UMTS

Analysis Guide

Novem ber 2005

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The cont ent of t his m anual is provided for inform at ion only , is subj ect t o change wit hout not ice, and should not be const rued as a com m it m ent by Act ix. Act ix assum es no responsibilit y or liabilit y for any errors or inaccuracies t hat appear in t his docum ent at ion. Copyright Act ix 2005- 2008. All right s reserved. All t radem arks are hereby acknowledged.

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Cont ent s
1 I NTRODUCTI ON ......................................................................................... 4 2 OPERATI ONAL TASKS AND PROCESSES ............................................................. 5
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 SI TE I NTEGRATI ON AND I NFRASTRUCTURE TESTI NG .................................................... 7 D ETAI LED CALL SEQUENCE ANALYSI S .................................................................... 8 BENCHMARKI NG AND STATI STI CAL ANALYSI S ............................................................ 9 RADI O LI NK PERFORMANCE TROUBLESHOOTI NG........................................................ 10

3 FEATURE OVERVI EW ................................................................................. 12

3.1 ACTI X ANALYZER ........................................................................................... 12 3.2 APPLI CATI ON LAYERS ...................................................................................... 13 3.2.1 Neighbor List Analysis Module ............................................................... 14 3.2.2 CPI CH Pollut ion Analysis Module ............................................................ 17 3.2.3 Handoff St at e Analysis Module ( for scanner) ........................................... 19 3.2.4 Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module .................................................................. 22 3.2.5 CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request Module ........................................ 23 3.2.6 CPI CH before call end or drop Module..................................................... 24 3.2.7 CPI CH dur ing call Module...................................................................... 25 3.2.8 CPI CH aft er call end or drop Module ....................................................... 26 3.2.9 Call Set up St at us Module ...................................................................... 27 3.2.10 Call Sequence Analysis Module ............................................................ 28 3.2.11 Call St at ist ics Module ( CS or PS) .......................................................... 29 3.2.12 Call Sust ainabilit y Module ................................................................... 30 3.2.13 Call Tim ing Analysis Module ................................................................ 31 3.2.14 File Sum m ary Module ......................................................................... 32 3.2.15 Coverage Sum m ary Module ................................................................ 33 3.2.16 Handoff Breakdown Analysis Module ( Handset ) ...................................... 34 3.2.17 SHO per event 1a- 1b- 1c Module .......................................................... 35 3.2.18 Overall BLER Module .......................................................................... 36 3.2.19 BLER Per call Module .......................................................................... 36 3.2.20 BLER during SHO Module .................................................................... 37 3.3 FI LTERS ..................................................................................................... 37 3.4 STATEFORMS ................................................................................................ 38 3.4.1 UMTS Dat a Event Navigat or .................................................................. 38 3.4.2 UMTS Dat a Session ............................................................................. 39 3.4.3 UMTS Throughput ............................................................................... 40 3.4.4 UMTS Top 10 Scan Measurem ent s ......................................................... 41 3.4.5 UMTS UE Act ive + Monit ored Set ........................................................... 42 3.4.6 UMTS UE Call I nform at ion..................................................................... 43 3.4.7 UMTS UE Measurem ent s Chart s ............................................................. 44 3.4.8 UMTS UE Radio Param et ers .................................................................. 45 3.4.9 UMTS UE Transport Channel I nfo ........................................................... 46 3.4.10 UMTS Voice Event Navigat or ( CS Only) ................................................. 47

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Act ix Analyzer UMTS Analysis Guide Novem ber 2005

I nt roduct ion 4

1 I nt roduct ion
I t is widely recognized t hat increasing product ivit y fuelled m uch of t he global econom ic expansion of t he 1990s. Technological advances in soft ware and hardware usually enable t hese product ivit y im provem ent s, alt hough t here is oft en a lag bet ween t he availabilit y of t he new t echnology, and it s widespread accept ance and deploym ent by indust ry. This gap is som et im es called t he product ivit y lag fact or. Som e exam ples of t his include t he int roduct ion of aut om at ed bank t eller t echnology in t he 1980s in t he US. When t he t echnology init ially becam e available, it was only sparingly deployed, and t he unit s were oft en placed inside bank buildings where t he product ivit y enhancem ent s t hey offered were lim it ed. Likewise, unat t ended gasoline pum p t echnology has been slow t o roll out in Europe, but as t he t echnology has becom e widely adapt ed, huge efficiency gains have been realized. The wir eless indust ry is now at a sim ilar point . I t underst ands t hat t he t radit ional laborint ensive t echniques for m axim izing perform ance and capacit y in wireless infrast ruct ure are fundam ent ally lim it ed by a lack of st ruct ured algorit hm s t o det erm ine im provem ent s. Act ix Analyzer offers t he possibilit y t o look at drive t est dat a and scanner dat a t o fully opt im ize a UMTS net work. I t allows t he engineer t o underst and t he causes and reasons for drop calls and access failures. Analyzer offers an unprecedent ed capabilit y t o execut e a det ailed exam inat ion of m essage flows and aut om at ing st at ist ical analyses of perform ance. Analyzer significant ly accelerat es t he rollout , t roubleshoot ing and opt im izat ion of t he UMTS net work. Act ix has em bedded int elligence in t he soft ware t o allow t he RF engineer t o visualize specific event s and underst and real problem s occurring in t he net work. Analyzer em bodies our ext ensive experience as t he m arket leader in opt im izat ion solut ions for CDMA, UMTS and GSM. All of t he lessons learned and t he t echniques developed over a 10- year period have been incorporat ed int o t hese powerful, vendor- independent solut ions for UMTS infrast ruct ure. This docum ent provides an overview of t he key benefit s, applicat ions and feat ures of Analyzer. For addit ional inform at ion, including whit e papers and ot her lit erat ure, please refer t o www.act ix.com .

