RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

bMi cwiPvjb
1.0 f~wgKv
‡m›Uvi di cwjwm WvqvjM (CPD), cÖ_g Av‡jv I The Daily Star- Gi mn‡hvwMZvq RvZxq bxwZ ch©v‡jvPbv
†dvivg 2003 kxl©K msjvc wmwi‡R ÔbMi cwiPvjbÕ GKwU Ab¨Zg ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq| wmwcwW (CPD)Õi D‡`¨v‡M
2001 m‡b bMi cwiPvjb (Urban Governance) wel‡q cÖ_g †h Uv¯‹ †dvm© MwVZ n‡qwQj g~jZ Zvi `ywU j¶¨
wQj| j¶¨ `ywU n‡”Qt
1) evsjv‡`‡ki bMi Lv‡Zi cÖavb mgm¨v ev P¨v‡jÄmg~n wPwýZ Kiv Ges GKwU MYZvwš¿K, ¯^”Q I
Revew`wnZvg~jK cwiPvj‡bi gva¨‡g wKfv‡e Gme P¨v‡jÄ ‡gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq Zvi Rb¨ wKQy mycvwik
ˆZwi Kiv; Ges
2) mycvwikmg~n ev¯—evq‡bi †KŠkj D™¢veb Kiv|
eZ©gvb Uv¯‹ †dv‡m©i KiYxq n‡jv, 2001 m‡bi RvZxq wbe©vPb cieZx© weMZ cÖvq 20 gv‡m bMi cwiPvjb
†¶‡Î wK ai‡bi AMÖMwZ mvwaZ n‡q‡Q, Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| G cÖm‡½ miKv‡ii cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ c¶mg~‡ni
gZvgZ I f~wgKvi K_vI Av‡jvwPZ n‡Z cv‡i|
2.0 bMiLv‡Zi cÖavb P¨v‡jÄmg~n
evsjv‡`‡ki bMivq‡Yi ‡gŠwjK mgm¨vmg~n `yÕ¯—‡i we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ, mvgwMÖKfv‡e fvimvg¨nxb
bMivq‡Yi mgm¨v Avi wØZxqZ, bMimg~‡ni Af¨š—ixb mgm¨v|
2.1 fvimvg¨nxb bMivqY
evsjv‡`‡ki bMivq‡Y fvimvg¨nxbZvi ¯^v¶i my¯úó| cwiKíbvi Afv‡e ev Gi `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y A_ev
mywPwš—Zfv‡e Dbœqb wewb‡qvM e¨e¯’v bv nIqvq †`‡k fvimvg¨nxb bMivqY NU‡Q| djkÖ“wZ‡Z Avgiv †`wL
XvKv kn‡i gvÎvwZwi³ wewb‡qvM I MÖvg-kni Rb-¯’vbvš—‡ii gva¨‡g RbmsL¨v e„w× Avi XvKvi evB‡i gvÎ
¸wUKq eo kn‡ii RbmsL¨vi e„w× I bMi Dbœqb| Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e gvSvwi I †QvU knimg~‡n cÖK…Z Dbœqb
N‡Uwb, Aek¨ †m me kn‡ii A‡bK ¸‡jv‡ZB RbmsL¨v †e‡o‡Q| Gme Kvi‡Y AÂj wfwËK bMivq‡Yi ˆelg¨
M‡o D‡V‡Q| †gvU K_v evsjv‡`‡ki bMi e¨e¯’vq (Urban System) fvimvg¨nxbZv we`¨gvb|
2.2 bMi wfwËK mgm¨v
bMi wfwËK mgm¨vmg~n †gMvwmwU XvKv †_‡K ïi“ K‡i ‡h †Kvb †QvU kni ch©š— `„k¨gvb| cÖwZwU mgm¨vi
mgvavb cÖ‡PóvB GK GKwU P¨v‡jÄ| Gme mgm¨vi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qt
1. AvBb k„•Ljvi mgm¨v, Gi mv‡_ mswk-ó n‡”Q mš¿vm, Aciva cÖeYZv I Rbg‡b wbivcËvi Afve| GB
wbivcËvnxbZv w`b w`b evo‡Q;
2. cwienb I wewfbœ †mev cwi‡mevi AcÖZzjZv (cvwb, cqtwb®‹vkb, we`y¨r, M¨vm, R¡vjvbx, †Uwj‡dvb I eR¨©
AcmviY), GgbwK †mev cÖvwßi †¶‡ÎI ˆelg¨ weivRgvb;
3. cwienb Ach©vßZv I e¨e¯’vcbvi `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y m„ó n‡q‡Q cwienb I RvbRU mgm¨v, we‡kl K‡i
ivRavbx XvKvmn †`‡ki eo knimg~‡n;
4. wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨ I we‡bv`b †mevi AcÖZzjZv Ges ˆelg¨g~jK e¨e¯’v;
5. Avevmb msKU, msL¨v Ges ¸YMZgvb Dfq w`K †_‡K| we‡kl K‡i `wi`ª I wbæweˇ`i †¶‡Î GB mgm¨v
gvivZ¥K cwiw¯’wZi| djkÖ“wZ‡Z (XvKv, PÆMÖvg I Lyjbvmn mKj eo kn‡i) ew¯—i m„wó I e¨vcK nv‡i Gi
we¯—vi;
6. cÖvq mKj bM‡ii A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ `ye©j I ˆelg¨g~jK bxwZ Abymi‡bi Kvi‡Y Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q e¨vcK
bMixq `vwi`ª¨;

