Code No: R059211401 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. A gas undergoes two processes that are in series. The first process is an expansion
that is carried out according to the law PV = constant, and the second process
is a Constant pressure process that returns the gas to the initial volume of the
first process. The start of the first process is at 400 KPa and 0.025 m3 with the
expansion to 200 KPa. Sketch the process on a P-V diagram, and determine the
work of the combined process. [16]

2. (a) Write the steady flow energy equation and point out the significance of various
terms involved.
(b) Air at 100 KPa and 290 K flows steadily through a compressor at a rate of
5 m3/sec. During the compression process, the pressure and temperature of
air are respectively raised to 250 KPa and 400 K. There is also a heat loss
of 15 KJ/s to the cooling water. Determine the power required to drive the
compressor. Neglect changes in kinetic energy and potential energy. Take for
air Cp=1.005 KJ/Kg-K and R = 0.287 KJ/Kg-K. [6+10]

3. (a) With a schematic representation explain briefly about heat engine, refrigerator
and heat pump
(b) Define COP of a refrigerator
(c) A certain machine works on reversed car not cycle between the temperature
limits of -80 C and 250 C. Find its COP when working as [9+1+6]
i. A refrigerating machine
ii. Heat pump and efficiency when working as heat engine.

4. (a) Represent Otto Cycle on P-V and T-S diagram. Analyze the cycle and deduce
an expression for air standard efficiency in terms of compression ratio?
(b) An oil engine working on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio
14 and the explosion ratio obtained from an indicator card is 1.4. If the cut
off occur at 6 percent of stroke. Find the ideal efficiency take for air γ = 1.4
[6+10]

5. (a) Enumerate the applications of Joule‘s cycle.

(b) Show with the help of diagrams the differences between theoretical and actual
vapour compression cycles. [10+6]

6. (a) Explain the working of Evaporating Cooling System.

(b) Name the components of water cooling system and explain in detail. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 1
7. (a) What are main functions of carburetor in S.I. Engine?
(b) Describe the working principle of simple carburetor with suitable diagram.
[6+10]

8. (a) Explain different applications of gas turbine power cycles.

(b) Draw the schematic diagram of closed cycle gas turbine and explain its work-
ing. [6+10]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Write the differences between system and control volume.

(b) An engine cylinder has a piston of area 0.12 m2 and contains gas at a pressure
of 1.5 MPa. The gas expands according to a process which is represented
by a straight line on a pressure-volume diagram. The final pressure is 0.15
MPa. Calculate the work done by the gas on the piston if the stroke is 0.30
m. [6+10]

2. A gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of the following processes: (i)

Process 1-2: Constant pressure, P=1.4 bar, V1 = 0.028 m3 , W12 = 10.5 KJ, (ii)
Process 2-3 compression with PV = constant, U3 = U2 , (iii) Process 3-1: Constant
volume, U1 − U3 = -26.4 KJ. There are no significant changes in KE and PE. (a)
sketch the cycle on a P-V diagram (b) Calculate the net work H for the
H cycle in KJ
(c) calculate the heat transfer for process 1-2 (d) show that δQ = δW. [16]

3. (a) With a schematic representation explain briefly about heat engine, refrigerator
and heat pump
(b) Define COP of a refrigerator
(c) A certain machine works on reversed car not cycle between the temperature
limits of -80 C and 250 C. Find its COP when working as [9+1+6]
i. A refrigerating machine
ii. Heat pump and efficiency when working as heat engine.

4. (a) Define mean effective pressure? What is its importance in reciprocating en-
gines?
(b) In an air standard Diesel cycle, the compression rate is 16, and at the beginning
of isotrophic compression, the temperature is 150 C and the pressure is 1 bar.
Heat is added until the temperature at the end of the constant pressure process
is 14800 C. Calculate [4+12]
i. Cut-off ratio
ii. Heat supplied per kg of air
iii. Cycle efficiency
iv. M.E.P.

5. (a) Show the vapour compression cycle on p-h diagram for the following cases:
i. When vapour ids dry and saturated at the end of compression
ii. When the vapour is super heated after compression

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 2
(b) State the merits and demerits of an Air refrigeration system. [4+4+8]

6. (a) Give classification of Internal Combustion engines.

(b) How does a two-stroke engine differ from a four-stroke engine? [8+8]

7. (a) How to achieve rich fuel air mixture in S.I. Engine. Under what operating
conditions rich mixture is required.
(b) Describe the effect of different operating parameters on ignition delay in C.I.
Engine combustion. [8+8]

8. (a) What are different assumption made in evaluation of thermal efficiency of

Brayton cycle and derive the thermal efficiency equation.
(b) A gas turbine plant is supplied with air at a pressure of 1 bar and 300 K. The
air is then compressed to a pressure of 5 bar and then heated to 8500 C in the
combustion chamber. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. [8+8]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) State whether the following properties of a system are intensive or extensive.
Give justification:
pressure, temperature, mass, density, volume, specific volume, energy and
velocity.
(b) A mass of 2.5 kg of air is compressed in a quasi static process from 0.1 MPa to
0.7 MPa for which PV = constant. The initial specific volume is 0.80 m3 /kg.
Find the work done by the piston to compress the air [8+8]

