Requirements for Installation and

Operation
DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Contents
Contents 3
1 CE marking 5
2 FCC Part 15 compliance 7
3 Environmental requirements 9
3.1 Environmental specifications and requirements for a stand-alone BTS 9
3.2 Installations with cabinet 11
3.3 Environmental specifications and requirements for modules in FCIA 12
3.4 Environmental specifications and requirements for modules in FCOA
without air filter 13
3.5 Environmental specifications and requirements for modules in FCOA with
air filter 14
3.6 Safety distance requirements (compliance boundaries) 15
3.7 Compliance with EMC, RF and safety 24
4 Site requirements 27
4.1 Planning and preparing the site 27
4.2 Site requirements 27
4.2.1 Indoor site requirements 28
4.3 Feederless site requirements 29
4.4 Pole installation requirements 30
4.5 Wall installation requirements 32
4.6 Module clearances 34
4.7 FCIA clearances and anchoring holes 36
4.8 FCOA clearances and anchoring holes 39
5 Power requirements 43
5.1 Grounding requirements 43
5.2 Mains power requirements 44
5.3 BTS power consumption and battery backup times 45
5.4 Overvoltage protection requirements 47
6 Dimensions and weights 49
6.1 Module dimensions and weight 49
6.2 FCIA dimensions and weight 51
6.3 FCOA dimensions and weight 52
7 3rd party cabinet requirements 53
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Contents
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1 CE marking
Figure 1. CE marking
Hereby, Nokia Corporation declares that this Nokia Base Station is in compliance
with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive: 1999/
5/EC.
0523
DN02246819
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CE marking
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2 FCC Part 15 compliance
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. Changes or
modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the users authority to operate the equipment.
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FCC Part 15 compliance
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3 Environmental requirements
3.1 Environmental specifications and requirements for
a stand-alone BTS
Nokia Flexi WCDMA stand-alone BTS (modules installed without a cabinet) can
operate under the environmental specifications defined in the tables below.
When choosing an installation location for Nokia Flexi WCDMA stand-alone
BTS, notice that heat and moisture may damage the equipment. Install the base
station preferably away from direct sunlight, and protect the BTS from direct rain,
splash water and salt fog.
Table 1. Climatic conditions for operation
Property Value
Transportation requirements ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class 2.3, climate conditions
according to class 2.3
(for singe module, in packing)
Storage requirements ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2
(for singe module, in packing)
Operational requirements ETSI 300 019-1-3, class 3.2 (indoor site)
ETSI 300 019-1-4, class 4.1 (outdoor site)
Wind driven rain GR-487-CORE
MIL-STD 810E method 506.3 for Rainfall rate 15
cm/hr and Wind velocity 33 m/s
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Environmental requirements
Table 1. Climatic conditions for operation (cont.)
Property Value
Salt fog and dust IEC 721-2-5
IEC 68-2-52/Kb, Stress level 1 with 0,44% salt
solution by weight.
This corresponds to IEC 721-2-5 Humid costal and
inland (moderate) environment with < 8mg/(m
2
day)
salt deposition for outdoor BTS without optional
cabinet with air filter.
A typical installation location example: 500 m from
the seashore.
Ingress Protection IP55
Safety IEC-60950-1
Earthquake Requirements Bellcore GR-63-CORE, Vibrational requirements
for earthquake Zone 4
Max. 5 modules in pile, maximum total height 15 U
Bellcore GR-63-CORE, Vibrational requirements
for earthquake Zone 2
Max. 9 modules in pile, maximum total height 22 U
Operational temperature range -33C - +50C (91.4F - 122F)
+45C (113F) in direct sunlight
+55C (131F) no guaranteed RF performance
Table 2. Flexi WCDMA BTS acoustic noise (tentative, fan SW control
optimization ongoing )
Configuration Minimum [dBA]
(in 15C, 10 % RF
Load)
Typical [dBA]
(in 23C, 50 % RF
load)
Max [dBA]
(in 40C, 100 %
Rf load)
Max [dBA]
(in 50C, 100 %
RF load)
1+1+1@ 20 W
(System with Dual
and Single RF
Module)
Max. 54 Max. 56 Max. 61 Max. 64
1+1+1@ 40 W
2+2+2@ 20 W
(System with Dual
and Single RF
Module)
Max. 54 Max. 57 Max. 62 Max. 64
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Table 2. Flexi WCDMA BTS acoustic noise (tentative, fan SW control
optimization ongoing ) (cont.)
Configuration Minimum [dBA]
(in 15C, 10 % RF
Load)
Typical [dBA]
(in 23C, 50 % RF
load)
Max [dBA]
(in 40C, 100 %
Rf load)
Max [dBA]
(in 50C, 100 %
RF load)
2+2+2@ 40 W
4+4+4 @ 20 W
(System with three
Dual Modules)
Max. 55 Max. 59 Max. 64 Max. 65
FPMA effect
Add to above
values:
Max. 1.5 Max. 1.5 Max. 1.5 Max. 1.5
If the base station site does not meet the above mentioned requirements, it may be
necessary to install the modules inside an outdoor cabinet. See Section
Installations with cabinet for more information.
3.2 Installations with cabinet
Modules can be installed in an indoor cabinet or an outdoor cabinet without an air
filter, when:
.
You want to install more than nine modules in a pile (total height over 22
U),
.
you want to install more than five modules in a pile (total height over 15
U) and still meet the Bellcore GR-63-CORE Zone 4 requirement,
.
you want to install the BTS in a separate locked space,
.
installation space for site support or integrated battery backup unit (IBBU)
is needed.
Note
IBBU can only be installed in outdoor cabinet.