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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 5

2 Operat ional Tasks and Processes

Act ix Solut ions em body our ext ensive experience as t he m arket leader in opt im izat ion solut ions for CDMA, UMTS and GSM. All of t he lessons learned and t he t echniques developed over a 10- year period have been incorporat ed int o t hese powerful, vendorindependent solut ions for cdm a2000, GPRS and UMTS infrast ruct ure. Analyzers Rollout Verificat ion is a novel solut ion t o t he challenge of rolling out , t roubleshoot ing and opt im izing real UMTS net works. Analyzer m ay be used in field t rial, benchm arking and operat ional set t ings t o aut om at e t he process of quant ifying net work perform ance, t hereby m it igat ing t he risk of perform ance problem s during com m ercial operat ion. Analyzer offers an unprecedent ed capabilit y t o execut e a det ailed exam inat ion of m essage flows and aut om at ing st at ist ical analyses of perform ance. Analyzer significant ly accelerat es t he rollout , t roubleshoot ing and opt im izat ion of t he UMTS net work. Act ix has em bedded int elligence in t he soft ware t o allow t he RF engineer t o visualize specific event s and underst and real problem s occurring in t he net work. Applicat ions addressed by Analyzer first becom e pert inent during t he new t echnology rollout , as shown in Figure 1. Then, as first - generat ion t echnology is rolled out for soft or com m ercial launches, Analyzer cont inues t o address a num ber of crit ical challenges. As new sit es are com ing on air and m ore cust om ers are accessing t he net work, t he real challenge for t he RF engineer is t o m axim ize t he coverage, capacit y and qualit y of service. Analyzer offers a num ber of applicat ions applicable t o t hese ongoing challenges.

Rollout Verificat ion S l R& D Tr ia ls I nit ia l Rollout I m m a t ur e Buildou t M a t ur e Gr ow t h

Figure 1: Applicabilit y of Analyzer begins in t he I nit ial Rollout and cont inues t hroughout t he lifecycle of t he net work deploym ent

Analyzer is a powerful t ool designed t o help t he RF engineer analyze dat a from scanner and handset sources. I t gives a det ailed analysis during t he whole drive rout e. From m issing neighbor t o pilot pollut ion det ect ion, t he different em bedded event s give an absolut e advant age t o t he RF engineer in underst anding t he source of different problem s. Figure 2 depict s som e of t he m aj or processes perform ed by engineering t eam s during t he init ial rollout , im m at ure buildout and m at ure growt h phases; and indicat es t he key radiolink configurat ion t asks t hat are com m on across t hese processes. The following sect ions provide an out line ( plus addit ional det ails) of t he processes and t asks t ypically perform ed during t hose phases.

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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 6

R& D / Tria ls & Pla nning

I nit ia l Rollout

I m m a t ure Buildou t

M a t ur e Gr ow t h

Pha se s

Sit e Ca libra t ion I nit ia l Te st ing

I nit ia l Cov e ra ge Ana lysis

Pr oce sse s

Subscribe r - Pe r ce ive d Pe r for m a nce

Ra dio Link Pe r for m a nce

On- going Opt im iz a t ion

N e t w or k Gr ow t h

Pow e r M e a sur e m e nt s

Sit e I n t e gr a t ion and Opt im iza t ion

Se r vice Cove r a ge Ava ila bilit y

Th r oughput a n d Ra t e s Ca lcula t ion

Ev e nt D e t e ct ions

Ta sk s

Sca n ne r a n d Dr ive Te st s Ana lysis

Be nch m a r k ing

Figure 2: Scanner and Drive t est s analysis, Sit e I nt egrat ion and Opt im izat ion are perform ed as part of crit ical processes in t he I nit ial Rollout , I m m at ure Buildout and Mat ure Grow t h phases

Analyzer allows t he user t o focus on t he following t asks for sit e int egrat ion and t est ing, coverage analysis, t roubleshoot ing and opt im izat ion:

Sit e I nt egrat ion and I nfrast ruct ure Test ing Det ailed Call Sequence Analysis Benchm arking and St at ist ical Analysis Radio Link Perform ance Troubleshoot ing Event Det ect ion and Drive Test Analysis

The following sect ions describe t he high- level capabilit ies of Analyzer for each of t hese applicat ions. Because Analyzer is based on an open archit ect ure plat form which includes
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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 7

user- definable query and open dat a im port capabilit iesit m ay be used for m any ad- hoc t roubleshoot ing and perform ance analysis t asks beyond t hose covered in t his docum ent .

