GIO N THC TP

BI 46 : BEZEN V ANKYLBENZEN
(TIT 2)
Tit
: 62 - NC
Ngy son : ngy 04 thng 3 nm 2013

I. Mc tiu.
1. Kin thc.
- Bit c tnh cht ha hc ca benzen.
- Bit c iu ch v ng dng ca benzen.
2. K nng.
- Vit cc phng trnh ha hc.
3. Trng tm.
- Tnh cht ha hc ca benzen.
II. Phng php dy hc.
- Thuyt trnh, vn p.
III. Chun b.
- Gio vin chun b mt s bi tp cng c.
IV. Tin trnh ln lp.
1. n nh lp v kim tra bi c.
Cu hi : Vit cc ng phn cu to v gi tn cc cht ng vi CTPT C 9H12.\
2. Vo bi.
HOT NG
CA GIO VIN
Hot ng 1 :
- GV : Cc em hy
nu c im cu
trc phn t ca
benzen, t d
on tnh cht ha
hc ca cc Aren.

HOT NG
CA HC SINH

NI DUNG BI HC

BENZEN V ANKYL BENZEN

TIT 2
HS :
III. Tnh cht ha hc.
- Benzen c cu to
- Benzen c cu to mch vng khp kn
mch vng khp
- C h lin kt lin hp.
kn, c h lin kt => Hp cht bn vng nn d th kh cng.
lin hp.
=> Hp cht bn
vng nn d th
kh cng.
1

- GV : Vit PTP
ca benzen vi
brom.
V Brombenzen vi - HS : Ln bng
Br2
vit PTP.
- Yu cu HS ln
bng vit phn ng
ca Toluen vi
brom v hng dn
HS to thnh hn
hp ng phn ortho
v para.
HS : Ln bng vit
PTP.
- GV : Gii thch
phn ng trn l
theo t l 1 : 1, nu
dng d Br2 sn
phm s nh th no
? (Yu cu HS ln
bng vit PTP).
- GV : Nu khng
dng bt st m
chiu sng th cc
halogen s th hidro
nhm th ankyl
ging nh ankan.
- GV : Yu cu HS
ln
bng
vit
phng trnh phn
ng ca toluen vi - HS : Ln bng
Cl2 vi iu kin l vit PTP.
chiu nh sng.

- GV : Hng dn
HS vit PTP ca
benzen vi axit
nitric
v
nitro
benzen vi axit
nitrc, gii thch cho

1. Phn ng th.
a) Phn ng halogen ha.
- Benzen tc dng vi Br2 khan (hay Cl2) khi
c xc tc bt Fe to thnh brombenzen (phenyl
bromua) v kh hidro bromua.

- Toluen phn ng th nhanh hn benzen v to ra

hn hp ng phn ortho v para.

- Khi khng dng bt st m chiu sng th s

xy ra nhm th ankyl.

=> nhm th C6H5 gi l phenyl, C6H5CH2 gi

l benzyl.
b) Phn ng nitro ha.
- Benzen tc dng mi hn hp HNO3 c-bc
khi v H2SO4 m c to thnh nitrobenzene, v
nitrobenzene tc dng vi HNO3 to minitrobenzen.

HS nhm NO2 gi
l nhm nitro.

- GV : Yu cu HS
ln bng vit PTP
ca Toluen vi axit
nitric theo t l 1 : 1
v dng d axit
nitric.

- Toluen tham gia phn ng d dng hn

benzen, ch cn HNO3 c. To thnh sn phm
th vo v tr ortho v para.

- Gii thiu cho HS

2,4,6-trinitro toluen
l thuc n TNT.

- Nu dng d HNO3 th sn phm to thnh

2,4,6- trinitro toluen (thuc n TNT).

- GV : Nu quy tc
th vng benzen
cho HS l ch ra
nhng PTP trn
lam v d.

c) Quy tc th vng benzen.

