Tính Toán Thiết Kế Hệ Thống Xử Lý Khói Thải Bên Ngoài1

n MTKK v XLKT
GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng
TNH TON THIT K

H THNG XLKT BN NGOI
CHNG 1: TNH TON NNG V TI LNG
CC CHT C HI
CHNG 2: TNH TON THIT K CNG TRNH X L
CHNG 3: TNH TON KHUCH TN CHT NHIM
- 1 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
CHNG 1
TNH TON NNG V

TI LNG CC CHT NHIM
I.1. S LIU BAN U
I.1.1. Nhim v
Tnh ton d bo v thit k h thng x l nhim mi trng khng kh t l t du
ca nh my thp: GIA SNG
I.1.2. S liu ban u

1) a im xy dng : H Ni
2) Hng mt chnh ca nh my : hng Nam
3) Cc thng s kh hu
Bng 1-1: Cc thng s kh hu ca mi trng xung quanh
Ma ng
Ma H
H
tTB
H
TB
d ttH
g/m3
m/s
gi
83
22
3,2
H
vTB
28,8
Th.7
Hng
D
TB
Hng
D
TB
d ttD
g/m3
m/s
gi
80
10
3,5
D
vTB
16,6
Th.1
4) Thng s ngun thi

- 2 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
a) Nhin liu s dng :

L t du vi mc ch to ra nhit nung nng chy dung dch km m ng
thp, l t xy dng ngay bn di b m km, kh thi c thu li theo ng ng dn ra
ngoi x l trc khi ra khi ng khi.
Bng 1-2: Thnh phn nhin liu t bt than
Thnh
Cp
Op
Hp
Np
Sp
Wp
Ap
S lng
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
B(kg/h)
2 L in
61,4
2,63
1,93
0,34
0,7
26
1890
L nung phi
61,4
2,63
1,93
0,34
0,7
26
2567
Loi
phn
nhin liu
b) Cng sut nh my :
+ Nng sut phi: 650.000 tn/nm
c) c tnh ca ngun thi.
Bng 1-3: c tnh ngun thi
Loi
S lng
ngun
ngun
thi
thi
L in
L nung
TT
ng knh
Nhit
Lu
ming ng
khi thi
lng
khi (m)
(0C)
khi thi
50
4,0
90
48
1,8
120
Chiu
cao (m)
- 3 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
1.2. TNH TON TH TCH KHI THI

Nhit tr tnh theo cng thc 12.7-[7] nh sau:
QP=81.Cp + 246.Hp - 26.(Op - Sp) - 6.Wp
= 81.61,4 + 246.1,93 - 26.(2,63 0,7) 6.7 = 5356 (Kcal/kgNL)
-L in:
Lng nhin liu tiu hao ca 2 l in :
B 2 45T / h 21kg / T 1890(kg / h)
-L nung:
Nhin liu s dng: Qsd=275000 (kcal/kgNL)
Nhit lng cn cung cp trong 1 h:
Qh Qth Qp 275000kcal / T 50T / h 13,75 106 (kcal / h)

Lng nhin liu tiu th trong 1h:
Qn 13,75 106 kcal / h
2567(kg / h)
Qp
5356 kcal / kgnl
Khi t chy nhin liu, cc phn ng oxihoa- kh (hay gi l phn ng chy), to

ra cc sn phm chy. hu ht l cc cht kh c hi i vi con ngi, do vy trc khi
thi ra mi trng xung quanh, nu nng cht c hi ln hn tiu chun thi cho php bt
buc phi x l. Tnh ton sn phm chy iu kin tiu chun da vo bng 12-1 [7] trong
c 2 ma nh sau:
I.1.3. 1.2.1. Tnh ton cho ma h

1.2.1.1Tnh cho l in:
Bng 1-4: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma h

- 4 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Kt qu
TT
i lng tnh
Cng thc tnh ton
(m3chun/
kgNL)
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Lng khng kh kh l
V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)
thuyt
=0,089.61,4+0,264.1,93-0,0333.(2,63-0,7)
Lng khng kh m l
Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0
thuyt d =20 g/kg
= ( 1 + 0,0016.22 ) .5,91
Lng khng kh m thc

t ( =1,4)
5,91
6,12
VT = .Va = 1,4.6,12
Lng SO2 trong sn phm
V SO2 = 0,683.10-2.Sp
chy
= 0,683.10-2.0,7
Lng CO trong SPC (
V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp
=0,01
=1,865.10-2.0,01.61,4
Lng CO2 trong SPC (
V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp
=0,01 )
Lng hi nc trong SPC
8,568
4,78.10-3
1,145.10-2
1,13
-2
=1,865.10 .(1-0,01).61,4
V H2O =0,111.Hp+0,0124.Wp+0,0016.d.Vt =
0,6
=0,111.1,93+0,0124.7+0,0016.22.8,568
08
Lng N2 trong sn phm

chy
V N 2 = 0,8.10-2.Np+0,79. VT =
6,77
-2
= 0,8.10 .0,34+0,79.8,568
- 5 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
09

V O2 = 0,21.( -1 )Va
Lng O2 trong SPC
0,514
= 0,21.( 1,4 1 ).6,12
a) Lng NOx trong sn
MNO2= 3,953.10-8.(B.QP)1,18
phm chy (Xem nh NO2)
= 3,953.10-8.(1890.5356)1,18
7,3
b) Quy i ra m3 tiu
chun/kgnl
10
V NO 2 =
B. NO2
7,3
1890.2, 054
1,88.10-3
NO2=2,054kg/m3
c) Lng N2 tham gia vo
V N 2 = 0,5 .V NO 2
phn ng ca NO2
= 0,5.1,88.10-3
d) Lng O2 tham gia vo
V O2 = V NO 2
phn ng ca NO2
11
M NO2
Tng lng sn phm chy
VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O +
ktc
V N 2 +V O2 +V NO 2 - V N 2 ( NO 2 )-V O 2 (NO2 )
0,94.10-3
1,88.10-3
9,034
Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 9,034 m3/h. Lu

lng khi thi ng vi khi t chy nhin liu Bt than c xc nh ph thuc vo nhit
ca khi thi v c tnh ton trong iu kin thc t theo cng thc sau y :
LT
VSPC .B (273 t)
.
3600
273
Do 2 l in nn
LTH
VSPC B (273 t ) 9, 034 1890 (273 90)
= 3,15( m3/s)
3600.2
273
3600 2
273
- 6 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
1.2.1.2.Tnh cho l nung phi
Bng 1-5: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma h
Kt qu
TT
i lng tnh
Cng thc tnh ton
(m3chun/
kgNL)
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Lng khng kh kh l
V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)
thuyt
=0,089.61,4+0,264.1,93-0,0333.(2,63-0,7)
Lng khng kh m l
Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0
thuyt d =20 g/kg
= ( 1 + 0,0016.22 ) .5,91
Lng khng kh m
thc t ( =1,4)
5,91
6,12
VT = .Va = 1,4.6,12
Lng SO2 trong sn
V SO2 = 0,683.10-2.Sp
phm chy
= 0,683.10-2.0,7
Lng CO trong SPC (
V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp
=0,01)
=1,865.10-2.0,01.61,4
Lng CO2 trong SPC (
V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp
8,568
4,78.10-3
1,145.10-2
1,13
=0,01 )
=1,865.10 .(1-0,01).61,4
Lng hi nc trong
V H2O =0,111.Hp+0,0124.Wp+0,0016.d.Vt =
SPC
=0,111.1,93+0,0124.7+0,0016.22.8,568
-2
- 7 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
0,6
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
08
09
Lng N2 trong sn
V N 2 = 0,8.10-2.Np+0,79. VT =
phm chy
= 0,8.10-2.0,34+0,79.8,568
Lng O2 trong SPC
6,77
V O2 = 0,21.( -1 )Va
0,514
= 0,21.( 1,4 1 ).6,12
a) Lng NOx trong sn

phm chy (Xem nh
MNO2= 3,953.10-8.(B.QP)1,18
-8
= 3,953.10 .(2567.5356)
NO2)
1,18
10,47
b) Quy i ra m3 tiu
chun/kgnl
10
V NO 2 =
B. NO2
10, 47
2567.2, 054
1,99.10-3
NO2=2,054kg/m
c) Lng N2 tham gia
V N 2 = 0,5 .V NO 2
vo phn ng ca NO2
= 0,5.1,99.10-3
d) Lng O2 tham gia

vo phn ng ca NO2
11
M NO2
V O2 = V NO 2
Tng lng sn phm
VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O + V N 2 +V O2
chy ktc
+V NO 2 - V N 2 ( NO 2 )-V O 2 (NO2 )
0,99.10-3
1,99.10-3
9,034
Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 9,034 m3/h. Lu

lng khi thi ng vi khi t chy nhin liu Bt than c xc nh ph thuc vo nhit
ca khi thi v c tnh ton trong iu kin thc t theo cng thc sau y :
- 8 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
LT
LTH
VSPC .B (273 t)
.
3600
273
VSPC B (273 t ) 9, 034 2567 (273 120)

= 9,27( m3/s)
3600
273
3600
273
1.2.2. Tnh cho ma ng

1.2.2.1.Tnh cho l in
Bng 1-6: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma ng
Kt qu
TT
i lng tnh
Cng thc tnh ton
(m3chun/
kgNL)
01
02
03
04
05
Lng khng kh kh l
V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)
thuyt
=0,089.61,4+0,264.1,93-0,0333.(2,63-0,7)
Lng khng kh m l
Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0
thuyt d =20 g/kg
= ( 1 + 0,0016.10 ) .5,91
Lng khng kh m
thc t ( =1,4)
5,91
6,0
VT = .Va = 1,4.6,0
Lng SO2 trong sn
V SO2 = 0,683.10-2.Sp
phm chy
= 0,683.10-2.0,7
Lng CO trong SPC (
V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp
=0,01)
=1,865.10-2.0,01.61,4
- 9 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
8,41
4,78.10-3
1,145.10-2
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
06
07
08
09
Lng CO2 trong SPC (
V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp
=0,01 )
=1,865.10-2.(1-0,01).61,4
Lng hi nc trong
V H2O =0,111.Hp+0,0124.Wp+0,0016.d.Vt =
SPC
=0,111.1,93+0,0124.7+0,0016.10.8,41
Lng N2 trong sn
phm chy
Lng O2 trong SPC
1,13
0,435
V N 2 = 0,8.10-2.Np+0,79. VT =
6,644
-2
= 0,8.10 .0,34+0,79.8,41
V O2 = 0,21.( -1 )Va
0,504
= 0,21.( 1,4 1 ).6,0
a) Lng NOx trong sn

phm chy (Xem nh
NO2)
MNO2= 3,953.10-8.(B.QP)1,18
-8
= 3,953.10 .(1890.5356)
1,18
7,3
b) Quy i ra m3 tiu
chun/kgnl
10
M NO2
B. NO2
7,3
1890.2, 054
1,88.10-3
NO2=2,054kg/m3
c) Lng N2 tham gia
V N 2 = 0,5 .V NO 2
vo phn ng ca NO2
= 0,5.1,88.10-3
d) Lng O2 tham gia

vo phn ng ca NO2
11
V NO 2 =
V O2 = V NO 2
Tng lng sn phm
VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O + V N 2 +V O2
chy ktc
+V NO 2 - V N 2 ( NO 2 )-V O 2 (NO2 )
- 10 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
0,94.10-3
1,88.10-3
8,73
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 8,73 m3/h. Lu lng

khi thi ng vi khi t chy nhin liu Bt than c xc nh ph thuc vo nhit ca
khi thi v c tnh ton trong iu kin thc t theo cng thc sau y :
LT
LTH
VSPC .B (273 t)
.
3600
273
VSPC B (273 t ) 8, 73 1890 (273 90)