bMi cwiPvjb 1
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

7. cwi‡e‡ki wecbœ cwiw¯’wZ| evZvm I cvwb `~lYmn Ab¨vb¨ `~lY Zxeª †_‡K ZxeªZi n‡”Q| we‡lk K‡i
XvKv I Ab¨vb¨ eo kn‡ii cwiw¯’wZ msKURbK Ae¯’vq †cuŠ‡Q hv‡”Q| cvkvcvwk D¤§y³¯’vb, cvK© I
D`¨vb, †jK, b`x Rjvkq BZ¨vw`i A‰ea `Lj Ges cvnvo I eb ebvbx KZ©b, BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y cwi‡e‡ki
Ae¶q;
8. cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMRwbZ mgm¨v I AwMœKvÊ| evsjv‡`‡ki AwaKvsk kni nq eb¨v, b`xfv½b, bv nq mvB‡K¬vb
BZ¨vw` mgm¨v cxwoZ| †Kvb †Kvb kn‡i f~wgK‡¤úi AvksKv †`Lv hv‡”Q| GQvov ‡Kvb †Kvb kn‡i
cvwb‡Z Av‡m©wbK `~l‡Yi gvÎv GK fqven bZzb mgm¨v;
9. mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨ msi¶‡Yi mgm¨v i‡q‡Q; Ges
10. wewfbœ mvgvwRK mgm¨v, we‡kl K‡i bvix I wkï wbh©vZb|
Dc‡ivwj-wLZ mgm¨vmg~‡ni D™¢‡ei †cQ‡b i‡q‡Q GK ev GKvwaK e„nËi mgm¨v
cÖ_gZ `xN© mgq a‡i Ae¨vnZ MwZ‡Z (MÖvg-bMi ¯’vbvš—‡ii Kvi‡Y) AwZ D”P nv‡i bMixq RbmsL¨v e„w×|
wØZxqZ bMi cwiKíbvi m¤ú~Y© Abycw¯’wZ A_ev Gi `ye©j cÖ‡qvM ev AccÖ‡qvM|
Z…ZxqZ mvgwMÖKfv‡e bMi cÖkvmb I bMi cwiPvj‡bi (Urban Governance)`ye©jZv| G‡¶‡Î we‡klfv‡e
D‡j-L‡hvM¨, GKw`‡K cwiPvj‡b `vwqZ¡cÖvß e¨w³‡`i `„wófw½i A¯^”QZv, wbôvi Afve, `¶Zvi Afve Ges
`yb©xwZ civqYZv Avi Ab¨w`‡K i‡q‡Q mvaviY bMwiK‡`i m‡PZbZvi Afve A_ev Zv‡`i c¶ †_‡K msMwVZ
D‡`¨v‡Mi Afve|
PZz_©Z bMi cwiPvjb gvb‡bœvq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq ch©vß A_©-m¤ú‡`i Afve|
3.0 P¨v‡jÄ ‡gvKv‡ejvi mycvwikgvjv
2001 m‡bi ÔbMi cwiPvjbÕ welqK Uv¯‹ †dvm© †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k bMivqY mswk-ó mgm¨vi mgvavb ev mgm¨v
†_‡K DËi‡bi j‡¶¨ KwZcq mycvwik Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡”Q| cÖ¯—vweZ mycvwikmg~n‡K wZbwU ch©v‡q wPwýZ Kiv
hvq| weMZ 20 gv‡m Gme mycvwik wel‡q wd ai‡bi AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q, eZ©gv‡b Zv we‡ePbv Kiv n‡jvt
cÖ_gZ, mgMÖ †`‡ki bMivqY cÖeYZv I bMi e¨e¯’vq fvimvg¨ m„wó Kiv
bMivq‡Yi fvimvg¨ m„wói Rb¨ K‡qKwU mywbw`©ó mycvwik Kiv n‡qwQj|
GK, ivRavbx XvKv I e›`i bMi PÆMÖvg gyLx Rb‡mªvZ n«vm Kivi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Acwinvh©| G Rb¨ A_©‰bwZK I
mvgvwRK my‡hvM myweavmn cÖkvmwbK we‡K›`ªxKiY bxwZ MÖnY I Zvi ev¯—evqb Kiv Avek¨K| G‡¶‡Î ‡KŠkj
wn‡m‡e _vK‡e †Rjv kni, gvSvwi kni, Dc‡Rjv kni, GgbwK †QvU kn‡iI my‡hvM myweav e„w× Kiv| GB
`„wófw½ †_‡K MÖvg ch©v‡qI m¤¢ve¨ Av_©-mvgvwRK wewb‡qvM I Dbœqb m¤úv`b Kiv| GQvov we‡kl K‡i ivRavbx
XvKvi RbmsL¨vi cÖPÛ Pvc Kgvevi Rb¨ XvKvi DbœxZ GjvKvi (built-up area) evB‡i cwiKwíZfv‡e GKvwaK
Dc-kni (Satellite Town) M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|
AMÖMwZt ivRavbx XvKv gyLx Rb‡mªvZ n«vm Kivi †Kvb Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c GL‡bv †`Lv hv‡”Qbv| Dc‡Rjv
wm‡÷‡gi gva¨‡g Avwki `k‡K mviv‡`‡k ¶z`ª kni¸‡jvi Dbœq‡b †h Avkvi mÂvi n‡qwQj ZvI w¯—wgZ
n‡q‡Q| Dc‡Rjv wm‡÷‡gi gva¨‡g Dbœqb we‡K›`ªxKiY Avevi n‡e wKbv Zv ivR‰bwZK wm×v‡š—i e¨vcvi|
Z‡e †QvU I gvSvwi kn‡ii Dbœqb I Gme kn‡i Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM m„wó bv Ki‡j fvimvg¨c~Y© bMivq‡Yi ¯^cœ
my`~i civnZ _vK‡e| eZ©gvb Uv¯‹ †dvm© g‡b K‡i †h Dc‡Rjv e¨e¯’v gvSvwi I †QvU kn‡iiDbœqb mnRZi
K‡i Ges GB c×wZ‡Z cðv`f~wgi MÖvgvÂj‡K AwaK †mev cÖ`vb m¤¢e K‡i|
`yB, RvZxq ch©v‡q bMivqY cÖeYZv mwVK avivq Avbvi Rb¨ Ges bMi-e¨e¯’v myweb¨¯— I myPvi“ Kivi Rb¨
GKwU RvZxq bMivqY bxwZgvjv (National Urbanization Policy) cÖYqb Avek¨K| cvkvcvwk GKwU bMivqY
Kwgkb/bMi cwiPvjb Kwgkb (Commission on Urbanization/Urban Governance) cÖwZôv KivI evÃbxq|
GB Kwgk‡bi g~j KvR n‡e ¯’vqxfv‡e bMivqY I bMi Dbœqb welqK mKj welq gwbUi Kiv, bxwZgvjv cÖYqb

bMi cwiPvjb 2
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

I ms‡kvab Kiv, mswk-ó Rbkw³ cwiKíbv Kiv, A_©vqb m¤¢vebv †`Lv| bMivqY bxwZgvjvq bMivqY I bMi
m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ welq ¸i“Z¡ †`qv n‡e, Z‡e Gi †K›`ªxq j¶¨ n‡e bMi-`vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I bMi-`wi`ª‡`i
Rxeb gvb DbœZ KiY|
AMÖMwZt wewfbœ mg‡q mswk-ó c¶ †_‡K GKwU RvZxq bMivqY bxwZgvjv ˆZwii ZvwM` †`qv m‡Ë¡I G e¨vcv‡i
†Kvb AMÖMwZ nqwb| bMivqY Kwgkb ˆZwii †¶‡Î AMÖMwZ bv _vK‡jI ADBÕi A_©vq‡b ev¯—veqb A‡c¶vq
UGIIP cÖK‡íi mycvwikgvjvq GKwU †cŠiKwgkb MV‡bi cÖ¯—ve i‡q‡Q|
wZb, RvZxq ch©v‡q bMivqY cÖkvm‡bi `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e Ggb GK gš¿Yvj‡qi Ici hvi bv‡gi g‡a¨B ÔbMiÕ ev
ÔbMi DbœqbÕ K_vwU ¯úó n‡e| eZ©gv‡b bMi cÖkvmb ev bMi Dbœqb welqwU Kgc‡¶ `y‡Uv gš¿Yvj‡qi mivmwi
`vwqZ¡ (h_v ¯’vbxq miKvi gš¿Yvjq I M„nvqY I c~Z© gš¿Yvjq)| `w¶Y Gwkqv Ges `w¶Y-c~e© Gwkqvi Ab¨vb¨
†`kmg~‡ni Abyiƒc ÒbMi Dbœqb I M„nvqY gš¿YvjqÓ ai‡bi bvgKiY K‡i GKwU gš¿Yvjq‡K G `y‡Uv Lv‡Zi
cÖkvmwbK `vq-`vwqZ¡ ‡`qv hvq| bMi Dbœqb Awa`ßi/wefvM Ges ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM
(Gj.wR.B.wW) G gš¿Yvj‡qi Kvh©Kix `ywU ms¯’v n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Gme ms¯’v †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB Ggb kw³ai
n‡e bv, hv‡Z K‡i †cŠi ev bMi ch©v‡q Ah_v KZ…©Z¡ ev n¯—‡¶c K‡i| eZ©gvb Uv¯‹ †dvm© Aek¨ g‡b K‡i
BDwWwW I Gj.wR.B.wW GiKg `y‡Uv Avjv`v ms¯’vi Lye GKUv †hŠw³KZv †bB|
AMÖMwZt bMi Dbœqb welqK gš¿Yvjq cÖwZôvi †Kvb miKvwi D‡`¨vM GLbI †`Lv hvqwb| eis GKvwaK
gš¿Yvj‡qi wbqš¿‡Yi Kvi‡Y myôy I mgwš^Z bMi Dbœqb e¨nZ n‡”Q Gi cÖgvY i‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i
ivRavbx XvKvi †ejvq|
bMi cwiPvjb
bMi cwiPvjb (Urban Governance) ej‡Z eySvq GKwU bM‡ii mvgwMÖK Dbœqb I we`¨gvb mgm¨vejxi
mgvav‡bi Rb¨ mywPwš—Z I mymgwš^Z e¨e¯’vcbv| bMi cwiPvj‡bi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ ¯’vbxq †cŠi miKvi (†cŠimfv
I wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb) Gi Ic‡i eZ©vq| GB `y‡qi cvkvcvwk Av‡iv †h me Aswk`vi (Stakeholder) i‡q‡Q
Zv‡`i f~wgKv I `vwqZ¡I Kg bq| Gme Aswk`v‡ii g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AvbyôvwbK e¨w³LvZ (digvj cÖvB‡fU
†m±i), AbvbyôvwbK e¨w³LvZ (Bbdigvj cÖvB‡fU †m±i) †emiKvwi †mevg~jK LvZ (GbwRI) Ges
e¨vcKfv‡e cwiwPZ wmwfj †mvmvBwU ev bvMwiK mgvR/mykxj mgvR| bvMwiK mgvR ej‡Z Avgiv GLv‡b bvbv
iKg †ckvRxex, eyw×Rxex, kªgRxex, Kg©Rxex, bvixms¯’v Ges Ab¨vb¨ msMwVZ I AmsMwVZ Rb‡Mvôxi
cÖwZwbwaZ¡ eyS‡ev| GbwRI Ges msev` cÎmg~n bvMwiK mgv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡c~Y© mnvqK kw³|
cwiPvjb ¸Yv¸Y cwigv‡ci m~PKmg~n n‡”Qt
§ we‡K›`ªxKiY
§ MYZvwš¿K AskMÖnY
§ ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv
§ wbqš¿Y I KZ…©Z¡
§ AvB‡bi kvmb
§ mZZv (A_©‰bwZK †kªYx, †RÛvi BZ¨vw` wfwËK)
§ `¶Zv I Rbm¤ú`
§ ‡bZ…Z¡ I D™¢vebx D‡`¨vM
§ ‡bUIqvwK©s
§ mgš^q
Avgiv Dc‡iv³ m~PKmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K weMZ 20 gv‡m evsjv‡`‡k bMi-cwiPvj‡bi AMÖMwZi GKwU msw¶ß
aviYv †`evi †Póv KiwQt

