Precast

Concrete

PRESENTED BY,
ARSHIYA SYED
PRIYANKA BOBAL
FARAH WAHAJ
MADHU KUMAR
SUMEDHA
RASHI
RITU
MAYANK
DHIRAJ

RCC STRUCTURES
Reinforced concrete is concrete in
which reinforcement bars ("rebars")
or fibers have been incorporated to
strengthen the material that would
otherwise be brittle


Concrete M!

Tied
Rebar

History
T"e #se o$ ren$orce% concrete s a
re&at'e&( recent n'enton, #s#a&&(
%ate% to )*+* ,"en -ean.Lo#s La/0ot
0eca/e t"e $rst to #se t
Jose1" Moner, a Frenc" 2ar%ener,
1atente% a %es2n $or ren$orce% 2ar%en
t#0s n )*3*, an% &ater 1atente%
ren$orce% concrete 0ea/s an% 1osts $or
ra&,a( an% roa% 2#ar%ra&s

Precast Concrete
"Precast concrete" /eans a concrete
/e/0er
t"at s cast an% c#re% at a &ocaton ot"er
t"an ts $na&
%es2nate% &ocaton

Precast concrete 0&oc4s

Hstor(

Matera& n RCC
5
Concrete s a
/!t#re o$
Port&an% ce/ent
an% stone
a22re2ate6
5
Stone a22re2ate
can 0e /a%e #1
$ro/ s/a&& 2rans
o$ san%, $st.s7e%
roc4s, or a
co/0naton o$
s7es6

Matera& In Precast
Precast concrete /e/0ers /a( 0e so&%
or /a( contan "o&&o, cores6 Man(
1recast co/1onents "a'e t"nner cross
sectons t"an cast n 1&ace concrete6
Precast concrete /a( 0e et"er nor/a&
or &2"t,e2"t concrete6


So&%
Precast
B&oc4s

Ho&&o,
Precast B&oc4

Concrete Masonr( Unts
8CMU9
B&oc4 s t(1ca&&( $or/e% ,t" &ar2e
"o&&o, cores6 B&oc4 ,t" a /n/#/
:;< so&% cross secton s ca&&e% so&%
0&oc4 e'en t"o#2" t contans "o&&o,
cores6 In /an( cases, 0#&%n2 co%es
re=#re stee& ren$orcn2 0ars to 0e
1&ace% n t"e "o&&o, cores, an% t"e
cores to 0e $&&e% so&% ,t" 2ro#t6

CMU

S&a2 Masonr( #nts
It s "2"&(
#ns#sce1t0&e
to $re an%
%#e to ts
ce&&#&ar
str#ct#re, "as
"2" so#n%
an% t"er/a&
ns#&aton
=#a&t(6

S&a2 concrete /asonr(
#nts "a'e &o, %r(n2
s"rn4a2es6
S&a2 concrete
/asonr( #nts "a'e
a 2reat e$$ect on
0ot" so#n%
a0sor1ton an% t"e
re%#cton n so#n%
trans/sson
t"ro#2" ,a&&s6

A0o#t Precast
Theoretically
there are no
restrictions on
the use of
skeletal framed
precast
construction.
rregular and
challenging
architectural
designs on many
occasions are
more suitable to
precasting.
Suitability of precast construction

Off-site manufacture
The manufacturing of the ma!or
components of the building off"site
reduces the site labour component
dramatically# which in turn# reduces
site costs and time.
The erection crew# necessary for
precast construction# will usually
consist of only about $"% people#
rather than the several do&en
re'uired for in"site construction.

Quality Control
The production of
components off"
site# in a factory
environment
allows each of
the facets
involved in
manufacturing to
be strictly
controlled# and
hence# optimum
'uality to be
maintained.
(rchitectural
finishes including
colours# surface
finishes and
carefully moulded
surfaces allow the
designer
considerable
fle)ibility in the
overall aesthetic
appearance of a
structure compared
with conventional
methods.
Appearance and
Finishes

A
P
P
E
A
R
A
N
CE
F
I
N
I
S
H
E
S

Transportation
5
The erection
procedure# and in
turn the design of
the structure is
very much
affected by the
weight and si&e of
the individual
components. The
transport of the
components is
typically by truck
and as such# it is
imperative to be
aware of allowable
component si&es
and weights. +ite
accessibility for
trucks must also
be considered

The selection of crane type and
si&e is an important ingredient to
the viability of the precast
structure. ,obile cranes are
generally the most economical#
with the new generation of high
capacity and highly maneuverable
machines allowing the use of
larger components and access to
more restricted sites.
Crana2e