= 3,05( m3/s)
3600.2
273
3600 2
273
1.2.2.2.Tnh cho l nung phi
Bng 1-7: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma ng
Kt qu
TT
i lng tnh
Cng thc tnh ton
(m3chun/
kgNL)
01
02
03
04
Lng khng kh kh l
V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)
thuyt
=0,089.61,4+0,264.1,93-0,0333.(2,63-0,7)
Lng khng kh m l
Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0
thuyt d =20 g/kg
= ( 1 + 0,0016.10 ) .5,91
Lng khng kh m thc

t ( =1,4)
5,91
6,0
VT = .Va = 1,4.6,0
Lng SO2 trong sn phm
V SO2 = 0,683.10-2.Sp
chy
= 0,683.10-2.0,7
- 11 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
8,41
4,78.10-3
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
05
06
07
Lng CO trong SPC (
V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp
=0,01
-2
=1,865.10 .0,01.61,4
Lng CO2 trong SPC (
V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp
=0,01 )
1,145.10-2
1,13
-2
=1,865.10 .(1-0,01).61,4
Lng hi nc trong SPC
V H2O =0,111.Hp+0,0124.Wp+0,0016.d.Vt =
0,435
=0,111.1,93+0,0124.7+0,0016.10.8,41
08
09
Lng N2 trong sn phm

chy
V N 2 = 0,8.10-2.Np+0,79. VT =
6,64
-2
= 0,8.10 .0,34+0,79.8,568
Lng O2 trong SPC
V O2 = 0,21.( -1 )Va
0,504
= 0,21.( 1,4 1 ).6,0
a) Lng NOx trong sn

phm chy (Xem nh NO2)
MNO2= 3,953.10-8.(B.QP)1,18
-8
= 3,953.10 .(2567.5356)
1,18
10,47
b) Quy i ra m3 tiu
chun/kgnl
10
V NO 2 =
M NO2
B. NO2
10, 47
2567.2, 054
1,99.10-3
NO2=2,054kg/m
c) Lng N2 tham gia vo
V N 2 = 0,5 .V NO 2
phn ng ca NO2
= 0,5.1,99.10-3
d) Lng O2 tham gia vo

phn ng ca NO2
V O2 = V NO 2
- 12 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
0,99.10-3
1,99.10-3
49 dt
11
n MTKK v XLKT
Tng lng sn phm chy
VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O +
ktc
V N 2 +V O2 +V NO 2 - V N 2 ( NO 2 )-V O 2 (NO2 )
8,73
Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 8,73 m3/h. Lu lng

khi thi ng vi khi t chy nhin liu Bt than c xc nh ph thuc vo nhit ca
khi thi v c tnh ton trong iu kin thc t theo cng thc sau y :
LT
LTH
VSPC .B (273 t)
.
3600
273
VSPC B (273 t ) 8, 73 2567 (273 120)

= 8,96( m3/s)
3600
273
3600
273
1.2.3. Tng kt lu lng khi thi

Bng 1-8 tng kt lu lng ca ng khi l t:
S
TT
Loi ngun thi
lng
(Ma)
ngun
thi
L
in
Chiu
ng
Nhit
Lu
cao
knh ng
khi thi
lng
(m)
khi (m)
(0C)
(m3/s)
Ma h
3,15
02
50
90
Ma ng
- 13 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
3,05
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Ma H
L
nung

9,27
01
48
1,8
120
M.ng
8,96
1.3. TNH TON TI LNG CC CHT NHIM

Ti lng cc cht nhim c tnh ton v cho trong bng tnh sau :
Bng 1-9: Ti lng cc cht nhim do t chy nhin liu than ca 1 l in
TT
i lng tnh
Ti lng SO2 vi
01
Ti lng CO2 vi
03
CO =1,977
05
M SO2
M CO
Ti lng NO2
Ti lng bi vi
a=0,5
3,7165
103.VCO .B.CO
3600 2
3,757
M CO
10 11, 45 10 1890 1, 25
3600 2
3
M CO2
103.VCO2 .B.CO2
3600 2
588,5
kg/m3chun
04
3600 2
10 4, 78 103 1890 2,962
3600 2
CO=1,25 kg/m chun
103.VSO2 .B. SO2
Ti lng CO vi
02
M SO2
SO =2,926
kg/m3chun
Kt qu (g/s)
Cng thc
M CO2
10 1,134 1890 1,977

3600 2
M NO2
M Bui
103.M NO2
3600 2
103.7,3
3600 2
10.a. AP .B 10.0,5.26.1890
3600 2
3600 2
- 14 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
1,015
34,125
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Ch : i vi l in khi 1 tn nhin liu t th pht sinh thm 9,75 kg CO v vy

ti lng CO thc t l:
Mtt =Mco + Mps
M ps
9,75kg / T 90T / h 1000

243,75 (g/s)
3600
M tt 3,757 243,75 247,507 (g/s)

Mt khc do t trong l in c sinh thm lng CO nn ta cp thm mt lng khng
kh l 40m3chun/tn sn phm
- Tnh cho ma h:
LO C tt LO C 90 LO C ps
0
LO C ps 40m3 / tan sp 90tan sp / h 3600m3 / h

0
LO C tt 3600 8525 12128m3 / h

0
900 C
tt
LO C tt (273 90)
273
16126m3 / h 4, 48m3 / s
-Tnh cho ma ng:
LO C tt LO C 90 LO C ps
0
LO C ps 40m3 / tan sp 90tan sp / h 3600m3 / h

0
LO C tt 3600 8258 11858m3 / h

0
900 C
tt
LO C tt (273 90)
273
15767m3 / h 4,38m3 / s
Bng 1-9: Ti lng cc cht nhim do t chy nhin liu than ca l nung phi
- 15 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
TT
i lng tnh
Ti lng SO2 vi
01
M SO2
SO =2,926
M SO2
CO=1,25 kg/m3chun
Ti lng CO2 vi
03
04
05
CO =1,977
3600
10 4, 78 103 2567 2,962
3600
M CO
Ti lng CO vi
02
103.VSO2 .B. SO2
kg/m3chun
Kt qu (g/s)
Cng thc
103.VCO .B.CO
3600
10,205
M CO
103 11, 45 103 2567 1, 25
3600
M CO2
103.VCO2 .B.CO2
3600
1598,6
10 1,134 2567 1,977

3600
3
kg/m3chun
M CO2
Ti lng NO2
M NO2
Ti lng bi vi
a=0,5
10,096
M Bui
103.M NO2
3600
103.10, 47
3600
2,908
10.a. AP .B 10.0,5.26.2567
3600
3600
92,7
1.4. TNH TON NNG PHT THI CC CHT NHIM

Nng pht thi ca cc cht gy nhim ph thuc vo ngun pht thi, ng thi ph
thuc vo ma trong nm:
1.4.1. Ma h
Bng 2-0: Nng cc cht c hi tnh cho ma h
- 16 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT

Kt qu (g/s)
TT
Loi l
i lng tnh
Cng thc tnh ton
L in
Nng SO2
01
CSO2
L nung
L in
Nng CO
02
CCO
L nung
Nng CO2
CCO2
L nung
L in
Nng NO2
04
CNO2
L nung
L in
Nng bi
05
L nung
CBui
LTLN
M CO
LN
LT
L in
03
M SO2
M CO2
LTLN
M NO2
LTLN
M
LNbui
LT
g/m3
mg/m3
0,8296
829,6
1,089
1089
55,25
55,25.103
1,1009
1100,9
131,36
131,36.103
172,45
172,45.103
0,226
226
0,314
314
7,62
7620
10
104
1.4.2. Ma ng
Bng 2-1: Nng cc cht c hi tnh cho ma ng
Kt qu (g/s)
TT
01
Loi l
L in
i lng tnh
Nng SO2
Cng thc tnh ton
CSO2
M SO2
LN
T
- 17 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
g/m3
mg/m3
0,8485
848,5
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
L nung
L in
Nng CO
02
CCO
L nung
M CO
LN
LT
L in
Nng CO2
03
CCO2
L nung
L in
Nng NO2
04
CNO2
L nung
L in
Nng bi
05
L nung
CBui
M CO2
LTLN
M NO2
LTLN
M Bui
LN
LT
1,127
1127
56,5
56,5.103
1,139
1139
134,36
134,36.103
178,4
178,4.103
0,232
232
0,3245
324,5
7,791
7791
10,346
10,346.103
I.5. SO SNH VI TCVN V NNG THI TI NGUN CA CC CHT

NHIM
so snh vi tiu chun ngun thi ti ngun cho tng nh my ph thuc vo rt
nhiu yu t v cc thng s ngun thi xt iu kin tiu chun, l:
Cng ngh sn xut: Cp B
I.1.4. I.5.1.Tnh cho l in:

Lu lng khi thi: tnh 900C i sang iu kin 00C
+ Ma h: L90 = 4,48 m3/s = 16128 m3/h, LTC = L90 .
273
12129,3 m3/h
273 90
+ Ma ng: L = 4,38 m3/s = 15768 m3/h, LTC = L90 .
- 18 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
273
11858,6 m3/h
273 90
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Do ti lng v lu lng kh thi thay i theo nhit theo cng mt phng

trnh nn nng ca cc cht c hi l khng thay i.
Lu lng khi thi trong c hai ma u c 5000 m3/h < L <20000kp=1;
a im xy dng: Thuc vng nng thn H Ni, kv=1,2
Da vo TCVN 6991-2001 i vi cc cht kh c hi, ring i vi bi da vo
tiu chun mi l TCVN 5939 -2005. So snh vi tiu chun, nu nng vt qu tiu
chun th bt buc phi x l trc khi thi ra mi trng xung quanh v ngc li, nu thp
hn hoc bng th khng cn phi x l. Xem xt trong c hai ma v lp thnh bng sau:
I.5.1.1. Xt trong ma h
Bng 1-9: So snh vi TC thi cho ma h
Cmax=C.kp.kv
Nng
(mg/m3)
(mg/m3)
TT
Cht nhim
Kt lun
SO2
600
829,6
Phi XL
CO
1200
55,25.103
Phi XL
CO2
Khng quy nh
131,36.103
Khng XL
NO2
1020
226
Khng XL
Bi
240
7620
Phi XL
I.5.1.2. Xt trong ma ng
Bng 1-9: So snh vi TC thi cho ma ng
- 19 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
TT
Cht nhim

Cmax=C.kp.kv
3
Nng
3
(mg/m )
(mg/m )
Kt lun
SO2
600
848,5
Phi XL
CO
1200
56,5.103
Phi XL
CO2
Khng quy nh
134,36.103
Khng XL
NO2
1020
232
Khng XL
Bi
240
7791
Phi XL
I.1.5. I.5.2.Tnh cho l nung:

Lu lng khi thi: tnh 1200C i sang iu kin 00C
+ Ma h: L120 = 9,27 m3/s = 33372 m3/h, LTC = L120 .
273
23182 m3/h
273 120
+ Ma ng: L120 = 8,96 m3/s = 32256 m3/h, LTC = L120 .
273
22407 m3/h
273 120
Do ti lng v lu lng kh thi thay i theo nhit theo cng mt phng

trnh nn nng ca cc cht c hi l khng thay i.
Lu lng khi thi trong c hai ma u c 20000 < L < 100000 m3/hkp=0,9
a im xy dng: Thuc vng nng thn H Ni, kv=1,2
Da vo TCVN 6991-2001 i vi cc cht kh c hi, ring i vi bi da vo
tiu chun mi l TCVN 5939 -2005. So snh vi tiu chun, nu nng vt qu tiu
chun th bt buc phi x l trc khi thi ra mi trng xung quanh v ngc li, nu thp
hn hoc bng th khng cn phi x l. Xem xt trong c hai ma v lp thnh bng sau:
- 20 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
I.5.1.1. Xt trong ma h
Bng 1-9: So snh vi TC thi cho ma h
Cmax=C.kp.kv
Nng
(mg/m3)
(mg/m3)
TT
Cht nhim
Kt lun
SO2
540
1089
Phi XL
CO
1080
1100,9
Phi XL
CO2
Khng quy nh
172,45.103
Khng XL
NO2
918
314
Khng XL
Bi
216
104
Phi XL
I.5.1.2. Xt trong ma ng
Bng 1-9: So snh vi TC thi cho ma ng
TT
Cht nhim
Cmax=C.kp.kv
3
Nng
3
(mg/m )
(mg/m )
Kt lun
SO2
540
1127
Phi XL
CO
1080
1139
Phi XL
CO2
Khng quy nh
178,4.103
Khng XL
NO2
918
324,5
Khng XL
Bi
216
10,345.103
Phi XL
- 21 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
1.5.3. Kt lun
Nhn vo bng tng hp s liu ta thy c 2 thnh phn SO2, CO, bi l phi x l trc
khi x ra mi trng xung quanh xt trong c hai ma.
I.6 KIM TRA CHIU CAO NG KHI :