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Environmental requirements
BTS outdoor cabinet installation with an air filter must be used when standard
based operational environmental conditions presented in Environmental
specifications and requirements for a stand-alone BTS are exceeded. A cabinet
with an optional air filter is needed to provide better environmental conditions for
the BTS. Typically, a cabinet with an optional air filter is needed:
.
in places where dust is a concern,
.
next to a dusty road with heavy traffic,
.
in sandy terrain with the possibility of wind-blown sand in the air,
.
next to an industrial plant with significant emissions of dust or other
particles, such as cement factory, sawmill, and so on,
.
nearby a cornfield with heavy straw dust during harvesting,
.
in places where salt fog or acid rain caused by air pollution is a concern,
.
near sea shore:
.
with dense salt fog due to breaking waves,
.
with dense salt fog and line of sight to the sea (not behind a large
building),
.
where wind-driven salt fog from sea can be identified.
.
in site locations where surrounding metal structures show signs of
corrosion due to extreme conditions (salt in air),
.
in locations with especially heavy rainfalls and high humidity combined
with air pollution.
3.3 Environmental specifications and requirements for
modules in FCIA
Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS modules inside Flexi Cabinet for Indoor (FCIA) can
operate in the climatic conditions as defined in the table below.
Table 3. Climatic conditions for operation
Property Value
Transportation requirements ETS 300 019-1-2, Class 2.3
Storage requirements ETS 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2
Operational requirements ETS 300 019-1-3, Class 3.2
GR-63-CORE
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Table 3. Climatic conditions for operation (cont.)
Property Value
Noise power, night time
(in +15 C, according ISO 3744)
55 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, day time
(in +23 C according ISO 3744)
59 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, extreme
(in +45 C, according ISO 3744)
64 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Salt fog and dust IEC 68-2-60/Ke
Ingress Protection IP22
Safety IEC 60950-1
Earthquake Requirements Bellcore GR-63-CORE, Zone 4
3.4 Environmental specifications and requirements for
modules in FCOA without air filter
Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS modules installed inside Flexi Cabinet for Outdoor
(FCOA) can operate in the climatic conditions as defined in the table below.
Table 4. Climatic conditions for operation
Property Value
Transportation requirements ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class 2.3, climate conditions
according to class 2.3
Storage requirements ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2
Operational requirements ETSI 300 019-1-4, class 4.1 and IEC class 4M5
Wind Driven rain GR-487-CORE
MIL-STD 810E method 506.3 for Rainfall rate 15
cm/hr.
Wind load 67 m/s
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Table 4. Climatic conditions for operation (cont.)
Property Value
Salt fog and dust IEC 721-2-5
IEC 68-2-52/Kb, Stress level 1 with 0,44% salt
solution by weight.
This corresponds to IEC 721-2-5 Humid costal and
inland (moderate) environment with < 8mg/(m
2
day)
salt deposition for outdoor BTS without optional
cabinet with air filter.
Typical installation location example: 500 m from
the seashore.
Noise power, night time (in +15 C,
according ISO 3744)
55 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, day time (in +23 C
according ISO 3744)
59 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, extreme (in +45 C,
according ISO 3744)
64 dB(A)
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Ingress Protection IP55
Safety IEC-60950-1
Earthquake Requirements Bellcore GR-63-CORE, Zone4
3.5 Environmental specifications and requirements for
modules in FCOA with air filter
Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS modules installed inside Flexi Cabinet for Outdoor
(FCOA) with an optional air filter can operate in the climatic conditions as
defined in the table below.
Table 5. Climatic conditions for operation
Property Value
Transportation requirements ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class 2.3, climate conditions
according to class 2.3
Storage requirements ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2
Operational requirements ETSI 300 019-1-4, class 4.1 and IEC class 4M5
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Table 5. Climatic conditions for operation (cont.)
Property Value
Wind Driven rain GR-487-CORE
MIL-STD 810E method 506.3 for Rainfall rate 15
cm/hr
Wind load 67 m/s
Salt fog and dust IEC 721-2-5
IEC 68-2-52/Kb, Stress level 1 with 5% salt
solution by weight
This corresponds to IEC 721-2-5 oceanic and
coastal environment with > 8mg/(m
2
day) salt
deposition for outdoor BTS with optional air filter.
When installing a cabinet with an air filter on a sea shore, it is recommended that the cabinet
is installed with the side wall facing the sea (not the filter or the door).
Noise power, night time (in +15 C,
according ISO 3744)
56 dB(A)*
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, day time (in +23 C
according ISO 3744)
60 dB(A)*
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Noise power, extreme (in +45 C,
according ISO 3744)
65 dB(A)*
(for 1+1+1 configuration)
Ingress Protection IP55
Safety IEC-60950-1
Earthquake Requirements Bellcore GR-63-CORE, Zone4
*Noise power figures measured with a clean filter.
3.6 Safety distance requirements (compliance
boundaries)
This section describes compliance with reference levels (based on basic
restrictions) for general public and occupational exposure to radio frequency
electromagnetic fields
Installing base stations to ensure public safety
This equipment generates radio frequency energy, which has a thermal effect
when absorbed by the human body. For this reason compliance boundaries
specific to this equipment have been established. The thermal effects of radio
frequency energy can exceed safety levels when a person is inside the established
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compliance boundaries. Observe the compliance boundary, and make sure the
general public has no access to areas inside the established boundaries. The
information shown in Warnings and cautions provided section below is taken
from the relevant section of Nokias user manual containing warnings and
cautions specific to the equipment.
Installing base stations to ensure installer safety
Installation engineers need to be aware of the potential risk of the thermal effects
of radio frequency energy and how to protect him/herself against undue risk. The
information shown in Warnings and cautions provided section is taken from the
relevant section of Nokias user manual containing warnings and cautions
specific to the equipment.