bMi cwiPvjb 3
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

we‡K›`ªxKiY
mycvwik AMÖMwZ
§ evsjv‡`‡k ¯’vbxq †cŠi KZ…©c¶mg~n (A_ev Ab¨ †h § weMZ 20 gv‡m GB cÖm‡½ miKvwi gn‡j †Zgb †Kvb
†Kvb ¯’vbxq miKvimg~n) cÖK…Z A‡_© ¯^vqZ¡kvmb A_ev Kvh©Ki Av‡jvPbv n‡Z †`Lv hvq wb| Z‡e miKvi
h_vh_ Kvh©Ki ¶gZv iv‡L bv| Dbœqb wKsev ivR¯^, MÖYxZ I.PRSP †Z RvZxq A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb I `vwi`ª¨
Dfq cÖKv‡ii A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ Zviv †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii we‡gvP‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖavb †KŠkj wn‡m‡e ¯’vbxq
Kv‡Q wbf©ikxj| Rbkw³ wbe©vPb, wbhyw³ wKsev e`wji miKv‡ii kw³kvjx KiY‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G
†¶‡ÎI eûjvs‡k Zviv wbf©ikxj| GB cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K ch©v‡q †cŠi ¯’vbxq miKvi kw³kvjx KiY welqwU
Ae¨vnwZ †c‡Z n‡e| Kvh©Ki bMi cwiPvj‡bi Rb¨ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e G‡m hvq|
†cŠi ev bMi GjvKvi g‡a¨ †cŠimfv ch©vq †_‡K
IqvW© GgbwK gnj-v ch©v‡q wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM m„wó
Ki‡Z n‡e| IqvW© ch©v‡q Kwgkbv‡ii ch©vß
Rbkw³mn GKwU Kvh©Ki `ßi ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
IqvW© ch©v‡q Kwgkbv‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ Iqv‡W©i wewfbœ †ckv
I †Mvôxi m`m¨‡`i wb‡q (bvMwiK mgvR) KwgwU K‡i
Dbœqb cwiKíbv MÖnY I Kg©KvÊ ev¯—evqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡Z gwnjv I `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôxi Ask MÖnY wbwðZ
Ki‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi KwgwU MVb h_vh_ MYZvwš¿K
iƒc m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡j IqvW© ch©v‡qI m`m¨‡`i wbe©vPb
nIqv evÃbxq| Ab¨_vq GB KwgwU cÖ¯—vweZ MÖvg
miKv‡ii Abyiƒc GKwU ÒAMYZvwš¿KÓ e¨e¯’v n‡e|
MYZvwš¿K AskMÖnY
mycvwik AMÖMwZ
§ wbe©©vwPZ †cŠi cwil‡`i †K›`ªxq mfvmg~‡n m`m¨‡`i § wm‡j‡U AbywôZ AvÂwjK civgk© mfvq G welqwU
AskMÖnY `jgZ wbwe©‡k‡l Av‡iv Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ jvf K‡i| bMievmx‡K `jxq cwiP‡qi
n‡e| GRb¨ Nb Nb cl©` mfv Ges mfvq m`m¨‡`i evB‡i G‡m wbR kni Dbœqb I i¶vi Rb¨ me©vZ¥K
Kvh©Ki f~wgKv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| welq wfwËK †Póvi Ici ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡i|
KwgwUmg~n Kvh©Ki Kiv AZ¨vek¨K| KwgwU `jgZ
wbwe©‡k‡l MwVZ n‡e|
§ wbe©vPb 2001 Gi †¶‡Î †hfv‡e wmwfj mgvR‡K § Dbœqb KZ…©c&¶mg~nI AvRKvj GK_v Abyaveb Ki‡Qb
wbe©vPb ch©‡e¶‡bi Rb¨ AvBbMZ my‡hvM myweav I ‡h wmwfj †mvmvBwU I RbM‡Yi Ask MÖnY Qvov Dbœqb
¶gZv †`qv n‡q‡Q, GKBfv‡e †cŠi cwiPvj‡b cÖKí ev¯—evqb m¤¢e bq| hvi D`vniY ivRDK Ges
†÷K‡nvìvi‡`i my‡hvM ‡`qv hvq| wmwfj †mvmvBwU wm‡jU wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb| eZ©gvb Uv¯‹ †dv‡m©i mv‡_
cÖwZwbwa‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î ivRDK †Pqvig¨vb I cwiPvjbv cl©‡`i m`m¨‡`i GK
†cŠi AvBb ms‡kvab Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Av‡jvPbv mfvq G ai‡bi gZvgZ e¨³ Kiv nq|
wm‡jU AvÂwjK civgk© mfvq I RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi
Ici ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc Kiv nq|
§ ‡cŠimfv I wmwU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi mKj ivR‰bwZK c‡` § weMZ 20 gv‡mI GB MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqv Ae¨vnZ wQj|
eZ©gv‡b mivmwi wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq| (G e¨e¯’v GLv‡b D‡j-L¨ †h wm‡jU I ewikvj wmwU
Ae¨vnZ _vK‡Z cv‡i; Z‡e, fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ Ò‡gqi K‡c©v‡ikbmn ‡`‡ki †ek wKQy †cŠimfvq wbe©vPb
Bb KvDwÝjÓ ai‡bi e¨e¯’vi K_v fvev hvq)| AbywôZ n‡q‡Q| †cŠi cwil‡`i Kvh©Kv‡ji †gqv`
wbe©vwPZ cwil‡`i †gqv` cvuP eQ‡ii cwie‡Z© 4 eQi wb‡q †Zgb †Kvb Av‡jvPbv †bB|
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
§ Z…Yg~j ¯—‡i (Iqv‡W©i AvIZvfy³ gnj-v ev ¶z`ª § RbgZ Gai‡bi e¨e¯’vi c‡¶, D`vniY wm‡jU
GjvKv wfwËK) AskMÖn‡Yi e¨e¯’v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| gZwewbgq mfv| Z‡e Gai‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kivi
cÖ‡qvR‡b gnj-v ch©v‡q KwgwU MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| c~‡e© †cŠimfv AwW©b¨v‡Ý cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e hv‡Z

