Example 1:- X: 2, 5,6,8,9,10,12,13, 10, 7, 5, and 3; the calculated Mean is 7.5, and n =12.

X
2
5
6
8
9
10
12
13
10
7
5
3
90

Xi

(Xi )2

2-7.5
5-7.5
6-7.5
8-7.5
9-7.5
10-7.5
12-7.5
13-7.5
10-7.5
7-7.5
5-7.5
3-7.5
0

30.25
6.25
2.25
0.25
2.25
6.25
20.25
30.25
6.25
0.25
6.25
20.25
131

Thus the Sample Variance is equal to 131 (12-1) = 11.909 and s = 11.909 =3.451.
For grouped data we use this formula:
s2 = n fi(Xi )2/(n-1)
i=1
Example 2:
X
Freq(f)
5
2
7
4
8
7
10
5
12
2
Total
20
= 168 20=8.4

X*f X- (X- )2
f(X- )2
10
-3.4 11.56
23.12
28
-1.4
1.96
7.84
56
-0.4
0.16
1.12
50
1.6
2.56
12.80
24
3.6
12.96
25.92
168
--70.8
2
s = 70.8 (20-1) = 3.726 and s = 3.726 = 1.93.

If you have grouped data with classes, then first find the class midpoints and then the Mean and
then the variance by treating the class midpoints like the X column above, and use the formula
given above. This is done for Example 3 below.
Class Class Midpt (Mi)
3-7
5
7-11
9
11-15
13
15-19
17

Freq
3
10
12
5

Mi*Freq
15
90
156
85

Total

30

346

N/A

= 346 30 = 11.53

Mi -

(Mi - )2

fi(Mi - )2

-6.53
-2.53
1.47
5.47

42.64
6.40
2.16
29.92

127.92
64.0
25.92
149.6

367.44

s2 = 367.44 (30-1) = 12.67 and s = 12.67 = 3.56