Huongdansudunglatex Talk PDF

HNG DN S DNG L
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X
o Ngc Minh
Khoa Ton - Tin, HSP H Ni
Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008
o Ngc Minh (HSP H Ni) Hng dn s dng L
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 1 / 18
Mc Lc
1
Gii thiu
2
Son tho vn bn L
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X
Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Mi trng
Tiu chy v mc lc
Trch dn ti liu tham kho
3
Son tho cc cng thc ton hc
Mi trng ton v cc cu trc c s
Mi trng nh l
Mi trng chng minh
Tn hm
Ging cng thc ton
4
a hnh vo ti liu
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 2 / 18
Gii thiu
Gii thiu
Hi ton hc Hoa K pht trin T
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X thnh /
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X, do Michael
Spivak xy dng, thc cht l mt h cc macro vit b sung cho T
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X
nhm s dng T
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X d dng hn.
LaTeX l mt gi cc tp lnh dng cng c nh dng ca TeX lm ht
nhn c bn phc v cho vic nh dng ti liu. N c s dng rng
ri trong cc trng i hc v cc nh xut bn bi nhng u im sau:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 3 / 18
Gii thiu
Gii thiu
Hi ton hc Hoa K pht trin T
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X thnh /
/
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X, do Michael
Spivak xy dng, thc cht l mt h cc macro vit b sung cho T
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X
nhm s dng T
E
X d dng hn.
LaTeX l mt gi cc tp lnh dng cng c nh dng ca TeX lm ht
nhn c bn phc v cho vic nh dng ti liu. N c s dng rng
ri trong cc trng i hc v cc nh xut bn bi nhng u im sau:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 3 / 18
Gii thiu
u im
1
L
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X h tr ti a vic son tho cc cng thc ton hc v khoa
hc k thut.
2
Cc chng, mc, nh ngha, nh l, biu thc, bng, hnh nh,. . .
c nh s t ng v tham chiu d dng.
3
C cc gi lnh h tr cho vic trnh chiu v trn trc nghim.
4
Tp ngun c bin dch to ra cc tp khc nhau nh .dvi
(Device Independent), .pdf (Adobe Portable Document Format) hay
.ps (PostScript).
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X l cng c min ph v c th chy trn hu ht cc h thng
phn cng v h iu hnh khc nhau.
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 4 / 18
Gii thiu
Cc chng trnh son tho v bin dch
C nhiu chng trnh son tho v bin dch T
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X, trong PCTeX l
mt phn mm tch hp c chng trnh bin dch T
E
X, L
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X, /
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v h son tho theo cc phng TrueType.
MiKTeX l chng trnh bin dch T
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X v L
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X m ngun m gm nhiu
gi lnh v macro cho php bin dch tp ngun ra cc nh dng DVI, PS
v PDF mt cch d dng.
MiKTeX cn i km vi mt trong cc h son tho nh WinShell,
WinEdt, EmEditor, TeXnicCenter, TeXMaker, LaTeXEditor, TeXShell,
VieTeX,. . .
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 5 / 18
Gii thiu
E
X, trong PCTeX l
E
X, L
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X, /
/
oT
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X
E
X v L
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X m ngun m gm nhiu
v PDF mt cch d dng.
VieTeX,. . .
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 5 / 18
Gii thiu
E
X, trong PCTeX l
E
X, L
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X, /
/
oT
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X
E
X v L
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X m ngun m gm nhiu
v PDF mt cch d dng.
VieTeX,. . .
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 5 / 18
Gii thiu
V d
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} % Khai bo lp vn bn
% Trn mi dng, ni dung sau k hiu "%" khng c bin dch
\usepackage[utf8]{vietnam} % Gi lnh phng ting Vit
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm,amssymb}% Cc gi lnh v mi trng v k hiu
\usepackage[top=2cm, bottom=2cm, left=2.5cm, right=2cm]{geometry}% Cn l
\begin{document} % Bt u thn vn bn
\pagestyle{empty} % Kiu trang
\noindent % Khng tht u dng
Ni dung vn bn.
\end{document} % Kt thc vn bn
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 6 / 18
Gii thiu
V d
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} % Khai bo lp vn bn
% Trn mi dng, ni dung sau k hiu "%" khng c bin dch
\usepackage[utf8]{vietnam} % Gi lnh phng ting Vit
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm,amssymb}% Cc gi lnh v mi trng v k hiu
\usepackage[top=2cm, bottom=2cm, left=2.5cm, right=2cm]{geometry}% Cn l