I.1.6. I.6.1.Tnh ng khi l in
Chiu cao ng khi c tnh theo biu thc:
H e H o 0,65.( H m Ht )
Trong :
Hm: L nng lung khi do kh thi pht to=90oc.
Ht:L nng ca lung khi do trnh lch to .
Ho:Chiu cao thc t ca ng khi.
He:chiu cao ng kh tnh kim tra.
Hm
0, 795. QV
.
2,58
1
V
Trong :
Q :Lng kh thi (m3/phut) iu kin to=ooc.
V:Tc pht ca kh thi,( m/s)
V
V1
Q1
d
. 1
2
V2
Q2
d
. 2
2
Q
d
.
2
4, 48
4, 0
.
9, 27
1,8
.
2
=0,356 (m/s)
=3,64 (m/s)
- 22 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
H m1
H m2
0, 795 268,8 0,356

=0,94 m
2,58
1
0,356
0, 795. 556, 2 3, 64
=20,93 m
2,58
1
3, 64
nng ca lung khi do trnh lch to :

H t 2, 01.103.Q.(T 288)(2,3lg J
1
1)
J
Trong :
T: nhit tuyt i ca kh thi ,ok
J:Thng s hiu chnh ph thuc vo nhit kh thi ,J c xc nh nh sau:
J
J1
1
QV
.
. 1460 296.
1
T 288
1
0,356
. 1460 296.
1 =150,1
363 288
268,8 0,356
1
1) = 162,3 m
150,1
H t1 2, 01103 268,8 (363 288)(2,3lg150,1

J2
1
3, 64
1460 296.
1 =33,1
363 288
556, 2 3, 64
H t2 2, 01103 556, 2(363 288)(2,3lg 33,1
1
1) = 46,1 m
33,1
Chiu cao ng khi kim tra l in:

H e1 H o1 0,65.( H m1 Ht1 ) =50+0,65(0,94+162,3)=156,1 m
Chiu cao ng khi kim tra l nung:

H e2 H o2 0,65.( H m2 Ht2 ) =48+0,65(20,93+46,1)=91,57 m
Xc nh h s thi kh m ng khi c kh nng pht tn : q

q k.103.H e
- 23 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Trong :
K : H s c trng theo quy nh kim sot mi trng khng kh ca Nht :
k=17,5
3
q1 k.103.H e1 = 17,5 10-3 156,1 =27,3 (N.m /h)
q2 k.103.H e2 =17,5.10 .91,57=16,02 (N.m /h)

-3
Xc nh h s pht thi theo yu cu (i vi kh SO2)

S
3
q 0, 7.(
).F ( N.m /h)
100
Trong :
S: Hm lng lu hunh ca nhin liu t,%
F: Lng nhin liu t, kg/h
S
0, 7
3
q1 0, 7.( 1 ).F1 = 0, 7 (
) 1890 =9,26 ( N.m /h)
100
100
S
0, 7
3
q2 0, 7.( 2 ).F2 = 0, 7 (
) 2567 =12,57 ( N.m /h)
100
100
Ta thy q1 > q1 ; q2 > q2 tha mn iu kin pht thi
CHNG II: TNH TON THIT K CC

CNG TRNH X L
II.1. LA CHN PHNG PHP X L
C rt nhiu phng php x l cc cht nhim khc nhau, l cc phng
php: phng php hp th, phng php hp ph, phng php t, phng php ngng t,
phng php sinh hc.. Tuy nhin y, vi nhng cht nhim ny ta quan tm ti 3
phng php x l u tin. S b la chn phng php t x l CO v phng php
hp th x l SO2.
- 24 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
x l t hiu qu cao th trnh t x l cc cht sao cho phi b sung cho nhau.
r hn v iu th phi bit c cng ngh x l ca tng cht.
+ Vi cht CO, bin php ti u v thng dng nht l dng bung t t kit,
chuyn kh ban u thnh kh CO2 t c hi hn .
+ Vi SO2 : cng c rt nhiu phng php x l nh: phng php hp th bng dung
dch sa vi hay nc, phng php hp ph .. Tuy nhin phng php thng dng v ph
hp nht hin nay l hp th bng sa vi. Trc khi kh thi t l t CO n thp hp th
c lm mt gim nhit v nhit ph hp. Nh vy trnh t x l nh sau: CO
SO2
+ Vi bi: c hai phng php l dng bung lng hoc dng thit b lc bi kiu qun
tnh
II.2. PHNG PHP X L KH CO

Phng php x l CO c s dng l phng php thiu t c bung t, do
nhit khi sau ngun thi l 2500C < 8000C nn t c phi mi bng khng kh v
nhit chy c.
Ta cng lu CO l mt kh c kh nng chy n cao khi t c mt gi tr nng
nm trong khong chy n ca n l : 12% - 74% v th tch, m th tch ca CO trong
khi thi rt b trong khi lu lng khi thi rt ln, do nng CO lun nm di gii
hn n.
Khi t chy CO cn quan tm phng trnh phn ng nh sau:
2CO + O2 = 2CO2
II.2.1.1. Tnh ton lng xi cn thit t chy kh CO
T phn ng t chy trn, lng O2 cn thit t chy hon ton 1m3 CO
bng 0,5 m3. Theo u bi lng kh CO cn phi x l c hai ma tnh cho mt m3 th tch
khi thi.
*) L in
- 25 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT

Nng
Cn XL
(mg/m3)
(mg/m3)
1200
55,25.103
54050
1200
56,5.103
55300
Nng
Cn XL
(mg/m3)
(mg/m3)
Ma
Cht nhim
Cmax(mg/m3)
Ma h
CO
Ma ng
CO
H
MCO
=54050 mg/m3 16128m3/h 10-6 871,7kg / h
D
MCO
=55300 mg/m3 15768m3/h 10-6 871,97kg / h
*) L nung
Ma
Cht nhim
Cmax (mg/m3)
Ma h
CO
1080
1100,9
20,9
Ma ng
CO
1080
1139
59
Lng O2 v khng kh cn thit t chy lng CO tnh cho 1m3 kh thi v tnh
cho ton b lu lng thi trong c hai ma, bit t chy ht 56 g CO th cn 32 g O 2:
1. L in:
*) Ma H
m = 54050.
32
= 30886 mg O2/m3KT
56
Do tnh cho ton b lng khi thi th lng O2 l:
M O = L90 m = 16128m3/h 30886mg/m3 KT 10-6 = 498 kg/h

2
*) Ma ng
- 26 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
m = 55300.
32
= 31600 mg O2/m3KT
56
MO
= L90 m = 15768m3/h 31600mg/m3 KT 10-6 = 498 kg/h
Theo kt qu tnh ton trn ta thy lng O2 cn thit dp CO 2 ma nh

nhau,Mt khc lu lng khi thi v ma h cng ln hn, do khi tnh ton thit b t
CO th ta tnh cho ma h, khng cn kim tra v ma ng.
Trong khi lng xi c trong kh thi t l t iu kin nhit khi thi:
0,86.B.
273 90
273 90
= 0,86.1890.
= 2191,2 m3/h
273
273
Bit khi lng ring ca O2 l: = 1,428 kg/m3 , khi lng xi c trong kh thi l:
M = Vx = 2191,2 1,428 = 3086,2 kg/h
Ta nhn thy lng xi c sn trong khi thi ln hn nhiu so vi lng xi cn
thit t chy CO c trong khi thi, do khng cn phi cung cp thm xi trong qu
trnh t. CO chy c phi cung cp mt lng nhin liu t b sung (nhin liu mi).
1. L nung:
*) Ma H
m = 20,9.
32
= 11,94 mgO2/m3KT
56

M = L.m = 23182.11,94.10-6 = 0,276 kg/h
*) Ma ng
m = 59.
32
= 33,7 mgO2/m3KT
56

- 27 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
M O = L.m = 22407 m3/h. 33,7 10-6 kgO2/m3KT = 0,75 kg/h

2
Theo kt qu tnh ton trn ta thy lng O2 cn thit dp CO ma h nh

hn so vi ma ng, trong khi lu lng khi thi v ma h li ln hn, do khi tnh
ton thit b t CO th ta tnh cho ma h, ng thi kim tra v ma ng.
Trong khi lng xi c trong kh thi t l t iu kin nhit khi thi:
0,86.B.
273 120
273 120
= 0,86.2567.
= 3178 m3/h
273
273
Bit khi lng ring ca O2 l: = 1,428 kg/m3 , khi lng xi c trong kh thi l:
M = Vx = 3178 1,428 = 4538,2 kg/h
Ta nhn thy lng xi c sn trong khi thi ln hn nhiu so vi lng xi cn
thit t chy CO c trong khi thi, do khng cn phi cung cp thm xi trong qu
trnh t. CO chy c phi cung cp mt lng nhin liu t b sung (nhin liu mi).
II.2.1.2. Tnh ton cho bung t CO
Cc thng s khi t chy CO trong bung t nh sau [7]:
Nhit trong bung t khi cht t l CO bng 680-8000C.
Vn tc ca kh trong bung t dao ng trong khong 5-8 m/s.
Thi gian lu kh thi trong bung t : 0,2- 0,5 s.
Xt l in
*) Xc nh ng knh ca thit b kh CO
Lu lng khng kh dng dp CO chnh l lu lng khi thi.S dng cng ngh
t ca Nht ,nguyn l hot ng ca thit b nh sau : Kh CO c sy nng trc khi cho
vo bung t qua thit b tn dng nhit (Waste heat recovery box) , ti y CO c trn
cng kh nhin liu (gas).Gas c a vo bung t qua m t ,hn hp gas ,CO c t
chy trong bung t n nhit 600-800 C.Ta y CO tc dng vi O 2 tao thnh CO 2
c thi ra ngoi.
- 28 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Theo tnh ton trn lu lng khi thi em i t ti nhit khi 90 0 C l

L = 4,48 (m3/s) = 268,8 (m3/pht) = 16128 (m3/h), chn thit b t ta da vo lu
lng kh thi tnh thm 5 % lu lng d tr cho thit b.
Da vo bng thng s k thut ca nh sn xut cung cp ta chon c bung t hp l
l : Model OD -100
Lng kh
thi
Nhit tiu th
(m3/p)
(Kcal/h)
OD -020
20
288,000
4780
970
1900
1040
OD -030
30
415,000
4930
1100
2050
1190
OD -050
50
632,000
5140
1270
2600
1410
OD -070
70
834,000
5240
1410
2900
1580
OD -100
100
1,300,000
5470
1460
3100
1790
OD -150
150
1,896,000
5860
1760
3500
2050
OD -200
200
2,528,000
6180
1920
3600
2260
OD -300
300
3,793,000
7520
2150
4000
2550
OD -400
400
5,058,000
7950
2350
4450
2780
OD -500
500
6,323,000
8490
2450
4800
2920
Model
Kch Thc(mm)
- 29 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Bn v l t CO:
Tnh lng gas cn cung cp cho l t :

