Gas Absorption Column Tutorial

HYSYS Tutorial for the Steady State Behavior of the Gas Absorption Column in the
Unit Operation Laboratory
Abstract
A tutorial has been prepared to show how HYSYS an be used to model a ontinuous
!as absorption proess in a pa"ed olumn# $n the absorption proess% air and CO
&
are
mi'ed before they enter the pa"ed olumn where the CO
&
is removed from the air by
water# The e(uipment used for the absorption an be represented in a HYSYS proess
flow dia!ram# $nformation about the streams an be entered from a pro!ram reated in
HYSYS# This pro!ram also uses HYSYS transport properties to alulate the linear
appro'imation of the number of transfer units and hei!ht per transfer units#

Tutorial
The purpose of this tutorial is to introdue the use of HYSYS as a modelin! tool for the
!as absorption olumn in the Unit Operations Laboratory of the hemial en!ineerin!
pro!ram# This tutorial shows how to)
build an HYSYS ase for the proess
pro!ram in HYSYS % and
use HYSYS transport properties to alulate hei!ht and transfer units#
$n this tutorial% arbon dio'ide *CO
&
+ is removed form air by water in a pa"ed olumn#
The pa"ed olumn ontains , inh Cerami $nterlo" Saddles#
What is HYSYS?
HYSYS is a simulation software desi!ned by Hyproteh# $n this tutorial% HYSYS -lant
&#&#&% *released Au!ust &...+ is used# Some of the proedure desribed within may not
apply to other versions of HYSYS#
Getting Started in HYSYS
Two versions of HYSYS are install on omputers in the Biery /oom of the Chemial
0n!ineerin! Buildin!# Care should be ta"en to ensure that the orret version is used#
After lo!!in! onto the 1indows 2T wor"stations% either of the followin! an be used to
aess HYSYS &#&#&#
3# Aessin! from the 4es"top)
4ouble li" on the HYSYS#-lant ion#
&# Aessin! usin! the -ro!ram menu)
o Cli" on Start Button
o Go to pro!rams% then A0A Tehnolo!y% followed by HYSYS -lant &#&#&
Build 5 6.7% and finally% HYSY -lant (see Figure 1)#
8i
!ure 3) Aessin! HYSYS -lant
After doin! either of the above the HYSYS plant pro!ram will open# *A blan"
window opens+#
&# To start a new ase% do one of the followin!)
5# Go to file% selet new% followed by ase
9# Hold 4own Ctrl 2
:# -ress the new ion as indiated in 8i!ure &#
8i!ure &) Openin! a new ase

Choosing a Fluid Package
One a new ase is seleted% a window opens whih shows a Simulation Basis Manager
*8i!ure 5+# This is where the fluid pa"a!es are hosen#
8i!ure 5) The Simulation Basis ;ana!er

5# Cli" on the Add< button# This will open a window% Fluid Package: Basics-1%
whih shows all the -roperty pa"a!es that are available in the database#
9# 8or the base property pa"a!e% sroll down and selet Sour PR as shown in
8i!ure 9#
8i!ure 9) seletin! the fluid pa"a!e


Selecting Components
One the fluid pa"a!e is hosen% the omponents an then be seleted# The
omponents that are used in the Gas adsorption lab are air% water and arbon
dio'ide#
:# To add omponent% li" on the omponents tab# $n the ;ath bo'% type air#
This will show a list of omponents with =air= hi!hli!hted#
7# After is hi!hli!hted% li" on the Add -ure button#
># To add water and arbon dio'ide to the list of omponents% in the
;ath bo'% separately type in h2o and co2 and then li" on Add -ure
button as was done with air# The list of omponents should be similar to
that shown in 8i!ure :#
8i!ure :) omplete omponents list
6# After the omponents are hosen% lose the Fluid Package: Basics-1
window and then li" on the 0nter Simulation 0nvironment button on
the Simulation Basic Manager window#

Setting up the Simulation n!ironment
1hen the 0nter Simulation 0nvironment button is li"ed% HYSYS opens up a -84
window# All the e(uipment of the system will be represented in -84 window# Alon!
with the -84 window HYSYS opens up an ob?et palette window *see 8i!ure 7+# $f the
ob?et palette window does not open% press 89% or !o to 8lowsheet menu and selet open
ob?et palette#
8i!ure 7) The Ob?et -alette window
@# By puttin! the mouse over eah ion on the ob?et palette% one
an see what eah ion represents# Selet the ion that says = Absorber=#