\begin{document} % Bt u thn vn bn
\pagestyle{empty} % Kiu trang
\noindent % Khng tht u dng
Ni dung vn bn.
\end{document} % Kt thc vn bn
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 6 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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Cc lp ti liu
\documentclass[ty chn]{lpvnbn}
1
C cc lp: article, book, report, beamer,. . .
2
C cc ty chn: 11pt (c font, mc nh 10pt), twoside ( hoc
oneside), landscape, leqno, . . .
3
V d nh:
\documentclass[12pt, onside]{book}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 7 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc lp ti liu
1
2
3
V d nh:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 7 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc lp ti liu
1
2
3
V d nh:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 7 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc lp ti liu
1
2
3
V d nh:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 7 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc lp ti liu
1
2
3
V d nh:
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 7 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
\usepackage[ty chn]{tn gi}
1
Gi ting Vit vietnam vi ty chn utf8 hoc tcvn
2
Cc gi k hiu ton hc amsmath, amssymb, . . .
3
Gi cn l geometry vi ty chn top=3cm, bottom=?, left=?,
right=?
4
Gi to lin kt hyperref vi ty chn unicode
5
Gi a hnh vo graphicx v picinpar
6
Gi to mi trng lit k enumerate
7
Gi to header fancyhdr, to bng longtable. . .
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
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7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Cc gi
1
2
3
right=?
4
5
6
7
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 8 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit v du ngoc
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
Trong cc k t # $ % & _ { } phi nh bng cc
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
Cn cc k t \ ^ ~ phi nh bng cc lnh \char92 \char94
\char126
Du ngoc
1
Vi ngoc [ v ) c nh thng thng, iu chnh c ca ngoc
bng cc lnh \big, \bigg, \Big,. . .
2
Mun t ng iu chnh chiu cao ca cc ngoc theo chiu cao
cng thc ta dng lnh \left[ v \right] (chng hn l dng
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
K hiu c bit
1
Cc k hiu c bit l: # $ % & _ { } \ ^ ~
2
lnh \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \}
3
\char126
Du ngoc
1
2
ngoc vung).
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 9 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang, Khong trng
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
Cc lnh xung dng: \\, \par, \newline. Mun xung dng v to
thnh on mi th g Enter v trng mt dng.
2
Xung dng v mun tht u dng dng \indent v ngc li
dng lnh \noindent
3
Sang trang mi dng lnh \newpage
Khong trng
1
Khong trng n gin: \, hoc \. hoc \quad hoc \qquad,. . .
2
Khong trng ngang \hspace{2cm} hoc \phantom{123456} cch
mt khong ng bng rng ca ch trong {}
3
Khong trng dc \vspace{2cm}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Xung dng, ngt trang
1
2
dng lnh \noindent
3
Khong trng
1
2
3
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 10 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
Thay i kiu ch v c ch
1
Ch m {\bf vn bn} vn bn, ch in nghing {\it vn bn}
vn bn
2
Thay i c ch ton vn bn. Np thm gi extsizes v thay ty
chn c font trn bng c fonts mi.
3
Thay i c ch cc b
Ngoi vic dng cc lnh \large,\small,\tiny,\scriptsize,. . .
bn c th dng lnh sau
{\fontsize{17pt}{12pt}\selectfont y l font ch 17}
y l font ch 17
4
Cch s dng font cc b {\usefont{T5}{put}{b}{n} Vn bn}
Vn bn
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Cu trc tp ngun L
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X
1
vn bn
2
3
Thay i c ch cc b
bn c th dng lnh sau
y l font ch 17
4
Vn bn
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 11 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Cn chnh on vn
CCH DNG MI TRNG
\begin{tn mi trng}[ty chn nu c]
Ni dung
\end{tn mi trng}
1
Dng mi trng center cn gia, mi trng flushleft cn tri,
mi trng flushright cn phi
2
Cc mi trng lit k l itemize, enumerate, description.
\item Ni dung th nht
\item Ni dung th hai
\end{tn mi trng}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 12 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Cn chnh on vn
CCH DNG MI TRNG
Ni dung
\end{tn mi trng}
1
2
\end{tn mi trng}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 12 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Cn chnh on vn
CCH DNG MI TRNG
Ni dung
\end{tn mi trng}
1
2
\end{tn mi trng}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 12 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Cn chnh on vn
CCH DNG MI TRNG
Ni dung
\end{tn mi trng}
1
2