- Nhm th loi 1 : l nhng nhm th m trong
phn t ch ch lin kt (nh nhm ankyl, -OH,NH2 , -OCH3 .. ) u tin th vo v tr ortho v
para.
- Nhm th loi 2 : l nhng nhm th m trong
phn t c lin kt (nh nhm NO2,
CHO, COOH.) u tin th vo v tr meta.
d) C ch phn ng th vng benzen.
- Cc em theo di SGK trang 190.

- GV : C ch phn
ng cc em theo di
SGK.

Hot ng 2 :
- GV : Benzen khi
tham gia phn ng
cng s b mt ht
cc lin kt to
thnh
vng
no
- HS : Ln bng
xicloankan.
vit PTP.
- Yu cu HS ln
bng vit PTP.

2. Phn ng cng.
- Benzen v ankylbenzen khng lm mt mu
dung dch Br2, khi chiu sng benzen c th cng
vi Cl2, Br2(nguyn cht).

- Khi un nng c xc tc Ni, benzen v

ankylbenzen cng vi hiro to thnh xicloankan.

Hot ng 3 :
- GV : Benzen
khng tc dng vi
dung dch KMnO4
(khng lm mt mu
dung dch KMnO4),
nhng toluen v cc
ankyl benzen khc
li lm mt mu
dung dch KMnO4
khi un nng.
- Vit cc PTP oxi
ha v Aren.

3. Phn ng oxi ha
- Benzen khng tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4
(khng lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4), nhng
toluen v cc ankyl benzen khc li lm mt mu
dung dch KMnO4 khi un nng.

- Ngoi ra benzen v ankylbenzen khi chy

trong khng kh thng to ra mun than.
CnH2n 6 +

3n 3
O2
2

nCO2 + (n 3)H2O

Hot ng 4 :
- GV : Nu
phng php
ch
benzen
ankylbenzen.
- Yu cu HS
cc phn ng
ch benzen.

IV. iu ch v ng dng.
1. iu ch.
- Benzen , toluen , xilen . . . thng c tc
ra t phng php chng ct nha than hoc
du m..
- Tch Hidro t cc ankan hoc xiclankan.
VD:
xt ,t
C6H6 + 4H2
CH3[CH2]4CH3
4 H

cc
iu
v
vit
iu

xt ,t o
4 H 2

C6H5CH3 + 4H2
CH3[CH2]5CH3
o

xt ,t
C6H6+CH2 = CH2
C6H5CH2CH3

2. ng dng.

- GV : Yu cu HS
nu cc ng dng
ca benzen.

Hot ng 5 : Cng
c.
HS lm bi tp trong
phiu hc tp.
Bi tp cng c
Cu 1: t chy 16,2 g 1 cht hu c (A) thu c 1,2 mol CO 2 ; 0,9 mol H2O. 150 < MA <
170.Cng thc phn t ca A l:
A. C8H10

B. C9H12

C. C10H14

D. C12H18

Cu 2: phn bit benzen, toluen, ta ch dng 1 thuc th duy nht l:

A.Brom (dd)
C.KMnO4 (dd)

B.Br2 (Fe)
D.Br2 (dd) hoc KMnO4(dd)
5

Cu 3: ng dng no benzen khng c:

A.Lm dung mi
C.Lm nhin liu

B.Tng hp monome
D.Dng trc tip lm dc phm

Cu 4:t chy ht 9,18 g 2 ng ng ca benzen A,B thu c 8,1 g H 2O v CO2.Dn ton

b lng CO2 vo 100ml dd NaOH 1M thu c m g mui.Gi tr ca m v thnh phn ca
mui:
A.64,78 g (2 mui)
C.31,92g(NaHCO3)

B.64,78g (Na2CO3)
D.10,6g (Na2CO3)

Cu 5:Phn ng no khng iu ch c Toluen?

AlCl ;t
A.C6H6 + CH3Cl
C.kh H2 metylxiclohexan
3

B. kh H2,ng vng benzen

D.tam hp propin.

V. Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn:

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Ch k ca GVHD :

PHM TH HI YN

Nng, ngy 04 thng 03 nm 2013

Ngi son

HONG CH DNG