Chn nhit trong bung t l 700 C ,qua thit b tn dng nhit khi thi c sy
nng trc khi c a vo bung t ,khi thi t bung t qua thit bi tn dng nhit c
nhit t = 150 0C (nhit gii hn ca khi khi vo thit b lc bi tip theo).
Tnh nhit ca khi ra:
khi
khi
Q700
Q90
Qrakhi Qrakhi
Lkvo ck700 tL Lkvo ck90 tvko Lkra ck tra Lkvo ck150 tvko
'
16128 0, 296 700 16128 0, 255 90 16128 ck tra 16128 0, 259 150
ck tra =191,3
Trong :
Lkvo =16128 m3/h Lu lng khi vo
Lkvo =16128 m3/h Lu lng khi ra
- 30 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
tL =700 0C nhit bung t l
ck = 1,239 kj/kg.K =
1, 239
0, 296 Kcal/kg.0C
4,187
m bo qu trnh t CO khng gy nhim y ta t bng gas ,nhit tr cn

t lng CO v tiu chun cho php l:
Q = M.Cp. (t2-t1) , ( Kcal/h )
Trong :
-
M l ti lng CO cn t (kg/h), M = 871,97 kg/h;
Cp l nhit dung ring ca CO iu kin thc t 7000C(kcal/kg.) ly bng gi tr

ca khi thi (bng 3-ph lc II sch thng gi v k thut x l kh thi):
Cp = 1,239 kJ/kg.K =
1,239
= 0,296 Kcal/kg.
4,187
t1, t2 l nhit khi thi i vo bung t v nhit chy kit CO trong bung t
do tn dng nhit nn : t1 =300 0C, t2 = 700 0C

Q = 871,97 0,296 (700-300) =103241,2 (kcal/h)
i ra nng lng in ta c :
Q = 103241,2 (kcal/h) 1,163 =120069,5 W = 120,069 KW
II.3. Tnh ton lc bi

II.3.1. La chn phng php x l :
-
Bung lng bi
Thit b lc bi kiu qun tnh
Thit b lc bi kiu li tm xyclon
Li lc bi bng vi, li thp, giy, vt liu rng bng khu s ...
Thit b lc bi bng in
Cc nhm thit b trn u c 2 loi : kh v t
- 31 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Trong cc thit b trn th thit b lc bi bng xyclon c s dng rng ri, c hiu
qu lc bi cao ng thi chi ph vn hnh thp, m bo cc yu cu ra, do vy, ta
chn thit b xyclon lm thit b x l bi trong nh my ny.
Xyclon l thit b lc bi trong hnh thnh lc ly tm tch bi ra khi khng
kh. Khng kh vo phn trn ca xyclon vi vn tc ln theo chiu tip tuyn vi v
hnh tr , do dng khng kh chuyn ng xon c. Khi h xung y thit b khng
kh b y ln v tip tc chuyn ng xon c, thot ra ngoi qua ng gia. Trong qu
trnh dng khng kh chuyn ng xon c, cc ht bi do lc li tm s vng ra khi dng
khng kh, p vo thnh thit b v ri xung y hnh phu.
Tnh ton thit b :
Theo tnh ton trn, ta thy hm lng bi cc l vo ma ng ln hn ma h,
do vy ta s tnh ton thit b cho ma ng.
Cht nhim
L in
Cn XL
L nung
Cn XL
Bi
7791
7551
10345
10129
II.3.2. L in :
Vi lu lng L = 15768 m3/h 300 C, s b thy y l bi thi ra l t nhin
liu than nn c ht bi t 1m -100 m . T nhng s liu s b ban u ta chn thit b
x l bi l Xiclon kiu chm . Xiclon l thit b lc bi trong hnh thnh lc ly tm
tch bi ra khi khng kh.
Tnh ton Xiclon kiu chm

tnh ton mt s kch thc v thng s chnh ca xiclon, ta nhn cc gi thit
sau:
- Ht bi c dng hnh cu
- 32 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
- Lc ly tm tc dng ln ht bi theo hng bn knh ca xiclon v b qua tc dng ca

trng lc
- Ht bi coi nh c tch ra khi khng kh sau khi chm vo thnh xiclon
* Cc s liu ban u :
- Lng kh cn lc L = 15768 m3/h 300 0C
- cha hi nc ca kh d = 20 g/m 3
- p sut kh quyn B = 760 mmHg
- Tr lc cho php qua xiclon p 40 mmH20
- p sut kh vo xyclon p = -30 mmH2O= -2 mmHg
- Khi lng ring ca bi trong kh b =2300 g/m 3
- Khi lng ring ca khng kh kh g kk =1,29 kg/m 3
- Hm lng bi trong khi vo : Cbi = 7791 mg/m 3 ti 900C ,ti nhit khi t= 300
C 90 C 273 90 7791 273 90
bui
= 4936 mg/m 3
273 300
273 300
0
3000 C
bui
C hm long bi : C
k
0, 289 0 k d H 2O
B p 0, 289 1, 29 0, 02 760 2 0, 608 kg/m3
0,804 d 273 t
H 2O
0,804 0, 02 273 300
Xut pht t phn tn bi cho php,chon ng knh xiclon chum cn hm lng bi

trong khng kh chn chi tit nh hng.
T bng phn tn bi than tra phu lc bng11.3 tp 2 x l kh thi,phn ln cc ht bi
c kch thc 10 m nn chn n nguyn xyclon c ng knh D = 150 mm.Cn c vo
nng bi cho php c trong xyclon (bng 2.11)v ng knh ca n nguyn xyclon,chn
chi tit kiu chn vt 8 cnh 0 h s tr lc = 60.Khi h s tr lc cho php ca
xiclon chm 40 mmH20 v theo cng thc :
40
40 2 9,81
60 qu qu
4,64 (m/s)
0,608
2 g
0,608 60
2
Trong v l tc quy c, chn vn tc qua xyclon v = 4.64 (m/s) (tc qua tit
din ngang ca xyclon c ng knh D)
- 33 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Lng kh cn lm sch qua mt n nguyn xyclon :
D2
3,14 0,152 3600 4,64

V
3600
295 m3/h
4
4
S lng xyclon con :
n=
15768
L
=
53, 45 (chic) ly 54 chic
295
Lcon
Vi lng xiclon con nh trn tao b tr thnh 6 hng ,mi hng c 9 xiclon con.Tra bng
7.10 sch x k kh thi tp 2 ta c cc kch thc cu xyclon chm : M =280 mm, N = 170
mm ,chiu rng B = 1180 mm , chiu di L = 1460 mm.
Chiu cao ca ng dn kh vo xyclon chum c xc nh theo cng thc :
I =
L
,m
vvao [( M d )n 0.06]
Trong :
L lu lng kh cn lc ca xyclon chm , m3/h
n s lng xyclon con trong mt dy ngang so vi chiu chuyn ng ca
dng kh,
M, d kch thc tra bng 7.10 v7.8
v vn tc vo ca dng kh trn tit din sng ca dy xyclon con u
tin,c th nhn v = 10-14 m/s,nhn v = 10m/s
Thay s : I =
11032
0.5 ( m)
10 * 3600[(0.28 0.133) * 4 0.06]
Kim tra li tr lc qua xyclon chm :

Kim tra t s
p
p
,thit b lm vic ti u khi
= 45 100 m
k
k
Trng hp cho
p
40
65, 78 m
=
k 0, 608
Ct ny nm trong gii hn cho php

- 34 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Xc nh hiu sut lc bi ca xyclon chm:

Hiu sut lc bi iu kin chun ha tnh theo cng thc :

ii
100
5.8 30 72.5 7.8 85 30.2 23.5 95 97 23.5 97 11.5 99 21

87.33%
100
Kch thc ht bi mm
< 5
5-10
10-20
20-40
40-60
>60
% theo khi lng
5.8
7.8
30.2
23.5
11.5
21
Hiu sut lc
30
72.5
85
95
97
99
ng cong hiu qu lc theo c ht () % ca xiclon chm

Hiu sut lc bi ca xyclon chm iu kin thc t c xc inh theo biu 2.8
sch tnh ton lc bi v lm sch kh
Hiu qu thc t D = 250 mm ,t = 300, = 30 0 ,v = 3.1 (m/s) , k =1.3 kg/m 3 , b =2300
kg/m 3
95 %
II.3.3. L nung :
- Lng kh cn lc L = 33372 m3/h 300 0C
- cha hi nc ca kh d = 20 g/m 3
- p sut kh quyn B = 760 mmHg
- Tr lc cho php qua xiclon p 40 mmH20
- p sut kh vo xyclon p = -30 mmH2O= -2 mmHg
- Khi lng ring ca bi trong kh b =2300 g/m 3
- Khi lng ring ca khng kh kh g kk =1,29 kg/m 3
- Hm lng bi trong khi vo : Cbi = 10345 mg/m 3 ti 900C ,ti nhit khi t= 300
0
C hm long bi :
- 35 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
120 C
Cbui
273 120 10345 273 120
= 7095,3 mg/m 3
273 300
273 300
0
3000 C
bui
0, 289 0 k d H 2O
B p 0, 289 1, 29 0, 02 760 2 0, 608 kg/m3
0,804 d 273 t
H 2O
0,804 0, 02 273 300
Xut pht t phn tn bi cho php,chon ng knh xiclon chum cn hm lng bi

trong khng kh chn chi tit nh hng.
T bng phn tn bi than tra phu lc bng11.3 tp 2 x l kh thi,phn ln cc ht bi
c kch thc 10 m nn chn n nguyn xyclon c ng knh D = 100 mm.Cn c vo
nng bi cho php c trong xyclon (bng 2.11)v ng knh ca n nguyn xyclon,chn
chi tit kiu chn vt 8 cnh 0 h s tr lc = 60.Khi h s tr lc cho php ca
xiclon chm 40 mmH20 v theo cng thc :
40
40 2 9,81
60 qu qu
4,64 (m/s)
0,608
2 g
0,608 60
2
Trong v l tc quy c, chn vn tc qua xyclon v = 4.64 (m/s) (tc qua tit
din ngang ca xyclon c ng knh D)
Lng kh cn lm sch qua mt n nguyn xyclon :
D2
3,14 0,152 3600 4,64

V
3600
295 m3/h
4
4
S lng xyclon con :
n=
33372
L
113,12 (chic) ly 114 chic
=
295
Lcon
Vi lng xiclon con nh trn ta chia thnh 2 ngn,mi ngn c 57chic b tr thnh 6
hng ,mi hng c 10 xiclon con.Tra bng 7.10 sch x k kh thi tp 2 ta c cc kch
thc cu xyclon chm : M =280 mm, N = 170 mm ,chiu rng B = 1180 mm , chiu di L =
1460 mm.
Chiu cao ca ng dn kh vo xyclon chum c xc nh theo cng thc :
- 36 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
I =

L
,m
vvao [( M d )n 0.06]
Trong :
L lu lng kh cn lc ca xyclon chm , m3/h
n s lng xyclon con trong mt dy ngang so vi chiu chuyn ng ca
dng kh,
M, d kch thc tra bng 7.10 v7.8
v vn tc vo ca dng kh trn tit din sng ca dy xyclon con u
tin,c th nhn v = 10-14 m/s,nhn v = 10m/s
Thay s : I =
11032
0.5 ( m)
10 * 3600[(0.28 0.133) * 4 0.06]
Kim tra li tr lc qua xyclon chm :

Khi lng ring ca kh iu kin thc t :
k
0.289( 0 k d h 20 )( B p) 0.289(1.3 0.35)(760 2)
0.546 kg/m 3
(0.804 d h 20 )(273 t )
(0.804 0.35)(273 300)
Trong
0 k l khi lng ring ca khng kh kh ,kg/m 3 ,(vi khng kh kh 0 k = 1.3
kg/m 3 )
d h 20 l cha hi,kh kh iu kin chun ( d h 20 =0.35 kg/m 3 )
p :p sut kh quyn vo xyclon chm , p = -2 mmHg

B l p sut ca kh quyn , B = 760 mmHg
t l nhit ca kh thi 300 0 C
Kim tra t s
p
p
,thit b lm vic ti u khi
= 45 100 m
k
k
Trng hp cho
p
40
73.2 m
=
k 0.546
Ct ny nm trong gii hn cho php

- 37 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Xc nh hiu sut lc bi ca xyclon chm:

Hiu sut lc bi iu kin chun ha tnh theo cng thc :

ii
100
5.8 30 72.5 7.8 85 30.2 23.5 95 97 23.5 97 11.5 99 21

87.33%
100
Kch thc ht bi mm
< 5
5-10
10-20
20-40
40-60
>60
% theo khi lng
5.8
7.8
30.2
23.5
11.5
21
Hiu sut lc
30
72.5
85
95
97
99
ng cong hiu qu lc theo c ht () % ca xiclon chm