\end{tn mi trng}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 12 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Cn chnh on vn
CCH DNG MI TRNG
Ni dung
\end{tn mi trng}
1
2
\end{tn mi trng}
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 12 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
Gi enumerate v mi trng enumerate
Mi trng enumerate nu dng thm gi enumerate c ty chn l cch
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . .
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}[a)]
\item Gii PT vi $m=3$.
\item Tm $m$ PT c nghim.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
a) Gii PT vi m = 3.
b) Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}[\ding{51}]
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 13 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . .
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
a) Gii PT vi m = 3.
b) Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 13 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . .
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
a) Gii PT vi m = 3.
b) Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 13 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . .
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
a) Gii PT vi m = 3.
b) Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 13 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
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X Mi trng
Cc v d khc v mi trng lit k
Nu khng khai bo gi enumerate th s khng dng c ty chn cch
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . . Khi L
A
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X s nh s cc kt qu lit k t
ng.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
1
Gii PT vi m = 3.
2
Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{itemize}
\end{itemize}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 14 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
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E
X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . . Khi L
A
T
E
ng.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
1
Gii PT vi m = 3.
2
Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{itemize}
\end{itemize}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 14 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . . Khi L
A
T
E
ng.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
1
Gii PT vi m = 3.
2
Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{itemize}
\end{itemize}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 14 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
nh s [1.] hoc [a,]. . . . Khi L
A
T
E
ng.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
1
Gii PT vi m = 3.
2
Tm m PT c nghim.
Cho PT $x^2-2(m-1)x+1=0$.
\begin{itemize}
\end{itemize}
Cho PT x
2
2(m 1)x +1 = 0.
Gii PT vi m = 3.
Tm m PT c nghim.
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 14 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
Tabbing
Mi trng tabbing to ra bng m mi ct c cn tri. rng ca
mi ct c xc nh dng u tin. Chng hn, nu t
\=\bf Mi trng\hspace{1cm} th rng ca ct ny bng chiu
rng ca cm t Mi trng cng vi 1 cm nh trong v d sau:
\begin{tabbing}
\bf STT\quad \=\bf Mi trng\hspace{1cm} \=\bf Thuc tnh\\
1\> tabbing\> Cn tri tt c cc ct\\
2\> tabular\> Cn ty cho tng ct
\end{tabbing}
STT Mi trng Thuc tnh
1 tabbing Cn tri tt c cc ct
2 tabular Cn ty cho tng ct
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
Nu mun dng u tin ch dng cho vic cn khong cch cc ct m
khng hin ra, ta t lnh \=\kill cui dng.
\begin{tabbing}
dd/mm\qquad \=Ivents \=\kill
01/01\> My birthday\\
\> New year\\
14/02\> Valentines Day
\end{tabbing}
01/01 My birthday
New year
14/02 Valentines Day
Mi trng tabular c nhp theo mu nh sau:
\begin{tabular}[pos]{cols}
\hline % ng k (c th c hoc khng)
dng 1 (cc ct c ngn bi du &)\\ \hline
...
\end{tabular}
Cc i s bt buc v ty chn bao gm
A
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X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
\begin{tabular}{|l||p{5.9cm}|}
\hline
pos & Cn v tr ca bng theo chiu dc
i vi dng ngoi bng. Mc nh l gia bng,
{\tt t} l dng u v {\tt b} l dng cui.\\
\hline
cols & nh dng tng ct theo cc k hiu:\\
&\begin{tabular}{r p{3.4cm}}
l & Cn tri.\\
r & Cn phi.\\
c & Cn gia.\\
p\{width\} & Ct c chiu rng {\tt width}
v vn bn c cn trn.\\
@\{text\} & Chn thm {\tt text} vo mi
trong ct. C th chn khong trng bng lnh
\verb+@\hpace{width}+ vi {\tt width} l di.\\
*\{n\}\{cols\} & nh dng lp li cho {\tt n} ct.
V d, *\{3\}\{l\} = l l l
\end{tabular}\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
pos Cn v tr ca bng theo chiu dc i vi
dng ngoi bng. Mc nh l gia bng, t
l dng u v b l dng cui.
cols nh dng tng ct theo cc k hiu:
