Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SERVICES
TRAINING MANUAL
WIRELINE
SERVICES
VISION
Wood Group Wireline Services is a
worldwide company dedicated to being
the leader in all areas of Wireline
Operations. We will set the standards
for performance and quality to ensure
the satisfaction of our customers.
MISSION
We are committed to providing our
Customers with the best possible
solutions for Well Surveillance,
Production Enhancement and cost
effective Well Intervention. Our goal
is to perform this mission without incident
to personnel or the environment.
MEASURES Of SUCCESS
TRIR Below One
No Compliance INCs
No Environmental Incidents
Retention of long-term customers
Maintain high level of Staff Experience
Maintain & Improve Equipment Reliability
CORE VALUES
Value, Care, Protection for our Human Resources
Safety and Protection of the Environment
Long term Customer Relationships
Protection of Customer Assets
Quality of our Performance
Corporate Citizenship
SECTION 1
WIRELINE SAFETY PRACTICES AND CALCULATIONS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
1.1
1.2
11
1.3
13
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
1.1
Bolt Tightening
1.2.1a
Area (Square)
13
1.2.1b
Area (Square)
13
1.2.1c
Area (Circle)
14
1.2.1d
14
1.2.2a
Volume (Square)
15
1.3.3a
Pressure (Gradient)
17
SECTION 2
PRIMARY WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
2.1
GENERAL
25
2.2
WIRELINE MAINTENANCE
45
2.3
48
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
2.1
26
2.1a
Chain
28
2.1.2
Load Binder
28
2.1.3
30
2.1.4
Tree Connection
30
2.1.5a
32
2.1.6
Lubricator
34
2.1.7a
34
2.1.7b
34
2.1.8
Stuffing Box
36
2.1.9
38
2.1.10
Rope Socket
39
2.1.11
Stem
40
2.1.12
Wireline Jar
41
2.1.13
Hay Pulley
42
2.1.14
Wireline Clamp
43
2.1.15
46
SECTION 3
WIRELINE TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
Page
ROPE SIOCKETS
STEMS
STROKE JARS
TUBULAR JARS
KNICKLE JARS
KNUCKLE JOINTS
HYDRAULIC JARS
GAUGE CUTTER
SCRATCHERS
IMPRESSION BLOCK
BLIND BOX
SWAGING TOOL OR TAPERED GAUGE
STAR BIT
TUBING END LOCATOR
SAND BAILER
HYDROSTATIC BAILER
FISHING TOOS
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
3.1
3.2a
3.2b
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.17b
3.17c
3.17d
3.17e
3.17f
3.17g
51
53
55
57
58
59
61
63
65
67
67
69
69
70
71
73
75
Page
Rope Socket
Stem Weight Vs. Well Head Pressure
Steel and Lead Stems
Stroke Jars
Tubular Jars
Knuckle Jars
Knuckle Joints
Hydraulic Jars
Gauge Cutter
Scratcher
Impression Block
Blind Box
Swaging Tool or Tapered Gauge
Star Bit
Tubing End Locator
Sand Bailer
Hydrostatic Bailer
Cutter Bar
Sidewall Cutter
Snipper
Wire Finder
Wireline Grab
Go-Devil
Wire Spear
52
53
54
55
57
58
60
62
64
66
68
68
69
69
70
71
74
76
78
80
82
84
85
86
SECTION 4
PULLING TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
4.1
89
4.2
94
4.3
95
4.4
99
4.5
101
4.6
105
4.7
107
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
4.1
90
4.2
93
4.3a
96
4.3b
98
4.4
100
4.5
104
4.6
106
4.7a
108
4.7b
108
SECTION 5
RUNNING TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6.
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
Page
111
112
113
115
117
119
121
125
127
129
131
133
135
137
141
143
146
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7a
5.7b
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11a
5.11b
5.12
5.13
5.14a
5.14b
5.14c
5.15
5.16
5.17a
5.17b
5.17c
Page
111
112
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
133
134
136
138
139
140
142
144
147
148
149
SECTION 6
MANDREL AND LANDING NIPPLES
CONTENTS
Topic
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
Page
OTIS TYPE B MANDREL
OTIS TYPE W AND C MANDREL
CAMCO TYPE A SLIP LOCK
BAKER TS LOCK
OTIS TYPE D COLLAR LOCK MANDREL
OTIS TYPE X AND R MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
OTIS TYPE XNAND RN MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
OTIS S AND T MANDRELS AND NIPPLE
OTIS N MANDREL AND NIPPLE
OTIS J AND E MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
CAMCO C LOCKS AND D NIPPLES
CAMCO SERIES W NIPPLES
CAMCO SERIES DB LOCKSAND NIPPLES
BAKER W1 AND Z LOCKS
BAKER M AND K LOCKS
BAKER N AND L LOCKS
BAKER S LOCK WITH L AND F NIPPLES
BAKER TYPE R AND N BOTTOM NO-GO NIPPLES
BAKER TYPE F AND J TOP NO-GO NIPPLES
151
152
157
159
161
163
165
167
170
171
173
177
179
181
183
185
187
189
190
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4a/b
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
Page
Otis Type B Mandrel
Otis Type W and C mandrel
Camco Type A Slip Lock
Baker TS Locks
Otis D Collar Lock Mandel
Otis X and R mandrels and Nipples
Otis Type XN and RN Mandrels and Nipples
Otis s and T Mandrels and Nipples
Otis Type N Mandrel and Nipple
Otis J and E Mandrels and Nipples
Camco C and D Locks
Camco W1 Nipple with Lock in Place
Camco DB Lock and Nipples
Baker W and Z Locks
Baker M and K Locks
Baker N and L Locks
Baker S1, S2 Locks and F Nipple
Baker R and N Bottom No-Go Nipples
Baker F and J Top No-Go Nipples
151
154
158
160
162
163
165
168
170
172
174
178
181
182
184
187
188
189
190
GAS LIFT
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
7.1
193
7.2
197
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
7.1.a
7.1.b
7.1.c
Tubing Gauge
194
194
7.1.d
Collar Stop
194
7.1.e
Tubing Stop
194
7.1.f
Circulation Plug
104
7.2.a
197
7.2.b
Kick-Over Tool
198
7.2.c
199
7.2.d
200
7.2.e
201
CHARTS
CONTENTS
Exhibit
Page
8.2
203
8.3
204
8.4
205
8.5
206
8.6
208
8.7
Stem Chart
209
8.8
210
8.9
212
8.10
213
8.11
214
8.12
Equalizing Prongs
215
8.13
216
8.14
217
8.15
220
8.16
222
8.17
224
8.18
225
8.19
227
8.20
229
8.21
230
SECTION 9
EQUALIZING SUBS AND PLUGS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
9.1
233
9.2
235
9.3
236
9.4
237
9.5
238
9.6
239
9.7
240
9.8
241
9.9
243
9.10
244
9.11
245
9.12
TYPES OF PLUGS
247
9.13
249
9.14
150
9.15
251
9.16
252
9.17
253
9.18
254
9.19
255
9.20
256
9.21
257
9.22
258
9.23
259
9.24
160
SECTION 9
EQUALIZING SUBS AND PLUGS
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
9.1
234
9.2
235
9.3
236
9.4
237
9.5
238
9.6
239
9.7
240
9.8
242
9.9
243
9.10
244
9.11
245
9.12
248
9.13
249
9.14
250
9.15
251
9.16
252
9.17
253
9.18
254
9.19
255
9.20
256
9.21
257
9.22
258
9.23
259
9.24
260
SECTION 10
SAFETY VALVES
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
10.1
263
10.2
264
10.3
268
10.4
269
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
10.2
266
10.2.1
267
10.3
268
10.4
269
SECTION 11
D & D TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
11.1
272
11.7
278
11.11
282
11.13
284
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
11.1
273
11.2
275
11.3
276
11.4
AA Stop
277
11.5
278
11.6
279
11.7
281
11.8
282
11.9
283
11.10
284
INTRODUCTION
WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
HISTORY OF WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
Wireline have been is use since the early days of the oil and gas industry. The
development of surface equipment for solid wireline operations have been intimately
involved in the development of new methods and tools for use in well completion,
remedial and work-over operations. Use of wireline includes: depth determination:
deviated hole surveys: temperature and pressure surveys: paraffin cutting: following the
plug in cementing operations: setting, retrieving and manipulating such devices as
chokes, circulating plugs, gauge cutters, swaging tools and safety and gas lift valve.
