Stress>internalforcedistributionStrain>deformationoftheobject

Deformation :Changeinshapeand/orsizeofthebodyunderaforce
Howtodescribethedeformationofabody's
changeinlengthoflinesegmentsand
changesinanglesbetweenthem?
NormalStrain :Changeinlengthofalineperunitlength
Averagenormalstrain
e
ug
=
As
|
-As
As
e = lim
B to A uIong n

As
|
-As
As
"+"forelongation(tensilestrain)""forcontraction(compressivestrain)
Note :Normalstrainisa dimensionless quantity
ShearStrain :Changeindirection(angle)y
Engineeringshearstrain
y
nt
=
n
2
- lim
BA uIong n
CA uIong t
0
"+"for0 <
n
2
positiveshear
""for0 >
n
2
negativeshear
Chapter2Strain
Chapter 2 Strain Page 1
tony =
o
I
s
Usingsmallangleassumption,tony = y.Therefore,shearstraincanbeapproximatedasy = oI
s
Example21
Bungeecorddimensions:initiallength=15ft,diameter=1.4in.
Afterabungeejumperhascometorest,thelengthofthebungeecordis28ft.
Determinetheaveragenormalstrainofthebungeecordandifthejumperweighs200lbs,calculatethe
averagenormalstressinthebungeecord.
CartesianStrainComponents
Sixstrain(threenormalandthreeshear)cancompletelydescribethestateofstrain. 1.
Normalstrainscauseachangeinvolumeandshearstraincauseachangeinitsshape. 2.
Note
Chapter 2 Strain Page 2
Example22(Ex2.2)
WhenforcePisappliedtotherigidleverarmABC,thearmrotatescounterclockwiseaboutpinA
throughanangleofu.uS.DeterminethenormalstraindevelopedinwireBD.
Example23
TheaveragenormalstrainalongthesideAB a.
TheaverageshearstrainintheplateatArelativetothexandyaxes. b.
Duetoaloading,theplateisdeformedintothedashedshapeasshown.Determine
Chapter 2 Strain Page 3
Example24(2.5)
ThetwowiresareconnectedtogetheratA.IftheforcePcausespointatobedisplacedhorizontally
2mm,determinethenormalstraindevelopedineachwire.
Chapter 2 Strain Page 4
e
ug
=
As
|
-As
As
y
nt
=
n
2
- lim
BC uIong n
CA uIong t
0
Threenormalstresses:o
x
, o

, o
z
Threeshearstresses:
x
,
xz
,
z
Stress/StrainSummary
Chapter 2 Strain Page 5