bMi cwiPvjb 4
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003
mycvwik
Gme KwgwU‡Z bvix mgvR, `wi`ª †kªYx I Ab¨vb¨
my‡hvM ewÂZ‡`i AskMÖnY wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv
mycvwik
§ eZ©gv‡b wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb I ‡cŠimfvmg~‡ni Dbœqb §
Kg©m~Px I wm×vš— MÖnY cÖwµqvq h‡_ó ¯^”QZv †bB|
wm×vš— MÖnY cÖwµqvq ¯’vbxq miKvimg~n g~jZ
AvgjvZvwš¿K c×wZ Abymib K‡i| eZ©gvb c×wZi
GB `ye©jZv KvwU‡q ¯’vbxq ‡cŠi miKvimg~‡ni DwPZ
Dbœqb msµvš— wewfbœ wm×vš— MÖnY, wm×vš— ev¯—evqb
I wbix¶Y cÖwµqvq RbM‡Yi mswk-óZv Avbqb Kiv|
GKBfv‡e ¯’vbxq miKvi mg~‡ni wewfbœ Dbœqb g~jK
Kg©KvÊ, Kg©iZ wewfbœ GbwRImg~n‡KI
Revew`wnZvi AvIZvq Avb‡Z n‡e| bMi/†cŠi
GjvKvq Kg©iZ miKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vmg~‡n RbM‡Yi
AskMÖnY|
wbqš¿Y I KZ…©Z¡
mycvwik
§ ‡cŠimfv ev bMi KZ…©c¶ ax‡i ax‡i †K‡›`ªi §
wbqš¿Ygy³ n‡q ¯^vaxbfv‡e †cŠi Kg©m~Px
cwiPvjbv Ki‡e GiKg cwiw¯’wZ ˆZwi Ki‡Z
n‡e| †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i wbR¯^ †jvKej wb‡qv‡Mi
¯^vaxbZv, cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯—evq‡bi KZ…©Z¡,
A_©vqb I A_© ms¯’v‡bi KZ…©Z¡ _vK‡Z n‡e|
bvMwiK‡`i hveZxq †mev I wbivcËv weav‡bi
Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †cŠi KZ…©Z¡ Aek¨B _vKv DwPZ|
we‡kl K‡i †cŠimfv A_ev wmwU
K‡c©v‡ikbmg~‡ni †fZ‡i Ab¨vb¨ †mev
cÖ`vbKvix I †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY
ms¯’vmg~‡ni Kg©Kv‡Êi Ici wbqš¿Y KZ…©Z¡ _vKv
evÃbxq|
AvB‡bi kvmb
mycvwik
§ AvB‡bi kvmb ej‡Z GLv‡b mevi Rb¨ RvZxq §
Dbœqbg~jK bxwZgvjv I AvBb Ges †cŠi
bxwZgvjvi mgvb cÖ‡qvM, cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb
msµvš— bxwZgvjvi h_vh_ e¨e¯’v, RbM‡Yi
AwaKvi cÖwZôvi my‡hvM BZ¨vw`‡K eySvq| GLv‡b
Aek¨B ejv `iKvi †h bMi KZ©…c¶ A‡b¨i
Ici AvB‡bi cª‡qv‡Mi Av‡M KZ…©c‡¶i
wb‡R‡`iI cy‡ivcywi AvBb †g‡b Pjv DwPZ|
RxweKvi A‡š^lb I b~¨bZg Avkªq ms¯’vb
bMi cwiPvjb
AMÖMwZ
D‡`¨vM MÖn‡Y AvBbMZ myweav cvIqv hvq|
AMÖMwZ
wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb I ‡cŠimfvmg~‡n MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqvi
Kvi‡Y wKQyUv n‡jI Revew`wnZvi my‡hvM Av‡Q| wKš‘
Dbœqb KZ…©c¶ Ges Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb ms¯’vi †¶‡Î
eZ©gv‡b.†Zgb †Kvb ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi my‡hvM
†bB|
AMÖMwZ
wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i g‡Z †`Lv hvq †h, ‡cŠimfv
I bMi KZ…©c¶mg~n †K‡›`ªi wbqš¿Y gy³ nIqvi
PvB‡Z ax‡i ax‡i †K‡›`ªi Av‡iv wbqš¿Yvaxb n‡q
co‡Q| we‡kl K‡i †mev I †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gv
ˆZwii †¶‡Î ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`ßi
Zvi wbqš¿Y evwo‡q Pj‡Q| Avw_©K I †jvKej
wb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î gš¿Yvj‡qi wbqš¿Y †gv‡UI
K‡gwb|
AMÖMwZ
weMZ 20 gv‡mi AvBb k„•Ljv cwiw¯’wZ wQj
AZ¨š— bvRyK| GK ch©v‡q †hŠ_evwnbx e¨envi
Ges i¨vU BZ¨vw` c`‡¶‡ci Kvi‡Y AvBb
k„•Ljvi mvgvb¨ DbœwZ n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|
Z‡e G¸‡jv †Kvb cÖwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v bq| d‡j
ax‡i ax‡i Gme we‡kl e¨e¯’vI AKvh©Ki n‡q
c‡o‡Q Ges eZ©gv‡b AvBb k„•Ljv cwiw¯’wZi
Av‡iv AebwZ n‡q‡Q| †cŠi cÖkvmb G‡¶‡Î
Amnvq f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| †KD †KD †cŠi
5
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003
gvbevwaKvi ch©vqfy³| G Kvi‡Y bMi GjvKvq
AvZ¥-Kg©ms¯’v‡b wbhy³ `wi`ª gvbyl hv‡Z mn‡RB
ÒA‰eaÓ AvL¨vZ bv nq, Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l
Zv‡`i ÒD‡”Q`Ó Ki‡Z n‡j Zv †hb cybe©vmb
e¨vwZ‡i‡K bv nq Zvi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡Z
n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K weËevb‡`i A‰ea ¯’vcbv I
Kg©KvÊ KwVbfv‡e AvB‡bi AvIZvq Avb‡Z
n‡e|
mgZv I bvixi ¶gZvqb
mycvwik
§ A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, ag©xq I †RÛvi §
wfwËK mgZv weavb †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i Aek¨ KiYxq|
A_©‰bwZK my‡hvM myweav, †hgb, mr Avq I
Kg©ms¯’v‡bi myweav, wewb‡qvM I FY MÖn‡Yi myweav
BZ¨vw` hv GKwU cwievi ev †Mvôxi A_©‰bwZK
¯^”QjZv Avbqb Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv DwPZ|
D`vniY ¯^iƒc bM‡i `wi`ª †kªYxi †ckvMZ AwaKvi
†hgb Bbdigvj Kvh©µg, ew¯—‡Z emevmiZ Ae¯’vq
cvwb, M¨vm I we`y¨r e¨env‡ii (†mev g~‡j¨i wewbg‡q)
AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|
`¶Zv I Rbm¤ú`
mycvwik
§ Kg©`¶ I cÖwk¶Y cÖvß Rbkw³ Qvov †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i §
bMi cwiPvj‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³-mvg_© ms¯’vb Kiv
m¤¢e bq| bMi Dbœqb Kg©KvÊ GKw`‡K †hgb D”P
KvwiMwi gvb m¤úbœ nIqv `iKvi Aciw`‡K mKj ¯—
‡ii bvMwiK‡`i Pvwn`v I B”Pvi mv‡_ mgÄm¨c~Y©
nIqvI evÃbxq| G ai‡bi KvR GKwU `¶ Rbkw³
Qvov m¤úv`b Kiv m¤¢e bq| bMi cÖkvmb I
cwiPvj‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ mKj ms¯’vi Kgx©evwnbxi
`¶Zv m„wói my‡hvM ivL‡Z n‡e|
‡bUIqvwK©s I Z_¨ cÖevn
mycvwik
§ ‡`‡ki †fZ‡i mKj †cŠimfv I wmwU §
K‡c©v‡ikbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ GKwU †bUIqvK© M‡o †Zvjv
†h‡Z cv‡i| GB †bUIqvwK©s Gi d‡j mKj
†cŠimfvi g‡a¨ Z_¨ I AwfÁZv Av`vb cÖ`vb m¤¢e
n‡e, hv kni Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb
Ki‡e| Gai‡bi †bUIqvK© †`‡ki evB‡ii
†cŠimfvmg~‡ni mv‡_I n‡Z cv‡i| †`‡ki evB‡ii
†cŠimfv I kni/bMi cwiPvjb m¤ú‡K© AwfÁZv
mÂqB n‡e GB †bUIqvwK©s Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨| †cŠi
wcZv, cwil` m`m¨, †cŠi Kg©KZ©v‡`iI †bUIqvwK©s
_vK‡Z cv‡i|
bMi cwiPvjb
GjvKvq ÔKwgDwbwU cywjkÕ e¨e¯’v cÖeZ©‡bi K_v
e‡j‡Qb|
AMÖMwZ
gwnjv‡`i ivR‰bwZK cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Kivi my‡hvM
†e‡o‡Q| bvivqYM‡Äi g‡Zv e„nr †cŠimfvi
†Pqvig¨vb c‡`I gwnjv cÖv_x© wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Qb|
mvavib gwnjv bvMwiK‡`i my‡hvM myweav ev‡owb|
gwnjv evm †`qv n‡q‡Q Z‡e Gai‡bi Kh©µg hZUv
cÖZxwK, ZZUv e¨vcK bq| wbæweË I `wi`ª bMievmx
µgvMZ AwaK Pv‡ci g‡a¨ co‡Q|
AMÖMwZ
`¶ Rbkw³ ˆZwii j‡¶¨ m¤cÖwZ UGIIP I
RTDS bvgK cÖKí؇qi mycvwikgvjvq kni
cwiKíbv I DbœZ e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ ch©vß cÖwk¶Y
cÖvß Rbkw³ ˆZwii Ici †Rvi †`qv n‡q‡Q| cÖKí
`ywU ev¯—evq‡bi A‡c¶vq i‡q‡Q|
AMªMwZ
‡bUIqvwK©s Gi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki †cŠimfv
†Pqvig¨vbM‡Yi GKwU mwgwZ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e †Zgb
Kvh©Ki bq| G ai‡bi mwgwZ †_‡K _vK‡j GwU‡K
`jxq ivRbxwZi evB‡i †i‡L Av‡iv Kvh©Ki K‡i M‡o
†Zvjv `iKvi| UGIIP cÖK‡íi AvIZvq
†cŠimfvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ †bUIqvK© M‡o †Zvjvi Ici
we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki `yÕGKwU
kn‡ii mv‡_ evB‡ii kn‡ii mv‡_I †bUIqvK© ˆZwi
n‡q‡Q| †hgb Asia Urbs cÖK‡íi AvIZvq
wm‡j‡Ui mv‡_ Bsj¨v‡Ûi GKwU kn‡ii Dbœqb
†bUIqvK© i‡q‡Q|
6
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003
mgš^q
mycvwik
§ bMi cwiPvj‡b me‡P‡q eo mgm¨v Dbœqb §
Aswk`vi‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡Ri mgš^q mvab Kiv| we‡kl
K‡i eo kn‡i †hLv‡b Dbœqb Askx`vi‡`i msL¨vI
cÖPzi, mgš^q mvab †mLv‡b AZ¨š— Ri“ix|
§ XvKv gnvbMixi Dbœqbg~jK Kg©Kv‡Êi mgš^q
mva‡bi Rb¨ (1996 mv‡ji †kl ch©v‡q) ¯’vbxq
miKvi gš¿xi †bZ…‡Z¡ MwVZ D”P ¶gZv m¤úbœ mgš^q
KwgwU †bZ…‡Z¡i Ø›` I miKvwi Kg©KZ©v‡`i AbvMÖ‡ni
Kvi‡Y cÖvq wb®Œxq n‡q c‡o| mgš^q mva‡bi GB §
cÖv_wgK evav `~i Kvivi Rb¨ miKvwi ms¯’vmg~‡ni
Kg©KZ©v‡`i †mevg~jK Kv‡Ri gvbwmKZv ˆZwi Ki‡Z
n‡e| †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i `vwqZ¡ n‡e mgš^q mva‡bi
Rb¨ AMÖbx f~wgKv cvjb Kiv| XvKvi †¶‡Î XvKv
wmwU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi ‡gqi‡K GB mgš^q KwgwUi cÖavb
K‡i Gi `ye©jZv wKQyUv Kgv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|
§ evsjv‡`‡ki PviwU eo kn‡i †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i
cvkvcvwk ev¯‘ cwiKíbv I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q
ÔDbœqb KZ…©c¶Õ| †cŠi KZ…©c¶ I Dbœqb KZ…©c¶ †K
Kvi mv‡_ mgš^q Ki‡e Zv wb‡q Ø›` i‡q‡Q| ¶gZv
I ¸i“‡Z¡i wePv‡i †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i cÖavbMY wbR wbR
kn‡ii me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© e¨w³| Aciw`‡K Dbœqb
KZ…©c¶mg~n ‡cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i mxgvbvi evB‡iI Zv‡`i
Dbœqb Kg©Kv‡Êi cwiwa we¯Z…Z weavq wb‡R‡`i †cŠi
KZ…c‡¶i PvB‡ZI wekvj g‡b K‡i| hvi d‡j GB
`yB ms¯’vi g‡a¨ Kv‡Ri mgš^q Kiv m¤¢e nq bv|
Avgv‡`i aviYv G †¶‡Î †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i Revew`wnZv
I ¯^”QZvi Kvi‡Y mgš^‡qi cÖavb f~wgKv †gqiMY
cvjb Ki‡eb|
‡bZ…Z¡ I D™¢vebx D‡`¨vM
mycvwik
§ ‡h †Kvb Av`k© cwiPvjb e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi me‡P‡q §
¸i“Z¡c~Y© m~PK n‡e Ò‡bZ…Z¡Ó Ges ÒD™¢vebxÓ
D‡`¨vM| ïaygvÎ aiveuvav ev i“wUb Kg©ZrciZvB bq
bZzb bZzb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z bZzb bZzb c×wZ, †KŠkj ev
D‡`¨vM MÖnY Avek¨K| kn‡ii mvgwMÖK A_©‰bwZK
Dbœqb, `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb, cwi‡ek msi¶Y, ¯^v¯’¨,
wk¶v we‡bv`b †mev BZ¨vw` me †¶‡ÎB bZzb wPš—v I
D‡`¨vM cÖ‡qvRb|
bMi cwiPvjb
AMÖMwZ
we‡kl K‡i XvKv kn‡ii Dbœqb mgš^q AZ¨š— RwUj
AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q| Dbœqb I †mev ms¯’vmg~n wbR
wbR gš¿Yvj‡q `vqe×Zvi Kvi‡Y GB mgš^q cÖKUZi
n‡”Q| GRb¨ XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi ‡gqi Dbœqb
mgš^‡qi Rb¨ cÖavb gš¿xi mwPevj‡qi mn‡hvwMZv
†P‡q‡Qb| Ggb wK mgš^qnxbZv `~iKivi Rb¨ XvKv
wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb XvKv Iqvmvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡ZI cÖ¯‘Z
i‡q‡Q, †gqi GiKg gZ cÖKvk K‡ib|
mgš^‡qi GB Amyweavi K_v we‡ePbv K‡i Avi †hb
†Kvb kn‡i Z_vKw_Z Dbœqb KZ…©c¶ ˆZwi bv nq
†mw`‡K mRvM `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e| wm‡jU AvÂwjK
civgk© mfvq G e¨vcv‡i my¯úó gZvgZ cvIqv †M‡Q|
†cŠimfv I wmwU K‡c©v‡ikbmg~n hveZxq Dbœqb
Kvh©µg MÖnY I m¤úv`‡bi †hvM¨ kw³ cvK GiKg
e¨e¯’v MÖnY Avek¨K|
AMÖMwZ
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’vbxq †cŠi miKvi mwZ¨Kv‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡I
AbyKiYxq bZzb D‡`¨v‡Mi GKvš— AvRe| G m‡Ë¡I
`y‡qvKwU D`vniY Aek¨B †`Lv hvq| G‡¶‡Î PÆMÖvg
gnvbM‡ii †gqi g‡nv`‡qi †bZ…‡Z¡I D‡`¨vM
A‡b‡KiB `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i| cwi”QbœZv Awfhvb,
e„¶‡ivcb †_‡K ïi“ K‡i, nvmcvZvj ¯’vcb, wk¶v
cÖwZôvb ¯’vcb, GgbwK wmGbwR c-vbU ¯’vcb BZ¨vw`
wewfbœ wel‡qB wZwb D™¢vebx †bZ…‡Z¡i mv¶i
†i‡L‡Qb| †QvU †cŠimfvmv †g‡nicyi †cŠi
†Pqvig¨v‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡i K_vI D‡j-L‡hvM¨| GiKg wKQy
D`vniY wbðB i‡q‡Q| m¤cÖwZ XvKvi †gqi
gnvbMixi wewfbœ gyLx mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejv Kivi Rb¨
wewfbœ Zg I †ckvi m`m¨‡`i wb‡q ‡h GKwU
e¨wZµgx mfv Av‡qvRb K‡iwQ‡jb ZvI GKwU
cÖksmbxq D‡`¨vM|
7
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