3.# After seletin! the =Absorber= ion% li" on the -84 window to insert the
olumn as a part of the e(uipment used# The ion will be named by default as TA
3..#
33# 4ouble li" on =TA3..= to open up the "#sor#er Column $nput %pert window#
3&# To name a stream% li" within the bo' orrespondin! to that stream and type the
name# Type all the inputs as indiated in 8i!ure >#

8i!ure >) 2amin! stream to the olumn
1hen all the streams are labeled% the 2e't button is ativated#
35# By li"in! 2e't% the window han!es to one that re(uires the pressure at the
top and bottom of the olumn# 8or simpliity% assume that the pressure at the top
and bottom is 3 atm# One should note that by default% HYSYS has the pressures
bein! entered in "-a# $f one does not want to overt the pressure for the olumn
into "-a% the units for the pressure an be seleted from the drop down menu as
shown in 8i!ure 6# *2ote) The pressure drop will differ for eah olumn# The
pressure drop an be alulated form e(uations and harts found in literature#+
8i!ure 6) Seletin! -ressure Units
After enterin! the pressures of the top and bottom% li" on ne't# This will han!e the
window to one where estimates of the temperature of the olumn top and bottom are
as"ed for# Sine this is optional% one an li" on the 4one button# *$f the olumn
temperature differ from the streamBambient% one should not s"ip this option#+
39# By li"in! on the 4one button% HYSYS will brin! up a window
pertainin! to the olumn# HYSYS will show a shemati of the olumn#
2ote that it shows 3. sta!es# *Later% one will see how to =han!e= those
trays to pa"in!#+ 8or now% lose that window and return to the -84#
3:# Selet =;i'er= from the ob?et palette and drop it on the -84# 4ouble li" on the
mi'er named by default =;$CA3..=# A window will pop up pertainin! to the mi'er#
37# 8or the inlet streams% type in Do&E and DairE% respetively# 8or the
outlet stream% type Dmi'ed!asesinE# *See fi!ure @+
8i!ure @) 2amin! mi'er streams#
3># After the streams of the mi'er are named% lose ;$CA3.. window# $f
the -84 loo"s =untidy=% !o to the -84 menu and selet =Auto -osition=#
One should note that all the streams on the -84 are li!ht blue% this indiates that
HYSYS has not solved for the properties of the stream# This is beause the omponents
of the streams have not been defined#
36# 4ouble li" on the =waterin= stream# A =waterin= window will pop up#
3@# 0nter the values for the vapor fration% temperature% pressure and mass flow rate
as indiated in fi!ure 3.#
8i!ure 3.) 0nterin! the stream =waterin= onditions
&.# After inputtin! the onditions% li" on =Composition=# The window will
transform to one that is re(uestin! the mole fration of the speified omponents
in the =waterin= stream#
&3# Sine this stream only onsists of water% input D3E ne't to H&O and press 0nter
on the "eyboard# A window should pop up after the input is made# $n this
window% one an speify the omposition in various bases# Ferify that mole
fration is seleted#
&&# Cli" on 2ormaliGe and then li" on OH#
After li"in! on OH% one will return to the =waterin= window# 2ear the bottom of the
window% there should be a !reen bo' with OH inside# This !reen bo' with OH inside
indiates that all the re(uired information for the stream is speified#
&5# Close the =waterin= window and return to the -84# 2ote that the
=waterin= stream is of a dar"er shade blue than all the other streams#
&9# The other inlet streams% =o&= and =air=% an be defined in a similar
way to that of the =waterin= stream# *See fi!ure 33A39+# 2ote the CO
&
stream is heated before bein! mi'ed with airI measure the atual
temperature in the lab#
8i!ure 33) Conditions for =o&= stream
8i!ure 3&) Composition of the =o&= stream
8i!ure 35) Conditions for =air= stream

8i!ure 39) Composition of =air= stream
After definin! =o&= and =air= all the inlet streams should turn blue# 2ow the olumn is
ready to be run#
&:# On the -84% double li" on =TA3..=# 1hen the olumn window pops up% li" on
the run bottom loated near the bottom of the window# The red unonver!ed bo' should
turn to !reen onver!ed if all the above proedure was followed# However% the results
that are obtained at this point are not a true model for the !as absorption olumn
beause the simulation is run usin! trays% not pa"in!#