As the oil industry grew from the first shallow well in Titusville, Pennsylvania in 1859 to
the first producing well on the Outer Continental Shelf in the Gulf of Mexico in 1947,
wireline servicing has grown in complexity.
Wireline
Measuring Device
Weight Indicator
Reel Systems
Floor Blocks and Pulleys
Stuffing Box with Blow-out Preventer or Back-Pressure valve
Lubricators
Quick Unions
Blowout Preventer(s) Wireline Valve
Gin Pole and Mast
Remember, a certain amount of flexibility must be considered when rigging the surface
equipment. The components are named and numbered only for identification by the
reader as they are discussed in this chapter.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE WIRELINE
The earliest wireline used in measuring well depths were flat steel tapes with marked or
stamped figures similar to a surveyors tape. As well depth increased, obtaining tapes of
sufficient length became a problem. Correct depth reading were also a problem because
the calibrated tape stretched under load, causing inaccurate measurements. When a flat
tape was run in a well under pressure, the stuffing box and packing increases stretching
problems.
These disadvantages brought about the adoption of the circular wireline for depth
measurements and pack-off control. The line was tagged at equal length increments, and
the operator kept a record of the amount of line un-spooled and retrieved. Measuring
devices with calibrated wheels came into use later because they were convenient to use
and provided more accurate measurements.
As well depths increased and the loads imposed on measuring lines increased, highstrength steel wireline were developed to minimize wire weight and hoisting equipment
size. A small diameter wire was developed that 1) reduces the weight load to a minimum,
2) can be run over small diameter sheaves and wound on a smaller diameter spool or reel
without over-stressing by bending, 3) keeps the size of the reel drum to a minimum, and
4) provides a small cross-sectional area for operation under pressure.
The most common solid measuring-line diameters currently used are 0.072, 0.082, 0.092,
0.108 and 0.125. Larger tubing I.D.s have increased the demand for stronger line.
One-piece measuring lines are available from the line-drawn mills in standard lengths of
10,000 feet to 30,000 feet. The most popular material for measuring line is improved
plow steel because of its high tensile strength, good ductility, and relatively low cost.
Cold-drawn improved plow-steel measuring line has an ultimate tensile strength of
230,000 to 240,000 psi.
Requirements for well measuring line appear below in API Std., Section 7, Table 7.1
In wells where hydrogen sulfide is encountered, improved plow steel lines may be affected by
hydrogen embitterment that reduces service life. For service in hydrogen sulfide atmospheres,
Type 316 stainless steel was recommended because of its resistance to hydrogen embitterment.
New special alloy wire is now recommended. The ultimate strength of stainless-steel measuring
line is lower than that of improved steel and its cost is appreciably greater. Because of its lessfavorable ductile properties, it is more susceptible than other lines to cold working, which
reduces service life.
Stranded or braided line is used when solid measuring line larger than 0.125 inch is needed. This
line, previously known in the petroleum industry as torpedo or well-shooters line is
available in the following sizes:
Size (in.)
3/16 Dyform
7/32 Dyform
1/ 4 Dyform
SECTION 1
WIRELINE SAFETY PRACTICES AND CALCULATIONS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
1.1
1.2
11
1.3
13
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
1.1
Bolt Tightening
1.2.1a
Area (Square)
13
1.2.1b
Area (Square)
13
1.2.1c
Area (Circle)
14
1.2.1d
14
1.2.2a
Volume (Square)
15
1.3.3a
Pressure (Gradient)
17
1.1
1.
Make sure you completely understand the operation to be preformed and know the
hazards of the job and how to protect yourself. If you are not sure, ask the senior wireline
operator or your supervisor. A pre-job safety meeting shall be held prior to the beginning
of any operation. JSA must be completed, reviewed and revised if work scope changes.
2.
Always wear safety hats, safety shoes, and gloves. Do not wear loose clothing because it
may catch in moving equipment and cause an injury. Wear plastic face shields or goggles
when assembling hammer-up unions. Wear life jackets any time you are riding a
workboat or working in areas where PPEs are required.
3.
Position the wireline unit as far as possible or practical from the wellhead. Secure unit
with chains to keep it from sliding forward and ensure that it is well grounded.
CAUTION
On a H2S location, the unit must always be placed
upwind of the wellhead. Make sure you have the
proper breathing apparatus and a resuscitator.
Advise authorities before entering a sour gas
location and upon your departure.
4.
Remove all junk and debris between the wireline unit and the wellhead. The work area
around the well and to the wireline unit should be flagged so that no one runs into the
wireline while work is in progress.
6.
Do not hammer or climb a lubricator that is subject to pressure. Watch your footing
carefully when you must climb on a Christmas tree. Do not grasp any part of the tree for
support unless it is properly secured.
7.
Check the pressure gauge and ask the costumer if the pressure shown on the gauge is the
maximum well shut-in pressure. Make sure that all surface equipment working pressure
certified and exceeds the well shut-in pressure.
8.
Close the wing valve (unless other wise specified) on flowing wells.
CAUTION
Always count and remember the turns required to
open and close a valve so that you can be sure how
many turns are needed to close the master valve
completely.
9.
Ensure all wellhead valves are holding pressure. Close the top valve of the wellhead.
Never use the master valve except in an emergency.
10.
