=_ 1

G
O
H
uH
~
O
Q
=

1
H`
~O
L^=
- _=# HK@ =# s~ Q= =i *<Ok= H iq`# `@.
- HK@ LyOK iH~= H Hh H`# x~zOK@
- _=, ^=~t =i H=# HK@ LyOK iH~=# `H#@ =i u XH
^x H =}=# `H#@
- H= =i JH=H~ == H "=# HK@
- H= =i JH=H~ == H #i=}=# HK@.

=MO=
- H` "Q U i=}=<# uH~t JO\O.
L^II _=, ^=~t, #i=}=, O^` "IIq.
- ^~= H "`^ H#Q#@ U_ uH ~ H=. Jq _=, ^=~t, H=, LQ`,
HOu Ln# f=`, #i=}= =i q^` "=.
- D U_ uH ~< =~ JO\~. =~ H =}# = =} JO\~.
- = ~ Hx "\x L`# ~ JO\~.
- = =} 7 HH qye# "\x L`# =} JO\~.
- _"# ==# HK@ g@~ H|^#, #x ==# HK@ "i~ He~ H
$Q* # Ly~.
1

- "=# K^~ g@~ (g2) HeK^~.

- Q 2 Hy`=# LyOz JH=H~ == H "=# H#Q<^~.
- XH ^~= PHqOK "`= =# #i=}= JO^~. nxx # g@~ (g3) HeK^~ .
- b@~ J# =}= ^== H #i=}=# HK@ LyOK^~.
- =}H"# H` `# LyOz , H~< \ "^Q ^=^~=# HeK^~.
- Q =#= H*_x LyOK^= =i i= _# LyOz JH=H~
== H #i=}=# H#Q<^=.
3 =~
1. x`rq`O _=# Hez# 3 O^~# `e, f O^~O g~ "_# ^<x `O_.
- |@ \OKH#@ s~ Q# HK O^~= - "_# ^#= >.
- =# Z`# HK O^~= - "_# ^#= >
- q "O HK#C_ ^x _=, "_# HK@ - "_# ^#= > (or) ~ Q
(or) Q[O|^
- |@ "~ =# `y#O` |@# Hez WK@ - ^#O g@~ or J~g@~ |^
- ~MQ}` =# kOK@ qq^ *qf PH~ _=# HK@...... "_# ^#=
^~} .
2. g ^#Ok# rq`O qq^ ^~ ^=~tx Hez# 3 O^~# `e, f O^~O "_#
^<x `O_.
- H~} #O^ ~ H#@ "\ ^=~tx HK@ - "_# ^#= ^~} ` or
_l@ `
- =# |~= ( ^=~t ) x HK@ - "~OQ q+<
- WO\ x~}xH "_ W# K=# `K@ - l@ ` , ~=< ~
- =q_, *= =$H= O\ O_# H##C_ "\ ^=~tx `K@ - >| ` ^ ^~} `.
- |OQ~ P~}# H##C_ "\ ^=~tx `K@ - x`` or _l@ `.

3. =# ~A"s r=#O ^~ #i=}x HeK 3 O^~# `e, f O^~= "_#

^<x `O_.
- L^< J""_ #i=}x Hez WK@ - "_ ^#= H~ H `
- `Q h~ ( i_ _OHOQ "@~ ) # H#@ ^x #i=}O H~O HK@ .... 20 sH<,
1 bII \
- "< WO^#O \, _l #i=}# HK@...... "_# ^#= _l@ g@~.
- H~< # H#Q K #C_ ^x #i=}=# HK@ "_ ^# O OH"H~ H`.
- U"x > ^ OK Hx == #OK@ Jq JO^ @< ^ #x "\ #i=}#
JOK< "=.
4. x`rq`O =#O Hx HeK 3 O^~# `=.
- L^O x^KH =#O KH=# qq^ ^#Ok# H~H=# =# H~O K@
Hx HO. L^:- P~O fH=_O HH$` f~H=_O, #H "_O.
- =#O XH O`O #O_ =~H O`O }OKC_ } Hx HO.
- xs` H ==k K=# # H~ Hx HO. L^~} HO^~ ~Q
=xH}Q}OQ =O^ "_@,
- =# =x HOK@ Hx O=`~ HO.
- H|_, MM =O\ P@ W~ [@ =^ xs` HO H~" P@# x~O.
5. x`rq`O =#O "x HeK U"x 3 O^~# `O_?
- WO_, O@ = J=H - H#Q =O "\ "# HO.
- _xOQ >| ^ =OK H=# ^@# "\ "\ "H#Q}OQ `"e H|\, "\
"# JOK< "O.
- WO\ |O_ ^ H~\ "_xH Qke "x HO.
- H~, W`~ "< H =# H=~ H<O> P "< Li` " # JOK<" HO\O.
- H~, |, Z^ |O_ =O\q W~ O^ QO_ ==z#C_ "\ "x P ^i
Li` "O` @ JOK<"O.