Pre"cast foundation
5
Ten times stronger than a block foundation
5
It prevents water infiltration and moisture
build-up.
5
They keep houses warmer and drier than
conventional foundations while adding
valuable living space and increasing resale
values
To en"ance stren2t" an% %#ra0&t(,
t"e( are /an#$act#re% ,t" stee&.ren$orce%
concrete st#%s, r2% ns#&aton8o1tona&9, a
ren$orce% to1 an% 0otto/ 0on% 8$ooter9 0ea/
an% a >.nc" t"c4 concrete $acn26


Fo#n%atons can o$ten 0e nsta&&e%
n #n%er $'e "o#rs #sn2 a 1re.cast
concrete s(ste/6

T"e 0on% 0ea/s an%
concrete $acn2 are
cast n one contn#o#s
1o#r6 T"e( connect to
t"e st#%s 0(
enca1s#&atn2 'ertca&
re0ars an% 2a&'an7e%
"oo4s an% 1ns ,"c"
1rotr#%e $ro/ t"e to1,
0otto/ an% 0ac4 o$
eac" st#%6


A crane s
#se% to &$t t"e
1re.cast
$o#n%atons
,a&&s nto
1&ace


Pre1 ,or4 on t"e
cr#s"e% stone
s#0.$ooter6
Once 1ane&s are
erecte%, sea&e%, an%
0o&te% to2et"er, t"e
0ase/ent s&a0 s
1o#re%6 F&oor -osts
a0o'e t"e
$o#n%aton are
con'entona&&(
nsta&&e% an%
1ro'%e so/e o$ t"e
0racn2 $or t"e
$o#n%aton ,a&&s6
Once 0race% 0( t"e
s&a0 an% $&oor
s(ste/, 0ac4$&&n2
a2anst t"e ,a&&s
can ta4e 1&ace6




Precast 1&es

T(1ca& s"a1es o$ 1recast 1restresse%
concrete 1&n2 are s=#are, "e!a2ona&,
octa2ona& an% ro#n% . ,t" a so&% or
"o&&o, core6 P&es are %es2ne% to resst
co/1resson, tenson, 0en%n2 an%
torson $orces %#rn2 t"e
/an#$act#rn2, trans1ortaton,
"an%&n2 an% nsta&&aton so t"e
str#ct#ra& nte2rt( an% %es2n 1#r1ose
are ac"e'e%6

A beam s a
str#ct#ra& e&e/ent
t"at carres &oa%
1r/ar&( n
0en%n2 8$&e!#re96
Bea/s are
c"aracter7e% 0(
t"er 1ro$&e 8t"e
s"a1e o$ t"er
cross.secton9,
t"er &en2t", an%
t"er /atera&s6
Precast
0ea/s

La(n2 1recast
0ea/s


Precast 1restresse%
concrete rectan2#&ar
0ea/s ,t" s/1&e
s#11ort

Precast 1restresse% concrete &e%2er
0ea/s ,t" s/1&e s#11orts
L 0ea/

?T@.Bea/s
?L@. Bea/s

A column s a 1art
o$ a str#ct#re ,"ose
1#r1ose s to
trans/t t"ro#2"
co/1resson t"e
,e2"t o$ t"e
str#ct#re6 Co&#/ns
are $re=#ent&( #se%
to s#11ort 0ea/s or
arc"es on ,"c" t"e
#11er 1arts o$ ,a&&s
or ce&n2s rest6
Precast
co&#/ns

Co&#/n or2na& core%
o#t6
Benc" r#nnn2 t"e
or2na& co&#/n

Precast columns can be produced as either
multi"storey corbelled columns or single
floor"to"floor elements



+ingle storey
reinforced
columns are
simple to
design# detail
and construct.
-)tra
reinforcem
ent is
usually
provided at
the top and
bottom of
the
column#
these
additional
ties act as
anti"
splitting
reinforcem
ent

The base
connection is
generally analy&ed
as a pin !oint and
due to connection
details the columns
tend to be
conservatively
si&ed#
manufactured with
high strength
concrete# and
reinforcement
typically limited to
four corner bars
with nominal ties.
This approach
results in e)tremely
simple components
that can easily be
mass"produced.