Hiu sut lc bi ca xyclon chm iu kin thc t c xc inh theo biu 2.8
sch tnh ton lc bi v lm sch kh
Hiu qu thc t D = 250 mm ,t = 300, = 30 0 ,v = 3.1 (m/s) , k =1.3 kg/m 3 , b =2300
kg/m 3
95 %
II.4. Tnh ton thit b lm ngui kh:

lm ngui kh thi trc khi a vo cc thit b khc c th dng thp rng
hay thp c m, tuy nhin trong trng hp lm ngui n thun, gim tr lc trn
ng i ca kh ta nn dng thp rng phun nc. V nguyn tc khi thi v nc phun
chuyn ng ngc chiu nhau: nc phun t trn xung cn kh t di ln.
S thp nh sau:
- 38 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
c h t h c h
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Tnh ton thit b ny da vo mc 3.1- Tnh ton lc bi v lm sch kh- PGS, TS:
Hong Kim C.
II.4.1. Tnh cho l in:

Cc thng s tnh ton thp rng lm ngui on nhit khng kh nh sau:
Lng kh cn lm ngui: V Ktt =4,48 m3/s 900C
Thnh phn kh thi :18,5 %- CO2, 4,96 %- O2, 76,54 %- N2(b qua SO2)
Nhit kh vo thp: tK = 280 0C
Nhit kh ra khi thp : tK = 90 0C
p sut ca kh vo thp ly bng: p K = 5000 mmH20 = 49000 N/m2
p sut kh quyn: B = 760 mmHg = 101308 N/m2
Nhit nc vo thp lm ngui: tn = 30 0C;
cha hi nc ban u ca khng kh: dH20 = 0,025 kg/m3
Tnh ton thit b nh sau:
Lng nhit cn ly i ca kh truyn cho nc c xc nh theo cng thc
sau:
Q = V0K[Cv(t t) + ( iH20 iH20)], W

Trong :
- 39 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
V0K: Lng kh kh cn lm ngui iu kin chun, m3/s
iK, iK: entanpi ca kh vo v ra khi thp, J/m3
CV: nhit dung ring th tch ca kh kh iu kin chun, J/m3.
Trc tin cn xc nh gi tr cc i lng c trong cng thc :

Da vo ph lc 4a trang 185 sch tnh ton k thut lc bi v lm sch kh ca PGS TS
Hong Kim C, xc nh nhit dung ring theo th tch cc kh thnh phn nhit trung
bnh:
tK
280 90
1850 C
2
Khi : CN2 = 1316,8 J/m3.K, C02 = 1379,6 J/m3.K, C CO2 = 1943,6 J/m3.K
Theo cng thc 1-28 xc nh nhit dung ring theo th tch ca kh thnh phn:
Chh = 1943,6.0,185 + 1379,6.0,0496 + 1316,8.0,7654 = 1435,9 J/m3.K
Xc nh entanpi ca hi nc trong kh vo thp:
iH20 = (2480 + 1,96.t).dH20 = (2480 + 1,96.280).0,025 = 75,72 J/m3
Xc nh nhit ca nhit k m v nhit nc c nung:
Bit cha hi ban u dH20 = 25 g/m3 v nhit ca kh vo thp tK = 280 0C.
cn c vo bng 3.1 trang 58 suy ra c nhit ca nhit k m tM = 570C
Nhit ca nc ra khi thp c chn nh hn 5 n 10 so vi nhit ca nhit
k m, ly nhit nc ra khi thp s nh hn nhit nhit k m l 9 , khi :
tH20 = 57 - 9 = 480C
Xc nh cha hi nc dH20 ra khi thp ( nhit nhit k m) theo cng thc 3.5
p = B + p = 101308 + 49000 = 150308 N/m2
p sut ring phn ca hi nc bo ho theo nhit nhit k m( t M = 570C) : Theo
ph lc 5a, cn c vo nhit nhit k m 57 0C, xc nh p sut bo ho ca hi nc:
pbh = 17,4126 kN/m2 = 17412 N/m2
Vy cha hi nc khi ra khi thp:
- 40 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
d "H 20
0,805. pbh
0,805.17412
3
0,105 kg/m
p pbh
150308 17412
Entanpi ca hi nc ra khi thp xc nh theo cng thc 3.4:

iH20 = (2480 + 1,96.t) d H'' O = (2480+1,96.48)0,105 = 270,27 J/m3
2
Lng nhit ca kh truyn cho nc:

Q = V0K[Chh(tK tK) + (iH20 iH20)]
= 4,48.[1435,9(280-90) + (75,72-270,27)] = 1221366,5 W
Xc nh hiu s nhit trung bnh gia kh v nc trong thp theo cng thc 3.7
t
(t 'K t "H 20 ) (t "K t 'H 20 ) (280 48) (90 30)
127, 20 C
t 'K t "H 20
280 48
ln
ln
90 30
t "K t 'H 20
Bit h s truyn nhit theo th tch l k = 116 W/m3.K (theo ti liu: K thut lc bi v
lm sch kh) vy th tch c ch ca thp tnh theo cng thc 3.8:
Vc.i =
Q
1221366,5
82, 78 m3
k.t 116.127, 2
Xc nh lu lng nc cp vo thp theo cng thc 3.9 khi s dng h s s dng bng
= 0,5:
G=
Q
1221366,5
32, 4 kg/s
.Cn (t "K t 'H 20 ) 0,5.4186,8.(48 30)
Vi Cn = 4186,8 J/kg. l nhit dung ring ca nc.

Th tch kh iu kin thc t ra khi thp tnh theo cng thc:
VKtt VoK
4, 48
1 d
371 273 tK''
0,804
''
H 2O
371 273 90 0,105

1
4,54 m3 / s
150308
0,804
Chiu cao c ch ca thp: Vc.i =
.D 2
4
.H , m3; Bit H= 2,5D nn ta c:
- 41 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Vc.i =
Do vy: D =

.D 2
4
.2,5.D 2,5.
.D 3
4
, m3
4.Vc.i
4 82, 78
3
3, 48 m
.2,5
3,14.2,5
Chiu cao c ch ca thp bng: H = 2,5.3,48 = 8,7 m

(Chiu cao c ch l khong cch gia hai trc ng ng ra v vo thp)
Tc kh qua tit din ngang ca thp xc nh theo cng thc 3.10:
VKtt =
.D 2
4
. K nn: K
4.VKtt
4.4,54
0, 477 m/s < 1 m/s

2
.D 3,14.3, 482
Gi s khay cha nc cha c lng nc trong thi gian l 15 pht, khi

chiu cao phi nhn ca khay bng: HKh =
G.15 4
32, 4
4
.
.
0,852m
2
60 .D
4 3,14.3, 482
Tng chiu cao ca thp rng bng: H = Hc.i + HKh = 8,7 + 0,852 = 9,552 m
Xc nh nng sut v s lng ng phun:
Theo ph lc 1 sch tnh ton k thut lc bi v lm sch kh, xc nh nng sut
v s lng ng phun Tha nhn m phun 3 c ng knh tit din l phun l 25,3 mm.
Khi p sut nc trc m phun l 2 kG/m2, lu lng nc qua mi m l 18,5 m3/h hay 5,1
kg/s, do s lng m phun l: n
G 32, 4
6,35 (m)
5,1 5,1
ly n = 7 m
Tr lc qua thp rng khng ln c tha nhn khong 15 n 20 mmH 20, nhn
tr lc bng 15 mmH20 = 15 kG/m2
Tng kt c tnh thit b:
-
ng knh: D = 3,48 m
Chiu cao c ch: Hc.i = 8,7 m
Chiu cao khay cha nc: HKh = 0,852 m
Tng chiu cao: H = 9,552 m
- 42 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
-
S lng m phun: 3 (m phun 3 c ng knh tit din l phun l 25,3 mm, p

sut nc trc m phun l 2 kG/m2)
Tr lc qua thp rng: p =15kG/m2
II.4.2. Tnh cho l nung:

Tnh ton tng t nh l in
Cc thng s tnh ton thp rng lm ngui on nhit khng kh nh sau:
Lng kh cn lm ngui: V Ktt =9,27 m3/s 1200C
Thnh phn kh thi :13,66 %- CO2, 6,09 %- O2, 80,25 %- N2(b qua SO2)
Nhit kh vo thp: tK = 280 0C
Nhit kh ra khi thp : tK = 90 0C
p sut ca kh vo thp ly bng: p K = 5000 mmH20 = 49000 N/m2
p sut kh quyn: B = 760 mmHg = 101308 N/m2
Nhit nc vo thp lm ngui: tn = 30 0C;
cha hi nc ban u ca khng kh: dH20 = 0,025 kg/m3
Tnh ton thit b nh sau:
Lng nhit cn ly i ca kh truyn cho nc c xc nh theo cng thc
Q = V0K[Cv(t t) + ( iH20 iH20)], W
sau:
Trong :
-
V0K: Lng kh kh cn lm ngui iu kin chun, m3/s
iK, iK: entanpi ca kh vo v ra khi thp, J/m3
CV: nhit dung ring th tch ca kh kh iu kin chun, J/m3.
Trc tin cn xc nh gi tr cc i lng c trong cng thc :

Da vo ph lc 4a trang 185 sch tnh ton k thut lc bi v lm sch kh ca PGS TS
Hong Kim C, xc nh nhit dung ring theo th tch cc kh thnh phn nhit trung
bnh:
- 43 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
tK

280 90
1850 C
2
Khi : CN2 = 1316,8 J/m3.K, C02 = 1379,6 J/m3.K, C CO2 = 1943,6 J/m3.K
Theo cng thc 1-28 xc nh nhit dung ring theo th tch ca kh thnh phn:
Chh = 1943,6.0,1366 + 1379,6.0,0609 + 1316,8.0,8025 = 1406,2 J/m3.K
Xc nh entanpi ca hi nc trong kh vo thp:
iH20 = (2480 + 1,96.t).dH20 = (2480 + 1,96.280).0,025 = 75,72 J/m3
Xc nh nhit ca nhit k m v nhit nc c nung:
Bit cha hi ban u dH20 = 25 g/m3 v nhit ca kh vo thp tK = 280 0C.
cn c vo bng 3.1 trang 58 suy ra c nhit ca nhit k m tM = 570C
Nhit ca nc ra khi thp c chn nh hn 5 n 10 so vi nhit ca nhit
k m, ly nhit nc ra khi thp s nh hn nhit nhit k m l 9 , khi :
tH20 = 57 - 9 = 480C
Xc nh cha hi nc dH20 ra khi thp ( nhit nhit k m) theo cng thc 3.5
p = B + p = 101308 + 49000 = 150308 N/m2
p sut ring phn ca hi nc bo ho theo nhit nhit k m( t M = 570C) : Theo
ph lc 5a, cn c vo nhit nhit k m 57 0C, xc nh p sut bo ho ca hi nc:
pbh = 17,4126 kN/m2 = 17412 N/m2
Vy cha hi nc khi ra khi thp:
d "H 20
0,805. pbh
0,805.17412
3
0,105 kg/m
p pbh
150308 17412
Entanpi ca hi nc ra khi thp xc nh theo cng thc 3.4:

iH20 = (2480 + 1,96.t) d H'' O = (2480+1,96.48)0,105 = 270,27 J/m3
2
Lng nhit ca kh truyn cho nc:

Q = V0K[Chh(tK tK) + (iH20 iH20)]
= 9,27.[1435,9(280-90) + (75,72-270,27)] = 2527247 W
- 44 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Xc nh hiu s nhit trung bnh gia kh v nc trong thp theo cng thc 3.7
t
(t 'K t "H 20 ) (t "K t 'H 20 ) (280 48) (90 30)
127, 20 C
t 'K t "H 20
280 48
ln
ln
90 30
t "K t 'H 20
Bit h s truyn nhit theo th tch l k = 116 W/m3.K (theo ti liu: K thut lc bi v
lm sch kh) vy th tch c ch ca thp tnh theo cng thc 3.8:
Vc.i =
Q
2527247
171,3 m3
k.t 116.127, 2
Xc nh lu lng nc cp vo thp theo cng thc 3.9 khi s dng h s s dng bng
= 0,5:
G=
Q
2527247
67 kg/s
.Cn (t "K t 'H 20 ) 0,5.4186,8.(48 30)
Vi Cn = 4186,8 J/kg. l nhit dung ring ca nc.

