, 8

, IV-5

, 2014. .

1. .........................................................................................................................................3
2. ......................................................................................................................4
2.1. ........................................................................................................................5
2.2. .................................................................................6
3. ........................................................................................7
3.1. DE ...............................................................................................7
3.2. ...........................................................................................8
3.3. Xfce ...............................................................................................8
3.4. LXDE ............................................................................................9
4. ..............................................................................................10
4.1. ....................................................10
4.2. ..............................10
5. ..................................................................................................................................12
5.1. ..........................................................................................................................12
6. ..............................................................................................................................13
7. ...........................................................................................................................14

1.
- /. ,
, ,
( 6 ) .
,
(Canonical).
(: ), .
- 13.10 (Saucy Salamander), 18.
2013. .
.
- , ,
, LXDE Xfce.
. ,


.
- 20. 2004. fork
( ) /
,
. , , ,
.
.deb
.

.
- . 8. 2005. ,
10
.
, 2006. .

.

 , IV-5

2.
- ,
. , -
(; . GNU GPL), -
(; . GNU LGPL),
, , , . ,
.
- , (. Ubiquity),
(. hard) CD- (. Live CD),
. 5.04, UTF-8
, (,
).
- , ,
, (. root)

.
- 6.06 ( CD),
.
Ubuntu Desktop ( ).
11.04, ,
(. Unity),
.
, .
- , LibreOffice,
Firefox, Thunderbird, Empaty, Transmission, .
,
volution, Gimp, Pigeon, .
.
, , .
Windows (. icrosoft Office),
Vine (. VirtualBox).

.1- 8

 , IV-5

2.1.
- , ,
, :

Ubuntu Desktop, (
, ).


. , 256MB
.
Ubuntu Server, .
.
Ubuntu Desktop ,
, Adobe Flash, Canonical
Landscape, OpenJDK i VMWare, .
Ubuntu TV, ,
, .
,
, iOS .
Ubuntu a Android,
. .

, 2012.
Ubuntu je ,
2013.
2013. 2014 .
.
.

- ( )
.
. :

Edubuntu, .
Kubuntu, .
Lubuntu, LXDE
Mitbuntu, MythTV Xfce-je.
Ubuntu Gnome, Gnom .
Ubuntu Studio, ,
.
Ksubuntu, Xfce, .

- Edubuntu, Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Mitbuntu, Ubuntu Studio, Ksubuntu

.

 , IV-5

2.2.
- , ,
:

. 2:

-
,
. firmware (BIOS-) .
- (),
() .

. ,
.
.

.
-updates ,
. -updates
(. quantal-updates).
, .
-proposed ,
. .
- -proposed
-updates.
. -proposed
.
- partner
. partner
.

. partner
.
Adobe Flash, dobe Reader, Oil Rush.

 , IV-5

3.
-
.
- ( , )
. (bash),
Windows X Server .
- Qt
Gtk .
, . ,
, .
3.1. DE
- KDE (. K Desktop Environment)
,
.
- 1996. . .

. Qt

Windows OS.
. 3: Konqi,

- 1997. . Qt

.
, Qt
.
- 1998. Qt QPL (Q Public
Licence). freedesktop.org
.
- 24. 2009.
:

.
.

.

,
.

,
.
7

 , IV-5

3.2.

- Gnome ,


. 1997. .
-
, ,

. .
.4: o

GNU Network Object Model

Enviroment.
- :

.
- :

.
,
.
.


.

.

.

3.3. Xfce
- Xfce
(, , )
1996.
,
. 4.6 2009.

,
.
. 5: Xfce

 , IV-5

- GTK+ 2 ( ). Xfwm .
,
. CDE-,
.

3.4. LXDE
- LXDE
.
.
- LXDE X11 (.
Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment).
- LXDE
,
, ,
, RAM .
. 6: LXDE

- LXDE 5.0
: 2.29, KDE 4.4 Xfce 4.6, ,
LXDE
, .
- LXDE Gtk .
, Windows XP-o.
.

 , IV-5

4.
- ,
. ( ) ,
.

.
-
. , ,

.
, .
,
- Live
USB .

4.1.
CD, DVD USB,
.
.

. 4,4GB
. ,

( DivX, MP3, Mpeg .).

-.

.

( ) .

.
.
4.2.
- CD, DVD USB,
.
.

10

 , IV-5

-
.
.
- , (Something else)
.
- ,
.
, /dev/sda. , :
/dev/sda, /dev/sdb, .
. ,
.
-
:
: .
MB: 15.000-20.000 .
: .
: Ext4 journaling file system.
: /
-
.
.
-
,
,
,
.

11

 , IV-5

5.
5.1.
- /
1993.
FreeBSD.
,
, .
- 11 .
AT,
.
. 7: ().
.
- ,
.
- ( 2013. ) 7.0,
Wheezy. , (stable)
(oldstable). :

7.0 Wheezy, 4. maja 2013.

6.0 Squeeze, 6. februara 2011.

5.0 Lenny, 14. februara 2009.
4.0 Etch, 8. aprila 2007.
3.1 Sarge, 6. juna 2005.
3.0 Woody, 19. jula 2002.
2.2 Potato, 15. avgusta 2000.
2.1 Slink, 9. marta 1999.
2.0 Hamm, 24. jula 1998.
1.3 Bo, 2. juna 1997.
1.2 Rex, 12. decembra 1996.
1.1 Buzz, 17. juna 1996.

- Wheezy 7.0
,
: Internal server, Intranet server, E-mail server, System monitoring,
Security...

12

 , IV-5

6.
-
, , ,
.
- ,
,
,
. ,
-
,
Firewall.
-
.
(Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera...) ,
penOffice ( LibreOffice).
( )
.
- ,
.
,
.

13

 , IV-5

7.
1. (2006), - : Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13243594-2.
2. (2006). : : APress. ISBN 1-59059-627-7
3. (2006). : OReilly Media. ISBN 0-596-52720-9
4. http://ubuntu.com/
5. http://ubuntu-rs.org/
6. http://wikipedia.org/
7. http://kde.org/
8. http://lxde.org/
9. Linux Magazine, Christopher Smart (9.9.2009.) http://linux-mag.com/
10. http://xfce.org/
11. http://gnome.org/
12. Gnome Online Journal http://gnomejournal.org/
13. , . (2005), . U.S.A.: No Strach Press. P. 608. ISBN 159327-069-0
14. http:///debian.org/
15. http://wiki.debian.org/DebianHosting

14

 , IV-5

:______________

:
_______________

_______________

_______________

: _____________

__________ (___)

15