Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CERINTE:
a) Compozitia amestecului.
mN 2 = nN2 M N 2 = 6.4 104 28 = 1.792 102 Kg
mO2 = nO2 M O2
VO2
6.9 103
VO2
m
=
M
=
32 = 0.986 102 Kg
O2
O2
nO2 =
VM O
22.4
2
VM O
2
mam = mCO2 + mN 2 + mO2 = 1.95 102 + 1.792 102 + 0.986 102 = 4.728 102 Kg
gCO2 =
g N2 =
gO2 =
rCO2 =
mCO2
mam
mN 2
mam
mO2
mam
1.792 102
= 37.9%
4.728 102
=
=
g CO2
M CO2
1.95 102
= 41.2%
4.728 102
0.986 102
= 20.9%
4.728 102
gCO2
0.412
M CO2
44
=
= 0.318 = 31.8%
g N2
gO2
0.412 0.379 0.209
+
+
+
+
44
28
32
M N 2 M O2
g N2
rN 2 =
gCO2
M CO2
M N2
g N2
M N2
gO2
M O2
gO2
rO2 =
gCO2
M CO2
M O2
g N2
M N2
gO2
M O2
0.379
28
=
= 0.46 = 46%
0.412 0.379 0.209
+
+
44
28
32
0.209
32
=
= 0.222 = 22.2%
0.412 0.379 0.209
+
+
44
28
32
Kg
mol
RM 8315
=
= 244.70
M am 33.98
RCO2 =
RN 2 =
RM 8315
J
=
= 297
M N2
28
Kg 0 K
RO2 =
RM 8315
J
=
= 260
M O2
32
Kg 0 K
k
1.33
J
RCO2 =
189 = 761.7
k 1
1.33 1
Kg 0 K
k
1.4
J
cpN 2 =
RN2 =
297 = 1039.5 0
k 1
1.4 1
Kg K
k
1.4
J
cpO2 =
RO2 =
260 = 910
k 1
1.4 1
Kg 0 K
cpCO2 =
k = 1.33
k = 1.4 ( N 2 biotehnic)
k = 1.4 (O2 biotehnic)
'
'
'
'
mCO2 cpCO2 (tam
tCO2 ) = mN 2 cpN 2 (t N2 tam
) = mCO2 cpCO2 tam
mCO2 cpCO2 tCO2 = mN 2 cpN 2 tam
mN 2 cpN 2 t N 2
'
tam
(mCO2 cpCO2 + mN 2 cpN 2 ) = mN2 cpN2 t N 2 + mCO2 cpCO2 tCO2
'
tam
=
(1)
'
tam
temperatura amestecului CO2 si N 2
'
tam
=
'
mam
masa amestecului CO2 si N 2
'
mam
= 1.95 102 + 1.792 10 2 = 3.742 102 Kg
'
Cpam
caldura specifica a amestecului CO2 si N 2
'
Cpam
= ri Cpi = rCO2 CpCO2 + rN 2 CpN2 = 0.318 761.7 + 0.46 1039.5 = 720.4
J
Kg 0 K
'
'
'
mam
Cpam
(t1 tam
) = mO2 CpO2 (tO2 t1 )
'
'
'
'
'
t1 (mam
Cpam
+ mO2 CpO2 ) = mO2 CpO2 tO2 + mam
Cpam
t am
t1 =
'
'
'
mO2 CpO2 tO2 + mam
Cpam
tam
'
'
mam
Cpam
+ mO2 CpO2
V1
14.6 102
p2
73.66 105
V2 = 5.75 104 m3
II.
p3 T3
T2
366.498
p3 = 2.1107 Pa = 2.1 102 bari
III.
V4 T4
T3
1044.52
V4 = 1.47 103 m3
IV.
V5 = V1 = 14.6 103 m3
1
25.4 p1 = 2.54 2.9 105
10
p5 = 7.37 105 Pa = 7.37 bari
p5 =
p4V4n = p5V5n n =
n 1
ln p4 ln p5
ln 210 105 ln 7.37 105
=
= 1.46
ln V5 ln V4 ln14.6 103 ln1.47 10 3
n
p n 1
T5 V4
= = 5
T4 V5
p4
T4 V4n 1 2663.53 (1.47 103 ) 0.46
T5 =
=
V5n 1
(14.6 103 )0.46
T5 = 926.45
Starea p [ Pa ]
1
2.9 105
2
73 665
3
210 105
4
210 105
5
7.37 105
V [m3 ]
T [k ]
3
14.6 10
366.498
3
0.575 10
366.498
3
0.575 10
1044.52
3
1.47 10
2663.53
3
14.6 10
926.45
I.