Warnings and cautions provided
Reference safety distances
When working close to transmitter antennas, the proper safety distances must be
observed. The minimum safe distance from an antenna is measured in metres.
Warning
Do not go any closer to a live antenna than the compliance boundary. The
radio frequency energy generated by the antenna poses a serious health risk.
Warning
If performing installation or maintenance procedures on a BTS, make sure
that all transmitters in the area are switched off.
When assessing the applicable boundaries, the European standards EN 50383,
EN 50384, EN 50385 and Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC for
occupational and general public electromagnetic exposure limits - see Annex A -
have been applied.
The statements shown below are taken from the Nokias user manual containing
warning and cautions specific to the equipment.
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Assessment applying SAR measurements
European standards EN 50383, EN 50384 and EN 50385 do not include
specifications for whole body SAR measurements. Whole body SAR
measurements are not required for transmitters that have maximum output power
levels too low to result in exposure levels that can reach the whole body SAR
compliance limits under any conditions. Whole body SAR exclusion power
levels have been based on the worst case assumptions. For details, see the table
below.
Table 6. Whole body SAR exclusion power levels
Exposure category Maximum output power (rms)
General public Max power [W] = general public whole
body SAR limit [W/kg] * 12.5 kg: 4-year-
old child body mass = 1 W
Occupational Max power [W] = occupational whole
body SAR limit [W/kg] * 42 kg: 16-year-
old worker body mass = 16.8 W
Localised SAR measurements can only be used when:
1. The separation between the phantom and the outer surface of the energy
generating element is 40 cm (15.6 in.) or less.
2. The surface area of the energy generating element is less than 60 cm (23.6
in.) by 30 cm (11.8 in.).
3. The frequency is in the range of 800 to 3000 MHz.
For the reasons above, SAR measurements are not applicable to Nokia Flexi
WCDMA Base Station.
Assessment of compliance boundary
The compliance boundary is defined as the area around the antenna shown in the
Area around the antenna figure below. The antenna is located at the origo.
Distances from the antenna are shown. The top and side views are shown in the
Antenna side and top view figure below, in Picture 1 and Picture 2.
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Figure 2. Area around the antenna
Figure 3. Antenna side and top view
0
0
0
Dside
back
Ddown
Drear
Dfront
front
front
Dside
Dside
Dup
DN03400968
DN03400995
1 2
Dside
back
Drear
back
Dside
Dfront
triangle
Dside
front
Dside
front
Drear
Dup
Ddown
Dfront
triangle
Dfront
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The compliance boundaries for Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base Station 1,7/2,1 are
given in the tables below for different power levels at the antenna input. Typical
and worst case power level configurations for general public (GP) and
occupational (O) exposure limits are included in the tables below.
Table 7. Dimensions of compliance boundary in
meters (General Public)
Dfront Dfront
triangl
e
Drear Dside
back
Dside
front
Dup Ddown
Freq.
(MHz)
Power at
antenna
input
GP GP GP GP GP GP GP
900 40 7 2.4 0.3 0.4 2 0.95 0.95
1700 40 4.4 1.2 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.6
1800 40 4.4 1.2 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.5 0.5
2100 40 4.7 1.5 0.1 0.4 1.5 0.6 0.6
Table 8. Dimensions of compliance boundary in
meters (occupational)
Dfront Dfront
triangl
e
Drear Dside
back
Dside
front
Dup Ddown
Freq.
(MHz)
Power at
antenna
input
O O O O O O O
900 40 2.95 1 0.05 0.2 0.6 0.85 0.85
1700 40 1.9 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.45 0.48 0.48
1800 40 2.1 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.65 0.45 0.45
2100 40 1.95 0.7 0.1 0.25 0.5 0.6 0.6
The component specifications for 900 MHz and 1800 MHz also apply to 850
MHz and 1900 MHz products, respectively, and can be used to demonstrate
compliance with FCC guidelines for human exposure to radio frequency
electromagnetic fields contained in FCC document OET Bulletin 65 (August
1997).
Typical configuration
The antenna is connected through a connector and cable(s) to the base station as
shown in the figure below.
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Figure 4. Antenna connection to the BTS
Table 9. A detailed description of the components
Power (P
out
) 20 W
Total connector loss 0.0 dB
Total cable loss 0.0 dB
Total Loss (L) = Total connector loss +
Total cable loss
0.0 dB
Number of transmitter unit (N) 1
Power at antenna input = P
out
N10
-L / 10
20 W
To the base station
Antenna connector
Cable
Antenna
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The worst-case power level configuration is when N is 2 and there is no loss. In
such a case, the power at antenna input is 40 W.
Table 10. A typical antenna specification
Frequency 2100 MHz 1700 MHz 1800/1900/2100 MHz
Gain 17.2 dBi 17 dBi 17.2 dBi
Half-power beam width H-plane: 68 deg. H-plane: 60 deg. H-plane: 68 deg.
E-plane: 10 deg. E-plane: 10 deg. E-plane: 10 deg.
Electrical downtilt 0 deg. 0 deg. 0 deg.
Height/width/depth 1000 / 200 / 100 mm 1100 / 200 / 100 mm 1100 / 200 / 100 mm
When using different configurations
IMPORTANT:
.
In tables 'Dimensions of compliance boundary in meters for general
public (GP)' and 'Dimensions of compliance boundary in meters
(Occupational)' the compliance boundaries are given for different
power levels, including the typical and worst case levels. If an exposure
limit, antenna, and/or configuration is used which does not correspond
to the levels given in tables 'Dimensions of compliance boundary in
meters for general public (GP)' and 'Dimensions of compliance
boundary in meters (Occupational)', the compliance boundary must
be re-calculated according to EN50383.
.