Close needle valve and remove gauge. Open needle valve and bleed off pressure above
the top crown valve.
Allow the pressure to bleed off and cautiously disconnect the bleed down hose. Make
sure that no pressure is trapped below the needle valve. Consider hydrates in highpressure gas operations. Close the needle valve and purge pressure. Refer to H2S section
for recommendations, (page 1-6)
11.
When all pressure is bleed off, leave the bleed-off valve open and disconnect the flange,
unibolt or cap, making sure that you do not stand on the part being removed.
NOTE
To remove a flange safely, unbolt one side of the
flange (4 bolts). From the opposite side, keeping a
safe distance. Shake the flange to ensure that no
pressure is trapped before removing.
CAUTION
To remove a unibolt or cap, first loosen the lock
bolt, keeping a full nut on same and tapping loose
the unibolt to ensure that no trapped pressure is
present in the ring grove or below the unibolt before
removing.
12.
When the flange, cap, or unibolt has been removed, install the wireline bottom adapter
(tree connection). For flange connections, clean and lightly oil the ring joint, then tighten
the opposite bolts.
Exhibit 1.1
Bolt Tightening
13.
Check the condition of the stuffing box blowout preventer and replace it if it shows
excessive wear.
14.
Make the lubricator up and ensure that all O-rings and O-ring groves are clean. String the
stuffing box, ensuring that the packing is replaced and the blowout preventer is checked.
Tie a wireline knot (.092) with not less then nine rounds and no more that 13. Continue
with assembling the stuffing box on the lubricator.
15.
16.
17.
If a gin pole is used, ensure that it is installed in a vertically straight position. Confirm
the gin pole is properly secured and chained down. Inspect chain hoists or rope falls
before using gin pole or A frame.
18.
Raise the lubricator so that the bottom is even with the top of the wireline valve.
CAUTION
To prevent the tools from falling out of the
lubricator, be careful not to bump the top if the
wireline clamp when picking up the lubricator.
19.
Install the weight indicator and hay pulley at 90 deg. angle from the pulley level to the
stuffing box. Connect the tool to be run into the well to the tool string.
20.
To correct wire line measurements to tubing measurements, zero the wireline counter at
the Braden head flange or the tubing hanger.
21.
Stab the lubricator to the wireline valve. Ensure the wireline valve is properly positioned.
22.
If the working pressure is above 5000 psi, purge the lubricator or fill it with the
recommend fluid to test the same above the shut in tubing pressure before pressuring up
the lubricator.
23.
Open the master valve (counting the rounds to know when the pressure enters the
lubricator). Continue to slowly open the valve counting the rounds until the valve is fully
open and the lubricator is pressurized.
CAUTION
The lubricator is now under pressure, if a leak is
present, shut off the valves, carefully bleed off the
pressure, repair the leak and proceed.
10
23.
If the stuffing box leaks apply pressure with a hand pump. When the lubricator holds the
pressure, you may continue the operation.
CAUTION
Never loosen the packing nut under pressure
24.
25.
Ensure that the tools are in the top of the lubricator when pulling out hole before closing
the upper valve. Follow proper lockout/tag-out procedures for wellhead valves.
26.
When bleeding off (purging) the lubricator, operate the bleedoff valve several time to
ensure that it does not plug off.
CAUTION
Never stand in from of a needle valve that is in use
when bleeding off well gas and oil.
27.
Upon completion of an operation while rigging down, the wire is normally drawn through
the lubricator and stuffing box back to the unit. Ensure that the end of the line is away
from all personnel when doing so.
28.
The wireline crew is responsible for any oil spill pertaining to the wireline equipment and
operations. Precautions should be made to perform all work with the utmost regard for
the prevention of any pollution.
1.2
11
12
1.3
1.3.1
AREA
Area is a surface enclosed by boundaries. An area is referred to as having so many
square yards, or square feet, or square inches. For example, Exhibit 1.2.1a is a
rectangle that measures four feet one side and three feet on the other side. If we
divide the rectangle up as in Exhibit 1.2.1b, we find there are 12 squares. The
rectangle has an area of 12 square feet. We can calculate the area by multiplying
the length of the two side of the rectangle together.
Exhibit 1.2.1a
Exhibit 1.2.1b
13
In the oilfield, pipe is round, not rectangle. So we must find the area of a circle
(Exhibit 1.2.1c. We can use either the radius or the diameter of a circle to
calculate the area. The area of a circle is:
A = x R x R or x R2 or x x D2
R = Radius of a circle
D = Diameter of a circle
= 3.14
Exhibit 1.2.1c
If D or R is in inches, then the area is in square inches.
We also have the situation of the annular area of two circles such as would occur
with tubing inside casing (Exhibit 1.2.1d). The annular area can be found by
calculating the area of each circle, as described above, and them subtracting the
area of the small circle from the area of the big circle. The calculations can be
simplified to:
A = v (D2 d2)
D = Diameter of big circle or ID of casing
D = diameter of little circle or OD of tubing
Exhibit 1.2.1d
14
Volume is how much a container will hold. How many gallons, or barrels, or
cubic feet. The volume of a box (Exhibit 1.2.2a) is calculated by multiplying the
height time the width times the length or:
V=HxWxL
V = 2 x 3 x 4 = cubic feet
Another way to get the volume is to start with the area of the bottom.
(Exhibit 1.2.2a) represents the bottom of our toolbox since it has the same
dimensions. We found the area of the rectangle to be 12 square feet. If we
multiply the area of the bottom by the height of the toolbox, we will get the
volume.
V = A x H = 12 x 2 = 24
cubic feet
Exhibit 1.2.2a
15
Calculating the volume of tubular goods is done the same way. First we calculate the area and
then multiply that area by the length.
NOTE
In calculating the volume of tubular goods, the
diameter and the length must have the same units.
That is, if the diameter is inches, then the length
should be inches. This becomes a little cumbersome
when the length is 5000 feet or 60,000 inches. The
easiest things to do is use the diameter in inches and
calculate the area in square inches, then divide the
area by 144 square inches, which changes it to
square feet. Then the volume is obtained by
multiplying by the length in feet and the volume is
in cubic feet.
For example, suppose we want to find the volume of 5000 feet of 2 3/8 inch O.D. tubing.
The I.D. of 2 3/8 inch tubing is 1.995 inches. The area is:
A = x (1.995) squared.
A - x 3.14 x 3.980
A = 3.14 square inches
Now if we divide 1.124 square inches by 144, we will get the square feet.
A - 3.124 144
144
Now multiply this area by the length in feet to get the volume.
V = A x L - 0.02169 x 5000
V = 108.4 cubic feet
The oilfield usually deals with barrels instead of cubic feet. A barrel is 42 gallons or 5.6
cubic feet, so the volume in cubic feet can be converted to barrels by dividing by 5.6 or:
16
Specific gravity of a liquid is the ratio of the density of a liquid to the density
of fresh water. To say it another, it is the density of the liquid divided by the
density of water.