2.1 Sit e I nt egrat ion and I nfrast ruct ure Test ing
Part of t he process in rolling out a net wor k is t o be able t o t est and int egrat e new sit es. Analyzer provides t he following feat ures for sit e int egrat ion and infrast ruct ure t est ing:

The file sum m ary report allows t he engineer t o have a quick look at t he overall perform ance during t he ent ire drive t est . Em bedded chart s and graphs help t o visualize key param et ers like Ec/ No or RSCP in t he act ive set . Det ailed report s on call st at ist ics on cell by cell basis User- definable queries allow creat ion of cust om ized st at ist ical analysis Aut om at ed report generat ion cont aining st at ist ical sum m aries of key perform ance indicat or

Figure 3: Chart s and graphs for UMTS sit e int egrat ion and infrast ruct ure t est ing

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2.2 Det ailed Call Sequence Analysis

Analyzer provides t hese analyses of call sequence and call set up procedures:

Det ailed call sequence analysis on a m essage by m essage basis Aut om at ed report generat ion for visualizat ion of call sequence m essages Aut om at ed report generat ion st at ist ical sum m aries of call set up problem s

Figure 4: St at ist ical sum m aries of call set up procedures and failure causes

Figure 5: Det ailed call sequence analysis

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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 9

2.3 Benchm arking and St at ist ical Analysis

Analyzer provides t he following feat ures for benchm arking and st at ist ical analysis: Aut om at ed report generat ion for quick visualizat ion of call st at ist ics such as drop calls, access failures, call sust ainabilit y, et c. Working wit h different sources of dat a t o creat e hom ogeneous set of report s for benchm arking User- defined queries allowing easy access t o different st at ist ics

Figure 6: Chart s and graphs represent ing different call st at ist ics

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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 10

Figure 7: Various call st at ist ics filt ered by cells

2.4 Radio Link Perform ance Troubleshoot ing

Analyzer m ay be used t o diagnose and det erm ine rem edial act ion for key radio- link configurat ion problem s, including:

Dist ant servers Too m any servers Unnecessarily large neighbor list s Excessive soft handoff area

Figure 8: I dent ify problem s for UMTS radio net works by visualizing pilot signals as lines draw n t o serving cells on a m ap

Radio Link Perform ance Met rics available from Analyzer will include t he following at t ribut es, depending on t he specific vendor and specific source ( handset or scanner) :

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Operat ional Tasks and Processes 11

Mobile Transm it Power, Mobile Receive Power, BLER CPI CH Ec/ No, Ec/ I o and RSCP per scram bling code Chip Offset and Delay Spread per SC Ec/ I o, RSCP and Pat hloss for Nt h best SCs CPI CH Ec/ No and SC in Act ive and Monit ored set Handoff St at e, Call I D

Figure 9: Chart s and graphs for a handoff st at e analysis

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Feat ure Overv iew 12

3 Feat ure Overview

3.1 Act ix Analyzer
Depending on t he licenses available t o you, Analyzer is able t o analyze cdm a2000, GSM, GPRS and EDGE, as well as UMTS dat a. Analyzer provides a core set of capabilit ies t o analyze net work perform ance dat a:

I nt erfaces t o a large num ber of net work perform ance dat a sources Support for a wide variet y of wireless prot ocols from t he air- int erface t o t he core net work Filt ering and binning m odule Finit e st at e event det ect ion engine Tim e- series and m ult i- dim ensional st at ist ical query m odule Dat a m erging and synchronizat ion / correlat ion m odule Mapping, chart ing, and report ing m odules Messaging and prot ocol st ack browser s Net work elem ent dat abase Open dat a im port and export m odule

Analyzers flexibilit y allows it t o be configured for a wide range of net work perform ancedat a analysis t asks.

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3.2 Applicat ion Layers

Applicat ion Layers can be added t o Analyzer t o im plem ent t ask or applicat ion specific funct ionalit y. Analyzer includes t he following applicat ion layers: UM TS Acce le r a t e d N e t w ork Rollou t Solu t ion

Neighbor List Analysis Module Handoff St at e Analysis Module CPI CH Pollut ion Module Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module

UM TS CPI CH Le v e l Ana ly sis CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request Module CPI CH before call end or drop Module CPI CH during call Module CPI CH aft er call end or drop Module

UM TS Ca ll Se t up Ana lysis Call Set up St at us Module Call Sequence Analysis Module

UM TS Ca ll St a t ist ics Call St at ist ics Module Call St at ist ics PS Module Call Sust ainabilit y Module Call Tim ing Analysis Module

UM TS Dr ive Te st Su m m a r y File Sum m ar y Module Coverage Sum m ary Module

UM TS H a ndoff Ana lysis Handoff Breakdown Analysis Module SHO per event 1a- 1b- 1c Module

UM TS Qu a lit y An a lysis Overall BLER Module BLER Per call Module BLER during SHO Module