Changing &ra's to Packing
&7# Go to the Tools menu and selet Utilities#
&># Sroll down and selet Tray siGin!#
&6# Cli" on Add Utilities button# A tra'-si(ing window should pop up#
&@# 2ame the utility D-a"in!E#
5.# Cli" on the Selet TS< button# A window should pop up similar to that of
8i!ure 3:#
53# ;a"e all the seletions shown in 8i!ure 3: and then li" on OH#
8i!ure 3:) Tray Setion Seletion
After seletin! the Tray setion% one will return to the &ra' si(ing window#
5&# Cli" on the button that says Auto Setion< The auto setion window will pop
up#
55# 8or the tray internal selet pa"ed# 1hen pa"ed is seleted% a drop down menu
bo' will appear in the window#
59# Sroll the drop down window for the desired pa"in! typeI for this ase
$nterlo" Saddles *Cerami+ 3J9Jinh#
5:# 1hen the seletion is made% li" on the 2e't button# $n the ne't window that
appears% verify that all the information is true then li" on omplete auto
setion# The tray siGin! window should appear#
57# Cli" on spes submenu of the desi!n olumn#
5># Chan!e the mode to ratin!s#
56# 0nter the diameter of the tower to be .#&@36 ft#
5@# Close &ra' si(ing windows and return to the -84 window#





diting plates
9.# 4ouble li" on =TA3..=#
93# Cli" on the 0dit Tray Button# A &ra' Section )etail window should pop up#
9&# Chan!e the urrent number of Trays from 3. to >#
95# Close the &ra' Section )etail window and return to the -84#
99# Go to the Tools ;enu and selet Utilities#
9:# 4ouble li" on =-a"in!= in the Available Utilities window that popped up#
97# The trayAsiGin! window will open# 2otie that the end setion is empty# Cli" on
the ell that says empty and selet >JTSA3 as shown in 8i!ure 37#

8i!ure 37) Seletin! the end tray
9># Ferify that the ative button is seleted#
96# Close all the tray utilities windows and return to the -84#
9@# 4ouble li" on DTA3..E#
:.# Cli" on the /atin! tab and han!e the tray diameter to .#&@36 ft#
:3# Save the simulation as Dabsorption#hsE#

Calculating the num#er o* trans*er units
The number of transfer units *2TU+ and the hei!ht per transfer units *HTU+ an
be alulated by usin! a linear appro'imation ta"en from 8roust and Gean"oplis#
$f this !as adsorption simulation is to be used for hi!hly onentrated CO
&
into
the olumn% this appro'imation mi!ht not hold and numerial inte!ration will be
needed to alulate the 2TU and HTU#
:&# Go to the Tools menu% and selet ;aro Lan!ua!e 0ditor#
:5# 0nter the followin! ode to model the olumn)

Sub ;ain
KThis pro!ram obtains raw data !athered in the lab and used HYSYS transport
properties To determine the transfer units amon! other thin!s#
K4elare Ob?ets
4im hyCase As Ob?et
4im hyAir As Ob?et
K4elare Fariables
4im temp As 4ouble