bMi wfwËK cwiKíbv I Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v I mgvavbwPš—v

cwiKíbv
cÖwZwU kn‡i bMi cwiKíbvi cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Kiv DwPZ| GB cÖm‡½ mKj eo I gvSvwi kn‡i bMi
cwiKíbv wefvM Ges ch©vß msL¨K cÖwk¶Y cÖvß bMi cwiKíbvwe`/cwiKíbv `‡ji ms¯’vb Ki‡Z n‡e| ejv
evûj¨, KvRwU mgq mv‡c¶ wKš‘ Gi ïi“wU Awej‡¤^ Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z n‡e|
GB Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ ¯’vbxq †cŠi KZ…©c¶ ev bMi KZ…©c¶‡KB cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| hZw`b †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i ‡m
mvg_© AwR©Z bv nq ZZw`b †K›`ªxq miKvi Zvi bMi Dbœqb Awa`߇ii gva¨‡g A_ev †emiKvix cwiKíbv
civgk©K/Dc‡`óv ms¯’vi gva¨‡g G KvRwU m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i|
GQvov bMi cwiKíbv welqK RvZxq wfwËK cwiKíbv AvBb (Planning Act) cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj bMi
cwiKíbv G AvB‡bi AvIZvq cÖ¯‘Z I ev¯—evqb Kiv n‡e|
we‡kl K‡i XvKv, PÆMÖvg I Lyjbvi Rb¨ B‡Zvg‡a¨ Aby‡gvw`Z gnvcwiKíbv/KvVv‡gv cwiKíbv¸‡jv hv‡Z
h_vh_fv‡e &Ges `ª“Z ev¯—evqb Kiv nq †mRb¨ Pvc ivL‡Z n‡e| wm‡jU Ges ewikvjmn Ab¨vb¨ kni
cwiKíbvi cÖwµqv `ª“Z ïi“ Kiv `iKvi|
AMÖMwZt eo PviwU gnvbMi Qvov Ab¨vb¨ ‡QvU eo †Kvb kn‡iB cwiKíbv ˆZwii cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v †bB| Z‡e
`ye©j n‡jI eo kn‡i cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q| XvKv, PÆMÖvg I Lyjbvi ÷ªvKPvi c-vb I
gvóvi c-vb B‡Zvg‡a¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| ivRkvnx kn‡ii gvóvi c-vb ˆZwii KvR †k‡li c‡_| Z‡e cwiKíbvmg~n
ev¯—evq‡bi †¶‡Î mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| cÖvwZôvwbK mgm¨v, `¶ †jvKe‡ji Afve I A_©msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y Gme
cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|
we‡kl K‡i XvKv kn‡ii †¶‡Î me©‡kl¯—‡ii ¶z`ª GjvKv cwiKíbv (Detailed Area Plan) ˆZwi bv nIqvq
1997 mv‡j Aby‡gvw`Z cwiKíbvwUi ev¯—evqb GL‡bv m¤¢e nqwb| Z‡e A‡bK †`ix‡Z n‡jI ivRDK GeQi
Detailed Area Plan Gi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q| e›`i bMi PÆMÖv‡gi gnvcwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi †Kvb D‡`¨vM †bB|
Lyjbvi gnvcwiKíbv ‰Zwi n‡q‡Q Ges Zv miKvi KZ…©K M„nxZ I n‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b ev¯—evqb Kivi gZ K‡qKwU
GjvKvi we¯—vwiZ cwiKíbv KDA Gi nv‡Z i‡q‡Q|
cÖ‡qvRbxq bMi cwiKíbv Rbkw³ ˆZwii j‡¶¨ wek¦we`¨vjq Ges K‡jR ch©v‡q bMi I AÂj cwiKíbv Z_v
(MÖvg cwiKíbvmn) ev¯‘ cwiKíbv wk¶vq (Physical Planning) cÖ‡qvRbxq AeKvVv‡gv I cvV¨µg ˆZwi Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b D‡j-L¨ †h Lyjbv wek¦we`¨vjq, evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vjq I Rvnv½xibMi wek¦we`¨vj‡q
øvZK I øvZ‡KvËi ch©v‡q cwiKíbv wk¶v †`qv n‡”Q| GQvov XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq I
Rvnv½xibMi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi f~‡Mvj I cwi‡ek wefvMmg~‡nI bMi I AÂj cwiKíbv wel‡q †ek wKQy †Kvm©
cvov‡bv n‡”Q Ges bMivqY mgm¨v wb‡q M‡elYv Kvh©µg i‡q‡Q|
Avwki `k‡Ki †k‡l †QvU I gvSvwi me¸‡jv kn‡ii gvóvi c-vb ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj| Gme cwiKíbvi †KvbwUB
ev¯—evwqZ nqwb| GgbwK AwaKvsk kni KZ…©c¶ Rv‡bI bv †h Zv‡`i kn‡ii Rb¨ GKwU gvóvi c-vb Av‡Q|
Gi ci 15-20 eQi AwZµvš— n‡q‡Q| H me cwiKíbv nqZ GLb Avi mivmwi ev¯—evqb m¤¢e bq Z‡e,
G¸‡jv update Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zvi †P‡q eo K_v, Gai‡bi kn‡ii Rb¨ cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯—evqb Kiv †h
AZ¨š— Ri“ix G aviYv ¯^xK„Z nIqv cÖ‡qvRb|
m¤cÖwZ UGIIP I RTDS bvgK `ywU cÖK‡íi AvIZvq h_vµ‡g gvSvwi I †QvU kn‡ii cwiKwíZ Dbœq‡bi
D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g ch©v‡q h_vµ‡g 22wU gvSvwi kni I 12wU †QvU kni cwiKwíZfv‡e DbœxZ n‡e|
Z‡e GB cÖwµqvwUI AZ¨š— axi MwZ‡Z Pj‡Q| D‡j-L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Aaybv wejyß Dc‡Rjv c×wZ cybivq
Pvjy n‡j †QvU kn‡ii Dbœqb m¤¢vebv evo‡Z cv‡i|