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Feat ure Overv iew 14

3.2.1 Neighbor List Analysis Module

The Neighbor List Analysis provides an aut om at ed approach for generat ing opt im al neighbor list s and overcom ing m aj or service- degrading problem s such as m issing neighbors. The key com ponent s of t he neighbor- list analysis m odule are: Generat ion of recom m endat ions for opt im al neighbor list set t ings based on UMTS/ WCDMA scanner drive t est dat a. I nt egrat ion wit h Net work Elem ent Dat abase t o audit exist ing neighbor list s and suggest changes, and t o correlat e non- unique m easured dat a at t ribut es such as Scram bling Code wit h unique ident ifiers such as Sect or I D. The Neighbor List Module im plem ent s t he following algorit hm : Ec/ I o m easurem ent s below a noise floor are filt ered out of t he dat a set before analysis. User definable binning is used t o reduce t he num ber of m easurem ent s point s in each bin t o creat e one value per bin opt ionally, no binning at all can be applied and t he analysis will run on t he full dat a set . At each point along t he drive t est , a list of prospect ive neighbors is accum ulat ed as indicat ed in Figure 19. I f a neighbor signal is wit hin a user- definable t hreshold of t he best server in t he act ive set , t hen it is considered as a pot ent ial neighbor. Using t he geographic inform at ion in t he log file and t he SC, t he net work elem ent dat abase is searched t o ident ify t he Sect or and Cell I Ds of t he SC. A sym m et rical neighbor array is creat ed in m em ory which records t he num ber of t im es each sect or I D is seen as a prospect ive neighbor of anot her sect or I D as shown in Table 1. Once all bins in t he log file have been com piled int o t he sym m et rical m at rix, t he result s are com pared against act ual neighbor list s cont ained in t he net work elem ent dat abase and t he following are calculat ed:

a list of sect or I Ds included in t he m at rix, but not t he act ual neighbor list a list of sect or I Ds included in t he act ual list but not in t he m at rix

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Feat ure Overv iew 15

C N e igh bou r 2

D N ot a N e igh bou r

A Best Se r ve r

B N e igh bou r 1

D r ive Test Rou t e

E Ex clu de d fr om An a lysis

Figure 19: Cell A is t he best server by CPI CH Ec/ I o. Cells B and C are w it hin a user- specified t hreshold of Cell As Ec/ I o, and so are count ed as pot ent ial neighbors of A. Cell D is not wit hin t he required t hreshold and so is not count ed as a prospect ive neighbor, nor is Cell E which did not have a m easurable signal cont ribut ion at t his point in t he drive t est .

A A B C D N/ A 10 2 15

B 10 N/ A 40 0

C 2 40 N/ A 12

D 15 0 12 N/ A

Table 1: A sam ple sym m et ric prospect ive neighbor array using sect or I Ds A, B, C, and D

Lim it at ions of t he algorit hm : Result s are only produced in areas t hat have been t est ed, so t he t est areas should be carefully considered before rem oving any Sect ors from t he neighbor list s Drive t est s do not necessarily em ulat e t he radio environm ent encount ered by pedest rian and in- building users; however , walk t est s and in- building t est s m ay be included in t he analysis as desired Result s are present ed in t he following applicat ion report s: Neighbor List Sum m ary

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Neighbor List Audit Recom m ended Neighbor List s

Figure 20: A sam ple Recom m ended Neighbor List s report

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3.2.2 CPI CH Pollut ion Analysis Module

The CPI CH or Pilot Pollut ion Analysis uses an em ulat ed Act ive Set t o est im at e which pilot s would have been act ively dem odulat ed by t he UE, and t hen det ect s ot her pilot s above a user- definable t hreshold t hat cause excessive int erference. Please see t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module sect ion for m ore det ails on how t he Act ive Set is est im at ed based on WCDMA scanner m easurem ent s. The pilot pollut ion algor it hm has t hese com ponent s: Ec/ I o m easurem ent s below a noise floor are filt ered out of t he dat a set prior t o analysis. User definable binning is used t o reduce t he num ber of m easurem ent s point s in each bin t o creat e one value per bin opt ionally, no binning at all can be applied and t he analysis will r un on t he full dat a set . At each point along t he drive t est , CPI CH Ec/ I o dat a for each Scram bling Code is used t o assign SCs t o an Act ive Set or a Pollut ion Set ( please see t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module sect ion for m ore det ails) . The Pollut ion Set consist s of all SCs t hat are not in t he Act ive Set , and have a CPI CH Ec/ I o wit hin a user specified pollut ion t hreshold of t he st rongest CPI CH Ec/ I o in t he Act ive Set ( see Figure 21) . Using t he geographic inform at ion in t he log file and t he SC, t he net work elem ent dat abase is searched t o ident ify t he Sect or and Cell I Ds of t he SC. A pollut ion array is creat ed in m em ory which records t he num ber of t im es each sect or I D is seen as a source of pilot pollut ion as shown in Table 2 All bins in t he log file are t hen processed int o t he pollut ion m at rix.

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D Pollu t ion Sou r ce C Act ive Se t

A Act ive Se t D r ive Te st Rou t e

B Act ive Set

E N ot a Pollu t ion Sou r ce , or in Act ive Se t

Figure 21: Cell A, B and C are part of t he Act ive Set , as det erm ined by t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set m odule. Cell D has a CPI CH Ec/ I o wit hin a user- specified pollut ion t hreshold of t he Act iv e Set s best server Ec/ I o, and so is count ed as a cont ribut or t o pilot pollut ion at t his point in t he drive t est . Cell E has a CPI CH Ec/ I o t hat is not wit hin t his t hreshold and so is not a pollut ion source.

Se ct or I D A B C D

Pollut ion Count 0 150 45 12

Table 2: A sam ple pollut ion array indicat ing t he num ber of point s at which each sect or caused pilot pollut ion for sect or I Ds A, B, C, and D

Result s are present ed in t he Pilot Pollut ion Analysis applicat ion report as shown in Figure 22. I n addit ion, Pilot Pollut ion m ay be geographically analyzed for each SC by accessing t he Pollut ion_for_SC at t ribut e in t he workspace view.

