevaluare decizie
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SUH XULORU

L

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GH

5HOD LD

Vre = Vi x Cre
unde:

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Vi = valoarea de intrare;
Cre = coeficientul de reevaluare
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Diversitatea
valorii

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SLD

GHSLD

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randament, valoarea de nlocuire, valoarea de lichidare a firmei


etc.
Multiplicarea
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DF LXQL

Astfel,

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VH

RE LQH

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VH FRWHD]  OD EXUV  L SHQWUX DOWH FRPSRQHQWH DOH FDSLWDOXOXL


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Valoarea de randament

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egal cu profitul firmei reevaluate.


Costul
nlocuirii
activelor
firmei

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valoarea de nlocuire are n vedere noile

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de asigurare 9DORDUHD GH DVLJXUDUH HVWH HJDO


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0RGLILF

UL

valorice la
asociere sau
separare

valorii

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UHDOL] ULL GH

asocieri cu alte firme sau al

PDL PXOWH XQLW

VHSDU

ULL

unei firme n

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cazuri, valoarea activelor trece obligatoriu printr-un proces de


UHHYDOXDUH

FX

DMXWRUXO

SUH XULORU

mijloacelor devenite inutile

SLH HL

L

GH

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D

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N CAZ DE FALIMENT
Pentru fundamentarea unei decizii financiare n caz de faliment

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OD

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baza lor, se deWHUPLQ

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A. Cheltuielile financiare yc
$FHVWH LQIRUPD LL GH WLSXO \F

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SURFHVXOXL

GH

p  VH UHIHU

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L

OD

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devizului.

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la:
-3ODWDVDODULLORUSHQWUXSHUVRQDOSHQWUXRDQXPLW

Gama
REOLJD LLORU

firmei
falimentare

XQQLYHOSUHY ]XWGHOHJHDIDOLPHQWXOXL

o VHUHIHU

SHULRDG LOD

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local;
- 'HWHUPLQDUHD SULRULW LL D SURSRU LHL vQ FDUH VH VDWLVIDF L
sumele care le revin creditorilor:
D&UHDQ HOHJDUDQWDWHFXDVLJXUDUHGHSULPXOUDQJ

E &UHDQ H JDUDQWDWH SH ED]D DFWLYXOXL U PDV GXS  DFKLWDUHD

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etc.);

F$F LXQLSULYLOHJLDWH
G$F LXQLRUGLQDUH

B. Veniturile financiare yv
$FHVWH LQIRUPD LL VXQW GHWHUPLQDWH GH YDORDUHD GH SLD

 D

activului vQGXW GH DGPLQLVWUD LD SURFHVXOXL GH IDOLPHQWDUH SULQ

5HOD LD

unde:

OLFLWD LHSXEOLF 

yv = 6 Ai x Pli
Ai HOHPHQWHOHGHDFWLYLVFRDVHODOLFLWD LH
Pli SUH XOGHOLFLWD LHSHILHFDUHHOHPHQWGHDFWLYL

&'HFL]LDILQDQFLDU
3H

ED]D

LQIRUPD LLORU

\P

\Y

\F

p

L

\Y

o, comisia de

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ILQDQFLDU 

VENITURI (yv)


)RQGXUL

GLVSRQLELOH

GXS 

vnzarea activului

CHELTUIELI (yc)
1. Cheltuieli de administrare
2. Salarii pentru personal
3. Impozite

5DPEXUVDUHDFUHDQ HORUGH

prim rang

5DPEXUVDUHDFUHDQ HORUGH

rangul doi
3O

LSWDF LRQDUL

Total yv

Total yc
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vQVR HWH IDOLPHQWDUHD ILUPHL ILLQG XOWLPD UHSDUWL LH ILQDQFLDU  vQ

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175(%

5,

&DUH VXQW FDX]HOH LQWU ULL vQ HHF HFRQRPLF DO XQHL ILUPH L SURFHGHHOH GH
lichidare?
&HDFWLYLW LGHFRQVXPLGHUHSDUWL LHILQDQFLDU LHFRQRPLF vQVR HVFIDOLPHQWXO
unei firme?
Ce cheltuieli ILQDQFLDUH vQVR HVF IDOLPHQWXO L FDUH VXQW FULWHULLOH GH SULRULWDWH vQ

RUGRQDUHDDFKLW ULLREOLJD LLORUF WUHFUHGLWRULLSURSULHWDUL"

'HFHVHFHUHFDYkQ]DUHDDFWLYXOXLV VHIDF SHED] GHOLFLWD LHSXEOLF "


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revitalizarea firmei?
&XP VH DSUHFLD]  YDORDUHD vQWUHSULQGHULORU vQ IXQF LH GH GLIHULWH FULWHULL VSHFLILFH

HFRQRPLHLGHSLD

"

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