Th tch kh iu kin thc t ra khi thp tnh theo cng thc:
VKtt VoK
4, 48
0,804
''
H 2O
371 273 90 0,105

3
1 0,804 4,54 m / s
150308
Vc.i =
Chiu cao c ch ca thp: Vc.i =
Do vy: D =
1 d
371 273 tK''
.D 2
4
.D 2
4
.H , m3; Bit H= 2,5D nn ta c:
.2,5.D 2,5.
.D 3
4
, m3
4.Vc.i
4 171,3
3
4, 44 m
.2,5
3,14.2,5
Chiu cao c ch ca thp bng: H = 2,5.4,44 = 11,1 m

(Chiu cao c ch l khong cch gia hai trc ng ng ra v vo thp)
Tc kh qua tit din ngang ca thp xc nh theo cng thc 3.10:
- 45 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
VKtt =
.D 2
4
. K nn: K

4.VKtt
4.4,54
0, 293 m/s < 1 m/s

2
.D 3,14.4, 442
Gi s khay cha nc cha c lng nc trong thi gian l 15 pht, khi

chiu cao phi nhn ca khay bng: HKh =
G.15 4
67
4
.
.
1, 08m
2
60 .D
4 3,14.4, 442
Tng chiu cao ca thp rng bng: H = Hc.i + HKh = 11,1 + 1,08 = 12,18 m
Xc nh nng sut v s lng ng phun:
Theo ph lc 1 sch tnh ton k thut lc bi v lm sch kh, xc nh nng sut v
s lng ng phun Tha nhn m phun 3 c ng knh tit din l phun l 25,3 mm. Khi
p sut nc trc m phun l 2 kG/m2, lu lng nc qua mi m l 18,5 m3/h hay 5,1
kg/s, do s lng m phun l: n
G 67
13,14 (m)
5,1 5,1
ly n = 14 m
Tr lc qua thp rng khng ln c tha nhn khong 15 n 20 mmH 20, nhn
tr lc bng 15 mmH20 = 15 kG/m2
Tng kt c tnh thit b:
-
ng knh: D = 4,44 m
Chiu cao c ch: Hc.i = 11,1 m
Chiu cao khay cha nc: HKh = 1,08 m
Tng chiu cao: H = 12,18 m
S lng m phun: 14 (m phun 3 c ng knh tit din l phun l 25,3 mm, p

sut nc trc m phun l 2 kG/m2)
Tr lc qua thp rng: p =15kG/m2 xong
- 46 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
II.5. Vi kh SO2
II.5.1. Mc cn thit phi kh SO2 :
M SO2 M SO2 (TC )

M SO2
%,
Trong :
- MSO2: nng SO2 c trong khi thi, mg/m3
- MSO2(TC): nng SO2 theo tiu chun thi ti ngun, mg/m3;
Kt qu tnh ton c cho trong bng tnh :
Cht nhim
SO2
TCVN6993-2001
Ma h
MSO2(TC)
MSO2
375
1023
Ma ng
MSO2
0,725
1038
0,729
II.5.2. La chn phng php x l SO2

C nhiu cch x l SO2 c trong kh thi ,phng php ph bin nht l hp th
SO2 bng cc dung dch em li hiu qu cao m gi thnh li r.Trong trng hp ny ta s
dng dung dch NAOH hp th SO2 do c nng cao, gim tr lc trn ng i ca
kh ta nn dng thp rng phun nc. Tn dng lun thp gim nhit ca khi thi ra
mi trng do ngoi tnh lng dung dch NAOH x l SO2 cn phi tnh lng nc
cn gim nhit ca khng kh . V nguyn tc khi thi v dung dch phun chuyn ng
ngc chiu nhau: dung dch t trn xung cn kh t di ln. Kh sau khi qua thit bi kh
CO ,v kh bi, Lng khi thi tng 10% so vi lng ban u ,nhit ca khi gim 5 %
- 47 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
II.5.2.1. Xc nh lng NAOH cn cung cp cho thit b:

Yu cu lm sch SO2 trong kh thi vi hiu sut = 21.1% (ma ng),do vy kh
i ra khi thp cn gim t s mol xung cn
C = 600
mg/m3
Thp lm vic nhit 150 0C v p sut l 1 atm.

Hm lng SO2 trong bn sau khi ra khi thit b X 2 =4.5g/l
Xc nh lng NAOH cn cung cp cho thit b:
2NAOH + SO2
NA 2 SO 3
+ H2 O
Lng SO2 b hp th trong 1 gi :

Y1 =
G SO2
.LKt
>
GSO2 = Y1 . . LKT = 2280 .10-6. 0.211 *1.46*3600 = 2.6 kg/h
Trong : Nng SO2 trong kh ban u bng: Y1 = 2280 mg/m3

GSO2 khi lng SO2 b hp th trong mt gi
S kmol SO2 b hp th trong mt gi :
K=
G SO2
64
2.6
0.0406( Kmol / h)
64
Vy th tch SO2 b hp th trong mt gi l :

VSO2
21,89.GSO2
M SO2
21,89 * 2.6
= 0.888 ( m3/h)
64,07
Trong :
MSO2 l khi lng phn t SO2, v 21,89 l th tch ca 1 kmol kh SO2
Vy lng NAOH cn cung cp :
G NAOH = 2*K*40= 2*0.0406*40 = 3.248 (kg/h)
- 48 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Kh ra khi thp c nhit t = 150 0 C
Ta c tan ca NAOH 60 0 C l 63,5 mg/100mmlH2O.Vy lng dung dch NAOH

cn trong 1h :
V NAOH =
4.232
0.065 m3/h
63.5
Lng NAOH c ha tan trong nc phun qua vi phun vo thit b,dung dch sau khi
hp th SO2 trong c cha trong ngn pha di ca thit b,sau mt thi gian c ly ra
ngoi,
II.5.2.2. Tnh ton thp hp th kh SO2

Tnh ton thp hp th kh SO2 trong trng hp bt li nht. Vo ma h do lu
lng kh thi ln nht, trong khi ti lng cht nhim l khng i.Vy ta tnh ton thp
hp th SO2 vo ma h .
*) Cc thng s tnh ton
Nhit khi thi ban u: t1 = 95 0C
Lu lng kh thi: LKT = 7704 m3/h nhit 250 0C, do nhit 95 0C ch
cn li L = 7704.
273 95
= 5420,8 m3/h
273 250
p sut ring phn ca SO2 trong khi thi ban u: pK (mmHg)

Yu cu lm sch SO2 trong kh thi vi hiu sut = 72,5% (ma h)
y ta dng sa vi Ca(OH)2 trong khng c SO2 ho tan, tc pL = 0
Nhit khi thi sau khi ra khi thp gi thit bng: t2 = 600C
Nhit trung bnh ca kh thi trong thp l: tK ,0C
- 49 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
tK =
t1 t 2
95 60
=
= 77,50C
2
2
Hm lng SO2 trong bn sau khi ra khi thp gi thit l: X2 = 4,5 g/l
*) Tnh ton
Nng SO2 trong kh ban u bng: Y1 = 1023 mg/m3
Mt khc : Y1 =
GSO
.LKt
Trong :
- GSO2 khi lng SO2 b hp th trong mt gi
GSO2 = Y1 . . LKT = 1023 .10-6. 0,725 . 5420,8 = 4,02 kg/h
Vy th tch kh SO2 b hp th trong mt gi l:
VSO2
21,89.GSO2
M SO2
21,89.4,02
= 1,37 m3/h
64,07
Trong :
MSO2 l khi lng phn t SO2, v 21,89 l th tch ca 1 kmol kh SO2
M
SO2
L .( p ' p " )
KT
760
Trong :
-
pK : n hi hi ca SO2 trong kh thi, mmHg
pK : n hi hi ca SO2 trong kh thi sau khi lm sch, mmHg
Do : 1,37 =
5420,8.( p K' p K" )

hay: pK pK = 0,19
760
Theo bi khng kh cn c lm sch 72,5%, ngha l kh SO 2 cn cha trong

kh thi l 27,5%, vy p sut ring phn ca SO2 trong kh thi cui qu trnh lm sch l:
- 50 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
pK = pK . 0,275 mmHg
Thay vo cng thc trn ta c
pK = 0,26 mmHg, v pK = 0,07 mmHg
- Xc nh lc chuyn hp th
Trong thp ra c m, kh thi v nc chuyn ng ngc chiu nhau. Vy lc
chuyn hp th trung bnh c xc nh theo cng thc:
p
( p K' p L' ) ( p K" p L" )

ln
( p K' p L' )
, mmHg
( p K" p L" )
Trong :
-
pK, pK ; l p sut ring phn ca cu t b hp th trong pha kh khi vo v ra khi

thit b, mmHg
pL, pL ; l p sut cn bng ca kh b hp th trn b mt dch th tng ng vi pK,

pK, mmHg
Vy lc chuyn hp th trung bnh bng;
p
0,26 0,07
= 0,145 mmHg
0,26
ln
0,07
- Tnh ton din tch ca thp

Gi thit tc ca dng kh thi qua thp hp th l K = 1m/s, vy din tch tit din
thp bng:
Fth
LKT .(273 t K ) 5420,8.(273 77,5)

= 1,933 m2
3600.273. K
3600.273.1
ng knh ca thp bng Dth =
4.F
4.1,933
- 51 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
= 1,6 (m)
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
- Xc nh tc ca kh qua tit din thong ca m

Chn m bng s (v nhit khi thi cao) c kch thc dy 10 mm t theo hng
ngang c khong cch gia hai trc thanh, ngha l to khong h (gia hai thanh) l 20 mm.
Dc theo chiu cao t ni tip cc thanh gia lp ny vi lp khc vy tit din thong ca
m s bng 20/30 = 0,67. Trong 1 m2 m vi chiu di l 1 m c th t 1000/30 = 33
thanh. Vy trong 1 m3 m (c tnh n mi thanh c hai b mt bn) s c b mt tip xc
l:
f = 2 . 33 = 66 m2
Tc dng kh khi i qua tit din thong ca m:
K
0,67
1
= 1,49 m/s
0,67
- Xc nh gi tr ca h s hp th K theo cng thc

K
0,0017.M . 0,75 .(0,0011.T 0,18) 0, 25

(13,7 M ) .d td0, 25
Trong
-
M : khi lng phn t ca kh b hp th, vi SO2, M = 64,07 vC
: tc ca dng kh qua tit din ca m, = 149 cm/s
T : nhit tuyt i ca kh thi, T = 77,5 + 273 = 350,50K
dtd : ng knh tng ng ca m, cm

ng knh tng ng ca m tnh bng:
d td
4.0,67
= 0,04 m = 4 cm
66
Thay vo cng thc trn ta c;
- 52 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
K
0,0017.64,07.149 0,75.(0,0011.350,5 0,18) 0, 25

(13,7 64,07 ).4
0, 25
= 0,102 ( kg/m2.h.mmHg)
- Din tch b mt hp th tnh theo cng thc:

F
GSO2
K .P
4,02
= 271,8 m2
0,102.0,145
Vy th tch ca m cn c:
v
F 271,8
= 4,12 m3
f
66
Chiu cao ca m c xc nh theo cng thc:

