WRITING 3

MODUL 5 NARRATIVE 1

Sherlia Spring 2014

 Tells a story which focuses on an event (or a series of events) in the

past.

Fictional or factual Tells a story A narrative Chronological order

Main point or thesis

Have a focus

Organizing your essay in a way that leads up to the main point or event.

1. List the events

- Think about the story you want to tell. - If possible, narrow your focus. - Make a list of all the things that happened. - Read through the list and see if you want to add other events. - At this point you should have some ideas of the focus of your essay. - Go through your list and cross out any irrelevant events which. - Now, put numbers next to all the events in the order they occurred.

2. Put the events in order

3. Add details and - One paragraph for each of those events you have listed. - Give details for each of the items on your list. specific - Be sure to include what things looked like and what people said. information

OBJECTIVES
You are expected to be able to: Write compositions based on experiences Write short stories Write circular stories

1 WRITING EXPERIENCES
Grammar: Reported Speech

Writing Experiences
Usually written in the first

Needs a strong plan

person, however, third person can also be used.

Have one point

Points you need to remember: Choose one experience

Conclusion

you remember best. Write a general statement. Give sufficient details. State a conclusion.

A strong plan

Have one point

Conclusion

Grammar: Reported Speech

Reported speech is used to -

repeat the exact words that somebody said.

My mother told me, You have to work harder at school, or youll fail. - My mother told me that I had to work harder or that I would fail.

Rules for Forming Reported Speech

1. When reporting a statement, we generally use that.

Shirley said that she was hungry and that she wanted to eat soon. - George told me that he had never been to Iraq but that he wanted to go.

NO COMMA

2. When reporting a question, we use if for yes/no questions or the appropriate question words (5w+1h) for information questions.

Mom asked me if I was going to the party. Fred asked me when I would call him.

3a. The following verbs must be used with an indirect object: told, informed, reminded

- He told me that he was hungry. - We informed her that the store was closed. - He reminded the staff that the meeting was at 8 PM.

3b. The following verbs may be used with an indirect object, but the indirect object is optional: asked, answered, promised

I asked [her] where her father was. - He answered [me] that he couldnt help. - Jade promised [him] that she would stay.

3c. The following verbs need to before the indirect object. For any verb that needs to before the indirect object, the indirect object is optional: said, explained, exclaimed, complained

- Marvin said [to his wife] that he was late. - We explained [to her] why he had been so serious. - Pam exclaimed [to the boy] that she was furious. - The students complained [to us] that the room was too small.

4. In English we report commands, orders, requests and suggestions to other people in a five-part format:

Rules for Reporting Questions

5a. The normal form for asking a direct question is [W] X S V:

5b. In reported speech, a question is reported with the order W S [X] V.

Expressions that Change in Reported Speech

6. Certain expressions must change in the reported form of speech:

Tense Harmony or Sequencing

2 SHORT STORIES
Grammar: Past Tense
A legend A fabricated story

experiences

Grammar: Past Tense

Regular verb in the Past Tense Regular verbs in the past tense take an ed or d ending:

Irregular verb in the Past Tense Irregular verbs do not take an ed or d ending in the past but change internally

3 CIRCULAR STORIES
Grammar: Capital Letters

Circular stories begin and end with the same sentence.

4. Capitalize the names of persons. 1. Capitalize the first word in every sentence. 5. Capitalize geographical names.

2. Capitalize the pronoun I. 3. Capitalize proper nouns.

6. Capitalize names of organizations, business firms, institutions, and government bodies.

7. Capitalize special events and calendar items.

8. Capitalize the names of nationalities, races and religions.

9. Capitalize the brand names of business products.

10. Capitalize the names of ship, planets, monuments, awards, and any other places, things, or events.