The formula for calculating the compliance boundary using the far-
field model, which is referenced in EN50383, is given in ANNEX B
later in this section. This model is applicable for calculating the
compliance boundary for the far-field region and over estimates the
compliance boundary for the radiating near-field region, but is not
applicable for calculating the compliance boundary for the reactive
near-field region where the distance from the antenna is less than or
equal to / 4.
ANNEX A: Council recommendation 1999/519/EC for occupational and
general public electromagnetic exposure limits
Table 11. Basic restrictions
Exposure
characteristics
Frequency
range
Whole body
average SAR
(W kg
-1
Localised SAR
(head and
trunk) W kg
-1
Localised SAR
(limbs) W kg
-1
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Table 11. Basic restrictions (cont.)
Occupational
exposure
10 MHz - 10
GHz
0.4 10 20
General public
exposure
10 MHz - 10
GHz
0.08 2 4
Note
All SAR values are to be averaged over any period of 6 minutes.
Note
Localised SAR averaging mass is any 10 g of contiguous tissue: the maximum
SAR so obtained should be the value used for the estimation of exposure.
Note
Basic restrictions between 10 GHz and 300 GHz are given in power densities. For
occupational exposure, it is 50 Wm
-2
and for general public exposure 10 Wm
-2
.
Table 12. Reference values calculated from basic restrictions
Exposure
characteristics
Frequency range Electric field
strength V/m
Equivalent plane
wave power density
S (W m
-2
)
Occupational
exposure
10 - 400 MHz
400 - 2000 MHz
2 - 300 GHz
61
3f
1/2
137
10
f/40
50
General public
exposure
10 - 400 MHz
400 - 2000 MHz
2 - 300 GHz
28
1.375f
1/2
61
2
f/200
10
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.
f is frequency in MHz
.
for frequencies between 100 KHz and 10 GHz, S is to be averaged over
any period of 6 minutes
.
for frequencies exceeding 10 GHz, S is to be averaged over any period of
68/f
1.05
minutes (f in GHz)
ANNEX B: Far-field calculation method
This model is applicable for calculating the compliance boundary for the far-field
region and over estimates the compliance boundary for the radiating near-field
region, but is not applicable for calculating the compliance boundary for the
reactive near-field region where the distance from the antenna is less than or
equal to /4, which is 3.75 cm at 2000 MHz. Therefore, all calculations are valid
when the compliance boundary is greater or equal to the antenna dimensions plus
/4.
The minimum safety distance (compliance boundary) in metres, or 'r
min
', is
calculated according to the following equation:
Figure 5. Formula for safety distances
The meaning of each formula component is as follows:
.
N is the number of transmitter units per one antenna
.
G is the antenna gain (in dB)
.
L is the minimum cable losses (in dB)
.
P
out
is the maximum power of one transmitter unit (in W)
.
S is the maximum power density limit (in W/m)
DN02152589
S
P
L G
N
r
p
4
10 / ) (
10
out
min
-
=
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Note
In the far-field, the field calculation does not take into account the antenna size,
which is assumed to be a point source. Therefore, when calculating the
compliance boundary, the far-field data, antenna size and reactive field criteria
have to be taken into account.
3.7 Compliance with EMC, RF and safety
In Europe this means compliance with Directive 1999/5/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity.
In other market areas additional compliance is fulfilled according to relevant
authority requirements.
EMC emission
.
ETSI EN 301 489-1: Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum
Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio
equipment and services; Part 1: Common technical requirements.
.
EN55022 (1994): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio
disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment".
.
3GPP TS 25.113: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical
Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Base station and Repeater
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47, Part 15 "Radio Frequency
Devices"
EMC immunity
.
ETSI EN 301 489-1: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum
Matters (ERM); Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio
equipment and services - Part 1: Common technical requirements.
.
ETSI EN 301 489-23: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum
Matters (ERM); Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio
equipment and services - Part 23: Specific conditions for IMT-2000
CDMA Direct Spread (UTRA) Base Station (BS) radio, repeater and
ancillary equipment.
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.
3GPP TS 25.113: 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical
Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Base station and Repeater
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
.
IEC 1000-4-9: Pulse magnetic field immunity test.
.
IEC 1000-4-8: "Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 4. Testing and
measurement techniques Section 8: Power frequency magnetic field
immunity test, Basic EMC Publication".
RF
.
ETSI EN 301 908-1: Electromagnetic Compatibility and RadioSpectrum
Matters (ERM); Base Stations (BS) and User equipment (UE) for IMT-
2000 third-generation cellular networks - Part 1: Harmonized standard for
IMT-2000, introduction and common requirements, covering essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&D Directive.
.
ETSI EN 301 908-3: Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum
Matters (ERM); Base Stations (BS) and User equipment (UE) for IMT-
2000 third-generation cellular networks - Part 3: Harmonized standard for
IMT-2000 CDMA Direct Spread (UTRA FDD) (BS) covering essential
requirements of article 3.2 of the R&D Directive.
.
3GPP TS 25.141:3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical
Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Base station conformance
testing (FDD)
.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47, Part 22 "Public Mobile
Services"
.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47, Part 24 "Personal
Communication Services"
.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47, Part 2 "Frequency
Allocations and Radio Treaty Matters; General Rules and Regulations"
.
FCC Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 47, Part 27 "Advanced Wireless
Services"
Safety
.
IEC 60950-1/ EN 60950-1: Safety of Information Technology equipment
including electrical business equipment.
.
EN 50383: Basic standard for the calculation and measurement of the
electromagnetic field strength and SAR related to human exposure from
radio base stations and fixed terminal stations for wireless
telecommunications system (110 MHz - 40 GHz)
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Environmental requirements
.
EN 50384: Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of radio base
stations and fixed terminal stations for wireless telecommunications
systems with the basic restrictions or the reference levels related to human
exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (110 MHz - 40 GHz) -
Occupational
.