KOn 0rror GoTo 0rrorTrap
KG0TT$2G L O8 /U2S
Be!in 4ialo! User4ialo! 9..%&..
Te't &.%&3% 3&.%39% =L of runs=%#Te't3
Te'tBo' 3:.% 39%>.%&3%#runs
OHButton 37.%37.%6.%&3
0nd 4ialo!
4im dl! As User4ialo!
4ialo! dl!
$f dl!#/unsM== Then
0'it Sub
0nd $f
dlrunsMC$nt*dl!#runs+
K;a"e 0'el sheet
Set 'lAppMCreateOb?et*=0'el#appliation=+
'lApp#FisibleMTrue
'lApp#1or"boo"s#Add
'lApp#Ative1or"boo"#Ativesheet#nameM=4ata=
Set 'lSheetM'lApp#Ative1or"boo"#1or"sheets*=4ata=+
1ith 'lSheet
#Cells*3%3+#FalueM=$nputs=
#Cells*9%3+#FalueM=N ma' flow=
#Cells*:%3+#FalueM=air *SCC;+=
#Cells*7%3+#FalueM=CO& *SCC;+=
#Cells*>%3+#FalueM=Ambient temperature *C+=
#Cells*6%3+#FalueM=Condutivity *miroSiemens+=
Kfor simpliity assume all stream temperature will be e(ual to ambient e'ept
foro& temp
0nd 1ith
KSet ob?et referene to ative simulation ase *absorption#HSC+
Set hyCaseMAtiveCase
$f hyCase $s 2othin! Then
;s!Bo' =This pr!ram re(uires that the absorption#HSC be loaded=
0'it Sub
0nd $f
$f /i!ht*hyCase#8ull2ame%39+OP=absorption#hs= Then
;s!Bo'=This -ro!ram re(uires that the absorption#hs be loaded=
0'it Sub
0nd $f
KSet ob?et referene to material streams in absorption#HSC
Set hyAirMhyCase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=air=+
Set hyo&Mhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=o&=+
Set hywaterMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=waterin=+
Set hyLoutMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=li(uid out=+
Set hyolumnMhyase#8lowsheet#Operations#$tem*=TA3..=+#Column8lowsheet
Set hy!asMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=mi'ed!asesin=+
Set hyGoutMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=!asesout=+
runM3
4o
KGet the raw data
Call 4ialo!Bo'*water% air% o&% temp% ond+
KSettin! All $nput stream e'ept o& to ambient
hyair#Temperature#SetFalue temp%=C=
hywater#Temperature#SetFalue temp%=C=
KCalibration urves should be done for eah e'perimentsQQ
waterflowM.#9.7>RwaterS5.#.55 K!Bs *water alibration only !ood for data
between &.T7.N ma' flow+
airflowM&#3:9:R3.UA:Rair K!Bs
o&flowMo&R5R3.UA:A>R3.UA3@ K!Bs
KSettin! flow rates in HYSYS#
hyair#;ass8low#SetFalue airflow%=!Bs=
hyo&#;ass8low#SetFalue o&flow%=!Bs=
hywater#;ass8low#SetFalue waterflow%=!Bs=
Krelatin! ondutivity to mole fration * in e'periment mole fration were related
to pH was related to ondutivityI all relationship was assumed linear and the
followin! was derived form this+
'oute'p M ondR>#&9&R3.UA6S@#:@7R3.UA6
blablaMhyLout#Component;olar8rationFalue
K'lsheet#ells*35%5+#FalueMblabla*.+
K'lsheet#ells*35%5+#FalueMblabla*3+
'outMblabla*&+
diffMAbs**'outA'oute'p+B'outR3..+
!asinMhy!as#Component;olar8rationFalue
yinM!asin*&+
!asoutMhyGout#Component;olar8rationFalue
youtM!asout*&+
yinstarM.#39&R3.U9R'out
youtstarM.#.
'instarMyoutB*#39&R3.U9+
'outstarMyinB*#39&R3.U9+
'inM.#.
!Mhy!as#;olar8low#GetFalue
LMhywater#;olar8low#GetFalue