6. XH H` Q ~O_ KH \OKH#@ XH~HO Q_ 2 g@~, =~H~HO Q_ 21/2 g@~

J=~"#q. W Q_ =H _=` `_ ZO^ J=~"#^ q=iOKO_.
- KH @@ u=HH xs` "O Q Q_ H"e.
- P Q_ "O - Q_ _= Q_ "_
- ~"# "xH _= "_ XH\ iy` =~H\ `Qe.
- H#H "_ Z=Q =# Q_# `= _= fH"e. "_ `=Q =# Q_#
Z= _= fH"e.
- ^~}OQ x`rq`O D Q_=H "_# ''< Jx ==iO.
- P =H ^ < Q Q_# 2 gII , z# < Q =H# 21/2 gII fH"e =zOk.
7. 1 gII "~= Q =$`H~ >| iQ ~K_xH ZO` "= Q Q_=H# H#=
=O@Ok?
- =$`H~ >| Li`O "~O 1 g@~ S# ^x "=
d

2r
2 1 g
2 g.

- H=# _=, "_ 2 g@~ Q Q_` =`" P >| Qx iQ HQO.

- _=, "_ 2 g@~ Q P Q_ =H "O _= "_
2 g 2 g
4 K.g.
H=# P >| iQ ~K_xH 4 K.g. "OQ Q_H"e.
( H~}O Q_# =$`H~OQ H#@ g H^ H#H )

8. 12 J_Q _=, 10 J_Q "_ Q Qk ~K _ xH h= 2 J_Q _=, "_ Q |O_#

"_#O> Zx |O_# H#= =O@Ok?
- Qk "O

_= "_
12 J_Q 10 J_Q
120 K^~ J_Q

- |O_ "O _= "_

2 J_Q 2 J_Q
4 K^~ J_Q

30
120 K^~ J_Q
Qk"O
- Qk ~K@ H=# |O_
4 K^~ J_Q
|O_ "O
1
30
P Qk ~K@ 4 K^~ J_Q |O_ 30 H"e.
9. 15gII _=, 2 gII Z` Q WO\ sQ_ #O "@ 1 KII gII 10 xq KC#
"`O Zx QO@ =O _`Ok?
- sQ_ "O

_= Z`
15 g 2 g
30 KII gII

- 1 KII gII Q_ #O "@ @ HO 10 xq S#

30 KII gII Q_ #O "@ @ HO 30 10 x=
300 x=
- 60 x= 1 QO@ S#
300 x= 300/ 60 QO@
5 1
20/ 6
5 QO@ @#.

10. 5 O.g "~O, 14 O.g. Z`Q H~ ` xO_Q =# # 10 O.g "~OQ

H~ ` O> P ` HhO ZO` Z` =O_e?
- "^\ H~ ` #i=}O P^~ "O Z`

r2

22/7 5 5 14 1100 .O.g

- ~O_= ` _ J^ #i=}O Hey =O_e.
J#Q ^x #i=}O r2

1100 .O.g.

22/7 10 10 h 1100
h

1100 7/22 1/10 1/10

3.5 O.g.
J#Q ~O_= ` HhO 3.5 O.g. Z`O_e.
11. uH ~tx x~zOz, 4 L^~}e=O_.
[. H` "Q U i=}=<< uH ~t JO\O
uH~tH L^~}
_=, ^=~t, #i=}=, O^` "IIq
12. XH i=}=# 'uH ~t Jx ZC_ JO\" `e, uH~ 4 L^~}e=O_.
[. XH i=}=# H=Qey#C_ ^xx uH~t JO\O
uH~tH L^~}
_=, H=, "=, |=, "IIq
13. HO^ `|_# =}# ==}, L`# =}Q =sHiOKO_.
(or)
HO^ `|_# =} =, L`# =}# QiOz ~# \ H #"^ KO_.
HQ=, He<, g@~2, H#, #@<, PO~
[.