L1 2 = mam Ram T1 ln
p1
2.9 105
J
KJ
= 4.728 102 244.65 366.498 ln
= 13713
= 13.713
5
p2
73.66 10
CC
CC
Q1 2 = L1 2 = 13.713
KJ
CC
II.
L23 = 0
Q23 = mam CVam (T3 T2 )
1
1
J
RCO2 =
189 = 573
2
k 1
1.33 1
KgK
1
1
J
CVN =
RN 2 =
297 = 742.5
2
k 1
1.4 1
KgK
1
1
J
CVO =
RO2 =
260 = 650
2
k 1
1.4 1
KgK
CVCO =
CVam = ri CVi = rCO2 CVCO + rN 2 CVN + rO2 CVO = 0.318 573 + 0.46 742.5 + 0.222 650 = 668.06
2
Q23 = mam CVam (T3 T2 ) = 4.728 102 668.06 (1044.52 366.498) = 21416
III.
J
KgK
J
KJ
= 21.416
CC
CC
J
KJ
= 18795
CC
CC
IV.
J
KgK
J
KJ
= 70.608
CC
CC
Transformarea 4-5
mam Ram
4.728 10 2 244.65
J
KJ
L4 5 =
(T4 T5 ) =
(2663.53 926.45) = 43680
= 43.680
n 1
1.46 1
CC
CC
pV pV
210 105 1.47 10 3 7.37 105 14.6 10 3
Q4 5 = mam CVam (T5 T4 ) + 4 4 5 5 = 4.728 102 668.06 (926.45 2663.53) +
n 1
1.46 1
J
KJ
Q4 5 = 11150
= 11.150
CC
CC
V.
L51 = 0
J
KJ
= 17.687
CC
CC
KJ
LC = L1 2 + L23 + L34 + L45 + L51 = 13.713 + 0 + 18.795 + 43.680 + 0 = 48.762
CC
KJ
QC = Q1 2 + Q23 + Q34 + Q45 + Q51 = 13.713 + 21.416 + 70.608 11.150 17.687 = 49.474
CC
Q51 = mam CVam (T1 T5 ) = 4.728 102 668.06 (366.498 926.45) = 17687
Starea
1
2
3
4
5
L
Q
13.713 13.713
0
21.416
18.795
70.608
43.680 11.150
0
17.687
LC
QC
48.762 49.474
II.
DU 23 = Q23 = 21.416 KJ
DH 23 = CVam (T3 T2 ) + V3 ( p3 p2 ) = 668.06 (1044.52 366.498) + 0.575 10 3 (210 105 73 105 )
DH 23 = 460836.88 J = 460.8 KJ
DS 23 = mam CVam ln
III.
T3
1044.52
J
= 4.728 102 668.06 ln
= 33.08
T2
366.498
K
DU 3 4 = mam CVam (T4 T3 ) = 4.728 102 668.06 (2663.53 1044.52) = 51138 J = 51.138 KJ
DH 3 4 = Q34 = 70.608 KJ
DS3 4 = mam C pam ln
IV.
T4
2663.53
= 4.728 102 922.42 ln
= 40.82 J
T3
1044.52
DU 45 = mam CVam (T5 T4 ) = 4.728 102 668.06 (926.45 2663.53) = 54867.2 J = 54.867 KJ
DH 45 = n DU 45 = 1.46 (54867.2) = 80106.1 J = 80.106 KJ
DS 45 = ln
V4
1.47 103
(n CVam C pam ) = ln
(1.46 668.06 922.42) = 121.55 J
V5
14.6 103
V.
Transformarea 5-1
T1
366.498
J
= 4.728 102 668.06 ln
= 29.29
T5
926.45
K
Starea
DU
DH
DS
1
0
0
-37.41
2
21.416
460.8
33.08
3
51.138
70.608
40.82
4
-54.867 -80.106 -121.55
5
-17.686 -24.213
-29.29
h) Randamentul termic teoretic al ciclului.
= 1
Qsc
Q23 + Q3 4
13.713 + 11.150 + 17.687
=
= 1
= 1 0.46 = 0.54 = 54%
Qsr Q12 + Q45 + Q51
21.416 + 70.608
LC n 48.762 2000
=
= 1625.4
60
60