KCalulatin! HTU and 2TUKs
f3MLo!**youtstarAyout+B*yinstarAyin++
2o!Mf3R**youtAyin+B**youtstarAyout+A*yinstarAyin+++
Ho!M&#.R2o!UA3
f&MLo!**A'instarS'in+B*A'outstarS'out++
2olMf&R**A'outS'in+B**'inA'instar+A*'outA'outstar+++
HolM&#.R2olUA3
dM#&@3>6
sM5#393:@&7:9R*#&@3>6U&#.+B9#.
"yaM!R*Ho!Rs+UA3
"'aMLR*HolRs+UA3
mMA"'aB"ya
uM*"yaUA3AmR"'aUA3+
wMuUA3
H!M!R*wRs+UA3
2!M&#.RH!UA3
HlM*Ho!AH!+RLR*mRG+UA3K8roust
2lM&#.RHlUA3
KOutput alulated stuff
1ith 'lSheet
#Cells*5%3+M=/un L )=
#Cells*5%3Srun+#FalueMrun
#Cells*9%3Srun+#FalueMwater
#Cells*:%3Srun+#FalueMair
#Cells*7%3Srun+#FalueMo&
#Cells*>%3Srun+#FalueMtemp
#Cells*6%3Srun+#FalueMond
#Cells*33%3+#FalueM=0'perimental 'out=
#Cells*33%3Srun+#FalueM'oute'p
#Cells*3&%3+M=HYSYS -redited 'out=
#Cells*3&%3Srun+#FalueM'out
#Cells*3.%3+M=Output=
#Cells*35%3+M=4ifferene N in 'outKs=
#Cells*35%3Srun+#FalueMdiff
#Cells*3:%3+M=2o!=
#Cells*3:%3Srun+#FalueM2o!
#Cells*3>%3+M=2ol=
#Cells*3>%3Srun+#FalueM2ol
#Cells*37%3+M=Ho! *ft+=
#Cells*37%3Srun+MHo!
#Cells*36%3+M=Hol *ft+=
#Cells*36%3Srun+#FalueMHol
#Cells*3@%3+M=2!=
#ells*3@%3Srun+#FalueM2!
#ells*&.%3+M=H! *ft+=
#ells*&.%3Srun+#FalueMH!
#ells*&3%3+M=2l=
#ells*&3%3Srun+#FalueM2l
#ells*&&%3+M=Hl *ft+=
#ells*&&%3Srun+#FalueMHl
#ells*39%3+M=yout=
#ells*39%3Srun+Myout
#ells*&5%3+M=yin=
#ells*&5%3Srun+M yin
0nd 1ith
runMrunS3
Loop Until runPdlruns
Call onfi!
KAutofit olumn A $n wor"sheet '3sheet
'lsheet#olumns*=A=+#Autofit
0rrorTrap)
;s!Bo' = The followin! error oured) = T 0rror*0rr+
0nd Sub
Sub 4ialo!Bo'*dlwater%dlair%dlo&%dltemp% dlond+
Be!in 4ialo! User4ialo! 9..%&..
Te't &.%&3%3&.%39%=water in=%#Te't3
Te't &:.%&3%>.%39%=Nma' flow=%#Te't&
Te't &.%9@%3&.%39%=Air in=%#Te't5
Te't &:.%9@%>.%39%=SCC;=%#te't9
Te't &.%>>%3&.%39%=CO& in=%#Te't:
Te't &:.%>>%>.%39%=SCC;=%#te't7
Te't &.%3.:%3&.%39%=/m#Temperature=%#te't>
Te't &:.%3.:%>.%39%=C=%#te't6
Te't &.% 35:%6.%39%=Condutivity=%#te't@
Te't &:.%35:%6:%39%=miroSiemens=%#te't3.
Te'tBo' 3:.%39%@.%&3%#water
Te'tBo' 3:.%9&%@.%&3%#air
Te'tBo' 3:.%>.%@.%&3%#o&
Te'tBo' 3:.%3..%@.%&3%#temp
Te'tBo' 3:.% 35.%@.%&3%#ond
OHButton 37.%37.%6.%&3
0nd 4ialo!
4im dl! As User4ialo!
4ialo! dl!
K$f dl!#waterM==Then
K;s!Bo' =-lease enter the N ma' flow of water used=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
K$f dl!#airM==Then
K;s!Bo' =-lease enter the volmetri flow rate of the air=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
K$f dl!#o&M==Then
K;s!Bo' =-lease enter the volmetri flow rate of CO&=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
dlwaterMC4bl*dl!#water+
dlairMC4bl*dl!#air+
dlo&MC4bl*dl!#o&+
dltempMC4bl*dl!#temp+
dlondMC4bl*dl!#ond+
K$f dlwater OM. Then
K;s!Bo' =N ma' flow of water must be !reater than .=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0lse$f dlwater P3.. Then
K;s!Bo' =N ma' flow of water must be less than 3..=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
K$f dlair O. Then
K;s!Bo' =air flow must be !reater than .=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
K$f dlo& O. Then
K;s!Bo' =CO& flow must be !reater than .=
K4ialo!Bo'
K0nd $f
0nd Sub

:9# After the ode as been entered% save it with the name =ode&=#
::# Go the -84 and double li" on DTA3..E#
:7# Cli" on the -arameters tab and then selet the 0ffiienies submenu#
:># Chan!e the effiieny to .#.:
:6# Cli" the e'eute button in the ode window#
:@# 0nter the inputs as indiated in Table 3#
Table 3) inputs to he" effiieny

7.# The e'el spreadsheet reated should show a per ent differene in the 'outs to
be &#@> N#
73# By trial and error% !uess new effiienies for the tray and rerun the pro!ram until
the perent differene in the 'outs are less than 3N#
7&# The effiieny should be around .#.:36#
75# After the effiieny of the olumn is done% the simulation is then ompleted and
an be used for further analysis#
79# To use the pro!ram in the future% first open Dabsorption#hsE then selet ;aro
Lan!ua!e 0ditor from the Tools menu# 2e't% open ode from the dis" that it was
stored on# Then run the pro!ram#
1ith the simulation model of the Gas absorption olumn% the ode entered above an be
ad?usted so that HYSYS an be used to predit what will happen in the lab#
7:# 0nter the followin! ode to predit the results that should be obtained in the lab#
Sub ;ain
KThis pro!ram obtains proposed raw data to be used in the lab and used HYSYS
transport properties to determine the transfer units amon! other thin!s#
K4elare Ob?ets
4im hyCase As Ob?et
4im hyAir As Ob?et
K4elare Fariables
4im temp As 4ouble