17
If we know the density of a liquid, we can find the specific gravity by dividing the
density by 62.4, which is the density of fresh water. For example, if we have a
mud that has density of 82 pounds per cubic foot, the specific gravity is:
SG = 82 = 1.314
62.4
It is not often we have to determine the weight of a volume of liquid, even so let
us see how it is done. Suppose we have a mud tank with the same dimensions an
Exhibit 1.3.2a and it is full of 82 pounds per cubic foot mud. How much does the
mud weight? We have already determined the mud tank has a volume of 24 cubic
feet. So, if we multiply the volume times the density, we will have the weight.
Pressure is the force per unit area or weight per unit area. Pressure is usually
reported in pounds per square inch. (psi) or in pounds per square feet (psf). A
cube of fresh water one foot on a side is one cubic foot of fresh water and weights
62.4 pounds. The pressure of the cube created by the water is 62.4 pounds per
square foot. The weight is on the entire area of the bottom.
18
To convert the pressure of 62.4 pounds per square foot to pounds per square inch,
we must divide by 144 because a square foot contains 144 square inches:
Exhibit 1.3.3a
If you stacked another cubic foot of water on top of the first, as in Exhibit 1.3.3a,
the height would now be 2 feet and the total weight would be 2 x 62.4 or 124.
Pounds. This total weight is resting on one square foot so the pressure at the
bottom is 124.8 pounds per square foot or .0867 pounds per square inch.
PSI = 124.8 / 144
By doubling the height of the fluid, we double the pressure.
19
141.5
131.5 + API gravity
Or
API gravity =
141.5
=
Specific Gravity
131.5
Exhibit 8.4, page 8.4 can be used to obtain gradients, densities, gravities, etc
Suppose we want to find the pressure at 5000 feet in a well filled with 30 deg.
gravity oil. Exhibit 8.4, page 8.4 fives the liquid gradient for this oil as 0.380
psi/ft. Multiply this times the depth to get the pressure.
Pressure at 5000 = 0.380 x 5000 = 1900 psi
We can find the pressure another way. Since we have the API graity, we can
calculate the specific as follows:
S. G. = 141.5
=
141.5
131.5 + API gravity
131.5 + 30
141.5
161.5
0.876
Now multiply the specific gravity of the oil times the density of water in pounds
per gallon (8.33) to get the density of the oil.
20
21
For example, what is the pressure at 5000 feet if the surface pressure is 400 psi,
the liquid level is 3000 feet, the gas gravity is 0.7 and the liquid is 30 deg, API
oil? There is only gas from the surface down to 3000 feet so first calculate the gas
pressure at 3000 feet. Use the Exhibit 8.5 page 8-6 for this calculation.
There is only liquid from 3000 feet to 5000 feet. This means the liquid column is
2000 feet (5000-3000). Calculate the liquid pressure for 2000 feet of 30 deg. API
oil. Use either Exhibit 8.1 page8-1 or Exhibit 8.4 page 8-4.
The total pressure at 5000 feet is the sum of these two pressures
22
23
SECTION 2
PRIMARY WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
2.1
GENERAL
25
2.2
WIRELINE MAINTENANCE
45
2.3
48
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
8.2
26
2.1a
Chain
28
2.1.2
Load Binder
28
2.1.3
30
2.1.4
Tree Connection
30
2.1.5a
32
2.1.6
Lubricator
34
2.1.7a
34
2.1.7b
34
2.1.8
Stuffing Box
36
2.1.9
38
2.1.10
Rope Socket
39
2.1.11
Stem
40
2.1.12
Wireline Jar
41
2.1.13
Hay Pulley
42
2.1.14
Wireline Clamp
43
2.1.15
46
24
SECTION 2
PRIMARY WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
2.1
GENERAL
Primary equipment described in this section includes1, anything that must be
attached to the wellhead and 2, the down hole tools needed to perform a standard
wireline operation.
Each piece of equipment is listed in a numbered paragraph below in the order you
would rig it up on a tree. We will discuss the purpose and use of each part
individually. Detailed operating instructions for the down hole tolls included here
will appear in later sections.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tree Connections
5.
Wireline Valves
6.
Lubricator
7.
Quick Unions
8.
9.
Rope Socket
10.
Stem
11.
Jars
12.
13.
Wireline Clamp
25
Exhibit 2.1
Primary Wireline Equipment
26
2.1.1
2.1.2
27
28
2.1.3
CAUTION
Use only spliced knots on the dead line. Take extra
care to keep the rope clean of dirt and grease, and
not cut the rope. Replace worn rope.
2.1.4
Tree Connection
The tree connection (Exhibit 2.1.4) used depends on what type of connection the
costumer has to connect on to the top of his tree. When the top of the tree
connection is removed, Most trees have a pipe thread that is used to land the tree
when completing the well. This thread may be used, depending on the condition,
if the tubing pressure is 5000 pounds or less. A connection that adapts to the top
of the tree (8 round thread or unibolt) and the bottom of the wireline valve (quick
lock connection) should be reliable. A well with pressure greater than 5000
pounds would be considered high pressure and the tree connection would most
likely be flange to quick lock.
29
30
2.1.5
Wireline Valve
A wireline valve, (Exhibit 2.1.5), isolates well pressure from the lubricator
sections without cutting the wireline. It works by closing a set of rubber rams on
the wire and bleeding the well pressure above the wireline valve from the
lubricator. This procedure is often necessary with fishing wire and tools from the
well.
The wireline valve is required if the tools are stuck below the surface. If this
happens, the wireline valve can be closed and weight bars put into the lubricator
above the wireline valve. The rams are then equalized and opened allowing the
weight bar to fall release the wire from the stuck tools.
The Wood Group normally uses Bowen type of wireline valves,(Exhibit 2.1.5),
for all ranges of pressure work.
31
Exhibit 2.1.5
Bowen Wireline Valve
32
2.1.6
Lubricator
A lubricator (Exhibit 2.1.6) permits introducing equipment into the pressurized
well bore. The lubricator length depends on the well pressure and the length of
tools being run down the well bore. The lower section is normally made of 3
inch tubing that has an I.D. of 3 inches. This allows inch more clearance than
needed when running a full size flow control (safety valve, plug, etc.).
CAUTION
Clearance in the lower section is necessary to allow
pressure entering the lubricator when opening the
master valve to equalize same without blowing up
the flow control in the lubricator.
Standard sections of lubricator are approximately 8 feet long. The upper section
or sections are normally made of tubing the has an O.D. of 2-7/8 or 3-1/2 inches.
This is to accept the weight bars, jars, rope socket, etc needed to go down the well
bore in order to perform the work.