= =}=

L`# =}=

1. HQ=

1. g@~2

2. H e<
3. PO ~
4. H#

2. #@<

14. HO^ W=|_# uH ~ =}# L`kOKO_.

(a) # i=}= (b) O^`
[. #i=}=

(c) "Q=

_=

"_

Z`

g@~

g@~

g@~

g@~3 (or) # g@~

O^`

^=~t

HQ=

g@~3

#i=}=
"Q=

^~= / H=

g@~ / H#

15. ==} =i L`# =} =^ =`# `=.

[. 1) ==} 7 =`". L`# =} K =<~
2) = =} `O`"#q
3) L`# =}# = =} #O_ O^=K#.
16. iH~= H Hh H` J#Q <" `e , ^~} KuQ_~= Hh H` `O_.
[. XH iH~=` Yz`=Q H=Qey# Ju `= i=}=# P iH~= H Hh H`
JO\~.
H Hh H` 1 q.g.
Ku Q_~= H Hh H` 1 H#
17. U U uH~# =uH ~Q iQ}O?

(or)

= uH~ Zx? Jq Uq?

[. _=, ^=~t, H=, LQ`, q^` ~}, HOu Ln# f=` ^~= "`^.
J# 7 ~# =uH~Q iQ}~.
(or)
= uH~ 7. Jq
_=, ^=~t, H=, LQ`, q^` ~}, HOu Ln# f=`, ^~= "`^.

18. 7 O.g. "~= Hey# =$`H~ J@=H# XH >| LOz` P J@=H ZO` Li`x
PHqO k?
[. =$` "=# H#Q# `= r2
=

22
,
7

r2 =

"~= r = 7 O.g.

22
7
7

O.g.

= 154

O.g2

7 O.g

P =$`H~ J@=H >| 154 O.g2 Li`x PHqOk.

19. 20 O.g _=, 4 O.g. "_, 3 O.g. Z` Hey# n~ <H~ ~~x xO_Q h~# |H\
" ZO` h~ i=#?
(1 .O.g. = 1 q.b.)
[. n~ <H~ # i=}= H#Q# `O = _=
P ~~ #i=}= = 20 O.g.

240 O.g3

240 q.b.

4 O.g.

"_

Z`

3 O.g.

P ~~x |H@ " 240 q.b. h~ i =#.

20. JOK< " ^^Q HK@ g~ *<Ok# "_# O^~=# =_O\x `O_.
[. < Z` P^~OQ = ` Z` JOK< "_O [iyOk.
< |~= P^~OQ = ` |~= JOK< "_O [iyOk.
} K@C_ }Hx JOK< "_O [iyOk.
WO\, |_ Q^ _=, "_ JOK< "_O [iyOk.
\, H =O\ "_ ^~ LQ` JOK< "_O [iyOk.
[~O ` =# =H s~x `H LQ` JOK< "_O [iyOk.

21. =# s~ Q#yOz qq^ uH ~# H=_O Q iq`# `O_.

== _= ^ Z`# Yz`=Q HK@ H iQ P^~_=.
s~Q H H` =H =HH "~"~Q =O_@O = =#= =# s~Q` Hez# H`,
W`~ "i s~ Q` Hez# H` =#OQ =O_=
U iH~=`# H=O_ =#O TOz x~~Oz# H` Jx O^~`# ~ # k
HH =K#.
22. H` J#Q<" `e ^xx XH L^~}` q=iO=.
[. H` J##k ^~}=Q q^#=.
H` J##k XH OY =i XH =}=# HeyO_#.
L^~}: < |~= 54 H (HQ") J#O^O.
WO^ 54 OY. HQ" J##k =}=. D ~O_O\x He K#_
P |~= H` O~==`Ok.
23. 1 g P^~ "~=, 3.5 g Z` Q \O ZO` h~ xO=K.
[. H~ # i=} `=

= r 2 h

P H~ \O #i=}=

22
3.5 g
7

3.5 g 1 g

38.5 g3

38.5

38,500 b@~

1000 b@~

P \O 38,500 b@~ h~ xO=K.

24. = uH ~# `e "\ S.I. =}# "O_.
[.