KG0TT$2G L O8 /U2S
Be!in 4ialo! User4ialo! 9..%&..
Te't &.%&3% 3&.%39% =L of runs=%#Te't3
Te'tBo' 3:.% 39%>.%&3%#runs
OHButton 37.%37.%6.%&3
0nd 4ialo!
4im dl! As User4ialo!
4ialo! dl!
$f dl!#/unsM== Then
0'it Sub
0nd $f
dlrunsMC$nt*dl!#runs+
K;a"e 0'el sheet
Set 'lAppMCreateOb?et*=0'el#appliation=+
'lApp#FisibleMTrue
'lApp#1or"boo"s#Add
'lApp#Ative1or"boo"#Ativesheet#nameM=4ata=
Set 'lSheetM'lApp#Ative1or"boo"#1or"sheets*=4ata=+
1ith 'lSheet
#Cells*3%3+#FalueM=$nputs=
#Cells*9%3+#FalueM=N ma' flow=
#Cells*:%3+#FalueM=air *SCC;+=
#Cells*7%3+#FalueM=CO& *SCC;+=
#Cells*>%3+#FalueM=Ambient temperature *C+=
Kfor simpliity assume all stream temperature will be e(ual to ambient e'ept foro&
temp
0nd 1ith
KSet ob?et referene to ative simulation ase *absorption#HSC+
Set hyCaseMAtiveCase
$f hyCase $s 2othin! Then
;s!Bo' =This pr!ram re(uires that the absorption#HSC be loaded=
0'it Sub
0nd $f
$f /i!ht*hyCase#8ull2ame%39+OP=absorption#hs= Then
;s!Bo'=This -ro!ram re(uires that the absorption#hs be loaded=
0'it Sub
0nd $f
KSet ob?et referene to material streams in absorption#HSC
Set hyAirMhyCase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=air=+
Set hyo&Mhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=o&=+
Set hywaterMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=waterin=+
Set hyLoutMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=li(uid out=+
Set hyolumnMhyase#8lowsheet#Operations#$tem*=TA3..=+#Column8lowsheet
Set hy!asMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=mi'ed!asesin=+
Set hyGoutMhyase#8lowsheet#;aterialStreams*=!asesout=+
runM3
4o
KGet the raw data
Call 4ialo!Bo'*water% air% o&% temp+
KSettin! All $nput stream e'ept o& to ambient
hyair#Temperature#SetFalue temp%=C=
hywater#Temperature#SetFalue temp%=C=
KCalibration urves should be done for eah e'perimentsQQ
waterflowM.#9.7>RwaterS5.#.55 K!Bs *water alibration only !ood for data between
&.T7.N ma' flow+
airflowM&#3:9:R3.UA:Rair K!Bs
o&flowMo&R5R3.UA:A>R3.UA3@ K!Bs
KSettin! flow rates in HYSYS#
hyair#;ass8low#SetFalue airflow%=!Bs=
hyo&#;ass8low#SetFalue o&flow%=!Bs=
hywater#;ass8low#SetFalue waterflow%=!Bs=
K!ettin! 'out
blablaMhyLout#Component;olar8rationFalue
'outMblabla*&+
!asinMhy!as#Component;olar8rationFalue
yinM!asin*&+
!asoutMhyGout#Component;olar8rationFalue
youtM!asout*&+
yinstarM.#39&R3.U9R'out
youtstarM.#.
'instarMyoutB*#39&R3.U9+
'outstarMyinB*#39&R3.U9+
'inM.#.
!Mhy!as#;olar8low#GetFalue
LMhywater#;olar8low#GetFalue

