Computer Aided Drafting

or Engineering Drawing Using Computer

Dr. Majdi Alkhresheh College of Engineering Mutah University Lecture 3

Modify: Scale
M: Modify\ Scale T: C : Sc To Scale an abject: reduce or enlarge its size uniformly. Suppose you have a rectangle (100,50), and you need to scale it to twice its size (200,100).
PC Prompt Select Objects Select Objects Specify base point Specify scale factor Or Specify reference length Specify new length Your Response Select the rectangle Enter or space bar to finish selecting Select the lower left corner if you want this exact point to stay in its place. Enter 2 to double the size of the edges of the rectangle. divert to R (reference) Enter an existing dimension, i.e. (100) Enter the new dimension; 200.

Modify: Stretch
M: Modify\ Stretch T: C:S To stretch one side of an object. Say that you have a rectangle (100, 50). You want to make (200, 50).
PC Prompt Select Objects Select Objects Specify base point Specify second point Your Response Select the rectangle by crossing on the side of stretch Enter or space bar to finish selecting Click any where in the drawing area. @ 100<0; this should stretch the object 100 units to the right.

Modify: Extend
M: Modify\ Extend T: C : Ex
To extend a line to another line. Say that you have line AB which short, and needs to be extended to touch another line CD.
PC Prompt Select objects Select objects Select object to extend Select object to extend Your Response Select the other line (line CD) Enter or space bar to finish selecting Click on line AB (the short line). Click on its side that is closer to line CD. Enter or space bar to finish command

Modify: Break
M: Modify\ Break T: C : Br
To Break a line either at a point, or take a segment out of it. Suppose you want to do that with line AB.
PC Prompt Select objects Specify second break point or [first point] Specify first break point Specify second break point Your Response Select line AB any where. Enter F to determine the first point exactly, if you did not do that in the first step. Click on some where on the line to determine the first breaking point ( say midpoint) Click on some where on the line to determine the second breaking point ( say somewhere to the right of it)

Draw: Polyline
M: Draw\ Polyline T: C : Pl
To Draw a Polyline, or Pline, which is a multi line object that is one unit. Examples of polyline are polygons and rectangles. A polyline line does not have to be closed.

PC Prompt Specify start point Specify next point Specify next point Specify next point Specify next point

Your Response Click any where the drawing area. For example, @100<0, if you want to create the first segment as such. For example, @20<90, if you want to create the first segment as such. For example, @20<180, if you want to create the first segment as such. Enter or space bar to finish command

Note: The resulting object is unbroken (one unit). I.e. You can click once on it to erase it. To bring it back to three separate segment use explode from modify toolbar.

Draw: Polyline
M: Draw\ Polyline T: C : Pl
Here we will introduce some more options: first introducing an arc instead of the second segment in the previous example

PC Prompt
Specify start point Specify next point Specify next point Specify end point Specify Radius of arc Specify end point of arc Specify end point of arc Specify next point Specify next point

Your Response
Click any where the drawing area. For example, @100<0, if you want to create the first segment as such. Enter a, to divert to arc Here you can click to determine the end point, or enter R, to specify the radius of the arc, so lets enter R Enter 10, for example @20<90. Since you dont need to draw another arc, divert to line and enter L. @20<180, to finish the third segment. Enter or space bar to end command

Draw: Polyline
M: Draw\ Polyline T: C : Pl Here we will determine the arc direction: suppose that the arc is to be drawn in the other direction, some changes will be made.
PC Prompt
Specify start point Specify next point Specify next point Specify end point Specify the tangent direction for the start point of the arc Specify end point of arc Specify end point of arc Specify next point Specify next point

Your Response
Click any where the drawing area. For example, @100<0, if you want to create the first segment as such. Enter a, to divert to arc D, to divert to specify the direction of the arc Enter 180, to flip the direction to the left @20<90. Divert to line and enter L. @20<180, to finish the third segment. Enter or space bar to end command

Draw: Polyline
M: Draw\ Polyline T: C : Pl Other subcommands in the polyline command: Close: you can enter c (Close), after drawing at least two segments. This connect the current point to the start point of the polyline and closes the it. Length: after drawing the first segment, you can enter L (length), to determine the length of the previous segment. Undo: to cancel the last click you did. Width and half width: to determine the width of the polyline. Note: you can draw a spline (sp) in the same manner as polyline. However, it allows to create curves directly (free hand)

Draw: Ellipse
M: Draw\ Ellipse T: C : El Here we will draw an ellipse. Say the ellipse longer axis is 100 units, and its shorter axis is 50 units.
PC Prompt Specify axis endpoint of ellipse Specify the other endpoint of the ellipse Specify Distance to other axis Your Response Click any where the drawing area. @ 100<0 Enter 25. the distance is half the value of the other axis

Note: you can use the option Rotation instead, if you like to rotate around the major axis: The angle 0 gives a full circle, while 89, collapses the ellipse to as flat as it can be. ( very small short axis)

Draw: Ellipse arc

M: Draw\ Ellipse \Arc T: C : El \A Here we will draw an arc that is part of an ellipse. Say the ellipse right part of the previous ellipse.
PC Prompt Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc Specify the other endpoint of the ellipse Specify Distance to other axis Specify start angle Specify End angle Your Response Click any where the drawing area. @ 100<0 Enter 25. the distance is half the value of the other axis 90 -90

Modify: Chamfer
M: Modify\ Chamfer T: C : Cha
To chamfer a corner, or corners of rectangles, polygons, and 3D solids: To chamfer a corner of two lines: Example: Each line length is 50 units

PC Prompt
Select first line Specify first chamfer distance Specify second chamfer distance Select first line

Your Response
Reject, and divert to D (Distance) to determine the chamfering distances Enter first chamfer distance; 10 for example. Enter second chamfer distance; 20 for example. Click on first line

Select second line Click on second line Option: to set a chamfer back to 0, hold the shift key, conduct chamfer command, then press on the shift key, and select the two chamfered lines To chamfer a polygon or a rectangle or a polyline, choose P (polyline) when prompted select first line, then select the object, it should chamfer all edges. Trim option is an on/off button to determine if the lines of the chamfered corner should stay or go. Multiple: allows for the continuation of the command after chamfering the first corner, and allows to chamfer more corners.

Modify: Fillet
M: Modify\ Fillet T: C:F
To fillet (create a rounded corner) for a rectangles, a polygon, and 3D solids: To fillet a corner of two lines: Example: Each line length is 50 units

PC Prompt
Select first line Specify the first object

Your Response
Reject, and divert to R (Radius) to determine the radius Select the first line

Option: you can fillet a rectangle or a polygon by diverting to P (polyline) when prompted to select first object. This should allow to fillet all corners of the polygon or the polyline. Trim: is an option is set to 0, means the corner lines will be trimmed, if to 1, it means the corner lines will remain.