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Figure 22: The Pilot Pollut ion Analysis report indicat es t he worst int erferers sort ed by Scram bling Code

3.2.3 Handoff St at e Analysis Module ( for scanner)

The Handoff St at e Analysis m odule uses t he em ulat ed Act ive Set t o det erm ine t he handoff st at e at each point along a drive t est . St at ist ics on handoff st at e m ay t hen be calculat ed and present ed in a report form at . Excessive handoff st at e reduces capacit y and increase infrast ruct ure cost s for a given t raffic level. Please see t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module sect ion for m ore det ails on how t he Act ive Set is est im at ed based on WCDMA scanner m easurem ent s. The handoff st at e algorit hm has t he following com ponent s:

The Act ive Set of pilot s is det erm ined using t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set m odule Using t he geographic inform at ion in t he log file and t he SC, t he net work elem ent dat abase is searched t o ident ify t he Sect or and Cell I Ds of t he SC Handoff st at e is calculat ed by det erm ining t he configurat ion of t he sect ors in t he Act ive Set as shown in Figure 23 All bins in t he log file are t hen processed int o t he handoff st at e m at rix

Report s showing t he percent age of handoff st at e for each sect or and for t he t ot al drive t est m ay t hen be calculat ed as shown in Figure 24.

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Sin gle- se ct or

3 - w a y Soft e r

3 se ct or s sa m e node B Soft e r Soft

2 se ct or s sa m e node B 3 - w a y soft Soft - soft er

2 se ct or s sa m e node B

Figure 23: The Handoff St at e Analysis exam ines Sect or I Ds involved in call at a given drive t est point and det erm ines which of t he above st at es applies, based on UMTS scanner dat a

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Figure 24: A report show ing t he percent age of drive t est in each handoff st at e for scanner dat a

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3.2.4 Em ulat ed Act ive Set Module

CPI CH Pollut ion Analysis and Handoff Analysis are bot h based on a calculat ed Act ive Set , which is det erm ined by t he Em ulat ed Act ive Set m odule. The Em ulat ed Act ive Set m odule im plem ent s t he 3GPP handoff algorit hm and uses scanner Ec/ I o m easurem ent s in conj unct ion wit h user- specific 3GPP handoff t hresholds t o em ulat e t he Act ive Set at each point along a drive t est . Figure 25 shows a sam ple set of scanner dat a for t hree individual SCs wit h color and vert ical lines indicat ing t ransit ions of pilot s int o and out of t he Act ive Set .

Figure 25: Using Scanner Ec/ I o m easurem ent s t o im plem ent 3GPP handoff algorit hm s for t he Act ive Set

Figure 26 shows t he list of at t ribut es available for m odificat ion by t he user, as indicat ed in t he 3GPP specificat ions:

Figure 26: Set t ing 3GPP handoff algorit hm at t ribut es including Report ing Range: Hyst eresis Event and Tim e t o Trigger Event

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3.2.5 CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request Module

The CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request m odule helps t he engineer t o underst and t he environm ent right before t he call st art ed or t o be m ore precise, before t he first RRC connect ion request happens. For every call in t he log file, t he report can show t he following param et ers:

Call I dent ificat ion, based on t he at t ribut e Uu_Call_id Tim e of t he first RRC Connect ion Request for a specific call Sit e t he call was placed, based on t he at t ribut e ServingCellid Scram bling Code t he call originat ed on, based on t he at t ribut e Uu_Act iveSet _SC_0 Ec/ I o of t hat sam e Scram bling Code, based on t he at t ribut e Uu_Act iveSet _EcNo_0 RSCP of t hat sam e Scram bling Code, based on t he at t ribut e Uu_Act iveSet _RSCP_0 or t he calculat ed RSCP if t he regular RSCP values are not present or were not logged. Sit e, SC, Ec/ I o and RSCP of t he Monit ored Set if applicable End result of t hat part icular call

For any of t hese param et ers, t he m odule searches 5 seconds before t he first RRC Connect ion Request for t he specific det ails. I f it cannot find t he param et ers during t hose 5 seconds, t he value No Dat a is shown. Figure 27 shows a t ypical analysis execut ed by t he CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request m odule. For t he engineer, it is an easy way t o look at t he condit ions before t he call st art ed and t he end result .

Figure 27: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he CPI CH before RRC Connect ion Request m odule

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3.2.6 CPI CH before call end or drop Module

The CPI CH before call end or drop m odule helps t he engineer t o underst and t he environm ent right before t he call ended or dropped. For every call in t he log file, t he report can show t he following param et ers:

Call I dent ificat ion, based on t he at t ribut e Uu_Call_id Tim e when t he call ended or dropped ( see event definit ions) Sit e I D of t he act ive sit e when t he call ended or dropped ( at t ribut e Ser vingCellid) Scram bling Code of t he 1 st finger in t he Act ive Set Ec/ I o of t hat sam e Scram bling Code RSCP of t hat sam e Scram bling Code Sit e, SC, Ec/ I o and RSCP of t he Monit ored Set if applicable End result of t hat part icular call

Figure 28 shows a t ypical analysis execut ed by t he CPI CH before call end or drop m odule. For t he engineer, it is an easy way t o look at t he condit ions right before t he call ended.

