C I R C U I T I D E A S

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C I R C U I T I D E A S
PRABHASH K.P.
RUPANJANA
T
he add-on ci rcui t presented here
i s useful for stereo systems. Thi s
ci rcui t has provi si on for connect-
i ng ster eo outputs fr om four di ffer ent
sources/channel s as i nputs and onl y one
of them i s sel ected/ connected to the
output at any one ti me.
When power suppl y i s tur ned on,
channel A (A2 and A1) i s sel ected. I f no
audi o i s present i n channel A, the ci r-
cui t wai ts for some ti me and then se-
l ects the next channel (channel B), Thi s
search operati on conti nues unti l i t de-
tects audi o si gnal i n one of the chan-
nel s. The i nter -channel wai t or del ay
ti me can be adjusted wi th the hel p of
pr es et VR1. I f s ti l l l onger ti me i s
needed, one may r epl ace capaci tor C1
wi th a capaci tor of hi gher val ue.
Suppose channel A i s connected to
a tape recorder and channel B i s con-
nected to a r adi o r ecei ver . I f i ni ti al l y
channel A i s sel ected, the audi o fr om
the tape recorder wi l l be present at the
output. After the tape i s pl ayed com-
pl etel y, or i f ther e i s suffi ci ent pause
between consecuti ve recordi ngs, the ci r-
cui t automati cal l y swi tches over to the
output fr om the r adi o r ecei v er . To
manual l y ski p over from one (sel ected)
acti ve channel , si mpl y push the ski p
swi tch (S1) momentari l y once or more,
unti l the desi r ed channel i nputs gets
sel ected. The sel ected channel (A, B, C,
or D) i s i ndi cated by the gl owi ng of cor-
r espondi ng LED (LED11, LED12,
LED13, or LED14 respecti vel y).
I C CD4066 contai ns four anal ogue
swi tches. These swi tches are connected
to four separ ate channel s. For ster eo
operati on, two si mi l ar CD4066 I Cs are
used as shown i n the ci rcui t. These ana-
l ogue swi tches ar e contr ol l ed by I C
CD4017 outputs. CD4017 i s a 10-bi t ri ng
counter I C. Si nce onl y one of i ts out-
puts i s hi gh at any i nstant, onl y one
swi tch wi l l be cl osed at a ti me. I C
CD4017 i s confi gur ed as a 4-bi t r i ng
counter by connecti ng the fi fth output
Q4 (pi n 10) to the reset pi n. Capaci tor
C5 i n conjuncti on wi th resi stor R6 forms
a power-on-reset ci rcui t for I C2, so that
on i ni ti al swi tchi ng on of the power
suppl y, output Q0 (pi n 3) i s al ways
hi gh. The cl ock si gnal to CD4017 i s pro-
vi ded by I C1 (NE555) whi ch acts as an
astabl e mul ti vi br ator when tr ansi stor
T1 i s i n cut-off state.
I C5 (KA2281) i s used her e for not
onl y i ndi cati ng the audi o l evel s of the
sel ected stereo channel , but al so for for-
ward bi asi ng transi stor T1. As soon as
a speci fi c thr eshol d audi o l evel i s de-
tected i n a sel ected channel , pi n 7 and/
or pi n 10 of I C5 goes l ow. Thi s l ow
l evel i s coupl ed to the base of transi stor
T1, thr ough di ode-r esi stor combi nati on
of D2-R1/D3-R22. As a r esul t, tr ansi s-
tor T1 conducts and causes output of
I C1 to remai n l ow (di sabl ed) as l ong as
the sel ected channel output exceeds the
preset audi o threshol d l evel .
Presets VR2 and VR3 have been i n-
cl uded for adjustment of i ndi vi dual au-
di o threshol d l evel s of l eft stereo chan-
nel s, as desi red. Once the mul ti vi brator
acti on of I C1 i s di sabl ed, output of I C2
does not change further. Hence, search-
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C I R C U I T I D E A S
i ng through the channel s conti nues un-
ti l i t recei ves an audi o si gnal exceedi ng
the pr eset thr eshol d val ue. The ski p
swi tch S1 i s used to ski p a channel even
i f audi o i s present i n the sel ected chan-
nel . The number of channel s can be eas-
i l y extended up to ten, by usi ng addi -
ti onal 4066 I Cs.
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