Benefits of Precast Beams and Columns

Ma!/#/ %#ra0&t( an% str#ct#ra& stren2t"

E!ce&&ent $or $ast.trac4 constr#cton

Can 0e /an#$act#re% an% erecte% %#rn2

nc&e/ent ,eat"er

Pro'%es s#1eror &oa%n2 an% c&ear s1ans

C#ts o'era&& constr#cton costs

. Precast /loor +ystems
T"ere are n#/ero#s 1recast $&oorn2
co/1onents to c"oose $ro/, nc&#%n2
5
Ho&&o, core s&a0s
5
Co/1oste Bea/ / S&a0 8U&tra $&oor /
Trans$&oor9
5
Co/1oste Prestresse% P&an4s 8MnS&a0s9
5
Sn2&e an% Do#0&e Tee co/1onents

Hollowcore slabs are manufactured
on long line casting beds (over 011
meters in length) and saw cut to
the re'uired length after curing.
5
( dry cast e)trusion system in
which a very low sump concrete is
forced# or e)truded# through a
machine.
5
( wet mi) method in which a
higher sump concrete is poured in
two or more layers by a machine
similar to a large kerb and channel
machine.

T"e "o&&o,
core s&a0s
are orente%
to et"er s1an
0et,een &oa%
0earn2 s"ear
,a&&s or to
s1an $ro/
t"e centra&
corr%or to an
e!teror ,a&&6
S&a0s can 0e cant&e'ere% #1 to )6* $t 83 /9
to $or/ e!teror 0a&cones6

S&a0 restn2
o'er T.0ea/
Co/1oste Bea/ / S&a0

Co/1oste Prestresse% P&an4
Is a 1recast, 1restresse% t"n concrete 1&ate ,"c"
contans 0otto/ 1restresse% stee& an% ,t" a 'er( ro#2"
s#r$ace an% a'er( s/oot" 0otto/ #se% as a s&a06
A
,or4er
care$#&&(
$ts t"e
concrete
s&a0s
nto
1&ace


Do#0&e tees #se% $or s1ans an% &oa%s
t"at e!cee% t"e ca1act( o$ "o&&o,
core s&a0s 81ar4n2 2ara2es,
s,//n2 1oo&s, $oo% 1rocessn2,
&ar2e n%#stra& 0#&%n2s, etc696
Do#0&e tees
are %ea& $or
$&oor an% roo$
s(ste/s
re=#rn2
/e%#/ to
&on2,
#nnterr#1te%
s1ans an%
"ea'( &oa%
carr(n2
ca1a0&tes

The cast in
place
concrete
characteristi
cs of the
system offer
unlimited
architectural
freedom in
shape design

Fro/ t"e %ra,n2s, En2neers ,&& %eter/ne
t"e o1t/#/ arran2e/ent o$ stee&
ren$orce/ent, concrete an% &attce an%
1ro'%e a&& necessar( ca&c#&atons 1ror to
/an#$act#re an% t"en t"e s&a0 s 1recast 6

5
/2+H-3 4-526+
5
/R- R-++T(24-
5
+7823 PR77/
5
-(RTH98(:-
R-++T(24-
A11&caton
s
. Ho#sn2
. O$$ce an%
Ware"o#se
. H2" rse
B#&%n2
. Jett( an%
Har0o#r
S&a0
. Br%2e
. P&ant
. An( $&oor
constr#cton

Merits of the
precast slabs

Prestresse% Lnte&s
Precast &nte&s
are eas( to
nsta&&, an%
o$$er
s2n$cant
a%'anta2es
o'er t"ose
1o#re% n
1&ace

Precast &nte&s
sa'e t/e an%
/one( 0(
e&/natn2
#nnecessar(
/an "o#rs n
t"e
1re1araton o$
$or/s, c#ttn2
re0ar,
concrete
1o#rn2, an%
c#rn26
No nee% to $a0rcate stee&
an2&es to s1an o1enn2s
an% r#st 1roo$n2 s not
re=#re%6

Precast Wa&&s so/e consst o$ stee&.
ren$orce% concrete r0s t"at r#n 'ertca&&( an%
"or7onta&&( n t"e 1ane&s6 Ot"ers are so&%
1recast concrete 1ane&s6

Hor7onta& &2"t
,a&&
Bertca& L2"t
,a&&

Precast wall panels
offer many benefits
;8niformity of !oints
;,odular dry fi)
panels
;-ase and speed of
installation
;+tandard si&e
panels
;The advantages of
'uality control

Precast stair
flights are
manufactured
to incorporate
the stair flight
and landings as
a refinished
product. They
are designed in
a similar
fashion to
standard in"site
stair flights and
landings with
special
attention
re'uired in the
detailing and
connections.

