TRNG THPT CHUYN QUC HC HU THI TH I HC LN 1

T Ton Mn: TON; khi D Nm hc: 2013 - 2014

Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian pht )
---------------------------------
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (7,0 im)
Cu 1 (2,0 im). Cho hm s
2 1
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
.
a) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s cho.
b) Tm m ng thng y x m = + ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho tam gic OAB vung
ti O (vi O l gc ta ).
Cu 2 (1,0 im). Gii phng trnh: ( )
2
tan 1 sin cos 2 0 x x x + + = ( ) x .
Cu 3 (1,0 im). Gii h phng trnh:
( )
2
3 2 2
2 2 2
2 3

+ + =

+ = +

x y y x
x x x x y y
( ) ; x y .
Cu 4 (1,0 im). Gii phng trnh: ( ) ( )
2
3
27 3
3
1
log log 4 log 2
4
x x x + + = ( ) x .
Cu 5 (1,0 im). Cho hnh lng tr tam gic ABC.A'B'C' c y ABC l tam gic vung cn ti B; AB = a. Hnh chiu
vung gc ca im A' ln mt phng (ABC) l im H thuc cnh AC sao cho HC = 2HA. Mt bn (ABB'A') hp vi
mt y (ABC) mt gc bng 60
o
. Tnh theo a th tch ca khi lng tr ABC.A'B'C' v khong cch gia hai ng
thng AB v CC'.
Cu 6 (1,0 im). Cho x v y l hai s thc dng thay i sao cho 1 x y + = . Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
2 2
1 1
x y
P
y x
= +
+ +
.
II. PHN RING (3,0 im): Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn ( phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun
Cu 7a (1,0 im). Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, vit phng trnh ng trn i qua ba im ( ) 3; 1 , A
( ) 1;3 B v ( ) 2; 2 C .
Cu 8a (1,0 im). Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hnh vung ABCD. Gi M, N ln lt l trung im ca
cc cnh AB v CD. Bit rng
1
; 2
2
M
| |

|
\
v ng thng BN c phng trnh 2 9 34 0 x y + = . Tm ta cc im
A v B bit rng im B c honh m.
Cu 9a (1,0 im). Tm s hng khng cha x trong khai trin nh thc Niu-tn ca
3
2
1
3
n
x
x
| |

|
\
vi 0 x , bit rng
n l s nguyn dng v ( )
2
2
2 4 5 . 3 .
n
n n n
P n P A

+ =
A. Theo chng trnh Nng cao
Cu 7b (1,0 im). Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, vit phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) bit rng elip (E) c
hai tiu im
1
F v
2
F vi
( ) 1
3; 0 F v c mt im M thuc elip (E) sao cho tam gic
1 2
FMF c din tch bng 1
v vung ti M.
Cu 8b (1,0 im). Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy, cho hnh thoi ABCD c AC = 2BD. Bit ng thng AC c
phng trnh 2 1 0 x y = ; nh ( ) 3;5 A v im B thuc ng thng + = : 1 0 d x y . Tm ta cc nh B, C, D
ca hnh thoi ABCD.
Cu 9b (1,0 im). Cn chn ngu nhin 5 hc sinh trong mt lp hc c 15 nam v 10 n tham gia ng din. Tnh
xc sut sao cho 5 hc sinh c chn c c nam ln n v s hc sinh n t hn s hc sinh nam.

-------------HT-------------

Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu. Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm.
H v tn th sinh:..S bo danh:

Cm nbn(bonghong79@yahoo.com)gitiwww.laisac.page.tl
TRNG THPT CHUYN QUC HC P N TH I HC LN 1
T Ton Mn: TON; khi D Nm hc: 2013 - 2014
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cu p n im
1a

Tp xc nh: { } \ 1 D =
S bin thin:
- Chiu bin thin:
( )
2
1
' 0, 1
1
y x
x
= >
+
.
Hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ) ; 1 v ( ) 1; + .
0,25
- Gii hn v tim cn: lim lim 2
x x
y y
+
= = ; tim cn ngang: 2 y = .

( ) 1
lim
x
y

= + v
( ) 1
lim
x
y
+

= ; tim cn ng: 1 x = .
0,25
- Bng bin thin:

0,25
th:

0,25
1b
Phng trnh honh giao im:
2 1
1
x
x m
x
+
= +
+

( ) ( ) 2 1 1 x x x m + = + + (do 1 x = khng l nghim ca phng trnh)
( )
2
1 1 0 x m x m + + = (1)
0,25
ng thng y x m = + ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B khi v ch khi (1) c hai nghim
phn bit
2
6 5 0 5 m m m + > > hoc 1 m < . (*)
Ba im O, A, B khng thng hng 0 m . (**)
0,25
Gi ( )
1 1
; A x y v ( )
2 2
; B x y , trong
1 2
; x x l hai nghim ca (1) v
1 1 2 2
; y x m y x m = + = + .
Tam gic OAB vung ti O ( )
2
1 2 1 2
. 0 2 0 OAOB x x m x x m = + + + =


( ) ( )
2
2 1 1 0 m m m m + + =
0,25

2
3 2 0
3
m m = = (tha (*) v (**))
Vy vi
2
3
m = th ng thng y x m = + ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho tam
gic OAB vung ti O.