KCalulatin! HTU and 2TUKs
f3MLo!**youtstarAyout+B*yinstarAyin++
2o!Mf3R**youtAyin+B**youtstarAyout+A*yinstarAyin+++
Ho!M&#.R2o!UA3
f&MLo!**A'instarS'in+B*A'outstarS'out++
2olMf&R**A'outS'in+B**'inA'instar+A*'outA'outstar+++
HolM&#.R2olUA3
dM#&@3>6
sM5#393:@&7:9R*#&@3>6U&#.+B9#.
"yaM!R*Ho!Rs+UA3
"'aMLR*HolRs+UA3
mMA"'aB"ya
uM*"yaUA3AmR"'aUA3+
wMuUA3
H!M!R*wRs+UA3
2!M&#.RH!UA3
HlM*Ho!AH!+RLR*mRG+UA3K8roust
2lM&#.RHlUA3
KOutput alulated stuff
1ith 'lSheet
#Cells*5%3+M=/un L )=
#Cells*5%3Srun+#FalueMrun
#Cells*9%3Srun+#FalueMwater
#Cells*:%3Srun+#FalueMair
#Cells*7%3Srun+#FalueMo&
#Cells*>%3Srun+#FalueMtemp
#Cells*33%3+#FalueM=Li(uid molar flow *"!molBhr+=
#Cells*33%3Srun+#FalueML
#Cells*35%3+M= 'out *HYSYS predited+=
#Cells*35%3Srun+#FalueM'out
#Cells*3.%3+M=Output=
#Cells*3&%3+M=Gas molar flow *"!molBhr+=
#Cells*3&%3Srun+#FalueM!
#Cells*3:%3+M=2o!=
#Cells*3:%3Srun+#FalueM2o!
#Cells*3>%3+M=2ol=
#Cells*3>%3Srun+#FalueM2ol
#Cells*37%3+M=Ho! *ft+=
#Cells*37%3Srun+MHo!
#Cells*36%3+M=Hol *ft+=
#Cells*36%3Srun+#FalueMHol
#Cells*3@%3+M=2!=
#ells*3@%3Srun+#FalueM2!
#ells*&.%3+M=H! *ft+=
#ells*&.%3Srun+#FalueMH!
#ells*&3%3+M=2l=
#ells*&3%3Srun+#FalueM2l
#ells*&&%3+M=Hl *ft+=
#ells*&&%3Srun+#FalueMHl
#ells*39%3+M=yout=
#ells*39%3Srun+Myout
#ells*&5%3+M=yin=
#ells*&5%3Srun+M yin
#ells*&9%3+M='in=
#ells*&9%3Srun+M 'in
0nd 1ith
runMrunS3
Loop Until runPdlruns
Call onfi!
KAutofit olumn A $n wor"sheet '3sheet
'lsheet#olumns*=A=+#Autofit
0nd Sub
Sub 4ialo!Bo'*dlwater%dlair%dlo&%dltemp+
Be!in 4ialo! User4ialo! 9..%&..
Te't &.%&3%3&.%39%=water in=%#Te't3
Te't &:.%&3%>.%39%=Nma' flow=%#Te't&
Te't &.%9@%3&.%39%=Air in=%#Te't5
Te't &:.%9@%>.%39%=SCC;=%#te't9
Te't &.%>>%3&.%39%=CO& in=%#Te't:
Te't &:.%>>%>.%39%=SCC;=%#te't7
Te't &.%3.:%3&.%39%=/m#Temperature=%#te't>
Te't &:.%3.:%>.%39%=C=%#te't6
Te'tBo' 3:.%39%@.%&3%#water
Te'tBo' 3:.%9&%@.%&3%#air
Te'tBo' 3:.%>.%@.%&3%#o&
Te'tBo' 3:.%3..%@.%&3%#temp
OHButton 37.%37.%6.%&3
0nd 4ialo!
4im dl! As User4ialo!
4ialo! dl!
dlwaterMC4bl*dl!#water+
dlairMC4bl*dl!#air+
dlo&MC4bl*dl!#o&+
dltempMC4bl*dl!#temp+

0nd Sub
77# Save the pro!ram as =ode3=#

Case Study 1
Before the lab e'periments are onduted% it is advisable that one has an understandin!
of what should happen# DCode3E an be used to predit the results that are e'peted#
7># /un the pro!ram =ode3=#
76# 0nter the number of runs as 5#

7@# ;a"e the 5 entries for eah run as shown in table &#
Table &) Case Study 3 inputs#

>.# The 0'el outputs from the pro!ram should be similar to those in Table 5#
Table 5) 0'el outputs for Case Study#