S.I.

=}=
g@~
HQ"
H<
H e<
PO ~
HO_
"

= uH ~t
_=
^=~t
H=
LQ`
q^` "=
HOuLn# f=`
^~= H "`^
9

25. #yOz Wz w`Q= _=# Hez, Hez# q^#=# q=iOK=.

A

[. w`Q= _= = 5.5 O.g.

Hez# q^#=: Wz# w` Q=# ^Q~Q =O`~OQ LO_@ # LOzux.
x H` Q= 'O qQ=# w` Q= H 'A z=~ iQ#@ J=iux.
w`Q= H ~O_= H# B H 5 O.g 5. q.g. qQ=` iQ#@ J=i#k.
H=# w`Q= H` 5 O.g. + 5 q.g. = 5.5 O.g.
5 =~
1. Hx =#O K_O i_H ^u JO> Uq\ `e i_H ^uH U"x ~O_ x`rq`
L^~} e=O_.
[. i_H ^u : Yz`OQ XH^x `~` XH\ =K H==^# i_H ^u JO\~.
i_H ^uH L^~}
1. u~A ^^Q XH =xH [iQ ~^=
2. XH^x `~` XH\ ~u, Q =K@
3. KeH=, ZO_H= XH^x `~` XH\ ~H==^ =K@
4. f O=`~O ~# H==^ |`= U~_@.
2. n~K ` ~H~ J@=H _=, "_ =~Q 10 O.g., 5 O.g. J~# ^x " "O`?
^x _= "_ 3 ~@ iy# "O Zx ~@ ~Q#?
[. n~K`~ "= = _= "_
J#Q J@=H "= = 10 O.g. 5 O.g.
= 50 K^~ O.g.
_=, "_ 3 ~@ iy#K
iy# _= = 3 10 O.g. = 30 O.g
iy# "_ = 3 5 O.g. = 15 O.g
_=, "_ iQH J@=H "= = 30 O.g. 15 O.g
= 450 O.g
iy# "O
450 K.O.g
=9
"= ~Q^ =
=
"^\ "O
50 K.O.g
J#Q _=, "_ 3 ~@ iy# "O 9 ~@Q#.
10

3. P H "=# Z H#QO^=? (^) JH=H~ == H "O H#Q# q^#=#

q=iO=.
[. P "=# Q Hy`= LyOz HO.
Q Hy`O P# =Oz, P JOK "O|_ w` w Q Hy`O P PH~=# we.
Hy`O #O_ P# f" P PH~Ox i 1 K.O.g. K^~ OY# HOKe.
`~` P PH~=x JO~ K^~= QQO H< Z= P PH~O Q K^~# i
K^~Q HOKe. QO QO H< `=Q K^~# =ke"e.
"`O K^~= OY P "=# K.O.g. `#.
4. ~~ H # i=}=# H*_, h~#yOz H#Q< q^#=# q=iO=.
(^) JH=H~ ^~= H #i=}= H#Q< q^#=# q=iO=.
[. H*_x fHx JO^ ~~ =xQ@O^ g#O` h\x fH"e.
H*_ f# h\ #i=}x QiOKe.
#i=}= H#Q#=# ~~x ^~O` H\ H*_x h\ Jk =xQ@Q "_ne.
~~ h\ =#Q@O = ~~ #i=}xH =#"#O` h\ =@O ~Q`Ok. iy# h\
=\x J#Q h~ =i ~~ "`O #i=}x QiOKe.
~~ =#QH =O^ h\ #i=}=, ~~x =OKH h\ #i=}= =`= ~~
H #i=}=# `#.
WK@ ~~ #i=}= 'qbb@~ `e#.
5. 1 g "~= Q Q `\ ZO` #i=}= Q h~ @#. ^x "~= # 2 g. ~ \O
K# JO^ @h~ Zx ~@ ~Q#.
[. Q # i=}=# ` `=

4
r3
3

1g. "~= Q Q `\ #i=}= =

=

4 22

1 g 1g 1g
3
7
88
21

g3

= 4.19 g3
11

P QO @h~ = 4.19 1000 b = 4190 b@~

"~O 2 g. J~# PQO #i=}O

4 22

3
7

=
=

704
21

2g 2g 2g

g3

= 33.5

g3
D `\ @ h~ = 33.5 1000b = 33,500 b@~
"~O 1 g #O_ 2g KQ JO^ @ h~ iy## ~@ =
=8

33500
4190

~@

"~x ~\O KQ P QO 8 ~@ h~ @#.

