Audiol. 2013;22(1):95-102.

Cases Series

A preliminary study of some pragmatic skills of hearing and

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hearing-impaired children by story retelling test

Farnoush Jarollahi1,2, Yahya Modarresi3, Zahra Agharasouli4, Salimeh Jafari4
1

- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran

- Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
3
- Department of Linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
4
- Department of Speech therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2

Received: 3 May 2012, accepted: 9 December 2012

Abstract
Background and Aim: Pragmatics refers to speech interactions and the social aspect of
communication in language contexts. Due to the crucial role of hearing in language skill development,
hearing-impaired children have problems with all aspects of language, including pragmatics. These
skills are crucial in childrens daily life. There is a lack of Persian studies on hearing-impaired
children. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to describe some pragmatic skills of hearing
and hearing-impaired children.
Methods: This descriptive case study was conducted on five hearing-impaired and two normal-hearing
6 year old children. Their pragmatic language skills were studied by the Persian story retelling test. in
a quiet room. The children's re-told story was recorded, analyzed, and scored.
Results: There was no difference between the scores of hearing and severe hearing-impaired children.
However, children with severe hearing loss and cochlear implant, and hearing children were different
in maintaining the subject and sequence of events. Children with profound hearing loss and hearing
aid, and hearing children had a significant difference in all aspects except main information. All
subjects used conjunctions correctly.
Conclusion: The pragmatic skills of hearing-impaired children are weaker than hearing children.
There are also differences between hearing-impaired children's abilities. This difference in pragmatic
skills shows the difference in amount of hearing loss, kind of assistive device, effective use of
remaining hearing, onset and quality of aural rehabilitation program, and other factors. Therefore, a
research with a greater sample size is necessary to explain these differences.
Keywords: Pragmatic skills, hearing loss, story retelling

Corresponding author: Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Nezam Alley, Shahid Shahnazari St., Madar Square, Mirdamad Blvd., Tehran, 15459-13487, Iran. Tel: 009821-222280512 ext. 404, E-mail: f-jarollahi@tums.ac.ir

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