2. A thermodynamic system operates under steady flow conditions, the fluid entering
at 2 bar and leaving at 10 bar. The entry velocity is 30 m/s and exit velocity is 10
m/s. During the process 25 MJ/hr of heat is supplied and the increase in enthalpy
is 5 KJ/kg. The exit point is 20 m above the entry point. Determine the work
from the system if fluid flow rate is 45 Kg/min. [16]

3. (a) State and explain

i. Kelvin - Planck Statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
ii. Clausius statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
(b) An engine is to be designed to produce 0.735KW by taking continuously
6000kJ/h from heat source which is at 505K. The heat sink is atmosphere
i.e., sink temperature is atmospheric. Calculate the efficiency of car not cycle.
The atmospheric temperature varies from 380 C in summer and 00 c in winter.
Comment on the performance of the engine [8+8]

4. (a) Discuss the use of air standard cycle analysis for study of Internal Combustion
engines?
(b) An oil engine working on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio
14 and the explosion ratio obtained from an indicator card is 1.4. If the cut
off occur at 6 percent of stroke. Find the ideal efficiency take for air γ = 1.4
[6+10]

5. (a) With the help of T and P-V diagrams, explain the working of simple Rankine
cycle.
(b) Define ton of refrigeration. Discuss the applications of refrigeration. [10+6]

6. (a) For a diesel engine, give the lay-out of the fuel system naming the essential
components and explain their roles.

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 3
(b) Why do designers go for multicylinder engines for heavy loads and name some
multicylinder engine types. [10+6]

7. (a) Explain different stages of combustion in S.I.Engine along with p-θ diagram.
(b) What is diesel knock? How to minimize knocking in C.I. Engine. [8+8]

8. (a) Derive the work ratio and thermal efficiency of gas turbine cycle.
(b) A gas turbine cycle receives air at 1 bar and 298 K and compressed to a pres-
sure of 8 bar isentropically and heated to a temperature of 1173 K. Calculate
the power developed, work ratio and thermal efficiency if mass flow rate of air
is 4 kg/s. [6+10]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMAL SCIENCE
( Common to Mechatronics and Production Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define thermodynamic work. When a work is said to be done by a system?

What are positive and negative work interactions.
(b) Air initially at 300 KPa pressure and 0.02m3 volume expands according to the
law PV=constant until the pressure reduces to 150 KPa. Subsequently it is
compressed at constant pressure to its original volume of 0.02m3 . Sketch the
process on P-V diagram and calculate the work interaction per unit mass of
air. [6+10]

2. (a) What do you understand by thermometric property and thermometric sub-

stance?
(b) Establish the correlation between centigrade and Fahrenheit temperature scales
[8+8]

3. (a) State and explain

i. Kelvin - Planck Statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
ii. Clausius statement of II nd Law of thermodynamics
(b) An engine is to be designed to produce 0.735KW by taking continuously
6000kJ/h from heat source which is at 505K. The heat sink is atmosphere
i.e., sink temperature is atmospheric. Calculate the efficiency of car not cycle.
The atmospheric temperature varies from 380 C in summer and 00 c in winter.
Comment on the performance of the engine [8+8]

4. (a) Discuss the use of air standard cycle analysis for study of Internal Combustion
engines?
(b) An oil engine working on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio
14 and the explosion ratio obtained from an indicator card is 1.4. If the cut
off occur at 6 percent of stroke. Find the ideal efficiency take for air γ = 1.4
[6+10]

5. In an open cycle air refrigeration machine, air is drawn from a cold chamber at-2o C
and 1 bar and compressed to 11 bar. It is then cooled at this pressure, to the cooler
temperature of 200 C and then expanded in expansion cylinder and returned to the
cold room. The compression and expansion are isentropic, and follow the low pv 1.3
=constant. Sketch the p-v and T-s diagrams of the cycle and the for a refrigeration
of 15 tonnes, find: 1. theoretical C.O.P; 2. rate of the air in kg/min ; 3. piston
displacement per minute in the compressor and expander ; and 4. theoretical power
per tonne of refrigeration. [16]

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Code No: R059211401 Set No. 4
6. (a) What is the function of a fan in cooling system? Is it always required?
(b) Discuss the merits and the demerits of air and water cooling systems. [6+10]

7. (a) How to achieve rich fuel air mixture in S.I. Engine. Under what operating
conditions rich mixture is required.
(b) Describe the effect of different operating parameters on ignition delay in C.I.
Engine combustion. [8+8]

8. (a) What are different assumption made in evaluation of thermal efficiency of

Brayton cycle and derive the thermal efficiency equation.
(b) A gas turbine plant is supplied with air at a pressure of 1 bar and 300 K. The
air is then compressed to a pressure of 5 bar and then heated to 8500 C in the
combustion chamber. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle. [8+8]

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