EN 50385: Product standard to demonstrate the compliances of radio base
stations and fixed terminal stations for wireless telecommunications
systems with the basic restrictions or the reference levels related to human
exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (110 MHz - 40 GHz) -
General public
.
UL 60950-1: "Safety of Information Technology Equipment"
26 (54) # Nokia Corporation DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
4 Site requirements
4.1 Planning and preparing the site
Purpose
Before installing the BTS, the site must be properly surveyed and prepared, and
all required external connections must be correctly installed. Any special
requirements for installation must also be identified during the survey.
Steps
1. Check that the BTS can be installed safely:
.
The site is accessible, adequately lit and safe for working.
.
Safety distance calculations are made and taken into account. See
Section Safety distance requirements (compliance boundaries).
.
Site is prepared according to drawings.
.
Site survey is complete.
.
Site Survey Report is available.
.
Site is clean.
.
Product delivery is complete.
.
All wiring is done in accordance with national electric code.
.
Needed equipment is available as defined in the Site Survey Report.
.
Sufficient service clearances are available.
2. Verify that the following external cabinet connections are available:
.
Grounding busbar,
.
Mains power (AC or DC, depending on the site),
.
Transmission connection point.
4.2 Site requirements
Ensure that the following BTS site requirements are met:
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Site requirements
1. All required documentation is available, for example, site-specific
installation instructions.
2. When radio link transmission is used, the line-of-sight to the far end radios
has been ensured.
3. External connections for the cabinet are available: site grounding point,
mains power (AC or DC according to the site), and transmission
connection point. Also AC or DC distribution panel and AC electric are
available for power tools.
4. Main grounding (earthing) is installed and tested.
5. Floor or wall surface is even (installation base flatness requirement is 2
mm (0.08 in.).
6. Wall or pole at the BTS site is strong enough to withstand the weight of the
BTS.
7. Wall or pole at the BTS site is strong enough to meet earthquake
requirement Bellcore GR-63 core Zone 4.
8. Pole at the BTS site is strong enough to withstand the wind load.
9. The BTS is not taken out of its delivery package until the site construction
work is finished and the site is clean and dry.
10. Site security is established so the BTS and other units can remain
undisturbed at the site.
11. Make sure you can take the BTS to the installation site. For example, in
roof top installations, the hole through which you take the BTS to the roof
must be large enough.
4.2.1 Indoor site requirements
If installing the BTS to an indoor site, ensure that the following indoor BTS site
requirements are met:
.
Door and lock to site room are properly installed and operational
(recommended).
.
Access to the site is secure.
.
Site is adequately lit.
.
Feeder entry hole and cable rack for feeder and power cables are ready, if
needed.
.
Heater, or air conditioner, is installed and operational, if needed. This
depends on the heat emission and the environment.
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
4.3 Feederless site requirements
The feederless site requirements are described in the following tables.
Table 13. Flexi Power AC/DC sub-module for RF Module Single (FPAB)
Property FPAB AC sub-module for RF
Module Single
Nominal AC voltage [V] 100240 (1-phase)
Optional Permitted AC operating voltage
and frequency fluctuation (external supply
range) [V] [Hz]
90 276 VAC @ 400 W DC output
Max. 315 +/-5 VAC overvoltage up to 3
minutes
45 66 Hz
Output -56 VDC
400 W
Weight < 2.6 kg
Protection class IP 67
Operating temperature -35 +55 C (without solar load)
Installation Inside Flexi RF Module Single
Note
If 3rd party DC power supply is in use, the voltage in RF Module input port has
to be min. 40.5 VDC.
Table 14. Nokia requirements for a shielded, locally sourced DC cable
Property DC cable requirements
Resistance < 1ohm / km
Inductance < 0,3 mH / km
Length Max. 100 meters between DC supply
and Nokia Flexi RF Module (Single)
Diameter Min. x 16 mm
2
twisted
Shielding Min. 16 mm
2
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Site requirements
Table 15. Requirements for optical interface
Property Optical interface
Nokia IP55 cable length 50 or 100 meters
Two cables can be connected to 150 or
200 meters.
LC duplex optical connector ANSI TIA/EIA604-10 (FOCIOUS10)
Conventional OM2 duplex multimode
fibre, connection to SFP module
(ISO-11801), ITU G.651
OFL BW 500 MHz*km
50/125 um (core/cladding diameter)
Allowed attenuation Approx. 0.75 dB/ connection
Operating temperature -40 +85C
Installation temperature -20 +50C
Minimum bend radius 70 mm
Max. crush resistance 750 N/cm
Max. tensile load 500 N
Weather protection Min. IP55 with Nokia cable connector
4.4 Pole installation requirements
The optional pole mounting kit enables Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS installation
on a pole 60-300 mm in diameter. Up to four modules can be fitted in one pole
mounting kit.
Note
Only two modules can be installed per plinth.
When installing modules on a pole, make sure that the pole at the BTS site is
strong enough to withstand the weight of the BTS, to meet earthquake
requirement Bellcore GR-63 core Zone 4, and the wind load requirement.
30 (54) # Nokia Corporation DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Figure 6. Wind load calculations, side view
When the wind area is as in the Wind load calculations, side view figure, the area
used for wind load calculations is 0.33 m
2
.
DN7083024
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Site requirements
Figure 7. Wind load calculations, front view
When the wind area is as in the Wind load calculations, front view figure, the area
for wind load calculations depends on the number of installed modules. See the
table below for more information.
Table 16. The area for wind load calculations
Number of modules Area
1 0.12 m
2
2 0.18 m
2
3 0.30 m
2
4 0.36 m
2
4.5 Wall installation requirements
The optional mounting kit for floor, wall and pole (FMFA) enables Nokia Flexi
WCDMA BTS installation on a wall.
