Muscular System Quiz

• Types of muscles and characteristics

○ Cardiac
 Tissue of the heart
 Involuntarily controlled
 Striated
 Has a single nucleus in each cell
 Found in the walls of the heart
 Contains branching cylindrical cells
 Has intercalated discs
 Changes the internal volume of the heart as it contracts
○ Skeletal
 Found attached to bones
 Voluntarily controlled
 Striated
 Has several nuclei per cell
 Contains long, non-branching cylindrical cells
 Concerned with locomotion of the body as a whole
○ Smooth
 Found in the walls of the stomach, uterus, and arteries
 Involuntarily controlled
 Has a single nucleus in each cell
 Contains spindle-shaped cells
 Changes internal volume of an organ as it contracts
• Anatomy of a microscopic muscle cell (p. 91)
○ Perimysium
 Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle, or bundle, of muscle fibers
○ Epimysium
 Connective tissue that covers the entire muscle cell
○ Endomysium
 Thin connective muscle that surrounds a single muscle fiber
○ Fascicle
 Bundle of muscle cells
○ Fiber
 Muscle cell
○ Myofilament
 Actin or myosin-containing structure
○ Myofibril
 A long filamentous organelle found within muscle cells that has a banded
appearance
○ Sarcolemma
 Plasma membrane of the muscle
○ Sacromere
 Contractile unit of muscle
○ Tendon
 Cordlike extension of connective tissue beyond the muscle, serving to attach
it to the bone
• Anterior muscles
 ume of an organ as it
contractscle, serving to attatch it to the boneappearance
• Posterior muscles
• What is the major function of a muscle
○ To provide movement for the body
 It contracts and shortens
• Heat
• Movement
• Posture