l Cn tri.
r Cn phi.
c Cn gia.
p{width} Ct c chiu rng width
v vn bn c cn trn.
@{text} Chn thm text vo mi
trong ct. C th chn
khong trng bng lnh
@\hpace{width} vi
width l di.
*{n}{cols} nh dng lp li cho n
ct. V d, *{3}{l} = l l
l
Mun nh trc rng ca bng ta dng mt mi trng tabular*
tng t nh tabular nhng c thm mt i s trc i s nh dng
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
tng ct. Nu khai bo thm gi lnh array th c th dng cc i s
m{width} hoc b{width} cho ct c chiu rng width v vn bn c
cn gia hoc di.
Cc lnh tc ng ln dng ca bng l
& Du ngn cch cc ct.
\\ Kt thc dng.
\hline ng k ngang.
\cline{i-j} K ng ngang t ct i ti ct j, c t sau \\.
\vline ng k dc "" trn mt dng ca ct.
\multicolumn{n}{cols}{text} Kt hp n ct trong dng v in vo text c cn bi
cols l l, r hay c.
Ta cng c th gn nhn cho mi bng nh trong v d sau:
\begin{table}[htbp] % th t u tin: here, top, bottom, separate page
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|r@{-}r@{-}r|l|}
\hline
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{Color} &\multicolumn{4}{c|}{Codes}\\ \cline{2-5}
&\multicolumn{3}{c|}{RGB} &\multicolumn{1}{c|}{Hex} \\ \hline
A
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E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Mi trng
Sky Blue &135 &206 &235 &87CEEB \\ \hline
Dark Violet &148 &0 &211 &9400D3 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Mt v d tng hp.}
\end{table}
Color Codes
RGB Hex
Sky Blue 135-206-235 87CEEB
Dark Violet 148- 0-211 9400D3
Bng: Mt v d tng hp.
Nu khai bo thm gi lnh multirow th c th kt hp cc dng trong
ct nh lnh \multirow{n}{width}{text}. Hy xem v d sau
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Tiu chy v mc lc
\begin{tabular}{| l | l |}
\hline
Planet &Features\\ \hline
\multirow{3}{*}{Mercury} &Lunar like crust\\
&Crustal faulting\\
&Small magnetic fiels\\ \hline
\multirow{3}{*}{Earth} &Oceans of water\\
&Magnetic field\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
Planet Features
Mercury
Lunar like crust
Crustal faulting
Small magnetic fiels
Earth
Oceans of water
Magnetic field
To tiu chy vi gi fancyhdr nh sau:
- Khai bo gi fancyhdr: \usepackage{fancyhdr}.
- Chn kiu trang (thng sau \begin{document}):
\pagestyle{fancy}.
- Tiu chy trn v di c to bi cc lnh
\fancyhead[options]{headers name} hoc
\fancyfoot[options]{footers name} vi cc ty chn l l, r, c (tri,
phi, gia) v tiu chy c th trng (\empty) hoc s trang
(\thepage), . . .
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho vn bn L
A
T
E
X Tiu chy v mc lc
- Dng k ca tiu chy c th nh ngha li bng nhng lnh nh
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} hoc
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}.
L
A
T
E
X h tr vic chia vn bn thnh cc chng, mc, mc nh,. . . v t
ng nh s chng theo cc lnh nh sau:
\part{partname} % Phn
\chapter{chaptername} % Chng
\section{secname} % on
\subsection{subsecname} % on con
\subsubsection{subsubsecname} % on nh
\paragraph{parname} % Phn on
\subparagraph{secname} % Phn on con
Bng mc lc c to ra bng cch trch ly phn ta ca cc mc v
v tr trang ca chng thng qua lnh \tableofcontents. V tr t lnh
ny ph thuc vo v tr t mc lc trong ti liu cn son tho. Ni
chung, nhng lnh to ra chng, mc, . . . thng mt trong ba dng:
- \section{name}: name l tn mc, c t trn tiu chy v
a vo bng mc lc (nu s dng cc cu trc ny).
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho cc cng thc ton hc Mi trng ton v cc cu trc c s
- \section[shortname]{name}: name l tn mc nhng shortname
c t trn tiu chy v a vo bng mc lc.
- \section*{name}: Khng nh s trc tiu v name khng c
t trn tiu chy, cng khng c a vo bng mc lc.
C th thm mt mc no vo mc lc bng nhng lnh nh
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{{\bf M u }}. Lnh ny s
thm mc M u vo trong mc lc v t cng cp vi section. L
A
T
E
X
cung cp mt mi trng nh dng th hin cc ti liu tham kho nh
sau:
\begin{thebibliography}{<nhn mu>}
\bibitem{<nhn>} ...
...
\end{thebibliography}
di cc k t trong <nhn mu> c ly lm khong tht u dng
sau dng th nht ca mi \bibitem. Sau mi\bibitem{<nhn>} l tn
tc gi, tn sch, bi bo, nh xut bn, nm xut bn, . . . Mt ti liu
c tham chiu thng qua lnh \cite{<nhn>}. L
A
T
E
X cung cp hai
dng mi trng ton son tho cc k hiu v cng thc ton hc:
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Mi trng ton trn cng dng ang son tho: Ni dung c
nhp vo gia du $ v $, hoc $ v $, hoc \begin{math} v
\end{math}.
Mi trng ton trn mt dng ring: Ni dung c nhp vo gia
du \[ v \], hoc $$ v $$, hoc \begin{displaymath} v
\end{displaymath}.
Kch c cho cc k t trong mi trng ton c iu khin nh cc lnh:
\displaystyle C cho cng thc ring dng.
\textstyle C cho cng thc cng dng.
\scriptstyle C cho ch s trn v di ln u.
\scriptscriptstyle C cho ch s trn v di ln hai.
Sau y l mt s k hiu v ton t c bn:
a/b a/b a
m
n
a_{n}^{m}