Precast
Starcases




S1an%re&s
Non &oa%
0earn2
Loa% 0earn2
s1an%re&

Str#ct#ra& s1an%re&
San%,c"
s1an%re&

Arc"tect#ra& s1an%re&

Precast stair flights are manufactured to incorporate the stair flight and landings as a refinished product. They are designed in a similar
fashion to standard in-site stair flights and landings with special attention required in the detailing and connections.
Precast sta%#/ seats
, precast balcony units

Insta&&aton 'er( eas(6
No $ootn2 re=#re%6
It nee%s to 2o on&( C.+ $eet nto t"e eart"6
Precast
$ences

Precast $ences
5
Co/es n
/an(
te!t#res
5
Mantenanc
e not
re=#re%
5
Ma%e o$
stee&
ren$orce/en
t so t s
/ore
%#ra0&e an%
stren2t"ene
%6

PRECAST
ORNAMANTATI
ON UNITS

PRECAST ARCH



Pro'%n2 an% $!n2 1recast 1&an ce/ent concrete )D>D+ 8) ce/ent D >
san% D + ,e&& 2ra%e% stone a22re2ate >E//9 n strn2 co#rses, 0an%s,
co1n2s, 0e% 1&ates, anc"or 0&oc4s, 1&an ,n%o, s&&s an% t"e &4e nc&#%n2
centern2 an% s"#ttern2 an% $ns"n2 s/oot" ,t" 3// t"c4 ce/ent
1&aster )DC 8)ce/ent D C $ne san%9 on e!1ose% s#r$aces co/1&ete #1to
$&oor $'e &e'e&6
Rs.$#.$$.<1
Pro'%n2 an% $!n2 1recast ren$orce% ce/ent concrete )D>D+ 8)
ce/ent D > san%+ ,e&& 2ra%e% stone a22re2ate >E//9 n strn2
co#rses, 0an%s, co1n2s, 0e% 1&ates, anc"or 0&oc4s, 1&an ,n%o, s&&s
an% t"e &4e nc&#%n2 centern2 an% s"#ttern2 an% $ns"n2 s/oot"
,t" 3// t"c4 ce/ent 1&aster )DC 8)ce/ent D C$ne san%9 on
e!1ose% s#r$aces co/1&ete 0#t e!c&#%n2 cost o$ ren$orce/ent #1to
$&oor $'e &e'e&6
Rs.$#=0$.>1
COST ESTIMATION

Pro'%n2 an% &a(n2 1recast ce/ent concrete "o&&o, 0&oc4s o$
stan%ar% s7e CFc/ ! )Fc/ ! Fc/ n ce/ent /ortar ) D + n
s#1erstr#ct#re nc&#%n2 c#rn2 etc6 co/1&ete
Rs..><.%1 s'.mt
Pro'%n2 an% $!n2 );c/ %a at to1 an% >Ec/ at 0otto/ FEc/
"2" 1recast RCC )D>D+ 8) ce/ent D > coarse san% D + 2ra%e%
stone a22re2ate >E// s7e9 0o#n%ar( stone as 1er stan%ar%
%es2n nc&#%n2 s/oot" $ns"n2 ,t" ce/ent /ortar )DC
8)ce/ent D C $ne san%9, c#rn2 etc6 co/1&ete6 8e!c&#%n2 cost
o$ e!ca'aton, re$&&n2 an% concretn296
Rs.?=$.01 each
Pro'%n2 an% $!n2 1recast Rcc stan%ar% 1ost )6*/ &on2 concrete
)D>D+ 8) ce/ent D > coarse san% D + ,e&& 2ra%e% stone a22re2ates
)>6;E// s7e9 stan%ar% 1osts ,t" ,oo%en 1&#2s or 3// 0ar n0s
nc&#%n2 s/oot" $ns"n2 ,t" ce/ent /ortar )DC 8)ce/ent D C $ne
san%9, c#rn2 etc6 co/1&ete6 8e!c&#%n2 cost o$ e!ca'aton, re$&&n2
an% concretn296
Rs..>=.<1 each

T"e Do#0&e.store( Beran%a"
Wt" Its S2nat#re 3C./etre.&on2
Precast Concrete Screen6

5
No $a&se ,or4 s necessar(
5
Can 0e 1&ace% across "2",a(s n ser'ce
5
S"ort %e&'er( t/e
5
Does not re=#re s4&&e% &a0or $or erecton
5
Botto/ s#r$ace s s/oot"
5
T"nner %ec4 res#&tn2 n "2"er 'ertca&
c&earance
5
Fast constr#cton
5
Econo/ca& constr#cton
5
Pro'%es a 1recast so&#ton ,t" a ran2e o$
s7es
5
Pro'%es a sa$e ,or4n2 1&at$or/