Figure 28: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he CPI CH before call end or drop m odule

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3.2.7 CPI CH during call Module

The CPI CH during call m odule helps t he engineer t o underst and t he environm ent during a part icular call. For every call in t he log file, t he report can show t he following param et ers:

Call I dent ificat ion Sit e I D of t he m ost com m on act ive sit e ( sit e associat ed wit h t he scram bling code of t he fir st finger in t he act ive set ) Most com m on Scram bling Code of 1 st finger in t he Act ive Set Average Ec/ I o during t he ent ire call Average RSCP during t he ent ire call Sit e I D of t he m ost com m on m onit ored sit e ( sit e associat ed wit h t he scram bling code of t he first finger in t he m onit ored set ) Most com m on Scram bling Code in t he Monit ored Set Average Ec/ I o during t he ent ire call Average RSCP during t he ent ire call End result of t hat part icular call

Figure 29 shows a t ypical analysis execut ed by t he CPI CH during call m odule. For t he engineer, it is an easy way t o look at t he average condit ions during t he call.

Figure 29: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he CPI CH during call m odule

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3.2.8 CPI CH aft er call end or drop Module

The CPI CH aft er call end or drop m odule helps t he engineer t o underst and t he environm ent right aft er t he call ended or dropped. For every call in t he log file, t he report can show t he following param et ers:

Call I dent ificat ion Tim e when t he call ended or dropped Sit e I D of t he act ive sit e when t he call ended or dropped Scram bling Code of t he 1 st finger in t he Act ive Set Ec/ I o of t hat sam e Scram bling Code RSCP of t hat sam e Scram bling Code Sit e, SC, Ec/ I o and RSCP of t he Monit ored Set if applicable End result of t hat part icular call

Figure 30 shows a t ypical analysis execut ed by t he CPI CH aft er call end or drop m odule. For t he engineer, it is an easy way t o look at t he condit ions right aft er t he call ended.

Figure 30: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he CPI CH aft er call end or drop m odule

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3.2.9 Call Set up St at us Module

The Call Set up St at us m odule offers a general overview on how and when t he call failed. The norm al call sequence should go like t his: RRC Connect ion Request ( MOC) or Paging Type1 ( MTC) RRC Connect ion Set up RRC Connect ion Com plet e MM CM Service Request ( MOC) or Paging Response ( MTC) MM CM Service Accept Aut hent icat ion Request Aut hent icat ion Accept

Securit y Mode Com m and Securit y Mode Com plet e CC Set up CC Call Proceeding Radio Bearer Set up Radio Bearer Set up Com plet e CC Alert CC Connect

I f all m essages are received properly, t he call is a success. I f it fails t o reach t he CC Connect , it should be pegged as a call failure and t his m odule should give t he reason for it . Refer t o sect ion 3.2 Event Definit ions for m ore det ails. Figure 31 shows a t ypical analysis execut ed by t he call set up st at us m odule.

Figure 31: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he call set up st at us m odule

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3.2.10 Call Sequence Analysis Module

The Call Sequence Analysis m odule offers a general over view on how call failed and when t hey failed. This m odule has t he sam e st ruct ure and analysis as t he call set up st at us m odule except for a few differences. I t doesnt sum m arize as what is t he cause of t he failure. On t he ot her hand, it gives t he call sequence wit h det ailed inform at ion on ever y call and t he out com e of it . I t gives t he engineer t he possibilit y t o look at individual calls on a m essage- by- m essage basis.

Figure 32: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he call sequence analysis m odule

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3.2.11 Call St at ist ics Module ( CS or PS)

The Call St at ist ics Module helps t he engineer t o have a quick look at t he overall perform ance during a specific drive t est . The following param et ers' st at ist ics are defined in each file: Tot al Num ber of calls: Num ber of Mobile Originat ed Calls ( MOC) + Num ber of Mobile Term inat ed Calls ( MTC) . This includes all calls, even failures. Successful I ncom ing Calls: Num ber of successful Mobile Term inat ed Calls ( MTC) . To be successful, a call needs t o follow t he call sequence as m ent ioned in sect ion 3.2 Successful Out going Calls: Num ber of successful Mobile Originat ed Calls ( MOC) . To be successful, a call needs t o follow t he call sequence as m ent ioned in sect ion 3.2 Tot al Successful Calls: Successful I ncom ing Calls + Successful Out going Calls Connect ed Percent age: Tot al Successful Calls/ Tot al num ber of calls * 100 Call Failures I ncom ing: Access Failure for a Mobile Term inat ed Call ( MTC) as defined in sect ion 3.2 Call Failures Out going: Access Failure for a Mobile Originat ed Call ( MOC) as defined in sect ion 3.2 Access Failure Rat e: Tot al Access Failures/ Tot al num ber of calls * 100 Tot al Drops: Tot al num ber of dropped calls. A dropped call is defined as one of t he following: Drop Rat e percent age: Tot al Drops/ Tot al Successful Calls * 100 Tot al Com plet ed Calls: Tot al num ber of com plet ed calls. A com plet ed call is defined as t he following: Success Rat e: Tot al com plet ed calls/ Tot al Successful Calls * 100

Figure 33: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he Call St at ist ics Module

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3.2.12 Call Sust ainabilit y Module

The call sust ainabilit y m odule helps t he engineer t o have a quick view at t he call durat ion for all calls during t he drive rout e. The st at ist ic is calculat ed on a per call basis and is t he difference in t im e when t he call ends and when t he call st art s. More precisely: Call Sust ainabilit y = Tim e when RRC Connect ion request happens ( or paging t ype 1) Tim e when call drops or ends. Figure 34 shows t he call sust ainabilit y st at ist ics and t he call durat ion dist ribut ion.