bMi cwiPvjb 8
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

cwienb
mviv‡`‡ki cwienb e¨e¯’vq D‡j-L‡hvM¨ DbœwZ n‡jI kn‡ii cwienb e¨e¯’vq †Zgb cwieZ©b Av‡mwb| Z‡e
XvKv kn‡ii UªvwdK I cwienb mgm¨vi DbœwZi Rb¨ mgcÖwZ †ek wKQy c`‡¶c †bqv n‡q‡Q| iv¯—vq miKvwi
Ges †emiKvwi D‡`¨v‡M bZzb bZzb evm †b‡g‡Q hw`I cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq Gi msL¨v GLbI A‡bK Kg| `y‡qK
RvqMvq UªvwdK wmMbv‡ji DbœwZ n‡q‡Q| A‡bK iv¯—vi ms¯‹vi Kiv n‡q‡Q, AvÛvi cvm I dzUweªR n‡q‡Q,
hw`I †ewkifvM †¶‡ÎB G¸‡jv AKvh©Ki|
XvKv Avievb Uªv݇cvU© cÖ‡R‡±i AvIZvq †h me c`‡¶c †bqv n‡qwQj Zvi wKQyUv n‡jI ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q|
†hgb e¨w³Lv‡Zi AskMÖnY I evqy`~l‡Yi †¶‡Î AMÖMwZ| Z‡e cwienb e¨enviKvix‡`i wbivcËv wk¶v, hvb
wbix¶Y e¨e¯’v I gvb wbqš¿‡Yi †¶‡Î D‡j-L‡hvM¨ †Kvb AMÖMwZ †bB|
hvbRU wbimb K‡í XvKvi †ek K‡qKwU RvqMvq d¬vBIfvi wbwg©Z n‡”Q, Z‡e AMÖMwZ ¯-_|
Avevmb I ew¯— cybe©vmb
evsjv‡`‡ki bMixq Avevmb e¨e¯’v Zivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨ GKwU Avevmb bxwZ (1993) I GKwU f~wg bxwZ ˆZwi
n‡q‡Q M„nvqY I MYc~Z© gš¿Yvj‡qi D‡`¨v‡M GB bxwZgvjv ev¯—evq‡b Kv‡iv †Zgb Drmvn †bB| eo kni¸‡jvq
weËevb‡`i Rb¨ eûZj feb wbg©Z n‡”Q| GB wbg©vY Kv‡R KZ…©c‡¶i wbqš¿Y Av‡Q e‡j g‡b nq bv| eo
kn‡ii Rb¨ ew¯— GK wekvj mgm¨v| AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I wbwe©Pv‡i ew¯— D‡”Q` bvbvwea mgm¨vi
m„wó Ki‡Q| Z‡e m¤cÖwZ wmwfj †mvmvBwUi D‡`¨v‡M XvKv kn‡ii cÖvq 48,000 ew¯— cwievi cbe©vm‡bi GKwU
Kg©m~wP‡Z miKvi Ges GbwRImg~n Drmvne¨ÄK mvov w`‡q‡Q| mgevq wfwËK M„nvq‡Yi AskMÖnYg~jK GB
D‡`¨v‡M evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii M„nvqY I MYc~Z© gš¿Yvjq I Gi K‡qKwU As½ms¯’vi Pvi m`m¨ Ges wmwfj
†mvmvBwUi Pvi m`m¨ wb‡q †gvU AvU m`‡m¨i GKwU Uv¯‹ †dvm© MV‡bi cÖwµqv ïi“ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB D‡`¨vM
mdj n‡j ew¯— mgm¨vi mgvav‡b GwU GKwU gvBj djK wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
cwi‡ek
m¤cÖwZ `yB †÷ªvK BwÄb wewkó †eex †Uw· I cwjw_b e¨vM wbwl× Kivq XvKvi evqy `~l‡Yi †¶‡Î Ges
Rjve×Zv wbim‡b wKQyUv DbœwZ n‡”Q e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| Aciw`‡K XvKvi wbwl× †eex ‡Uw· GLb †`‡ki
Ab¨ me kn‡i Qwo‡q co‡Q| GUv Aek¨B †iva Kiv `iKvi|
XvKvi evqy `~l‡Yi †¶‡ÎI DbœwZ j¶¨ Kiv hvq| cwi‡ek wefv‡Mi Gqvi †KvqvwjwU g¨v‡bR‡g›U cÖK‡íi Z_¨
Abyhvqx XvKvi evZv‡m Particulate Matter (PM) 2002 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡ii Zzjbvq 2003 Gi Rvbyqvwi gv‡m
30% Kg|
m¤cÖwZ kni I bMimg~‡n MvQ KvUvi cÖeYZv A‡bKUv K‡g‡Q| GwU mvgvwRK I wmwfj †mvmvBwUi cwi‡ek
we‡ivax Kvh©Kjv‡ci wec‡¶ Av‡›`vj‡bi dj| ZvQvov miKvwi I †emiKvwi ch©v‡q e„¶‡ivcb GKwU Av‡›`vj‡b
iƒc wb‡q‡Q| G e¨vcv‡i PÆMÖvg gnvbMi h‡_ó mvd‡j¨i cwiPq w`‡q‡Q|
kn‡ii cwi‡e‡ki †¶‡Î eR¨© AcmviY GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR| PÆMÖvg, Uv½vBj Ges ivRkvnx kni Qvov Avi
†Kvb kn‡i Gi †Zgb DbœwZ n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡”Q bv| D‡j-wLZ kni¸‡jv‡Z wek¦¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’vi D‡`¨v‡M
cwiPvwjZ ¯^v¯’¨Ki bMi cÖK‡íi Aax‡b we‡kl e¨e¯’vq GB eR¨© AcmviY Kiv nq| evsjv‡`‡k wewfbœ kn‡i
GLb eR¨© Acmvi‡Yi †¶‡Î GbwRI I e¨w³LvZ D‡j-L‡hvM¨ f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|
cwjw_b e¨vM wbwl× nIqvq hÎZÎ †QvULv‡Uv Rjve×Zvi wbimb n‡jI b`x I Rjvkqmg~n fivU K‡i kni
‰Zwi K‡i fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ gnvRjve×Zvi m„ó Kiv n‡”Q| XvKvi Av‡k cv‡ki wb¤§vÂj I Rjvkqmg~n wmwfj
†mvmvBwUi Av‡›`vjb m‡Ë¡I fivU n‡q hv‡”Q| †Zgwb Pj‡Q cvnvo KvUvi g‡nvrme|
‡cŠiA_©‰bwZK Dbœqb I bMixq `vwi`ª we‡gvPb
evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvq mKj bM‡ii A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ AZ¨š— `ye©j, ‰elg¨c~Y© I `vwi`ª¨wcwoZ| me kn‡iB
†eKviZ¡ eo iK‡gi mgm¨v| Gme cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K DËi‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’v MÖnY Avek¨K|
cÖvmw½K e¨wóK (Macro) I mvgwMÖK (Micro) A_©‰bwZK ‡KŠkj †hgb cÖ‡qvRb †Zgwb `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡bi Rb¨

bMi cwiPvjb 9
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

j¶¨ wfwËK (target oriented) †KŠkj evÃbxq| Òwg‡jwbqvg †MvjÓ wn‡m‡e 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ RvZxq wfwˇZ
`vwi`ª¨ gvÎv A‡a©‡K bvwg‡q Avbvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k bMixq `vwi`ª¨ gvÎv n«v‡mi nvi
evwl©K 2.2% hv †gv‡UI Avkv e¨ÄK bq, c¶vš—‡i ˆelg¨ e„w×i nvi Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk (2.3%)|
AMÖMwZt I-PRSP cÖwZ‡e`‡b mvgwMÖK A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi bvbvwea mycvwik _vK‡jI bMixq `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb
mnvqK †Zgb †Kvb D‡j-L†hvM¨ †KŠkj ev c`‡¶c wb‡`©k Kiv nqwb| GKgvÎ e¨wZµg ew¯—evmx‡`i Rb¨
¯^íe¨‡q M„nvq‡Yi civgk© I `wi`ª‡`i Rb¨ ¶z`ª F‡Yi e¨e¯’vi mycvwik| kniv‡j miKvi ev GbwRI cÖ`Ë
¶z`ª FY e¯‘Z: axi MwZ‡Z cÖmvi jvf Ki‡Q| we‡kl K‡i kw³ dvD‡Ûk‡bi Kvh©µg cÖksmbxq|
A_©vqb I m¤ú` mÂqb
evsjv‡`‡ki †cŠi KZ…©c¶mg~‡ni AwaKvskB A_©‰bwZKfv‡e ¯^vej¤^x bq| Gme †cŠi KZ…©c¶ g~jZ †K›`ªxq
miKv‡ii Avw_©K Aby`v‡bi Ici wbf©ikxj| GQvov m¤ú‡`i mxgve×Zv, wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi mxwgZ ¶gZv I Ki
cÖ`vbKvix‡`i Kv‡Q Revew`wnZvi e¨e¯’v bv _vKvq m¤ú` mÂq‡bi cÖwµqv AZ¨š— `ye©j e‡j cÖwZqgvb nq|
`¶ Rbe‡ji Afve, cÖkvmwbK `ye©jZv Ges †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii `ye©j wbix¶Y e¨e¯’v cwiw¯’wZ‡K Av‡iv msKUgq
K‡i Zzj‡Q| A‡bK †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq †cŠi KZ…©c¶mg~n m¯—v RbwcÖqZvi Rb¨ AvBb ewnf~©Zfv‡e Ki
evov‡bv/g~j¨vqb Kiv †_‡K B”QvK…Zfv‡e weiZ _v‡K| G‡Z KZ…©c‡¶i m¤ú` mÂqb cÖwµqv evavMÖ¯’ nq|
Aciw`‡K †mev cÖ`vb I e¨e¯’vcbvi LiP e„w×i d‡j †mev wKsev e¨e¯’vcbvi †KvbUviB gvb a‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡Q
bv| eis D‡ËviËi Gi †cŠi KZ…©c¶ miKvwi A‡_©i Ici Av‡iv wbf©ikxj n‡q c‡o|
mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© ¯^vej¤^x n‡Z n‡j wbR¯^ m¤ú` mÂq‡bi my‡hvM e„w× Ges miKvwi A‡_©i Ici wbf©ikxjZv
Kgv‡Z n‡e|
bMivqY †h‡nZz Dbœq‡bi Ab¨Zg wbqš¿K †m Kvi‡Y bMi Rbc` mg~n‡K µgvš^‡q †cŠi ev bMi cÖkvm‡bi
AvIZvq Avbv evÃbxq n‡e| ev¯—e cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mKj Dc‡Rjv m`i kn‡i †cŠimfv ev¯—evwqZ n‡Z n‡e| Z‡e
Gme †cŠimfv ‡hb cÖ_g †_‡KB A_©msK‡U wbcwZZ bv nq †m w`‡K `„wó w`‡Z n‡e|
‡cŠimfv ch©v‡q Dbœqb A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vs‡Ki Avw_©K mnvqZvq (MDF) bv‡g GKwU Znwej
MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Znwej ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖ‡KŠkj Awa`߇ii e¨e¯’vcbvq wbqwš¿Z n‡”Q| D‡j-L¨ †h, G ch©š—
†Kvb †cŠimfv GB Znwej †_‡K UvKv †bqvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡iwb|
cÖvwZôvwbK ms¯‹vi
BwZc~‡e© †hme mgm¨vi K_v D‡j-L Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wKfv‡e wbimY Kiv hvq Zvi msw¶ß w`K wb‡`©kbv I
mycvwikI †`qv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Gme mycvwik ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ wKQyUv cÖvwZôvwbK I KvVv‡gvMZ ms¯‹vi cÖ‡qvRb|
KZ…©c¶mg~n‡K kw³kvjx Kivi j‡¶¨ `¶ I cÖwk¶Y cÖvß Kg©xevwnbx M‡o ‡Zvjv, msL¨vi PvB‡Z ¸YMZ gvb‡K
cÖvavb¨ †`qv, Nb Nb wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g (eZ©gvb 5 eQ‡ii ¯’‡j 4 eQi Aš—i) RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwa‡`i Av‡iv
RbgyLx K‡i ‡Zvjv cÖ‡qvRb|
XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ikbmn Ab¨vb¨ wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb I ‡cŠimfvi cÖvwZôvwbK cybM©Vb cÖ‡qvRb| GRb¨ AvB‡bi
ms‡kvab cÖ‡qvRb|
GKBfv‡e ivRDKmn Ab¨vb¨ bMi Dbœqb KZ…©c¶, Iqvmv, †Wmv BZ¨vw` ¯^vqZ¡kvwmZ †K›`ªxq ms¯’vmg~‡ni
KvVv‡gvMZ I ¸YMZ cwieZ©b cª‡qvRb| bMivqY/bMi cwiPvjb Kwgkb MVb K‡i wbw`©ó mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ G
ai‡bi ms¯‹vi KvR m¤úv`b Kiv Avek¨K| G e¨vcv‡i B‡Zvc~e©Kvi wewfbœ Kwgkb cÖwZ‡e`b I M‡elK‡`i
Kv‡Ri mبenvi Kiv hvq|
kw³kvjx e¨w³ LvZ bMi Dbœq‡b mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ Dbœq‡bi mKj †¶‡Î e¨w³LvZ‡K
cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i e¨w³LvZ I miKvwiLvZ Askx`vwi‡Z¡i gva¨‡g Dbœqb Kg©KvÊ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z
cv‡i| GB Askx`vwiZ¡ hv‡Z mnRfv‡e cÖwZôv Kiv hvq, †mRb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK ms¯‹vi cÖ‡qvRb|
AMÖMwZt Gkxq Dbœqb e¨vs‡Ki mnvqZvq bMi cwiPvjb I AeKvVv‡gv Dbœqb cÖK‡íi (UGIIP) mycvwikgvjvq
cªvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ wbæwjwLZ welqmg~n Aš—fy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

bMi cwiPvjb 10
RvZxq bxwZ chv©‡jvPbv †dvivg 2003

1. evsjv‡`‡ki bMivqY cÖwµqv, mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv I ev¯—evq‡bi †KŠkj I ¯’vbxq miKvi cybM©V‡bi
w`K wb‡`©kbvi Rb¨ GKwU ‡cŠi Kwgkb MVb;
2. evsjv‡`‡ki †cŠimfvmg~‡ni GKwU ¯^vaxb mwgwZ ¯’vcb hv‡Z †cŠimfv †Pqvig¨vbMY kni wfwËK
¯’vbxq ms¯’vi GKwU ¯^vaxb †dvivg wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib; Ges
3. kni cwiKíbv ˆZwi DbœZ kni e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ ch©vß cÖwk¶Y I Z`viwKi e¨e¯’v Kiv|
Aciw`‡K BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb KZ…©K cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxY kni Dbœqb cªK‡íi AvIZvq Dc‡Rjv
ch©v‡qi kni¸‡jv‡K wKfv‡e Av‡iv kw³kvjx I cwiKwíZ Dcv‡q M‡o †Zvjv hvq G e¨vcv‡i
mywbw`©ó mycvwikgvjv M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î †QvU kni e¨e¯’vcbv I knimg~‡ni KvVv‡gvMZ
Dbœq‡bi Ici †Rvi †`qv n‡q‡Q|
D‡j-wLZ `ywU cÖKíB evsjv‡`k miKvi KZ…©K ev¯—evq‡bi A‡c¶vq i‡q‡Q| cÖ_gwUi ev¯—evq‡bi †¶‡Î wKQyUv
AMÖMwZI n‡”Q|
4.0 bMi cwiPvjb msµvš— mycvwikgvjv ev¯—evq‡bi Dcvq
eZ©gvb cªwZ‡e`‡bi wØZxq D‡Ïk¨ wQj mycvwikgvjv ev¯—evq‡bi c×wZ ev †KŠkj wba©viY Kiv| GUv j¶¨ Kiv
hv‡”Q †h †cŠi KZ…©c¶ Ges Ab¨vb¨ miKvwi Avav-miKvwi ms¯’vmg~‡ni Kv‡Ri eZ©gvb cÖwµqvq AvaywbK bMi
cwiPvj‡bi †Zgb †Kvb †Qvuqv †bB| myôz bMi cwiPvj‡bi Rb¨ BwZc~‡e©I wewfbœ †dvivg †_‡K mycvwik Kiv
n‡q‡Q| ev¯—‡e †`Lv hv‡”Q †h ms¯’vmg~n mycvwik MÖn‡Y †Zgb Drmvnx bq †m wel‡q we‡kl `„wó †`qv `iKvi|
cÖ_gZt RbM‡Yi gZvgZ m„wói gva¨‡g miKvi I †cŠi KZ…©c‡¶i Ici Pvc m„wó Kiv cª‡qvRb Ges bvMwiK
mgv‡Ri (mykxj mgv‡Ri) gva¨‡g GB Pvc cÖ‡qvM Ae¨vnZ ivLv `iKvi| GiKg D‡`¨vM Avgv‡`i †`‡k
B‡Zvg‡a¨ ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e G‡K Av‡iv †Rvi`vi Ki‡Z n‡e| GKwesk kZvãxi bMi Dbœqb P¨v‡jÄ g~jZt
GB bZzb avivi bMi cwiPvjb cÖwZôv Kivi P¨v‡jÄ|
wØZxqZt bvMwiK mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ mnR †hvMv‡hvM I Z_¨ Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GK ev GKvwaK †bUIqvK© M‡o
Zzj‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi †bUIqvK© kni wfwËK GKvwaK kn‡ii g‡a¨ Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l Avš—R©vwZKI n‡Z
cv‡i| cÖ¯—vweZ ‡cŠimfvmg~‡ni †Pqvig¨vb‡`i ¯^vaxb mwgwZ G‡¶‡Î we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Z…ZxqZt bMi mycwiPvj‡bi kZ© (ev m~PKmg~n) h_vh_fv‡e cª‡qvM ev gvbv n‡q‡Q wKbv †m wel‡q bvMwiK
mgvR Zx¶è `„wó ivL‡e Ges †m me kZ© cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ mswk-ó ms¯’v I KZ…©c‡¶i Ici AvBbvbyM mKj iKg
Pvc Ae¨vnZ ivL‡e|

bMi cwiPvjb 11