4 3 1 2
DN7083036
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
The following requirements must be filled when modules are installed on the
wall:
.
Qualified personnel must inspect the installation wall before mounting the
BTS.
.
It must be ensured that the installation wall is strong enough to bear the
weight of the BTS in any condition.
.
The wall must meet earthquake requirement Bellcore GR-63 Core.
.
The module fixing screws (4 pcs) and module casing must be tightened to
5 Nm to meet the earthquake requirement Bellcore GR-63 Cor, Vibrational
requirements for earthquake Zone 4.
.
The maximum number of modules per plinth is two.
.
For full configuration, three plinths must be used.
.
Modules must be installed in horizontal alignment, cabling direction up
and down.
.
Module bottoms must be installed facing the wall.
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Site requirements
Figure 8. Installation example: modules on the wall
4.6 Module clearances
The minimum clearances around the modules are presented in the following table
and figure.
min 100 mm
(3.9 in.)
DN7037094
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Table 17. Required minimum clearances
Property Value
Front space 600 mm (23.6 in. front maintenance
space)
Back space 50 mm (2.0 in. intake air space)
200 mm (7.9 in. to remove back cover
and change fan)
Top space 30 mm (1.2 in.)
Space on both sides 75 mm (3.0 in. with front covers)
Space on both sides (if two base stations
are installed side by side on floor or wall)
100 mm (3.9 in.)
Figure 9. Minimum clearances around the stand-alone base station
Tip
Fans can also be changed without minimum clearances, with no back access, but
this requires removing the unit from the casing or the cabinet.
min 75 mm
(3.0 in.)
min 40 mm
(1.6 in.) no back access
min 600 mm
( 23.6 in.)
DN7038151
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Site requirements
4.7 FCIA clearances and anchoring holes
See the following table and figures for required clearances around Nokia Flexi
Cabinet for Indoor (FCIA).
Table 18. Cabinet clearances
Property Required clearance
Front of the cabinet 900 mm (35.4 in.)
Behind the cabinet 50 mm (2 in.)
Behind the cabinet (with maintenance
space in the back)
500 mm (19.7 in.)
Space on the door hinges side of the
cabinet
50 mm (2.0 in.)
Door swing radius 600 mm (23.6 in.)
Above the cabinet 300 mm (11.8 in.)
A 50 mm backstop is included in the cabinet delivery. The clearance behind the
cabinet is measured from the back wall of the cabinet.
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Figure 10. Clearances around the indoor cabinet
DN7083227
300mm (11.8 in)
900 mm
(35.4 in)
Front
Maintenance
space
500 mm
(19.7 in)
Top view
600 mm
(23.6 in)
570 mm
(22.4 in)
Door
swing radius
600 mm (23.6 in)
50 mm
(2.0 in)
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Site requirements
Figure 11. FCIA fixing points, minimum clearances
X
X X
X
Facility wall
Back stop
Front
600 mm
(23.6 in)
457 mm
(18.0 in)
71.5 mm
(2.8 in)
71.5 mm
(2.8 in)
300 mm
(11.8 in)
570 mm
(22.4 in)
620 mm
(24.4 in)
179 mm
(7.0 in)
X - Location of earthquake anchor holes
DN7083242
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Figure 12. FCIA fixing points with maintenance space in the back
Anchoring holes
The cabinet is anchored to the ground using four M10 or M12 bolts.
4.8 FCOA clearances and anchoring holes
See the following table and figure for required clearances around Flexi Cabinet
for Outdoor (FCOA).
X
X X
X
Facility wall
Back stop
Front
600 mm
(23.6 in)
457 mm
(18.0 in)
71.5 mm
(2.8 in)
71.5 mm
(2.8 in)
300 mm
(11.8 in)
570 mm
(22.4 in)
1070 mm
(42.1 in)
629 mm
(24.8 in)
X - Location of earthquake anchor holes
DN7086669
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Site requirements
Table 19. Cabinet clearances
Property Required clearance
Front of the cabinet 800 mm (31.5 in.)
Behind the cabinet (one cabinet installed) 0 mm/in.
Behind the cabinet (several cabinet
installed in a row)
100 mm (4 in.)
Behind the cabinet (with back access) 500 mm (19.7 in.)
Behind the cabinet (with air filter and
cables routed via back)
1000 mm (39.3 in.)
Behind the cabinet (with air filter and
cables routed via side or via bottom)
450 mm (17.7 in.)
Door opening direction 50 mm (2 in.)
Door opening with wind breaker 80 mm (3.2 in.)
Above the cabinet 500 mm (19.7 in.)
40 (54) # Nokia Corporation DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Figure 13. Cabinet clearances and anchoring holes
DN7067652
Isometric view
Front
800 mm
(31.5 in)
500mm (19.7 in)
500 mm
(19.7 in)
with
maintenance
space
Top view
50 mm (2.0 in)
80 mm
(if windbreaker
is installed)
Bottom view
770mm (30.3 in)
620 mm (24.4 in)
75 mm (3.0 in)
5
7
5
m
m
(
2
2
.
6
i
n
)
7
7
0
m
m
(
3
0
.
3
i
n
)
Front side
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Site requirements
Anchoring holes
The cabinet is anchored to the ground using four M12 bolts. Additional four holes
are available for backup purposes, in case the actual holes cannot be used for
some reason.
42 (54) # Nokia Corporation DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
5 Power requirements
5.1 Grounding requirements
Grounding is required to ensure personnel safety and to avoid electrostatic
discharge which can damage the equipment.
To protect the BTS from damaging overvoltages through antenna equipment,
communication cables, or power supply lines, grounding cabling must be planned
and installed before the installation of the base station. To avoid interference, it is
recommended that large grounding systems are designed case-specifically.