H
V
4.4,12
=2m
2
.D
3,14.1,6 2
4
- Xc nh chiu cao ca khay cha dung dch hp th sau khi qua thp :
Ta c nng SO2 ban u l Y1 = 1,023 g/m3, nng SO2 sau khi ra khi thp l Y2 =
0,281 g/m3. Hm lng SO2 trong bn sau khi ra khi thp l X2 = 4,5g/l
Lng sa vi cn cp vo thp ra qua vi phun l:
LSO2=
Y1 Y2
X1 X 2
. LKT=
1,023 0,281
.5420,8 = 893,8 ( l/h )= 0,894 m3/h
4,5 0
Chn thi gian nc lu li trong khay cha nc l 2 gi (tc c 2 gi thay dung dch
mt ln), khi th tch ca khay l:
VKC = 893,8 .2 = 1787,6 (l) = 1,79 ( m3 )
Vy chiu cao ca khay cha nc l: HKC =
VKC 1,79
= 0,9 m
F
2
Chn chiu cao t mc nc cao nht trong khay ti mp ng dn kh vo l 0,2 m, khi

ton b chiu cao ca thp bao gm:
- 53 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Chiu cao m: 2 m
Chiu cao tm chn nc ly s b bng: 0,2 m
Khong cch t do dn kh vo bo m phn b u kh pha di m ly s
b bng: 1,2 m
Khong cch t tm chn n vi phun ly s b bng: 0,2 m
Khong cch t vi phun n m c tnh ti s bn to ca vi phun ly s b
bng: 0,3 m
Chiu cao khay cha: (0,9 + 0,2) m
Chiu cao ca thp hp th:
HTH = 2 + 0,2+ 1,2 + 0,2 + 0,3 +(0,9 + 0,2) = 5 m
Vy kch thc ca thp hp th SO2:
ng knh: DTH = 1,6 m
Chiu cao: HTH = 5 m
Kch thc ca m: H = 2 m
*) Tnh ton tn tht qua thit b:
Tnh ton tng t nh i vi thp lm mt , ta cng tnh ton tn tht khi khi
thi i qua lp chn nc v lp vt liu rng , do y ta khng c y s liu v dung
dch vi sa , nn ta tnh ton nh trng hp hp th bng nc:
- Tn tht khi khi thi i qua lp m:
p1 = [44. + (0,75 + 4,6. ).Hm].v(2,4-)
p1 = [44. 2 + (0,75+ 4,6. 2).
0,894
].1 2,4-2 = 92,4 kG/m2
2
Tn tht ct p ca khng kh qua lp chn nc vi b dy : c=0, 2m

p2 = 33. c.v1,88 = 33.0,2.1 1,88 = 6,6 kG/m2
- 54 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Tn tht ct p tng cng:

p = p1 + p2 = 92,4 + 6,6 = 99 kG/m2
2.3. TN THT TRONG H THNG NG NG DN KHI THI BT

U T NGUN THI CHO N NG KHI
2.3.1. Tn tht qua cc thit b x l
Cc thit b bao gm:
1. Bung dp CO
2. Thp lm mt: P = 15 kG/m2
3. Thp hp th SO2: P = 99 kG/m2
Ring trng hp khi thi i qua bung dp CO l khng c s liu v tn tht.
Do ta c th ly s b bng: P = 10 kG/m2
Nh vy tng tn tht qua cc thit b bng:
P = 10 + 15 + 99 = 124 kG/m2
2.3.2. Tn tht qua h thng ng ng
Lu lng khi thi bng:
- L = 7704 m3/h ( nhit 250 0C)
- L = 5420,8 m3/h ( nhit 95 0C)
- L = 4905 m3/h ( nhit 60 0C)
Vi lu lng ln nh th ny, da vo ph lc 3-[2] tnh chn ng ng v
tnh ton tn tht tng ng vi tng on ng cc nhit khc nhau nh sau:
- on 1: L = 7704 m3/h, v = 16,3 m/s, khi :
D = 400 mm, R = 0,635 kG/m2.m, P = 16,25 kG/m2
- 55 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
Vi chiu di ng ng bng: l =
Tn tht theo chiu di ng ng:

- on 2: L = 5420,8 m3/h , v = 12 m/s, khi :
D = 400 mm, R = 0,356 kG/m2.m, P = 8,81 kG/m2

- on 3: L = 4905 m3/h, v = 10,9 m/s, khi :
D = 400 mm, R = 0,296 kG/m2.m, P = 7,27 kG/m2

Tn tht cc b trn ton b h thng ng ng:
Nh vy tng tn tht chn qut bng:
2.4. CHN QUT HT
- 56 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
CHNG III: TNH TON KHUCH TN CC CHT NHIM

III.1. CC THNG S BAN U
III.1.1. Cc thng s vi kh hu
1.a im xy dng : H Ni
2.Hng mt chnh ca nh my : hng Nam
3.Cc thng s kh hu
iu kin kh hu ca mi trng c lin quan trc tip ti s khuych tn cc cht
nhim vo mi trng xung quanh.
Bng 1-1: Cc thng s kh hu ca mi trng xung quanh

Ma ng
Ma H
H
tTB
H
TB
d ttH
g/m3
H
vTB
Hng
m/s
28,8
83
22
3,2
Th.7
gi
D
TB
Hng
D
TB
d ttD
g/m3
m/s
gi
80
10
3,5
D
vTB
16,6
Th.1
III.1.2. Cc thng s v ngun thi

C 2 ng khi, 1 l l in cao50 m ,2 l l nung cao 48 m , ng c lp nn coi l
ngun thi cao, c cc thng s sau:
- Chiu cao ng khi: h1 = 50 m,h2= 48 m.
- 57 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
- ng knh ming ng khi: D1 = 4 m, D2 = 1,8 m

- Nhit khi thi: t1 = 900C, t1 = 1200C
- Lu lng khi thi:
+ V ma h: L1 4, 48 m3/s ; L2 9, 27 m3/s
+ V ma ng: L2 4,38 m3/s ; L2 8,96 m3/s
Nng cc cht nhim sau khi x l bng nng theo tiu chun, tng
ng vi lu lng khi thi trong 2 ma tnh ton ti lng cc cht nhim, sau lp
thnh bng sau:
Nng mg/m3
TT
Ti lng, mg/s
Cht
nhim
L in
L nung
L in L nung
Ma h
Ma ng
Ma h Ma ng
SO2
600
540
2688
2628
5005,8
4838,4
CO
1200
1080
5376
5256
10011,6
9676,8
NO2
1020
918
4569,6
4467,6
8509,86
8225,28
Bi
240
216
1075,2
1051,2
2002,32
1935,36
III.1.3. Khi qut m hnh tnh khuych tn cht nhim - Guass

Cc gi thit :
- Cc iu kin n nh: vn tc gi v ch ri khng thay i theo thi gian.
- Dng chy ng nht: vn tc gi v ch ri khng thay i theo thi gian v khng
gian.
- Cht nhim c tnh tr, tc l khng xy ra phn ng ho hc cng nh khng c lng
ng do trng lc.
- 58 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
- C s phn x tuyt i t b mt t i vi lung khi, tc l khng c s hp th ca

mt t i vi cc cht nhim.
- S phn b nng trn cc mt ct trc giao vi trc gi th.10o phng ngang (y) v
theo phng ng (z) tun theo lut phn phi (xc sut) chun Guass.
- Vn tc gi khng bng khng cho hin tng khuych tn theo phng x c coi
l khng ng k so vi lc vn chuyn v li cun lung khi v pha trc ca gi.
C s tnh ton
Phng trnh vi phn ca qu trnh khuych tn cht nhim dng kh v l lng
trong kh quyn c dng lm c s cho mi qu trnh gia cng ton hc v qu trnh ny:
C C C C
kx
ky
kz
x x y y z z
Trong :
C nng cht nhim, mg/m3;
- thi gian, s;
kx, ky, kz ln lt l h s khuych tn ri theo phng x, y, z,
T nhng c s v gi thit trn Guass thit lp c cng thc c s cho qu
trnh tnh ton ca mnh:
y2
M
z 2
EXP 2 2
2u y z
2 y 2 z
(1)
Cng thc xc nh s phn b nng cht nhim theo lut phn phi
chun Guass
Cng thc (1) cn c th c din gii bng phng php phn tch th nguyn
nh sau:
- 59 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
T ming ng khi cht nhim c gi mang i theo trc x trng vi hng gi

vi vn tc bng vn tc gi u, m/s. Nu lng pht thi cc cht nhim l M, g/s l khng
i theo thi gian th mt ca cht nhim trn tt c cc mt trc giao vi trc gi (cng
l trc lung khi) s bng M/u, g/m.
Nu gi thit rng cht nhim khng c phn ng ho hc vi khng kh xung quanh
tc l khng sn sinh ra cng khng phn hu i cc cht nhim, th mt cht nhim
trn tt c cc mt ct trc giao vi trc gi mi khong cch x u nh nhau. Nhng nng
cc cht nhim trong lung khi gim dn khi khong cch tng do hin tng khuych
tn theo phng ngang y v theo phng ng z, chnh v vy m lung khi lan rng ra
xung quanh trc lung. Cng ra xa khi trc lung theo phng y v z th nng cc cht
nhim li cng gim.
Bng nhng nghin cu l thuyt v thc nghim Guass a ra cng thc tnh
ton khuych tn cht nhim t ngun im cao:
z H 2
z H 2
y2
M
3
C
EXP 2 EXP
EXP
, mg/m
2
2
2 y z
2 z
2 z
2 y
Khi tnh ton nng cht nhim trn mt t th z = 0 v cng thc s tr thnh:
C x , y
y2
M
EXP 2
2
u y z
y
H2
3
EXP 2 , mg/m
2 z
Trng hp tnh ton s phn b nng trn mt t dc theo trc gi (trc x), ta
cho y = 0 v thu c:
C x
H2
M
EXP 2 , mg/m3 (2)
u y z
2 z
Ch :
Trong cc cng thc trn chiu cao H l chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi v n
c xc nh nh sau: H h h , m
- 60 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
h - nng cao ca vt khi (c xc nh theo phng php ca Briggs G,A):

1
3
F 23
*) Vi cp n nh ca kh quyn l t A D: h 1.6
xf , m
u
Vi : - F l lc ni ban u ca lung khi, xc nh theo cng thc:
g D 2 Tkhoi Txq
, m4/s3
4
Tkhoi
Trong :
- : vn tc pht ca lung khi, m/s
- xf: khong cch t ngun n im kt thc nng cao trung bnh lung khi:
+ Khi F 55 m4/s3 th x f 50F 0.625
+ Khi F 55 m4/s3 th x f 120F 0.4
*) Ring vi cp trung tnh ca kh quyn
2
3
F 13
h 1.54
h ,m
uu*
tnh ton nng cc i ca cc cht nhim trn mt t ta c th gi thit
mt cch gn ng rng t s y/z l khng ph thuc vo x. Lc ta ly o hm phng
trnh (2) theo z ta s c: z C
Max
H
,m
2
Nu bit mi quan h ca z ph thuc vo x ta c th tnh c khong cch xM sau

tnh y ph thuc vo xM sau thay vo (2) ta c:
CMax
2M
0.1656M
, mg/m3
u y H
2eu y H
Cc h s y v z c xc nh theo cng thc:

- 61 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
- y ax0.894 , m
- z bxc d , m
Trong cc h s a, b, c, d c xc nh bng cch tra PL- 3
III.2. TNH TON KHUYCH TN CC CHT NHIM

III.2.1. Tnh cho ma h
III.2.1.1. Xc nh chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi H
H h h , m
Cp n nh ca kh quyn da vo:
-
Vn tc gi cao 10 m: vgi= 3,2 m/s
Hng gi: N
Bc x mt tri vo ban ngy: Mnh
Do vy cp n nh ca kh quyn l: Cp B ( theo bng :3.4 [8])

1
F 3 23
xf , m
nng cao vt khi c xc nh theo cng thc: h 1.6
u
Trong :
g D 2 Tkhoi Txq
, m4/s3
4
Tkhoi
Vi: l vn tc pht: 1
2
Do :
4.L1
4 4, 48
0,357 m/s
2
.D 3,14 42
4.L2
4 9, 27
3, 645 m/s
2
.D 3,14 1,82
F1
9,81 0,357 42 90 28,8
2,362 m4/s3 < 55 m4/s3