Figure 34: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he call sust ainabilit y m odule

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3.2.13 Call Tim ing Analysis Module

The Call Tim ing Analysis gives various t im e st at ist ics on differences bet ween specific m essages. I n cases where t he RRC Connect ion Request t erm inology is used, it relat es t o t he first RRC Connect ion Request m essage t ransm it t ed.

Figure 35: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he call t im ing analysis m odule

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3.2.14 File Sum m ary Module

The file sum m ary m odule helps t he engineer t o visualize quickly t he cont ent of a file. The t hresholds for t he coverage and qualit y chart s are: Coverage: Good: RSCP > - 80 dBm Fair: - 80 dBm > = RSCP > = - 95 dBm Poor: - 95 dBm > RSCP

Qualit y: Good: Ec/ I o > - 8 dB Fair: - 8 dB > = Ec/ I o > = - 15 dB Poor: - 15 dB > Ec/ I o

Figure 36: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he file sum m ary m odule

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3.2.15 Coverage Sum m ary Module

The file sum m ary m odule helps t he engineer t o visualize quickly t he st at ist ics relat ed t o t he st rongest RSCP and t he st rongest Ec/ No for a part icular file.

Figure 37: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he coverage sum m ary m odule

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3.2.16 Handoff Breakdown Analysis Module ( Handset )

The Handoff St at e Analysis m odule for handset uses t he Real Act ive Set from t he handset t o det erm ine t he handoff st at e at each point along a drive t est . St at ist ics on handoff st at e m ay t hen be calculat ed and present ed in a report form at . Excessive handoff st at e reduces capacit y and increase infrast ruct ure cost s for a given t raffic level. Please see sect ion 3.2.3 for m ore det ails on t he Handoff St at e Analysis for scanner. The handoff st at e algorit hm has t he following com ponent s: Using t he geographic inform at ion in t he log file and t he SC, t he net work elem ent dat abase is searched t o ident ify t he Sect or and Cell I Ds of t he SC Handoff st at e is calculat ed by det erm ining t he configurat ion of t he sect ors in t he Act ive Set as shown in Figure 23 Sect ion 3.3.3 All bins in t he log file are t hen processed int o t he handoff st at e m at rix The Act ual SHO Overhead represent s t he sum of all soft handoff configurat ions Report s showing t he percent age of handoff st at e for each sect or and for t he t ot al drive t est m ay t hen be calculat ed as shown in Figure 38.
Figure 38: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he handoff st at e analysis for handset

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3.2.17 SHO per event 1a- 1b- 1c Module

The SHO per event 1a- 1b- 1c m odule gives a brief sum m ary about t he different t ypes of handoff t hat occur in a file. I t shows quickly t he num ber of: Addit ion: Event 1a Rem oval: Event 1b Replacem ent : Event 1c

Also, it report s t he num ber of com plet ion for each of t hose event s and calculat es a percent age of success.

Figure 39: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he soft - handover perform ance m odule

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3.2.18 Overall BLER Module

The overall BLER ( Block Error Rat e) m odule gives a brief sum m ary about t he dist ribut ion and st at ist ical analysis of BLER for an ent ire file.

Figure 40: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he Overall BLER m odule

3.2.19 BLER Per call Module

The BLER per call m odule gives a sum m ary of t he m ain st at ist ics associat ed wit h t he BLER on a call- by- call basis. The m axim um value The m inim um value The average value for t hat part icular call

Figure 41: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he BLER per call m odule

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3.2.20 BLER during SHO Module

The BLER during SHO ( soft handover) m odule provides st at ist ics on t he downlink t ransport channel BLER aggregat ed across all SHOs and on a call- by- call basis ( not e t hat only t he calls wit h BLER m easurem ent s during t he SHO procedure will be included in t his report .

Figure 42: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he BLER during SHO m odule

3.3 Filt ers

Filt ers can be added t o Analyzer t o im plem ent t ask or applicat ion- specific funct ionalit y. Analyzer includes t he following pre- defined filt ers:

Poor Mobile Receive Power CPI CH_RSCP_in_Act iveSet [ 0] < - 95 dBm High Mobile Transm it Power UeTransm it t edPower > 0 dBm Low Mobile Transm it Power UeTransm it t edPower < - 30 dBm High Mobile Receive Power CPI CH_RSCP_in_Act iveSet [ 0] > - 80 dBm Poor Ec/ No CPI CH_EcNo_in_Act iveSet [ 0] < - 15 dB High Ec/ No CPI CH_EcNo_in_Act iveSet [ 0] > - 8 dB

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3.4 St at eform s
St at eform s can be added t o Analyzer t o im plem ent t ask or applicat ion- specific funct ionalit y. Analyzer includes t he following st at eform s:

UMTS Dat a Event Navigat or UMTS Dat a Session UMTS Throughput UMTS Top 10 Scan Measurem ent s UMTS UE Act ive + Monit or ed Set

UMTS UE Call I nform at ion UMTS UE Measurem ent s Chart s UMTS UE Radio Param et ers UMTS UE Transport Channel I nfo UMTS Voice Event Navigat or

3.4.1 UMTS Dat a Event Navigat or

The UMTS Dat a Event Navigat or st at eform allows t he engineer t o view t he ent ire drive t est wit h j ust one quick look. During a dat a session, it is possible t o keep t rack of t he following event s: GPRS_PDPCont ext Act _Successful GPRS_PDPCont ext Deact _Successful GPRS_At t ach_Successful GPRS_Det ach_Successful GPRS_PDPCont ext Act _Failure GPRS_RAU_Successful Event _Task_St art

While keeping t rack of t he current SC in t he act ive set . Figure 42 shows an exam ple of t hose different event s at different m om ent s in t im e wit h t he t rack at t he t op showing t he SC.