A power plug with a protective ground connection is not sufficient for Nokia
Flexi WCDMA BTS. Grounding must have a fixed, non-removable connection.
Note
Follow local requirements for earthing (grounding). The principles and
requirements vary in different countries.
Observe the following recommendations when planning the BTS grounding:
.
The grounding cable is connected with screws to the BTS grounding point.
.
The minimum cross-section of the copper (Cu) grounding conductor is
following:
.
Grounding cable cross-section has to be more than any of AC or DC
power feeding cable cross-section.
.
When 220-240 VAC is used, power cables shall be 1.5 - 2.5 mm
2
(15...13 AWG) and grounding cable 2.5 mm
2
(13 AWG).
.
When 100-110 VAC is used, power cables shall be 1.5 - 2.5 mm
2
(15...13 AWG) and grounding cable 4 mm
2
(11 AWG).
.
When 48 VDC is used, power cables shall be 6 - 10 mm
2
(9...7
AWG) and grounding cable 6 mm
2
(9 AWG).
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Power requirements
.
The earthing (grounding) resistance target of the BTS site is =10 . If it is
not possible to reach this target due to difficult conditions, for instance in
areas such as solid rocks or dry desert, the earthing (grounding) resistance
can be max. 150 .
.
The ground cable must be connected to a main grounding busbar.
.
Route the ground cables as directly as possible from the equipment to the
grounding point. Avoid unnecessary loops and sharp bending of the
grounding cable. The ground cables should not be run parallel with power
cables.
.
The external antenna feeders must also be grounded according to the local
legislation if the antennas are exposed to lightning.
5.2 Mains power requirements
Warning
Danger of lethal voltages! Make sure that the mains power breaker is off,
and that the cabinet is properly earthed (grounded), before removing any
connections from the cabinet.
Ensure that the site has a main switch for disconnecting the site power. The
disconnecting device shall disconnect both input supply poles simultaneously.
The cross-sectional area of the Main Earthing Conductor (PE) shall not be less
than live and neutral conductors nor less than 6 mm
2
. The impedance of the earth
connection shall be as low as possible.
Table 20. Permitted operating voltage
Property Nominal operating voltage Permitted operating voltage
DC voltage 48 VDC 40.5 to 57 VDC
AC voltage with
optional AC
Module
200 - 240 VAC 184 to 276 VAC (45 - 66 Hz)
DC voltage with
optional DC
Module
24 VDC 18 to 32 VDC
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
5.3 BTS power consumption and battery backup times
See the following table for power consumption of Flexi Modules and BBU times
with FPMA.
Estimated power consumption [W]
at 48 VDC input in 23 C
Estimated typical BBU time
(23C) for one module with
typical 50 % load and new
fresh battery
Flexi WCDMA
Module
Typical 10 %
load
Typical 50 %
load
Typical 100
% load
FPMA
+FPAA + 1
FPBA
FPMA
+FPAA+ 2
FPBAs
FPMA
+FPAA+ 3
FPBAs
System Module
FSM
60 90 120 80 min. 160 min. 240 min.
RF Module
Single
20 W mode
(FRGD, FRxB)
123 152 183 65 min. 130 min. 195 min.
RF Module
Single
40 W mode
(FRGD,FRxB)
151 200 255 50 min. 100 min. 150 min.
See the following table for Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS power consumption
values at 48 VDC input in 23C.
Table 21. Tentative typical and maximum power consumptions for Nokia Flexi
WCDMA BTS configurations
Configuration Estimated typical power consumption [W]
at 48 VDC input with
Estimated typical BBU time (23C) with
typical 50 % RF load and new batteries
Separate battery with MIBBU FPMA &
FPBA with
FPAA
10 % RF
load
50 % RF
load
100 % RF
load
92 Ah 62 Ah
1 carrier
omni (min.
20 W)
190 250 300 16 h 11 h up to 120
(3 FPBAs)
up to 40 (1
FBPA)
1+1+1 (min.
20 W)
400 510 630 7 h 30 min 5 h up to 59 (3
FPBAs)
up to 20 (1
FBPA)
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Power requirements
Table 21. Tentative typical and maximum power consumptions for Nokia Flexi
WCDMA BTS configurations (cont.)
1+1+1 (min.
40 W)
490 660 850 5 h 30 min 4 h up to 46 (3
FPBAs)
up to 15 (1
FBPA)
2+2+2 (min.
20 W)
490 660 850 5 h 30 min 4 h up to 46 (3
FPBAs)
up to 15 (1
FBPA)
2+2+2 (min.
40 W per
carrier)
(3 x FRGC/
FRxA)
860 1180 1530 3 h 15 min 2 h 15 min up to 17 (2
FPAAs + 2
FPBAs)
4+4+4 (min.
20 W per
carrier)
(3 x FRGC/
FRxA)
860 1180 1530 3 h 15 min 2 h 15 min up to 17 (2
FPAAs + 2
FPBAs)
Flexi Outdoor
cabinet Filter
(FCFA) fan
60 (clean) 100 180 (dirty) N/A N/A N/A
Flexi Outdoor
cabinet Site
Support
(FCSA) HEX
fans
34 at 23C 94 at 55C N/A N/A N/A
Basic typical conditions:
.
E1 transport used
.
room temperature 23C
.
80 CE HW
.
for 240 CEs HW, add 30 W
.
for 480 CEs HW, add additional 100 W
.
no MHA power feeding included
.
no antenna tilting power feeding included
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Flexi BTS site maximum power consumption consists of 2x30 W power feed to
MHA + antenna tilt. Up to 50 W/ 100 W (single/dual) higher power consumption
can exist in extreme conditions and in BTS output power overdrive situations. In
possible short circuit cases (for instance, antenna line), power consumption can
momentarily be higher.
Note
Values are given for 2.1 GHz RF module. For other RF Module variants, there is
max. +10 % power consumption increase.
