Sisteme de Radionavigatie Aeriana

Octavian Thor Pleter, PhD, PhD, MBA (MBS)

This presentation draws on ideas from Dr. Pleters articles, books, and unpublished manuscripts. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means or in any form - electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise - without written consent from Octavian Thor Pleter or the
Brainbond consultancy firm, www.brainbond.ro Version 2.0 dated 10 January 20014 O. T. Pleter and Brainbond

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Course Outlines
1. Introducere. Radare, Radionavigatie. Radiolocatie.
2. Radiocompasul automat (ADF) Radiofarul nedirectional (NDB).
Schema bloc a ADF cu superheterodina. Markere (MKR), Radiodroma.
3. Radiofarul Omnidirectional VOR. Relevmente, LOP.
4. Indicatorul Radio-Magnetic (RMI). Indicatorul Abaterii de la Curs (CDI).
5. Echipamentul de masurare a distantei (DME) schema bloc, transpond.
6. Area Navigation (RNAV). Pozitionarea Ro-Teta, Teta-Teta si Ro-Ro.
7. Sistemul de aterizare instrumentala (ILS) - schema bloc.
8. Sistemul de navigatie globala prin satelit (GNSS). Sistemul de
pozitionare globala (GPS).
9. Erorile GPS. GPS Diferential. Sistemul de augmentare pe mare
acoperire (WAAS).
10.Radio Altimetrul (RALT). Radarul meteorologic (WXR).
11. Radarul Primar de Supraveghere (PSR). Radarul Secundar de
Supraveghere (SSR). Transponder de bord XPDR Mode A/C. Mode S.
Supraveghere dependenta automata / radiodifuziva ADS/B.
12. Sistemul anticoliziune ACAS/TCAS.
13. Navigatie hiperbolica, LORAN,SRNC03
multilateratie.
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14. Concluzii

NDB = point
Range = direction

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VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)

VOR Locator = passive radiogoniometer in VHF (108-118 MHz)

VOR Target = rotating directional antenna beacon

Measured = QDR or the Magnetic Relevment of the Aircraft

VOR vs. ADF

+ on-board equipment very simple; complexity moves on ground

+ direct relevment measurement, no need for gyrocompass
+ VHF over LF/MF: stability, accuracy, shorter antennas, no
radiodeviation
+ cost effective: VOR locator shares the receiver with the ILS
locator
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Relevments

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VOR Adcock Antenna simulates the rotation of the cardioid

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the v signal antenna does

30 clockwise rotations per
second (30 Hz)
when the cardioid null Tx
direction is aligned to
Magnetic North, a r signal
is inhibited, the rest of its
variation is identical to the
cycloid
the QDR relevment is
proportional to the
difference of phase
between the v and r
signals received on board

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Best phase measurement

is between two signals of
the same shape; r is
amplitude modulated as a
cycloid

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 Radial a vertical
semi-plane generated
by the vertical of the
VOR radio aid

360 radials in total,

numbered from 0 (also
known as 360) to 359
the chosen radial may
be changed with either
the OBS (Omni-Bearing
Selector) or the CRS
(Course) selectors

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VOR Receiver Block Diagram

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VOR Signals

carrier 108-118 MHz

reference signal 30 Hz -> FM on SC

variable phase signal 30 Hz -> AM on c

id

identity signal 300-3000 Hz -> AM on c

SC

subcarrier 9960 Hz (9480-10440 Hz) -> AM on c

selected course CRS / OBS 30 Hz -> synthesized locally

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the complex VOR signal

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VOR accuracy requirement (ARINC 711-10)

Accuracy

Probability

0.4

95% of the time

1.4

99.99999% of the time

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 Radial a vertical
semi-plane generated
by the vertical of the
VOR radio aid

360 radials in total,

numbered from 0 (also
known as 360) to 359
the chosen radial may
be changed with either
the OBS (Omni-Bearing
Selector) or the CRS
(Course) selectors

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VOR Receiver Block Diagram

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