Figure 43: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS Dat a Ev ent Navigat or St at eform

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3.4.2 UMTS Dat a Session

The UMTS Dat a Session st at eform allows t he engineer t o view t he dat a t est ing inform at ion collect ed during a dat a session.

Figure 44: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS Dat a Session St at eform

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3.4.3 UMTS Throughput

The UMTS Throughput st at eform chart allows t he engineer t o view t he applicat ion and I P downlink t hroughput graphically for t he ent ire drive t est . This inform at ion com es from t he dat a t est ing inform at ion collect ed during t he drive t est .

Figure 45: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS Throughput St at eform

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3.4.4 UMTS Top 10 Scan Measurem ent s

The UMTS Top 10 Scan Measurem ent s st at eform allows t he engineer t o view im port ant det ails regarding t he scanner m easurem ent s. The following param et ers are displayed at any specific m om ent during t he drive t est replay:

Top 10 Scram bling Code based on t heir Ec/ I o Top 10 Ec/ I o for t hese respect ive SC Top 10 RSCP for t hese respect ive SC Global RSSI

Figure 46: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS Top 10 Scan Measurem ent s St at eform

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3.4.5 UMTS UE Act ive + Monit ored Set

The UMTS UE Act ive + Monit ored Set st at eform allows t he engineer t o visualize rapidly t he cont ent of t he act ive and m onit ored set s at any specific m om ent during t he drive t est . The following param et ers are represent ed for bot h t he act ive and t he m onit ored set s.

The Scram bling Code The Ec/ No for each of t hose scram bling code The RSCP for each of t hose scram bling code The Pat hloss if applicable

I t is a very quick way for t he engineer t o follow t he act ive and m onit ored set s. Using t he replay t ool, t he engineer can follow t he drive t est and analyze very quickly any part icular event s.

Figure 47: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS UE Act ive + Monit ored Set St at eform

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3.4.6 UMTS UE Call I nform at ion

The UMTS UE call inform at ion st at eform allows t he engineer t o have a quick view at t he following event s: I MSI Mobiles I dent ificat ion num ber used for t est ing Called Part y Num ber called for t hat part icular t est / call Calling Part y I n case of m obile t erm inat ed calls, t he num ber of t he part y t hat called Call id The call ident ificat ion based on t he UMTS call t racker Call St at e The st at e t he m obile is on. Different st at es are: I nit I dle RRC Con Request RRC Con Set up RRC Set up Com plet e Out going Call Set up I ncom ing Call Set up

Paging I n Call Securit y Mode Com m and Securit y Com plet e CC Set up Aut hent icat ion Request Aut hent icat ion Response CC Call Proceeding RAB Set up RAB Com plet e Channel Reconfig Radio Bearer Reconfig GSM Mode LAC RAC

Figure 48: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS UE Call I nform at ion St at eform

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3.4.7 UMTS UE Measurem ent s Chart s

The UMTS UE Measurem ent s Chart s st at eform allows t he engineer t o look at t he m ost im port ant inform at ion in a log file. I t is very easy t o visualize rapidly t he following param et ers:

EcNo Uu_Act iveSet _EcNo RSSI UTRA_UE_CarrierRSSI TxPower UE_TxPow SI R Uu_SI R SI R_Target Uu_Target SI R

Figure 49: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS UE Measurem ent s Chart s St at eform

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3.4.8 UMTS UE Radio Param et ers

The UMTS UE Radio Param et ers st at eform allows t he engineer t o view radio param et ers at a specific m om ent during t he drive t est . The available param et ers are:

TxPower RSSI SI R SI R Target UTRA_ARFCN_DL

Figure 50: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS UE Radio Param et ers St at eform

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3.4.9 UMTS UE Transport Channel I nfo

The UMTS UE Transport Channel I nfo allows t he engineer t o visualize t he BLER per channel and also t he aggregat e BLER.

Figure 51: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS UE Transport Channel I nfo St at eform

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3.4.10 UMTS Voice Event Navigat or ( CS Only)

The UMTS Voice Event Navigat or st at eform allows t he engineer t o view t he ent ire drive t est wit h j ust one quick look. During a session, it is possible t o keep t rack of t he following event s:

Uu_Out goingCallOK Uu_I ncom ingCallOK Uu_Out goingCallSet upFail Uu_I ncom ingCallSet upFail Uu_CallDropped Uu_CallCom plet ed

While keeping t rack of t he current SC in t he act ive set . Figure 51 shows an exam ple of t hose different event s at different m om ent s in t im e wit h t he colored t rack at t he t op showing t he SC.

Figure 52: Exam ple of a log file analyzed by t he UMTS Voice Event Navigat or St at eform

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