2.1.7
Quick Unions
Quick unions (Exhibit 2.1.7a) are screwed to the ends of all lubricator sections
and are used to connect the lubricator sections together. The quick union holds the
well pressure with an O-ring seal. The unions slip into each other, and a large nut
is screwed to the female half on the union to hold them together. They are
considered safe because they cannot be unscrewed while under pressure. Exhibits
2.1.7a and 2.1.7b shows the different types.
Note: No threaded connections shall be used over 5000 PSI.
33
2.1.8
Stuffing Box
The stuffing box (Exhibit 2.1.8) permits running the wireline into a lubricator
subjected to well pressure. Slick line sizes up .092 can be used with a standard
stuffing box. The stuffing boxes for lines larger then .092 employ a different yoke
and a larger upper wheel. This helps keep the bending to a minimum and prevents
crystallizing of the wire. Although several types of stuffing boxes are made, the
purpose of the parts will be explained to better understand the principals.
The drawing shows how a stuffing box works. The wireline runs through the
upper shear and enters the upper packing nut. The upper nut is used to compress
the upper gland which exerts pressure on the packing and stop the box from
leaking while going in and out the well. Different manufactures build the stuffing
boxes where some may use more or less packing rings than the other. The
important thing to remember is to count the number of rings you remove and put
the same number back in when it is necessary to replace them. Below the packing
is the lower gland, which guides the wire to the center of the packing to reduce
wear on the packing.
The lower section of the stuffing box is built to accept a blowout preventer. This
blowout preventer is sometimes referred to as a plunger. It will move a short
distance up and down. The top of the blowout preventer is a tapped rubber
molded onto metal. In the event the packing blows out, the excess flow moves the
preventer upward and closes around the wire stopping the flow. Below the
preventer and holding it in place is a large nut that acts as a stop for the rope
socket to bump up against when coming out the hole. Some stuffing boxes
employ a bleed off valve above the preventer for bleeding off purposes.
CAUTION
When using high-pressure equipment in a sour gas
operation, ensure that the upper and lower glands
are of the same material.
When a stainless line is used, the upper and lower
glands must be rated for sour gas and be of the same
material.
35
Exhibit 2.1.8
Bowen Stuffing Box
36
2.1.9
CAUTION
The exhibit designates the proper place to tie in the
connection where the grease is pumped in and also
where the excess grease is released to return to the
grease barrel. Ensure that they are connected
properly.
37
38
Exhibit 2.1.10
Rope Sockets
39
2.1.11 Stem
The stem (Exhibit 2.1.11) is built in various sizes, lengths, outside diameters, and
fishing neck sizes. The top is threaded to screw inside a rope socket or another
piece of stem. Immediately below the threads is a fishing neck that will accept
any standard pulling tool.
The stem is solid unless additional weight is necessary. It may be leaded if
required.
NOTE
Leaded stem is used only for special jobs where
limited space is necessary in the lubricator and the
extra weight helps to get down the hole. It is never
used where heavy jarring may be needed to release
your tools. Its construction makes its very weak and
it may come apart.
The stem (sinker bar) supplies weight needed for the wireline to drop down the
well bore against the pressures encountered in most oil and gas wells. The stems
length and size depends on the minimum I.D. of the tubing. Refer to Section 3,
Exhibit 3.2b for stem O.D. and weight per foot.
40
Jars are normally used below the stem so that the stem weight will close the jars
when an obstruction is encountered. In all phases of wireline operations, jars are
needed to manipulate the tools that are lowered and retrieved from the well bore.
The only times jars may not be run is when a buttonhole pressure instrument is
used.
NOTE
Before the pressure instrument is to be run, the
tubing must be first be checked out. A tool string
with jars and a tool as large or larger is run to the
depth that the instrument is to be run.
The jars are used to beat downward on an obstruction. Pulling the line up at the
surface until the jars open, then releasing the wireline reel quickly, operates them.
The weight of the stem deliverys an impact on the obstruction. An upward
impact can also be delivered by reversing this operation. Because proper jar
action is imperative, jars should be inspected for straightness and free movement
before they are used.
Exhibit 2.1.12
Wireline jar
41
Exhibit 2.1.13
Hay Pulley
The wireline Clamp (Exhibit 2.1.14) is used to secure the wire without damaging
it. Although the clamp may be used for various reasons, the main use is the keep
the wireline tools from falling out of the lubricator when raising it to an upright
position.
Exhibit 2.1.14
Wireline Clamp
CAUTION
The wireline clamp is released by bumping the top
to open it. The wireline helper as well as the
operator should be familiar with this fact and be
extra cautious when raising the lubricator above the
ground. Bumping the top would release the tool
string and could cause injury.
43
Exhibit 2.1.15
Single Line Weight Indicator System
44
2.2
WIRELINE MAINTENANCE
The following precautions should be observed in using and maintaining wireline properly.
A.
The maximum pull of the line must not exceed its elastic limit (50% of the breaking
strength).
B.
After extensive jarring, the wireline should be pulled out and 40 feet or more wire should
be cut off and the line retied. All joints on the tool string should be checked for tightness.
C.
D.
When the line is spooled up at the completion of a job it should cleaned, given a coat of
protective oil, and wrapped.
E.
Exhibit 2.2 shows the recommended method for re-spooling or transferring line.
45
Exhibit 2.2
Re-spooling and Transferring Line
2.3
NOTE
When the wire breaks inside the tubing, it falls
into a spiral coil inside. Depending on the I.D. of
the tubing and the size of the line, the fall back
will vary. The following is a general rule of
thumb for calculating how much fall back you
may find depending on tubing size:
2 3/8 inch tubing, 3 to 6 feet per 1000 feet
2 7/8 inch tubing, 7 to 8 feet per 1000 feet
3 1/2 to 4 inch tubing, 8 to 10 feet per 1000 feet
46
47
2.3
The use of stainless or alloy lines is recommended when working in H2S and CO2
environments.
48
49
SECTION 3
WIRELINE TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
Page
ROPE SIOCKETS
STEMS
STROKE JARS
TUBULAR JARS
KNICKLE JARS
KNUCKLE JOINTS
HYDRAULIC JARS
GAUGE CUTTER
SCRATCHERS
IMPRESSION BLOCK
BLIND BOX
SWAGING TOOL OR TAPERED GAUGE
STAR BIT
TUBING END LOCATOR
SAND BAILER
HYDROSTATIC BAILER
FISHING TOOS
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
3.1
3.2a
3.2b
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.17b
3.17c
3.17d
3.17e
3.17f
3.17g
51
53
55
57
58
59
61
63
65
67
67
69
69
70
71
73
75
Page
Rope Socket
Stem Weight Vs. Well Head Pressure
Steel and Lead Stems
Stroke Jars
Tubular Jars
Knuckle Jars
Knuckle Joints
Hydraulic Jars
Gauge Cutter
Scratcher
Impression Block
Blind Box
Swaging Tool or Tapered Gauge
Star Bit
Tubing End Locator
Sand Bailer
Hydrostatic Bailer
Cutter Bar
Sidewall Cutter
Snipper
Wire Finder
Wireline Grab
Go-Devil
Wire Spear
50
52
53
54
55
57
58
60
62
64
66
68
68
69
69
70
71
74
76
78
80
82
84
85
86
SECTION 3
WIRELINE TOOLS
3.1
ROPE SOCKET
The knots used in rope sockets (Exhibit 3.1a and 3.1b) to attach the wireline
should be selected using these guidelines:
A.