4
(90 273)
F2
9,81 3, 645 1,82 120 28,8
6, 72 m4/s3 < 55 m4/s3

4
120 273
- 62 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
x f 50 2,3620,625 85,56 m ; x f 50 6,720,625 164, 46 m
Vy
2
2
2,362 3
6, 72 3
h1 1, 6.
85,56 3 12,93 m ; h2 1, 6.
164, 46 3 28,32 m
3, 2
3, 2
Do chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi l in l:

H1 = 50 + 12,93 = 62,93 m
Do chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi l nung l:
H2 = 48 + 28,32 = 76,32 m
III.2.1.2. Xc nh h s khuych tn
- y ax0.894 , m
- z bxc d , m
Trong : Cc h s a, b, c, d c xc nh bng cch tra bng 3.3- [8]

ng vi cp n nh ca kh quyn l cp B v khong cch x xui theo chiu gi tnh t
ngun thi (ng khi): tnh cho trng hp : x < 1 km
Bng 2-11: Cc h s a, b, c, d, y, z
x, km
0,00
0.10
0,20
0,30
156,0
106,6
0
156,0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
106,6
y , m
z ,m
1,149
3,30
0,00
3,30
1,149
3,30
19,91
10,86
1,149
3,30
37,00
20,07
1,149
3,30
53,17
30,03
- 63 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
1,00
0
156,0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
156,0
0
106,6
0
1,149
3,30
68,76
40,50
1,149
3,30
83,95
51,37
1,149
3,30
98,81
62,57
1,149
3,30
113,41
74,06
1,149
3,30
127,79
85,79
1,149
3,30
141,98
97,75
1,149
3,30
156,00
109,90
c) Cc biu khuych tn :
Nng cc cht c hi khuch tn theo cc khong cch khc nhau:
Bng 2-12: Nng khuch tn cc cht c trn mt phng theo chiu gi
Ch
M,
H,
- 64 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
Cx, mg/m3
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
mg/s
m/s
nhim
SO2
745
24,
7
3,5
0,00
3,30
100
19,91
10,86
200
37,00
20,07
0.0428
300
53,17
30,03
0.0303
400
68,76
40,50
0.0202
500
83,95
51,37
0.0140
600
98,81
62,57
0.0101
700
113,41
74,06
0.0076
800
127,79
85,79
0.0059
900
141,98
97,75
0.0047
1000
156,00
109,90
0.0039
0,00
3,30
100
19,91
10,86
200
37,00
20,07
0.0428
300
53,17
30,03
0.0303
- 65 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
0
0.0236
0.0236
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
CO
NO
2
745
149
0
24,
7
24,
7
3,5
3,5
400
68,76
40,50
0.0202
500
83,95
51,37
0.0140
600
98,81
62,57
0.0101
700
113,41
74,06
0.0076
800
127,79
85,79
0.0059
900
141,98
97,75
0.0047
1000
156,00
109,90
0.0039
0,00
3,30
100
19,91
10,86
200
37,00
20,07
0.0856
300
53,17
30,03
0.0605
400
68,76
40,50
0.0404
500
83,95
51,37
0.0280
600
98,81
62,57
0.0203
700
113,41
74,06
0.0153
800
127,79
85,79
0.0119
- 66 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
0.0472
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
900
141,98
97,75
0.0095
1000
156,00
109,90
0.0077
Ta c biu khuych tn nng cc cht nhim ca cc cht nh sau:

bi u k h u yc h t n so
0.045
0.0428
0.04
0.035
0.0303
(mg/m3)
0.03
0.025
0.0236
0.0202
0.02
0.015
0.0140
0.0101
0.01
0.0076
0.0059
0.005
0
0.0000
0
100
200
300
400
500
- 67 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
600
700
800
L ANH TUN
0.00470.0039
900
1000
(m)
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
bi u k h u yc h t n c o
0.045
0.0428
0.04
0.035
0.0303
(mg/m )
0.03
0.025
0.0236
0.0202
0.02
0.015
0.0140
0.0101
0.01
0.0076
0.005
0
0
0.0000
100
200
300
400
500
- 68 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
600
700
0.0059
800
L ANH TUN
0.0047 0.0039
900
1000
(m)
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
bi u k h u yc h t n n o
0.09
0.0856
0.08
0.07
0.0605
(mg/m 3)
0.06
0.05
0.0472
0.0404
0.04
0.03
0.0280
0.0203
0.02
0.0153
0.01
0
0.0119
0.0095 0.0077
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
(m)
Tng hp 4 biu trn cng 1 h trc ta nh sau:
- 69 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
b iu k h u y h t n c a 4 c h t n h im
0.018
0.016
0.014
( mg/m3 )
0.012
SO2 , CO
NO2
Bui
0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
(m)
3.2.2. Tnh cho ma ng

a) Xc nh chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi H
H h h , m
Cp n nh ca kh quyn
- Vn tc gi cao 10 m: Vgi= 2,5 m/s
- Bc x mt tri vo ban ngy: va
Do vy cp n nh ca kh quyn l: Cp B
Tnh ton tng t nh ma h:
nng cao vt khi c xc nh theo cng thc:
- 70 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT

1
3
F 23
h 1.6
xf , m
u
Trong :
F
Vn tc pht:
F
g D 2 Tkhoi Txq
, m4/s3
4
Tkhoi
4.L
4.1,34
= 1,19 m/s
2
.D
3,14.1,2 2
9,81.1,19.1,2 2 60 13,7
.
= 0,584 m4/s3 < 55 m4/s3
4
(60 273)
1
Vy
xf = 50.0,5840,625
0,584 3
.35,74 3 = 5,8 m
= 35,74 m , suy ra : h 1,6.
2,5
Do chiu cao hiu qu ca ng khi l:

H = 22 + 5,8 = 27,8 m
b) Xc nh h s khuych tn
-
y ax0.894 , m
z bxc d , m
Trong cc h s a, b, c, d c xc nh bng cch tra bng 3.3-[8]

ng vi cp n nh ca kh quyn l cp B v khong cch x xui theo chiu gi
tnh t ngun thi (ng khi): tnh cho trng hp :(x < 1 km)
Bng 3.5: Cc h s a, b, c, d, y, z
x, km
- 71 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
y , m
L ANH TUN
z ,m
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
0,00
0.10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
156,0
106,6
1,149
3,30
0,00
3,30
1,149
3,30
19,91
10,86
1,149
3,30
37,00
20,07
1,149
3,30
53,17
30,03
1,149
3,30
68,76
40,50
1,149
3,30
83,95
51,37
1,149
3,30
98,81
62,57
1,149
3,30
113,41
74,06
1,149
3,30
127,79
85,79
1,149
3,30
141,98
97,75
- 72 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
1,00
156,0
106,6
1,149
3,30
156,00
109,90
c) Cc biu khuych tn :
Bng 3.6: Nng khuch tn cc cht c trn mt phng theo chiu gi
Ch
t
nhim
SO2
M,
mg/s
725
H,
m
27,
8
m/s
2,5
Cx, mg/m3
0,00
3,30
100
19,91
200
37,00
300
53,17
400
68,76
500
83,95
600
98,81
- 73 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
10,8
6
20,0
7
30,0
3
40,5
0
51,3
7
62,5
7
0.0161
0.0477
0.0377
0.0262
0.0185
0.0135
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
CO
725
27,
8
2,5
700
113,41
800
127,79
900
141,98
1000
156,00
0,00
100
19,91
200
37,00
300
53,17
400
68,76
500
83,95
- 74 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
74,0
6
85,7
9
97,7
5
109,
90
0.0102
0.0080
0.0064
0.0052
3,30
10,8
6
20,0
7
30,0
3
40,5
0
51,3
7
0.0161
0.0477
0.0377
0.0262
0.0185
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
600
98,81
700
113,41
800
127,79
900
141,98
1000
156,00
0,00
100
19,91
200
37,00
300
53,17
400
68,76
- 75 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
62,5
7
74,0
6
85,7
9
97,7
5
109,
90
0.0135
0.0102
0.0080
0.0064
0.0052
3,30
10,8
6
20,0
7
30,0
3
40,5
0
0.0323
0.0953
0.0754
0.0524
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
NO
2
145
0
27,
8
2,5
500
83,95
600
98,81
700
113,41
800
127,79
900
141,98
1000
156,00
51,3
7
62,5
7
74,0
6
85,7
9
97,7
5
109,
90
0.0370
0.0271
0.0205
0.0160
0.0128
0.0104
Ta c biu khuych tn nng cc cht nhim ca cc cht vo ma ng

nh sau:
- 76 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
bi u k h u yc h t n so
0.06
0.05
0.0477
(mg/m 3)
0.04
0.0377
0.03
0.0262
0.02
0.0185
0.0161
0.0135
0.0102
0.01
0.0080
0.0064 0.0052
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
- 77 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
600
700
800
L ANH TUN
900
1000
(m)
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
bi u k h u yc h t n c o
0.06
0.05
0.0477
0.04
(mg/m 3)
0.0377
0.03
0.0262
0.02
0.0185
0.0161
0.0135
0.0102
0.01
0.0080
0.0064 0.0052
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
- 78 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
600
700
800
L ANH TUN
900
1000
(m)
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
bi u k h u yc h t n n o
0.12
0.1
0.0953
(mg/m 3)
0.08
0.0754
0.06
0.0524
0.04
0.0370
0.0323
0.0271
0.0205
0.02
0.0160
0.0128 0.0104
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
(m)
Tng hp 4 biu trn cng 1 h trc ta nh sau:
- 79 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
L ANH TUN
49 dt
n MTKK v XLKT
b iu k h u y h t n c a 4 c h t n h im
0.018
0.016
0.014
( mg/m3 )
0.012
SO2 , CO
NO2
Bui
0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.002
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
- 80 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------
700
800
900
1000
L ANH TUN
(m)
49 dt

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Tính Toán Thiết Kế Hệ Thống Xử Lý Khói Thải Bên Ngoài1

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n MTKK v XLKT

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

TNH TON THIT K

- 1 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

TNH TON NNG V

I.1.2. S liu ban u

4) Thng s ngun thi

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

a) Nhin liu s dng :

- 3 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

1.2. TNH TON TH TCH KHI THI

Qh Qth Qp 275000kcal / T 50T / h 13,75 106 (kcal / h)

Qn 13,75 106 kcal / h

Khi t chy nhin liu, cc phn ng oxihoa- kh (hay gi l phn ng chy), to

I.1.3. 1.2.1. Tnh ton cho ma h

Bng 1-4: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma h

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

Cng thc tnh ton

V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)

Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0

thuyt d =20 g/kg

Lng khng kh m thc

Lng SO2 trong sn phm

Lng CO trong SPC (

V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp

Lng CO2 trong SPC (

V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp

Lng hi nc trong SPC

Lng N2 trong sn phm

- 5 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

Lng O2 trong SPC

a) Lng NOx trong sn

phm chy (Xem nh NO2)

d) Lng O2 tham gia vo

Tng lng sn phm chy

VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O +

Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 9,034 m3/h. Lu

VSPC B (273 t ) 9, 034 1890 (273 90)

- 6 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

1.2.1.2.Tnh cho l nung phi

Bng 1-5: Sn phm chy tnh cho ma h

Cng thc tnh ton

V0=0,089Cp+0,264 Hp-0,0333(Op- Sp)

Va= ( 1 + 0,0016d )V0

thuyt d =20 g/kg

Lng SO2 trong sn

Lng CO trong SPC (

V CO= 1,865.10-2. .Cp

Lng CO2 trong SPC (

V CO2 = 1,865.10-2.(1- ).Cp

- 7 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------

GVHD: PGS-TS: Nguyn Qunh Hng

Lng O2 trong SPC

a) Lng NOx trong sn

c) Lng N2 tham gia

d) Lng O2 tham gia

Tng lng sn phm

VSPC = V SO2 + V CO+ V CO2 + V H2O + V N 2 +V O2

Vy th tch sn phm chy ca l t trong ma h l: VSPC = 9,034 m3/h. Lu

- 8 ---------------------------MSSV: 6269 49--------------