P1

n=1 1 nz is absolutely convergent, we see that by taking N su_ciently large, the RHS can be made less than _ for _ > 0 given.

5.1.2 Exercise 2
Di_erentiating 1 2_z + z2 _ 1 2 with respect to z, we obtain p1(_) = 2_ 2z 2(1 2_z + z2) 3
2

jz=0 = _ To compute higher order Legendre polynomials, we di_erentiate 1 2_z + z2 _ 1 2 and its Taylor series to obtain the equality _ z (1 2_z + z2) 3
2

= 1X
n=1

nPn(_)zn 1 ) _ z p 1 2_z + z2 = (1 2_z + z2) 1X

n=1

nPn(_)zn 15 Hence, 1X
n=0

_Pn(_)zn 1X
n=0

Pn(_)zn+1 = 1X
n=0

nPn(_)zn 1X
n=0

2_nPn(_)zn + 1X
n=0

nPn(_)zn+1 Invoking elementary limit properties and using the fact that a function is zero if and only if all its Taylor coe_cients are zero, we may equate terms to obtain the recurrence _Pn+1(_) Pn(_) = (n + 2)Pn+2(_) 2_(n + 1)Pn+1(_) + nPn(_) ) Pn+2(_) = 1 n+2

[(2n + 3)_Pn+1(_) So, P2(_) = 1 2 3_2 1 _ P3(_) = 1 3 _ 5_ 1 2 (3_2 1) _ = 1 2

(n + 1)Pn(_)]

2_

5_3 3_ _ P4(_) = 1 4 _ 7_ 1 2 (5_3 3_) 3 1 2 (3_2 1) _ = 1 8 (35_4 30_2 + 3)

5.1.2 Exercise 3
Observe that sin(z) z = 1 z 1X
n=0

( 1)n (2n + 1)! z2n+1 = 1X

n=0

( 1)n (2n + 1)! z2n

So, sin(z) z 6= 0 in some open disk about z = 0. Hence, the function z 7! log _
sin(z) z

_ is holomorphic in an open disk about z = 0, where we take the principal branch of the logarithm. Substituting, log _ sin(z) z _ = log _ 1 _ 1 sin(z) z __ = 1X
m=1

_ 1 P1
n=0 ( 1)n (2n+1)!

z2n

_m m = 1X
m=1 1

z2 1 5! z4 + 1 7! z6 [z8] _m m Set P(z) = 1 3! z2 1 5! z4. Then log _ sin(z) z _ = _ z6 7! + P(z) + [z8] 1 + P(z)2 + [z8]
3!

2 + P(z)3 + [z8] 3 _ = _ z2 3! z4 5! + z6 7! + 1 2 _ z4 (3!)2 2z6 (3!)(5!) _ + z6 3(3!)3 + [z8] _ = 1 6 z2 1 180 z4 1 2835 z6 + [z8]

Partial Fractions and Factorization

5.2.1 Exercise 1
From Ahlfors p. 189, we obtain for jzj < 1, z_ cot(_z) = z 1 z +2 1X
n=1

z z2 n2 ! = 1 2z2 1X
n=1