B.
Deviated Wells:
Use a rope socket with a cone-shaped end, (Exhibit 3.1a), when working
out the end on the tubing. Its cone shaped end eases re-entry into the
tuning, especially in deviated holes.
C. Wedge type rope sockets
Wedge type rope sockets shall be used with stainless and alloy lines,
0.108, .0125 and cable lines.
51
52
3.2
STEMS
The stem (Exhibit 3.2a) supplies weight needed for the wireline to drop down the
well bore against pressure encountered in most wells at entry of the stuffing box.
Exhibit 3.2b gives the various sizes, lengths, weights, outside diameters, and fishing
neck for solid stems and lead-filled stems.
53
54
3.3
STROKE JARS
Jars are always part of the wireline string except when running buttonhole pressure
instruments.
Stroke jars utilize the weight of the stems (connected immediately above them) to
deliver upward or downward jarring controlled by manipulating the wireline at
the surface.
Jarring impact depends upon the stem weight, stroke length, size and depth of the
tools, and the density and viscosity of the fluid in the tubing.
It is not recommended using 1 inch O.D. stroke jars in pipe larger than 2 inch
I.D. because of possible bowing and buckling. This could cause the two sections
to scissor, and prevent the jars from entering restricted openings. This is
especially true when the jars are used or in open hole below a string of tubing.
55
56
3.4
TUBULAR JARS
Tubular jars are mostly used for jarring in casing during fisting and sand bailing
operations.
57
3.5
KNUCKLE JARS
Knuckle jars are used to jar wedged stems loose from the tubing when mechanical
jars fail. Knuckle jars should not be used routinely, only for emergency
operations.
Available stokes: 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 inches
58
3.6
KNUCKLE JOINTS
Knuckle joints make the tool string flexible, permitting tools to be run through
crooked tubing where they might otherwise be damaged.
If crooked tubing is encountered, knuckle joints may be placed between the stem
and the jars, and in extremely crooked tubing perhaps between each individual
stem.
Because heavy jarring may sever the joints ball seat, the seat should be inspected
before running the knuckle joint in the well. The threads should also be inspected.
59
60
3.7
HYDRAULIC JARS
Hydraulic jars are designed for upward jarring only. The are used in wireline
work where it is difficult to obtain good jar action with regular mechanical jars,
such as in deviated wells, for retrieving mandrels, shifting SSD, swabbing,
bailing, and fishing. They require careful maintenance for maximum performance.
Sizes available are 1 . 1 , 1 , and 2 1/8 inches
Mechanical jars run with hydraulic jars permit downward jarring. If the hydraulic
jars should fail to function improperly, because of fluid loss or gas entry, the
mechanical jars can be used to complete the operation. Do not use the hydraulic
jars below the mechanical jars.
Hydraulic oil used in Bowen jars should be 10 W 30 lubricating oil. In higher
temperature when heavier jarring is desired, the jars may be filled with heavier
oil.
Completely understanding the problems the equipment operator may encounter in
using hydraulic jars is important. He must visualize the operation of a set of jars
down-hole while he manipulates the line at the surface.
An upward stoke with stroke or tubular jars will be in effective on a fish because
of the cushioning effect from attempting to open the hydraulic jars. With the
hydraulic jars in the string assembly, only an upward stroke when the hydraulic
jars opens is effective on the fish or pulling tool. If the hydraulic jar freeze in the
open position, cushioning will occur on the downward stoke. This may be a
problem if a shear-down pulling tool is latched on the fish.
61
Exhibit 3.7
Hydraulic Jars
62
3.8
GAUGE CUTTER
The gauge cutter is used:
1.
2.
3.
To remove paraffin wax and other deposits from the tubing walls.
63
64
3.9
SCRATCHERS
Scratchers are used to scrape the tubing wall, to clean tubing nipples, and to fish
small pieces of wireline loose in the tubing. They are used before running a gauge
cutter on the event the tubing is full of paraffin wax.
Scratchers are manufactured or made from a piece of sucker drill rod with a series
of holes along 4 spaced about 1 inch apart in a circle for the length of the
scratchier, normally about 18 inches. Pieces of wireline are inserted in these
holes. Their lengths depend on the tubing I.D.
65
66
3.10
IMPRESSION BLOCK
An impression block, a lead-filled cylinder with a pin through the leaded section
to prevent losing the lead, is a useful tool during fishing operations to assert the
shape, position and size of the fish. It indicates the type tool necessary for the next
run in the well.
The impression block must be lowered without knuckle joints to avoid getting a
false impression. Drop the block on the obstruction at a moderate rate of speed
and immediately retrieve it.
3.11
BLIND BOX
The blind box is a service tool used when heavy downward jarring is required.
The tool is flat on the bottom and hardened to reduce damage.
67
68
3.12
The swaging tool is designed to swage out light collapses inside the tubing string.
The outside diameter of the swage is equal to the tubing drift I.D. Ensure that
there is flow course holes through the swaging tool.
3.13
STAR BIT
The star bit has small blades which make it useful to remove excess cement or
salt, or to drive gun debris through the end of the tubing or pipe.
Exhibit 3.13
3.1.4
Broaching Tools: Broaching tools are used to clean obstructions from the tubing
walls where an obstruction is present.
69
3.14
70
3.15
SAND BAILER
Sand bailers are used to remove sand, mud, salt, or small pieces of junk from the
tubing or casing, to clean fishing necks or to take samples of the substance on
bottom. The well must be shut-in while a bailer is run to avoid flushing out the
bailer.
To bail, move slowly onto the obstruction, and then move up quickly (repeat at
lease 15 times). If the sediment is too hard to be bailer, solvents can be dropped
into the well first.
In a sand bailing operation, the operator should be aware of the well conditions
that may exist. Often the well will bridge over with sand, causing the well to go
dead. When this occurs, a pressure loss is noted on the tubing. Pressure should be
restored either by filling the tubing with fluid or by pressuring up from another
well or another source before excessive bailing is dome. This will keep the sand
from rising and possibly covering the bailer and tool string.
71
72
3.16
HYDROSTATIC BAILER
Hydrostatic bailers are used when the substance to be bailed cannot be removed
by a pump down bailer. This sometimes occurs when small metallic particles
become lodged on top of the fishing neck of a locked mandrel.
The tool is a cylinder about 5 feet long with a brass shear disc mechanism at the
bottom. The cylinder is at atmospheric pressure, sealed off from the well pressure.