A \hat{A}

ABC \widehat{ABC}
a
b
\frac{a}{b}

a \sqrt{a}

A \tilde{A}

ABC \widetilde{ABC}
a
n
a^{n}
n
a \sqrt[n]{a} a \bar{a} AB \overline{AB}

a
n
a_{n} f
(x) f(x) a \vec{a}

AB \overrightarrow{AB}
A
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E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
\forall \exists \infty \emptyset
\angle \triangle \nabla \partial
Trong gi amssymb c thm k hiu tp rng l ($\varnothing$). Gi
amsmath cung cp thm phng n th hin phn s bng
\tfrac{numerator}{denominator} v
\dfrac{numerator}{denominator}. Ch rng nu i s ch c mt
k t th ta c th b cc du { v }. Chng hn,
$a_0 +\frac{1}{a_1 +\frac{1}{a_2 +
\frac{1}{a_3}}}, \quad
a_0 +\dfrac{1}{a_1 +\dfrac{1}{a_2 +
\dfrac{1}{a_3}}}$
a
0
+
1
a
1
+
1
a
2
+
1
a
3
, a
0
+
1
a
1
+
1
a
2
+
1
a
3
Cc ton t nh phn c th hin trong bng sau:
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
\pm \cdot \ast \cup
\mp \circ \star \cap
\times \bullet / / \vee
\div \diamond \setminus \wedge
Cc ton t quan h:
\le, \leq \ge, \geq
.
= \doteq ,= \ne, \not=
\ll \gg \equiv \sim
\in \ni [ \mid \simeq
\subset \supset | \parallel \approx
\subseteq \supseteq \perp

= \cong
Mun th hin khng c mi quan h, ta dng lnh \not trc k hiu
thm du / ln n nh $\not\in, \not\subset$ cho ta ,, ,. Nhng
ch \not\in v \notin cho kt qu khc nhau. c cc k hiu ph
nh p ta nn dng gi lnh amssymb.
Nhng ton t sau y c kch c khc nhau ty thuc vo chng trong
mi trng ton cng dng hay ring dng:
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18