The values do not include optional cabinet (FCOA) and optional site support
(FCSA) power consumption. For microwave transmission sub-module case
(FTFA), add max. 50 W.
The estimated maximum heat load can be assumed to be the same as the power
consumption values.
5.4 Overvoltage protection requirements
The requirements for overvoltage protection are described in the tables below.
.
Supply voltage Nominal 48 V DC according ETSI 300 -132
.
Protection level U
p
(Line Line) < 500 V (at I
n
, 8 / 20 us)
.
Protection level U
p
(Line Ground) < 1000 V (at I
n
, 8 / 20 us)
Table 22. Nokia requirements for overvoltage protection (common mode)
OVP Class II (C/T2) requirements for common
mode
Voltage protection level, Up <0.5 kV
Nominal discharge current, In 15 kA
Max. discharge current, Imax 40 kA
Response time, tA <25 ns
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Power requirements
Table 23. Nokia requirements for overvoltage protection (differential mode)
OVP Class II (C/T2) requirements for
differential mode
Voltage protection level, Up <1 kV
Nominal discharge current, In 20 kA
Max. discharge current, Imax 40 kA
Response time, tA <100 ns
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
6 Dimensions and weights
6.1 Module dimensions and weight
The table below presents the dimensions and weights of Nokia Flexi WCDMA
BTS modules.
Table 24. Dimensions and weights of Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS
Property System
Module FSM
Dual RF
Module
Single RF
Module
Power Module FPMA
Height 133 mm/3U
1 U = 44.46 mm
Width 447 mm (with casing)
Depth 422 mm (without covers)
560 mm (with covers)
Weight (max) max. 18 kg
(without
transmission
sub-module)
Transmission
sub-module:
max. 4 kg
23.2 kg 20.1 kg FPMA 11 kg (empty rack)
FPAA 3.2 kg
FPBA 3.8 kg
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Dimensions and weights
Figure 14. Module dimensions without covers
133 mm
(5.2 in.)
422 mm
(16.6 in.)
DN7038148
447 mm (17.6 in.)
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
Figure 15. Module dimensions with covers
6.2 FCIA dimensions and weight
See the following table for the dimensions and weight of the Flexi Cabinet for
Indoor (FCIA).
Table 25. Dimensions and weight of Flexi Cabinet for Indoor (FCIA).
Property Value
Height 1800 mm
(70.87 in.)
Width 600 mm
(23.62 in.)
Depth 600 mm
(23.62 in.)
DN7039353
133 mm
(5.2 in.)
490 mm (19.3 in.)
560 mm
(22.0 in.)
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Dimensions and weights
Table 25. Dimensions and weight of Flexi Cabinet for Indoor (FCIA). (cont.)
Property Value
Weight
(empty cabinet)
62 kg
(136 lbs.)
6.3 FCOA dimensions and weight
See the following table for the dimensions and weight of the Flexi Cabinet for
Outdoor (FCOA).
Table 26. Dimensions and weight of the Flexi Cabinet for Outdoor (FCOA)
Property Value
Height 1550 mm
(61 in.)
Width 770 mm
(30.3 in.)
Depth 770 mm
(30.3 in.)
Depth with air filter 930 mm
(36.6 in.)
Depth with air filter and wind breaker 1020 mm
(40.2 in.)
Weight
(empty cabinet)
Max. 80 kg
(177 lbs)
Weight
(with air filter)
104 kg
(230 lbs)
Weight
(with air filter and wind breaker)
110 kg
(243 lbs)
Total weight
(Fully equipped with batteries)
365 kg
(807 lbs)
Free space for modules 40 U
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Requirements for Installation and Operation
7 3rd party cabinet requirements
Basic requirements for a 3rd party cabinet
The basic requirements for a 3rd party cabinet are the following:
.
19-inch rack with site trays
.
Minimum depth 600 mm (23.6 in.)
.
Rear air intake
.
Front exhaust
.
Proper cable routing
.
DC power to the BTS
.
The operating temperature in the cabinet must be -33...+55C (-27F...
+131F)
Requirements for Flexi BTS module level cooling in a 3rd party cabinet
A Flexi BTS module shall be installed in the cabinet without the rear side and
front side plastic covers. The air volume flow requirement for one Flexi BTS
module is 140 m
3
/h. The pressure drop caused by the rear side wall and front door
(wall) for one module fan can at the maximum be 25 Pa (including the combined
pressure drop for both walls) with an air volume flow of 140 m
3
/h. Flexi BTS
modules cooling fans minimum distance to any obstacle in the rear side of the
cabinet is 40 mm (1.6 in.). The BTS power consumption must be taken into
consideration when planning site cooling.
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3rd party cabinet requirements
Figure 16. Module level cooling in a 3rd party cabinet
The entire cabinet volume flow is dependent on the number of modules used (for
example, if three modules are used, the entire cabinet volume flow is 420 m
3
/h
(3*140 m
3
/h) and the pressure drop caused by the front and rear door maximum
25 Pa). All modules must receive cool ambient air, and the circulation from the
front of the module to the rear side of the module must be prevented. There must
be a long enough distance to the wall (or any other obstacle) in the rear side of the
cabinet, so that the required airflow rate (140 m
3
/h) is reached in all modules
used.
It is recommended that the module cables be routed so that they do not prevent
the air outflow from the BTS.
Flexi BTS module
Air circulation from front side
to rear side must be prevented
Cabinet front
Free area for module cooling fan.
Minimum free distance to module
cooling fan 40 mm.
The recommended distance from the rear or front
side of the cabinet to any obstacle 100 mm.
DN70117692
Cabinet rear side
Air
intake
54 (54) # Nokia Corporation DN7037979
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Requirements for Installation and Operation