When the obstruction is reached, downward jarring shears the brass disc cause a
tremendous suction at the bottom of the bailer. The bottom of the bailer may be
fitted with different sizes and shaped bottoms depending of what the job calls for.
Difference disc thickness is available for various well pressures:
CAUTION
As the lubricator is bled off to atmospheric
pressure, the seal plug of the automatic bleed valve
should be forced into the recess of the safety screw
If this does not take place, back out the cup point
screw a few turns to release the pressure. Then force
the bottom non-return steel ball off its seat with a
screwdriver to release any trapped pressure in
bailer. After pressure is totaled released, the bailer
bottom should be free to unscrew.
DO-NOT use this type bailer to bail on a soft sand.
Because of the tremendous surge of pressure, you
will bury it in the sand.
73
74
3.17
FISHING TOOLS
No matter how well the wireline equipment is maintained, or how experienced the
operator may be, there an occasion when things foul up. At this point, a fishing
operation is required, and the wireline operator must follow certain procedures to
obtain the best results rather than worsening the situation.
NOTE
District Managers will be contacted before any
fishing operation is started.
There are several types of fishing tools available for the operators use. Which
tools are used depends on the existing condition. Some examples are discussed as
follow:
A.
1.
Close the rams of the wireline valve and release the pressure above
the rams. Raise the lubricator high enough to:
2.
Install a cutter bar and set it down on the rams. Stab the lubricator,
equalize same, and open the rams to drop the cutter bar.
NOTE
The blind box of the cutter bar should be the
correct size to cover the center of the rope socket
where the line extends upward:
Examples:
2 3/8 inch tubing requires 1 inch O.D. blind
box
2 7/8 inch tubing requires 1 inch O.D. Blind
box
3.
Allow enough time for the cutter to travel to the top of the stuck tools and make
its cut on the rope socket.
4.
If the line is above the rams, there might enough line to back splice through the
stuffing box and the line then tied to the wireline on the reel and pulled out the
well.
75
76
The old broken line is then removed from the reel on the unit and a new line
spooled on. Then the cutter bar is retrieved. The fishing job for the lost tools is
then continued with the hope completing the original job plan.
Example 2:
If the wireline falls below the wireline valve, perform the following:
NOTE
When a line breaks at the surface or down hole, the
line will fall back into the well. It will lie in a spiral
on the tubing wall. The lines stiffness will only let it
fall a short way down the well. Depending on the
size of the line and the I.D. of the tubing, the line
will fall a given number of feet. A rule of thumb
may be from 8 to 10 feet per thousand feet.
Example: If you use 8 feet and the fish is at
10,000 feet, the line will fall back 80 feet from the
point where it was broken.
B.
1.
Attach the cutter bar to the fishing tool string with a piece of string.
2.
Lower the cutter bar to a point calculated to be below the end of the
broken line.
3.
Snap or jar the fishing tool string quickly so as to break the string and let
the cutter bar fall inside the broken line.
77
Exhibit 3.7b
Snipper
78
C.
79
Snipper
80
D.
CAUTION
Although it may seem impossible to pass the
wireline with a wire finder of this type, it is possible
and could be critical. Due to its fullest, extra caution
should be made preparing and running this tool
81
Exhibit 3.17d
Bowen Wire Finder
82
E.
1.
2.
After beating down and kinking the line, the grab catches the end of the kinked
line and pulls it up.
3.
The broken line is pulled up above the wireline valve, the rams are closed and the
pressure above the valve in the lubricator is released.
4.
Upon raising the lubricator, the end of the line is pulled up enough to allow it to
be back strung through the stuffing box. It is then tied to the old line on the reel
and pulled out the well.
5.
The old line is taken off the reel and a new line is spooled on. The wireline crew
then proceeds to fish the cutter bar and the lost tool string out the well.
83
84
G.
85
H.
Exhibit 3.17g
Spear-Type Too
86
87
SECTION 4
PULLING TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
4.1
89
4.2
94
4.3
95
4.4
99
4.5
101
4.6
105
4.7
107
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
4.1
90
4.2
93
4.3a
96
4.3b
98
4.4
100
4.5
104
4.6
106
4.7a
108
4.7b
108
88
SECTION 4
PULLING TOOLS
4.1
It consists of a housing, a connecting sub, a core with a set of three dogs all held
in place by a core nut. The dogs pivot against the inside lower edge of the
housing.
There is approximately 3/8-inch vertical travel of the core within the housing.
This relative movement controls the piston and releasing of the dogs.
When the core is held in its uppermost position within the housing against the sub
by the shear pin, the dogs are forced against the housing by the spring. The lower
end of the dogs is in a latching position. The dogs have; however, some elasticity
and can move apart to engage the pulling tool flange of the subsurface control.
Furthermore, any downward jarring is transmitted through the sub and the core to
the mandrel of the subsurface control.
Any pull on the line or upward jarring is transmitted to the core and the dogs by
the shear pin. It is impossible to shear the pin by a uniform upward pull on the
wireline.
89
90
In the event it is difficult to pull the subsurface control, perform a few sharp
upward jar strokes to shear the pin. The housing will move up until the core nut
stops it. This then raise the pivot point of the dogs above the axis of the dog
springs and causes the dogs to move out to the release position.
Parts shown on Exhibit 4.1 are:
1.
Housing
5.
Core nut
Connecting sub
6.
Shear pin
3.
Core
7.
Spring
4.
Dogs
91
92
4.2
93
The shear pin will withstand considerable jarring before shearing. If it shears, the
energy stored in the cylinder spring acts between the sub and cylinder. This raises
the core relative to the cylinder, which in turn, raises the dogs against the force of
the dog spring. As the dogs are raised, their tapered upper ends move into the
cylinder, forcing their lower ends outward. The pulling tool can be retrieved and
refitted with a new shear pin.
By changing only the core of the R pulling tool, it is possible to obtain an RB,
RS or RJ pulling tool.
94
4.3
Dog
4.
Core
2.
Spring
5.
Spring
3.
Shear Pin
95
96
CAUTION
Never run the GR tool with apin inserted as for
the GS tool. If this pin is installed, it is impossible
to shear free in either direction
Jarring should pull the fish. In case of difficulty, continued upward jarring will
shear the pin, releasing the pulling tool, the spring moves the core down from
behind the dogs, allowing them to retract.
The are two types of core:
1.
Standard
7/8 inch length below the locking dogs (for X mandrel, D collar stops
and G pack-off).
2.
Special
2-11/16 inch length below the locking dogs (for D collar lock).
97
98
4.4
NOTE
The type S pulling tool is also used as a
running tool for collar stops, pack-off anchor
stops and other subsurface controls, However, it
is not designed to pull Otis S mandrels.
99
100
4.5
The JU and JD differ only in the direction of shear release: the JU for jar up
to release and the JD for jar down to release. The accompanying specification
chart provides the reach data along with the core type necessary.
