Clap counter using 8051 microcontroller (AT89C51)

Summary
Description
Circuit Diagram
Code
Components
Summary
This article explains the concept behind interfacing a sound sensor with the 8051
microcontroller (T8!C51"# This pro$ect increases the count by one e%ery time a sound is
produced# &t wor's well with the sound of a clap# The number of claps is displayed on an
(CD module# The circuit consists of four modules) namely) a sound sensor) an
amplifying circuit) a control circuit and a display module# The code for interfacing the
sound sensor with the *C+ is written in C language#
Description

The connections of different modules are shown in the circuit diagram# The data pins of
the (CD are connected to port ,-) while the control pins (.S) ./0 1 23" are connected
to pins 145 of port ,1of T8!C51) respecti%ely# The microcontroller recei%es sound
pulses through the first pin of port ,0#
condenser microphone is used to sense the sound produced by the clap# This mic is
connected to a two stage transistor amplifier# The mic output is thus amplified to a
suitable le%el so that it can be detected at the TT( logic# switching circuit made from a
single transistor is also employed after the amplifier# The purpose of this circuit is to
con%ert the analog signals into discrete digital signals) which are used as input for the
*C+#
The output of the amplifier is coupled with a transistor switch# 0hene%er a high %oltage
output is recei%ed from the amplifier) it generates a pulse# The transistor switching circuit
also ensures that a high TT( logic is not recei%ed at the microcontroller due to noise
signals#
The pulse) from the switching circuit) is fed to the microcontroller) which is programmed
to detect the pulses# 2%ery time a pulse in detected) the count %alue is increased by one#
The output is displayed on a 16x- (CD screen#
The sensiti%ity of the sound sensor can be increased by impro%ing the circuit of the
amplifying unit# n op4amp can be used to increase the sensiti%ity#


Circuit Diagram
Code
// Program to count the number of clap
#include<reg51.h>
#define port P1
#define dataport P2 //Data Port for LCD
#define sec 1
sbit rs ! port"#
sbit r$ ! port"1#
sbit e ! port"2#
sbit sensor%input!P"#
unsigned char str&'1(!)* *+* *+* *+* *+* *+* *+* *+* *+* *+* *,#
-oid dela./unsigned int msec0 // 1ime dela. function
)
int i+2 #
for/i!#i<msec#i330
for/2!#2<1245#2330#
,
-oid lcd%cmd/unsigned char item0 // 5unction to send command
)
dataport ! item#
rs! #
r$!#
e!1#
dela./10#
e!#
return#
,
-oid lcd%data/unsigned char item0 // 5unction to send data
)
dataport ! item#
rs! 1#
r$!#
e!1#
dela./10#
e!#
return#
,
-oid lcd%data%string/unsigned char 6str0 // 5unction to send string
)
int i!#
$hile/str'i(7!*8*0
)
i33#
,
$hile/i>!0
)
lcd%data/str'i(0#
i99#
dela./10#
,
return#
,
-oid con-ert/int num0 // 5unction to e:tract digits and send to LCD
)
int i!#
$hile/num>0
)
str&'i(!/num;103<=#
num!num/1#
i33#
,
str&'i(!*8*#
,

-oid main/0
)
int count!#
sensor%input!1#
sensor%input!#
lcd%cmd/:&=0#
lcd%cmd/:e0#
lcd%cmd/:10#
$hile/10
)
sensor%input!#
$hile/sensor%input!!0#
if/sensor%input!!10
)
lcd%cmd/:10#
count33#
con-ert/count0#
lcd%cmd/:=20#
lcd%data%string/str&0#
,
,
,

Components
Condenser *icrophone
(CD
*icrocontroller T8!C51
,reset
Transistor 7C589
Transistor 7C588
-51 reads