0,25
2
2
-1
-
+
x
y'
y
- +
+
+
x
y
2
-1
1
O
2 iu kin: cos 0 x .
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
( )
2 2 2
sin
1 sin cos sin 0
cos
x
x x x
x
| |
+ + =
|
\

0,25
( ) ( )( )
2
cos sin sin cos sin cos sin cos 0 x x x x x x x x + + + =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
cos sin sin cos sin cos 0
cos sin 2 sin 2 0 (1)
x x x x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ =

0,25
V phng trnh 2 sin 2 0 x = v nghim nn:
0,25
( ) ( ) 1 cos sin 0 tan 1
4
x x x x k k

+ = = = + (tha mn iu kin).
Ch : Nu th sinh khng ghi k th khng tr im.
0,25
3
( )
2
3 2 2 2
2 2 2 (1)
2 3 (2)
x y y x
x x y x x y

+ + =

+ + = +

iu kin:
2
2 2 0 x y + . (Nu th sinh khng t iu kin th khng tr im)
( ) ( )( )
2
2 2 0 x y x x y x y + = = hoc
2
2 0 x x y + = .
0,25
T (1) suy ra 2 0 x y nn
2
2
0
2 0 0
2 0
=
+ = = =

x
x x y x y
x y
(khng tha (1))
0,25
Thay y x = vo (1), ta c: ( )
2
2 2
0
1 2 2 1
2 2
x
x x x x
x x x

+ = =

+ =

.
0,25
Vi 1 x = , ta c 1 y = (tha iu kin)
Vy h phng trnh c mt nghim ( ) ( ) ; 1;1 x y =
0,25
4 iu kin: 0 2 x <
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: ( )
3 3 3
log log 4 log 2 x x x + + =
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( )
3 3
log 4 log 2 x x x + = (


( ) 4 2 x x x + = (1)
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V ( ) 4 0 x x + > nn ( )
2 2
2 2
2 4 3 2 0
5 33
1 1 2
2
2 4 5 2 0
x x x x x
x x x
x x x x x
= + + + =

= = =

= + =


0,25
i chiu vi iu kin, ta c
5 33
2
x
+
= l nghim ca phng trnh cho. 0,25
5
D
H
C'
B'
A
B
C
A'
K

Gi D l hnh chiu vung gc ca H ln cnh
AB.
Ta c: ( ) '
'
AB DH
AB A HD
AB A H


`

)
.
Suy ra gc gia hai mt phng (ABC) v (ABB'A')
l gc

' A DH .


0,25
Ta c:
3
' . tan 60
3
o
a
A H DH = = ;
2
1
.
2 2
ABC
a
S BA BC

= = .
Do :
3
. ' ' '
3
. '
6
ABC A B C ABC
a
V S A H

= = .
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( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ', ', ( ' ') , ( ' ') 3 , ( ' ') d CC AB d CC ABB A d C ABB A d H ABB A = = = .
Gi K l hnh chiu vung gc ca H ln cnh A'D.
Ta c: ( ) ' AB A HD AB KH . Mt khc ' HK A D nn ( ) ' HK A AD , do :
( ) , ( ' ') d H ABB A HK = .
0,25
Ta c:
3 3
.sin 60 ( ', ) .
6 2
o
a a
HK HD d CC AB = = =
Ch : Th sinh c th dng phng php ta trong khng gian gii bi ny.
0,25
6
1 1 x y y x + = = , thay vo P ta c:
( )
( )
2 2
1
1
1 1
x x
P f x
x
x

= + =
+
+
vi 0 1 x < < .
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 3 2 3
2 2
1 1
1 1
'
1
1 1
1
1 1
x x x x
f x
x
x
x
x

= +
+
+ ( +
+

.
0,25

Ta c
1
' 0
2
f
| |
=
|
\
.
Vi
1
1
2
x < < , ta c ( )
2
2
0 1 1 1 x x < + < + nn
( )
2 2
1 1
0
1
1 1
x
x
>
+
+
v
( )
( )
( )
( )
3 3
2 2
1 1
0
1
1 1
x x x x
x
x

>
( +
+

, do ( ) ' 0 f x > .
Tng t, vi
1
0
2
x < < , ta c ( ) ' 0 f x < .
Vy
1
2
x = l nghim duy nht ca ( ) ' 0 f x = trn khong ( ) 0;1 .
0,25
Bng bin thin:

0,25

Vy
2
min
5
P = khi
1
2
x y = = .
0,25
7a Phng trnh ng trn (C) i qua ba im A, B, C c dng:
( )
2 2
: 2 2 0 C x y ax by c + + + + = vi
2 2
0 a b c + > .
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V A, B, C thuc (C) nn ta c h phng trnh:
6 2 10
2 6 10
4 4 8
a b c
a b c
a b c
+ =

