Pasiv U Engleskom Jeziku

Engleski pasiv definicija i upotreba

Pasiv u engleskom jeziku definiramo kao gramatiku strukturu koja stavlja naglasak na radnju. U
pasivu je vritelj radnje nevaan ili nepoznat. Takoer moe biti ope poznat i nije ga potrebno
navoditi. Ukratko, engleski pasiv prikazuje da se radnja izvrava na subjektu, te samo prijelazni
glagoli mogu imati pasivni oblik.

1. Iz sljedee reenice doznajemo da je nekomu ukraden auto prole noi, ali ne znamo tko je to
uinio. Dakle, pasiv u engleskom jeziku koristimo kada ne poznajemo initelja radnje.

His car was stolen last night.

2. Recimo da je rije o nebitnom initelju radnje, ve je bitna sama radnja. To je odlina prilika za
koritenje pasiva u engleskom jeziku.

The hotel room was cleaned.

3. Engleski pasiv koristimo kada je vrilac radnje zaista oigledan. Moe uzeti primjer sa policijom i
lopovom. Jasno je da je policija uhvatila lopova, te nema potrebe da se to naglaava.

The burgler was caugth.

4. Ovdje se vidi jo jedna korist upotrebe pasiva u engleskom jeziku. On se povremeno koristi kada
eli postii diplomatski ton. Tako reenica u pasivu zvui neutralnije.

A crime was commited.

5. Pomou engleskog pasiva moe navesti vritelja radnje. To se ini prijedlogom by.

A book was written by famous writer.
Engleski pasiv tvorba

Zanima te kako se tvori pasiv u engleskom jeziku? To je veoma jednostavno. Subjektu se dodaje
odreeni svreni oblik glagola biti, te particip prolog glavnog glagola. Pri tome koristi trei stupac
nepravilnih glagola engleskog jezika. Pokuaj ovo prepoznati u razliitim tekstovima.

Subjekt + svreni oblik glagola to be (ovisno o glagolskom vremenu) + Past Participle.
Kako napraviti pasiv u engleskom jeziku?

Recimo da aktivnu reenicu eli prebaciti u engleski pasiv. Tu je vano da zna to se dogaa sa
redoslijedom rijei u reenici. To u sada prikazati, te se nadam da e ti pomoi pri tvorbi pasiva.
Obrati pozornost na sljedee:

1. Objekt aktivne reenice postaje subjektom pasivne reenice:

- Aktiv Somebody stole my bike.
- Pasiv My bike was stolen.

2. Subjekt aktivne reenice postaje objekt u engleskom pasivu. Takoer moe biti izostavljen:

- Aktiv They will plant a tree.
- Pasiv A tree will be planted (by them.)
Pasiv u engleskom jeziku kroz glagolska vremena

Spomenuo sam da se svreni oblik glagola to be mijenja u skladu sa glagolskim vremenima. Zato
moemo rei da postoji vaan temelj upotrebe pasiva u engleskom jeziku. To je
poznavanje glagolskih vremena. Moe to sagledati i drugaije. Engleski pasiv pomoe da lake
uvidi razlike u razliitim glagolskim vremenima. Vidjet e da je sve prikazano veoma jednostavno.
Engleski pasiv u present simple tense

Pomoni glagol: am, is, are

Aktiv: He plays a piano. Does he play a piano? He doesn't play a piano.
Pasiv: A piano is played by him. Is a piano played by him? A piano is not played by him.
Engleski pasiv u present continuous tense

Pomoni glagol: am being, is being, are being

Aktiv: I am making a sandwich. Am I making a sandwich? I am not making a sandwich.
Pasiv: A sandwich is being made by me. Is a sandwich being made by me? A sandwich is not being
made by me.
Engleski pasiv u present perfect tense

Pomoni glagol: has been, have been

Aktiv: He has changed his life. Has he changed his life? He hasn't change his life.
Pasiv: His life has been changed by him. Has his life been changed by him? His life hasn't been
changed by him.
Engleski pasiv u past simple tense

Pomoni glagol: was, were

Aktiv: I bought a car. Did I buy a car? I didn't buy a car.
Pasiv: A car was bought by me. Was a car bought by me? A car wasn't bought by me.
Engleski pasiv u past continuous tense

Pomoni glagol: was being, were being

Aktiv: She was driving a bus. Was she driving a bus? She wasn't driving a bus.
Pasiv: A bus was being driven by her. Was a bus being driven by her? A bus wasn't being driven by
her.
Engleski pasiv u past perfect tense

Pomoni glagol: had been

Aktiv: We had finished the work. Had we finished the work? We had not finished the work.
Pasiv: The work had been finished by us. Had the work been finished by us? The work had not been
finished by us.
Engleski pasiv u future simple tense

Pomoni glagol: will be

Aktiv: He will eat a pizza. Will he eat a pizza? He will not eat a pizza.
Pasiv: A pizza will be eaten by him. Will a pizza be eaten by him? A pizza will not be eaten by him.
Engleski pasiv u future perfect tense

Pomoni glagol: will have been

Aktiv: I will have finished the cake. Will I have finished the cake? I will not have finished the cake.
Pasiv: The cake will have been finished by me. Will the cake have been finished by me? The cake will
not have been finished by me.
Kada se pasiv ne koristi?

Pasiv u engleskom jeziku ponekad ne moe koristiti. To se odnosi na odreena glagolska
vremena engleskog jezika, te situacije. U njih moemo ubrojiti:

1. Present Perfect Continuous Tense,
2. Past Perfect Continuous Tense,
3. Future Continuous Tense,
4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense,
5. Engleski pasiv se ne koristi u reenicama s neprijelaznim glagolima. Tu mislim na glagole
engleskog jezika koji se ne mogu nasloniti na objekt (npr. to laugh, to go, to sit).