Mm# i# =^<` iOK@

1. H`H "\H ^ux "\# O=`~= ..............

(1956)

2. KO^Q =~x H= _=# HK@ LyOz# z# =}=.............. (~=}=)

3. *<Ok` XH H`# ^^Q (+=~Q) HK@# .............. JO\~.
(JOK<" @)
4. _=# HK@ JOQ=, J_Q, Q[= J# =}# ~`^O "_@O .............. ^
=O = [iyOk. (WOQO _)
5. J"iH W\H LQ= ## _= =}= 1 "
6. 1 J_Q

.............. JOQ

(12)

7. 1 Q[=

.............. J_Q

(3)

8. J}~=# =#"# ^~=# .............. JO\~.

9. XH ~A

1
86400

Q= H=# .............. JO\O

.............. H.g. (1.61)

(")
(H#)

10. = =} H H~H =# U~_# =}# .............. JO\O. (L`# =})

11. XH ^ F_ H ^=~t 9,00,000 HQ". nxx 10 H `=Q "Q ..............
(9 105 H.Q.)
12. 23 q.g. #

O.g. "Q .............. (2.3 O.g)

12

13. XH w` Q=# ` HK#C_ w` Q= H ~O_ z=~ 2 O.g. 9.3 O.g.

Q~ i q^OQ J=~~. J~# P w` _= ..............
(7.3 O.g.)
14. ... @=x w` Q= _= ..............

(1.7 O.g.)

15. 0.01 O.g. =~ Yz`OQ #^~= H _=# H =O^=# HK@ H=# iH~=
..............
("i~ He~)
16. "i~ He~ H Hh H` .............. O.g. (0.01)
17. 0.001 O.g. =~ Yz`OQ # ^~= H _= H =O^=# HK@ H=# iH~=
..............
(Q*)
18. Q* H Hh H` .............. O.g. (0.001)
19. ^~}OQ =#O "_ H Hh H` .............. (1 q.g.)
20. ^=~tx qbQ" =~ Yz`OQ HK@ "_ iH~= ..............

(x` `)

#O_ B ^ A #O_ C Q ^~=# .............. JO\O.

(HO# q~=)
22. ... @Ox A, B, C < q~= #= ..............
(A #=)
21. ...

@Ox

23. H= TQ == x #= #O_ = J`kH ^~=# .............. JO\O.

(HO# q~=)
24. H= XH _#= K@ @ H=# .............. JO\O

(_<=~# HO)

25. H=# H#Q# "` .............. (Qee)

26. H Q_~=# `~ K# "` .............. (H< [<)
27. XH == H Li`= ^ == PHqOK Li`=# .............. JO\O. ("=)
28. "=#

S.I.

=}= .............. (g2 (or) K^~ g@~)

29. _= 6 O.g., "_ 4 O.g. Hey# ~ H "= ..............

(24 K.O.g (or) 24 O.g2)
30. XH == PHqOK x .............. JO\O (# i=}O)
31. #i=}= H
32. 1 b@~

S.I.

=}= ..............

.............. # O\ g@~

(g3 (or) # g@~)

(1000)

33. 1 # g@~ \OH #O^ .............. b@~ h~ xO=K. (1000)

34. ~`# HO h_ _=# |\ .............. `Hxi. (H=)
35. h_ P^~=Q ==# ` x~}= .............. (<_)
13

|tH =^#
1. HO^ W=|_# uH~ =uH~t Hxk
(1) LQ`
(2) ^=~t
(3) "=
2. 'H# XH~A
(1) 46800 =O`

( 3 )
(4) _=
( 4 )

(2) 64800 =O` (3) 84600 =O` (4) 86400 =O`

3. XH ^ F_ H ^=~t 9,00,000 H.Q. nxx 10 H `=Q "Q

(2) 90 105
(3) 9 105
(4) 9 104
(1) 9 106

( 3 )

4. HOk "x "= H =}=

(1) g@~3
(2) g@~

( 4 )

5. HOk ~ =uH~t
(1) O^`
(2) LQ`
6. HOk =} = =}=
(1) K^~ g@~
(2) *
7. HOk =} L`# =}=
(1) #@<
(2) H e<

(3)

g@~3

(4)

g@~2
( 2 )

(3) #i=}=(4) |=
( 3 )
(3) PO ~

(4) #@<
( 1 )

(3) PO ~

(4) HO_

8. J"iH ^O qxQO =# ''_= =}= 1 " q= H.g.

(1) 1.51 H.g
(2) 1.61 H.g (3) 2 H.g
(4) 2.61 H.g

( 2 )

9. 237 qb g@~# g@~ "Q

(1) 2.37 g.
(2) 0.237 g.