\sum

_
\bigcup
_

\bigvee

\bigoplus

\prod

\bigcap
_

\bigwedge

\bigotimes

\coprod

_
\bigsqcup

_
\bigodot
_
_
\int
_
_
\oint

\biguplus
Cc du mi tn:
\leftarrow, \gets \longleftarrow \leftrightarrow \longleftrightarrow
\Leftarrow = \Longleftarrow \Leftrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow
\rightarrow, \to \longrightarrow \mapsto \longmapsto
\Rightarrow = \Longrightarrow \hookleftarrow \hookrightarrow
Bng ch ci Hy Lp:
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
\alpha \beta \gamma \delta
\epsilon \varepsilon \zeta \eta
\theta \vartheta \iota \kappa
\lambda \mu \nu \xi
\pi \varpi \rho \varrho
\sigma \varsigma \tau \upsilon
\phi \varphi \chi \psi
\omega \Gamma \Delta \Theta
\Lambda \Xi \Pi \Sigma
\Upsilon \Phi \Psi \Omega
Trong mi trng ton, nhng k t trng b b qua cn nhng dng
trng th khng c chp nhn. L
A
T
E
X t thm vo cc khng trng xung
quanh cc ton t nh +, , =, . . . Vn bn t trong mi trng ton
u thnh ch in nghing v khng c khong trng gia cc t. Mun
nhng mi trng vn bn vo mi trng ton ta dng
\mbox{<vn bn>} hoc vi lnh \text{<vn bn>} ca gi amsmath,
vn bn a vo co dn mt cch thch hp.
Du ba chm trong mi trng ton c th c nhp trc tip t bn
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho cc cng thc ton hc Mi trng nh l
phm hoc p hn ta dng \ldots hoc \dots cho du ba chm
chn dng (. . . ) v \cdots cho du ba chm gia dng ( ). Cc du
ba chm dc (
.
.
.) v cho (
.
.
.
) th c cho bi \vdots v \ddots. Hy
xem v d sau:
Ta c $(1+x)^n = C^0_n+C^1_nx+
\cdots+C^n_nx^n
= \sum_{k=0}^n C^k_n x^k$ nn
$$\int_1^2(1+x)^n dx =
\int_1^2(\sum_{k=0}^n C^k_n x^k)dx.$$
Do $\dfrac{3^{n+1}-2^{n+1}}{n+1}
=\sum\limits_{k=0}^n
\dfrac{2^{k+1}-1}{k+1}C^k_n$.
Ta c (1+x)
n
= C
0
n
+C
1
n
x + +
C
n
n
x
n
=
n
k=0
C
k
n
x
k
nn
_
2
1
(1+x)
n
dx =
_
2
1
(
n
k=0
C
k
n
x
k
)dx.
Do
3
n+1
2
n+1
n +1
=
n
k=0
2
k+1
1
k +1
C
k
n
.
Trong L
A
T
E
X c mt mi trng dnh cho vic son tho v nh s cc
nh ngha, b , mnh , nh l,. . . nhn c mi trng ny ta
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho cc cng thc ton hc Mi trng chng minh
khai bo bng lnh
\newtheorem{envname}[procCounter]{name}[secCounter]
y hai thng s tu chn loi tr nhau v
envname l tn mi trng dng trong thn vn bn, c th chn tu
nhng nn trnh tn mi trng v tn lnh c.
procCounter l tn mi trng m ta mun nh s lin tip mi
trng v mi trng mi ny.
name l tn c gi v in ra cng vi s m nh nh ngha 1,
nh l 2.
secCounter l thng s la chn nh s cnh name theo s m
chng mc tng ng. Chng hn, nu name l nh l v
secCounter l section th trong mc 1 s c nh l 1.1, nh l 1.2,
... nh s ny c th trong subsection, sections hoc chapters.
Sau khi mi trng nh l c khai bo th thn vn bn ta dng
n nh mt mi trng bnh thng v vic nh s c thc hin t
ng. Nu mun mi trng no nh s bt u t n ta dng lnh
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
Son tho cc cng thc ton hc Ging cng thc ton
\setcounter{envname}{n-1}. Trong gi amsthm c nh ngha mi
trng chng minh. Mi trng ny bt u bng nhn proof v kt thc
l k hiu (\qedsymbol). Ta c th thay i nh sau:
\begin{proof}[Hng dn]
Thay k hiu kt thc bng hnh vung en.
\renewcommand{\qedsymbol}{$\blacksquare$}
\end{proof}
Hng dn.
Thay k hiu kt thc bng
hnh vung en.
Nhng k t trong mi trng ton l nhng ch nghing. in ra nhng
tn hm ton hc khng nghing, L
A
T
E
X cung cp nhng tn hm thng
dng nh sin, cos, tan, cot, ln, log, lg, deg, dim, det, max, min, sup, inf, . . .
to ra mt tn hm mi, trong amsmath s dng lnh
\DeclareMathOperator{\command}{name}
vi \command l lnh gi hm v name l tn hm cn in ra. Lu rng
khng c hm tg v cotg ca Vit Nam nn mun dng ta phi nh ngha