0,25
Gii h trn, ta c: 2; 1; 20 a b c = = = .
0,25
2
5
+
x
f '(x)
f (x )
1
1
2
- 0
0
Vy ( )
2 2
: 4 2 20 0 C x y x y + + = .
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8a
Ta c vect php tuyn ca ng thng BN l ( ) =

2;9 n .
Gi ( ) =

1
; n a b vi + >
2 2
0 a b l vect php tuyn ca ng thng AB.
Ta c ( ) = =
1
cos ,
5
BM
AB BN
BN
.
Mt khc ( )
+
= =
+


1
2 2
1
.
2 9
cos ,
. . 85
n n
a b
AB BN
n n a b
.
0,25

T ta c phng trnh:
=
+

= =

=
+

2 2
2 2
4
2 9
1
13 36 64 0
16
5
. 85
13
a b
a b
a ab b
a b
a b

0,25
Vi = 4 a b chn = = 4; 1 a b , ta c + = : 4 0 AB x y .
Ta ca B l nghim ca h phng trnh
+ = =

+ = =

4 0 1
2 9 34 0 4
x y x
x y y
(tha mn < 0
B
x ).
( ) ( ) 1;4 0;0 B A .
0,25

Vi =
16
13
a b chn = = 16; 13 a b , ta c + = :16 13 34 0 AB x y .
Ta ca B l nghim ca h phng trnh
+ =
=

+ =

16 13 34 0
4
2 9 34 0 5
x y
x
x y
v =
18
5
y (loi).
0,25
9a iu kin: 3; n n .
2
2
!
2 (4 5) 3 2. ! (4 5).( 2)! 3.
2!
n
n n n
n
P n P A n n n

+ = + =
0,25

( )

+ = =
=

2
3 ( 1)
2 ( 1) (4 5) 9 10 0
2
10
1 loi
n n
n n n n n
n
n

0,25

Khi
3 3
2 2
10
1 1
3 3
n
x x
x x
| | | |
=
| |
\ \
.
S hng tng qut:
( )
30 3
10
3 10
1 10 10 2 2
1
3 . .3 ( 1)
k
k
k
k k k k
k k
x
T C x C
x x

+
| |
= =
|
\
.
0,25

1 k
T
+
khng cha x khi 30 3 2 0 5 30 6 k k k k = = = .
Vy s hng khng cha x ca khai trin l:
6 4 6
10
.3 .( 1) 17010 C = .
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7b
Phng trnh chnh tc ca ( )
2 2
2 2
: 1
x y
E
a b
+ = vi 0 a b > > .
( )
2 2
1
3; 0 3 3 F c a b = = (1)
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Gi ( ) ;
M M
M x y . Ta c:
1 2
2
1 2
1 1 1 1
1 . 1 .2 3 1
2 2 3 3
F MF M M M M
S y FF y y y = = = = = .

o 2 2
1 2 1 2
90 . 0 3
M M
FMF MF MF x y = = + =

, suy ra
2
8
3
M
x = .
0,25
( )
2 2
8 1
1
3 3
M E
a b
+ = (2).
0,25
Gii h (1) v (2), ta c:
2 2
4; 1 a b = = . Vy ( )
2 2
: 1
4 1
x y
E + = . 0,25
8b
Gi ( ) ;2 1 I t t l giao im ca hai ng cho AC v BD v ( ) ';1 ' B t t .
Ta c ( ) ( ) 3 ;6 2 , ';2 ' 2 AI t t BI t t t t = = +


( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2
3 6 2 4 ' 2 ' 2 (1)
2
' 2 2 ' 2 0 (2)
t t t t t t
AI BI
AB BI
t t t t
(
+ = + +
=

+ + =

0,25

( ) 2 ' 4 5 t t = , thay vo (1), ta c:
( )
2
1 175 210 35 0 1 t t t + = = hoc
1
5
t = .
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Vi 1 t = , ta c ' 1 t = v ( ) 1;1 I . Khi ( ) ( ) ( ) 1;2 , 3;0 , 1; 3 B D C .
0,25

Vi
1
5
t = , ta c ' 3 t = v
1 3
;
5 5
I
| |

|
\
. Khi ( )
13 4 13 31
3; 2 , ; , ;
5 5 5 5
B D C
| | | |

| |
\ \
.
0,25
9b
S cch chn 5 hc sinh t 25 hc sinh l:
5
25
C .
0,25
S cch chn 5 hc sinh gm 1 n v 4 nam t 25 hc sinh l:
1 4
10 15
. C C .
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S cch chn 5 hc sinh gm 2 n v 3 nam t 25 hc sinh l:
2 3
10 15
. C C .
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Vy xc sut 5 hc sinh c chn c c nam ln n v s hc sinh n t hn s hc sinh nam l:
1 4 2 3
10 15 10 15
5
25
. . 325
506
C C C C
P
C
+
= = .
0,25

HT
Cm nbn(bonghong79@yahoo.com)gitiwww.laisac.page.tl