Making McCabe-Thiele Diagram
" McCa#e-&hiele )iagram can #e made in %cel using +,S,S generated composition
num#er *or each stage- &he method descri#ed #elo. .ill #e using the stage composition
num#er *or Run / 1 a#o!e- Rerun code 1 .ith onl' those num#ers- " program can #e
de!eloped to do make multiple diagrams at once- $t is up to the user to use the made
descri#ed #elo. to make such a program-
01- &o make a plot o* the e1uili#rium cur!e2 e1uili#rium data is needed- &he
e1uili#rium data *or C3
2
can #e *ound using +enr'4s 5a.2 e1uation 1 (From
handout)-
(1)
.here ' is mole *raction o* C3
2
in the !apor2 % is the mole *raction C3
2
in the
li1uid2
and & is the temperature in C-
Since the temperature .as assumed to #e 26 C2 " 7 1819-61-
From this the line can #e generated: use !alues *or % 7 ;2 and % 7 ;-;;;;1-
02- For the operating line data2 the !alues that are needed are those o* the inlet and
outlet streams- &he coordinate pairs are (%in2'out) and (%out2 'in)- From sheet
12 %in7;2 'in7;-;10<<2 %out71-=>-;82 'out 7 ;-;12=-
0>- $n +,S,S2 on the PF)2 dou#le click on &-1;;-
09- Click on the Per*ormance ta#-
06- Click on the Result on the Per*ormance ta#-
08- Click on the ta#le #utton-
00- ?hen the Pro*ile &a#le .indo. open2 click on the Properties #utton-
0=- " ne. .indo. should open- $n this ne.2 *or the #asis2 ensure that Molar is
selected: *or the phase2 select @apour and 5ight 5i1uid: *or the Comp Basis2
select *raction: and *or the components2 select onl' C32-
0<- Close the propert' !ie. .indo. and return to the Pro*ile ta#le .indo.-
=;- $n the ta#le2 select the stages and li1uid and !apour composition columns-
=1- +old do.n ACrtl4 and AC4 on the ke' #road to cop' these !alues-
=2- 3n sheet 2 o* the e%cel spreadsheet generated a#o!e2 right click in a cell and
select paste special *rom the menu- $* 'ou select paste2 these !alue .ill change
e!er' time that a#sorption-hsc is ran and the e%cel *ile is open since a regular
pasting .ill create a link-
=>- $n the .indo. that pops up2 select to paste as a te%t- &he num#ers should #e
pasted as this time- Check to make sure the' are correct-
=9- 5a#el the columns accordingl'-
=6- Set up a matri% in .hich the steps can #e dra.n (see &a#le 9)-
&a#le 9: )ata to make McCa#e-&heile diagram-
=8- Bse e%cel to plot the cur!e (see Figure 10)-
Figure 10: McCa#e-&hiele )iagram *or Run 1-
From the McCa#e-&hiele diagram2 the e**icienc' can #e determined i* the pack is
represented as plates-
Case Study 2
"*ter the la# is conducted2 the results o#tained *rom the la# can #e compared to those
o#tained in +,S,S- $n this case stud'2 the *lo. rate o* the C3
2
is !aried (2;29;2 8;
SCCM)2 .hile the .ater and air *lo. rates are kept constant at 2; C ma% *lo. and
1;;; SCCM2 respecti!el'-
=0- Run the program Dcode2D-
==- nter the num#er o* runs as >-
=<- Make the > entries *or each run as sho.n in ta#le 6-

&a#le 6: Case Stud' 2 inputs-
<;- &he %cel outputs *rom the program should #e similar to those in &a#le 8-
&a#le 8: %cel outputs *or Case Stud'-
3ne should note that the C di**erence in the %outs (C3
2
in li1uid out) increase as the
C3
2
concentration into the increases- &his .as e%pected #ecause the e**icienc' *or the
column .as determined *rom using a lo. !alue *or the *eed o* C3
2
- Changing the
e**icienc' o* column *or each *eed *lo. can recti*' this pro#lem: ho.e!er2 this is not
!er' time e**ecti!e- So it is recommended that e**icienc' *or the lo. *lo. rate #e kept
#ecause the E&B are calculated #ased on appro%imation *or lo. concentrations-
Since the gas *eed to the column is relati!el' dilute2 the li1uid *ilm .ill #e controlling
the a#sorption2 and +ol and Eol are the pre*erred trans*er units to determine the
separation e**ecti!eness o* the column- $n &a#le 92 it is sho.n that *or a lo.est C3
2
in
('in) the Eol is largest .hich indicates a relati!el' #etter separation- 3ther case studies
can #e done #' !ar'ing the .ater andFor air *lo. rate(s)-

References
Foust2 "- S- et al-2 Principles o* Bnit 3perations- Gohn ?ile' and Sons2 Ee. ,ork2 1<=;-
Heankopolis2 C- G-2 &ransport Processes and Bnit 3perations >
rd
ed-2 Prentice +all2
ngle.ood Cli**s2 EG2 1<<>-