\DeclareMathOperator {\tg}{tg} phn khai bo. Khi $\tg x$
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
s cho ra tg x.
Mi trng array cho ta xp dng v ct cc cng thc ton. Mi trng
ny c cu trc hon ton tng t nh mi trng tabular.
$$\mathbf{X}=\left( \begin{array}{ccc}
x_{11} & x_{12} & \ldots \\
x_{21} & x_{22} & \ldots \\
\vdots & \vdots & \ddots
\end{array} \right)$$
X =
_
_
_
x
11
x
12
. . .
x
21
x
22
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
_
_
_
$$\left[\begin{array}{l}
x=1,\\x=2.
\end{array}\right.$$
_
x = 1,
x = 2.
Mi trng eqarray tng t nh array nhng c nh s cng thc. Nu
khng mun nh s ta thm du * vo mi trng nh eqarray*.
Mi trng multline v multline* dng ngt nhng cng thc qu di
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
thnh mt s dng: dng u tin y v pha tri, dng cui cng y v
pha phi v nhng dng gia c quy tm.
\begin{multline*}
\lim\limits_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{x+\sin x}{x-\sin x}\\
=\lim\limits_{x\to \infty}\dfrac{1+\frac{\sin x}x}
{1-\frac{\sin x}x} =1.
\end{multline*}
lim
x
x +sin x
x sin x
= lim
x
1 +
sin x
x
1
sin x
x
= 1.
Mi trng align v align* dng ging cng thc nhiu dng theo ct.
\begin{align}
(1)&\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt a +\sqrt b)^2\le 2(a+b)\notag\\
&\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{ab}\le a+b.\tag{2}
\end{align}
(1) (
a +
b)
2
2(a +b)
2
ab a +b.
(2)
Cn c nhiu mi trng ging cng thc khc nh matrix, pmatrix,
bmatrix, vmatrix, Vmatrix, gather, gathered, aligned, flalign, alignat,
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 15 / 18
a hnh vo ti liu
split,. . . V d sau a ra cch son tho h cha php hi v php tuyn.
$$\begin{cases}
1. & \text{Em},\\
2. & \left[\begin{matrix}\text{Anh},\\
\text{Hn ta}.\end{matrix}\right.
\end{cases}$$
_
_
1. Em,
2.
_
Anh,
Hn ta.
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 16 / 18
a hnh vo ti liu
Cu trc
a hnh t mt tp no vo ti liu ang son tho ta s dng gi
graphicx vi lnh \includegraphics[options]{filename}. Cc ty
chn l
bb=a b c d ch a ra mt phn ca hnh nh vi (a, b) l ta gc
di tri v (c, d) l ta gc trn phi. Tham s ny phi
i lin vi tham s clip=true hin phn hnh nh .
width=s, height=s, totalheight=s a ra rng, chiu cao hoc tng
rng v chiu cao ca nh.
scale=s l phng ca hnh
keepaspectratio=true gi hnh cn i khi ta chn c chiu di v chiu
rng.
angle=s o l gc quay.
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 16 / 18
a hnh vo ti liu
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{hinh1.png}
\hspace{2cm}
\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{hinh2.png}
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 17 / 18
a hnh vo ti liu
Ti liu tham kho
Frank Mittelbach and Michel Goossens, The L
A
T
E
X Companion
(Second Edition), Addison-Wesley, 2004.
Michael Doob, A Gentle Introduction to T
E
X, A Manual for Self-study,
2002.
Nguyn Hu in, L
A
T
E
X vi gi lnh v phn mm cng c, NXB i
hc Quc gia H Ni, 2004.
Tobias Oetiker - Hubert Partl - Irene Hyna - Elisabeth Schlegl, The
Not So Short Introduction to L
A
T
E
X2
-
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/lshort.pdf (bn
dch ting Vit ca Nguyn Tn Khoa -
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/vntex/lshort-vn.pdf?download).
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 17 / 18
a hnh vo ti liu
Xin trn trng cm n!
A
T
E
X Ngy 17 thng 11 nm 2008 18 / 18

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HNG DN S DNG L

a \sqrt[n]{a} a \bar{a} AB \overline{AB}

(x) f(x) a \vec{a}

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