( 2 )
(3) 23.7 g.

(4) 0.0237 g.

10. XH w` Q=# ` HK#C_ w`Q= H ~O_ z=~ 2 O.g,

4.2 O.g Q~ i q^OQ J=i# P w`Q= _=
(1) 2 O.g.
(2) 4.2 O.g (3) 2.4 O.g (4) 2.2 O.g.

( 4 )

11. "i~ He~` H=Qey# Ju`= H`

(1) 0.01 q.g.
(2) 0.01 O.g (3) 0.001 O.g (4) 1 q.g.

( 2 )

12. Q* H Hh H`
(1) 0.01 O.g.
(2) 0.1 O.g

( 3 )
(3) 0.001O.g (4) 1 O.g

13. 1 b@~ #i=}=# # O\ g@~ `Q

(1) 1
(2) 10
(3) 100
14. HOk "x
(1) g@~

S.I.

=}= Hxk
(2) O_

( 4 )
(4) 1000
( 2 )

(3) HQ=
14

(4) HO_

15. XH ^== H #i=}= 1 "HQ= J~#K Jk D HOk "x ^xH == ( 1 )

(2) 1012
(3) 109
(4) 103
(1) 106
16. =^ A @}= #O_ B @}= =~ | }OK@ 5 QO@ 30 x=
| ~i "Q= QO@ 50 H.g. D ^~=# }OK@ \ # P ~O_ @}=
=^ ^~=
( 4 )
(1) 250 H.g
(2) 300 H.g
(3) 280 H.g (4) 275 H.g
[`~ K @
1. HOk uH ~# "\ S.I. =}` [`~KO_. (Under Standing)
_=
^=~t

H=

LQ`

q^`~ }

HOu Ln# f=`

^~= H "`^
"=

#i=}=
O^`
"Q=
`~}=
|=
x
_#=
=~ =

g@~
HQ"
H#
H e<
PO ~
HO_
"
K^~ g@~
# g@~
HQ" / # g@~
g@~ / HO_
g@~ / HO_2
#@# (HQ" g@~/HO_2)
* (HQ" K^~g@~/HO_2)

"\

15

2. HOk =}# "\ OH`=` [`~KO_. (Under Standing)

g@~
HQ=
HO_
H e<
"
PO ~
HO_
#@<

*
"\

Kg

mol

Cd

Pa

3. HOk ''10 H Q}*, LQ}*# "\ ~` [` ~KO_. (Under Standing)

101

_H

102

103

106

"Q

109

lQ (yQ)

1012

>~

101

102

O\

103

qb

106

" H

109

<<

1012

16

U 4.

U 6.

HO^ W=|_# = uH~# "\ =}` [` ~KO_.

(or)
HO^ W=|_# = uH~ =}# QiOz [` ~KO_.
1. _=

(a) H#

2. ^=~t

(b) HO_

3. H=

(c) HQO

4. LQ`

(d) "

5. q^` ~}

(e) g@~

(f) H e<

(g) PO ~

5 x 1/2 = (2 1/2 Marks)

HOk W=|_# uH~# "\ L`# =}` [` ~KO_.

5 x 1/2 = (2 1/2 Marks)

1. "=

(a) HQO / g@~3

2. #i=}=

(b) g@~ / H#2

3. O^`

(c) HQO g@~ / H#2

4. "Q=

(d) g@~3

5. `~}=

(e) HQO

(f) g@~ / H#
(g) g@~2

U 7. A

Q=x =}xH B Q=x OH`x [` KO_.

5 x 1/2 = (2 1/2 Marks)
A

1. g@~

(a)

mol

2. H e<

(b)

Kg

3. HO_

(c)

Cd

4. "

(d)

5. HO_

(e)

(f)

(g)

17