By changing the core only, the JU pulling tool can be transformed into:
101
102
4.5.1
Latch Operation
A.
When the pulling tool comes over the fishing neck of the mandrel to be retrieved, the
dogs are stopped. The skirt travels further down on the weight of the string, because the
holding studs of the dogs are free to move up and down in the upper slot of the skirt. The
dog spring is compressed. The skirt movement also frees the dog fingers, which are
locked in the lower recess of the skirt.
B.
The beveled top edge of the skirt grooves forces the dogs out, so that the pulling tool can
engage further down onto the fishing neck, until the core contacts the top of the fishing
neck.
C.
A pull on the line moves every thing up but releases the forces acting on the dog spring.
The dog spring expands, maintaining the dogs in a down position with respect to the
skirt. When passing in front of the fishing neck recess, the dogs can engage into it and
catch the fishing neck shoulder. The lower recess of the skirt, which has continued to
move up, locks them there.
If difficulties are encountered in pulling the mandrel, jarring operation will free the
pulling tool.
With JU type, jarring up to shear the pin will allow the strong spring to expand,
pushing the skirt downward, releasing the dogs from the fishing neck is a way similar to
the latch operation.
With the JD type, jarring down makes the core hit the fishing neck and the housing
assembly transmits the shocks to the shear pin. The strong spring expands moving up the
core, via of the holding studs that is set in the tool skirt. This releases the dogs from the
fishing neck.
103
104
4.6
105
Exhibit 4.6
106
4.7
2.
The PR-GS has a tapered core that drives the dogs outward as the pull is
directed upward., minimizing slippage, which allows it to latch a worn out
internal fishing neck.
107
Exhibit 4.7a
Exhibit 4.7b
D&D
PR Tool
D&D
PR-GS Tool
108
109
SECTION 5
RUNNING TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6.
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
Page
111
112
113
115
117
119
121
125
127
129
131
133
135
137
141
143
146
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7a
5.7b
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11a
5.11b
5.12
5.13
5.14a
5.14b
5.14c
5.15
5.16
5.17a
5.17b
5.17c
Page
111
112
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
133
134
136
138
139
140
142
144
147
148
149
SECTION 5
RUNNING TOOLS
5.1
111
5.2
112
5.3
The H running tool (Exhibit 5.3) has spring actuated dogs, which catch on the
fishing neck of the slip carrier of the mandrel assembly. A shear pin completely
enclosed in the body, housing and secured by the set screw, provides a means for
releasing the running tool from the slip carrier after the slips have been set and the
mandrel assembly locked in the tubing.
Jarring down forces the slips of the mandrel to firmly grasp on the tubing wall and
it shears the pin.
Additional downward jarring moves down the housing and makes the dogs
expand and release from the fishing neck, so that the running tool may be pulled
from the well.
Dogs
2.
Shear Pin
3.
Body
4.
Housing
5.
Set Screw
113
114
5.4
Pull on the line to make sure the mandrel is locked, as shown in part B.
Jar to shear the non-radial shear pins and pull out the running tool as shown in
part C.
115
116
5.5
2.
3.
NOTE
Maintain the core in a lower position with an Allen
key or a strong screwdriver to enable latching onto
the mandrel before placing the pins.
117
118
5.6
119
Exhibit 5.6
Otis Type W Running Tool
120
5.7
Operating Procedure
While going down the hole passing restrictions, the selective dogs
compress the spring and collapse. When encountering the top X nipple,
jar down to shear the top pin, locking the mandrel in place. Jar up to
release the running tool to the locking mandrel by shearing the bottom pin.
The anchoring dogs are normally retracted since the locking sleeve is in
the upper position.
5.7.2
Nipple Selection
When running tool is in the selective position the locating / locking keys
are retracted allowing the locking mandrel to pass through the upper
nipples.
When the selected landing nipple has been passed:
Move up slowly and read the pull on the weight indicator
before the dogs contact the chamfer of the landing nipple.
When the locator dogs enter the landing nipple, pull 200
pounds above the weight indicator reading.
This makes 5, 13, 1, 11 and 12 move up. Then the locking
sleeve slides behind the springs and the keys are in working
position (they can, however, still retract since the locking
sleeve is partly engaged). At the same time, the spring is
compressed and the dogs lock in the lower groove of 13,
the 2 half-discs collapse, disconnecting the sleeve from
the core.
5.7.3
122
5.7.4
Anchoring
The keys engage corresponding profile of the nipple.
Jar downward to shear 16.
5, 13, 3, 17 and 10 move downward, the keys are thus locked in the nipple.
On the other hand, the dogs enter the core shoulder and are locked.
5.7.5
Pull Up
Pull up to verify anchoring.
5, 13, 3 and 6 move up.
Jar up to shear pin and retrieve tool.
NOTE
While assembling the running tool, the two half
discs are inserted with the chamber facing down.
123
124
5.8
Setting
The valve is latched by the running tool dogs and lowered into the side
pocket.
When the valve is seated in the pocket, the running tool skirt rests on top
of the pocket before the valve is completely anchored.
Downward jarring shears the pin anchors the valve and frees the dogs in
the grove.
The dogs are maintained in the down position by the lock pin.
The running tool is retrievable
NOTE
Setting the valves with lock K1 with the running
tool KB2 requires an 8 spacer (203.2mm) between
the kick-over tool and the running tool.
Parts listed in Exhibit 5.8 are:
4.
Shear Pin
5.
Lock Pin
7.
Dogs
8.
Groove
125
126
5.9
Running In
Lower the tool until the no-go ring contacts the no-go nipple type D.
The dogs are in front of the landing nipple groove.
5.9.2
Anchoring
The pins are shear by jarring downward and the no-go retainer moves
downward. This frees the internal mandrel and allows the locking dogs to
expand.
The running tool piston hits the fishing neck shears the two (1/8
diameter) pins. The internal mandrel falls down and forces the locking
dogs apart.
The ratchet grips the lower part of the mandrel, securing the mandrel in
the locked position.
To retrieve the running tool, jar upward to shear the two (3/16 diameter)
pins.
To fish the lock, catch the fishing neck with a Camco (JDC or JUC)
pulling tool and jar upward to shear the ratchet.
127
128
5.10
129
130
5.11
The type K kick-over tool is positioned to latch the valve or dummy by going pass
the mandrel and pulling up slowly. After passing the mandrel coming up, the
operator lowers the tools with the setting assembly slowly until the valve or
dummy sets in the pocket. Jarring downward drives the valve or dummy down
into the pocket until the no-go within the gas-lift mandrel is reached. The cam in
the R latch or the ring in the K latch locks in mandrel profile. Upward jarring
shears the running tool pin and the running tool is retrieved.
131
132
5.12
133
134
5.13
NOTE
When a Camco MA blanking plug, which is run in a
Camco M lock, is to be installed, a W-1 running
tool must be used. All other control devices can be
run on the WC-1 running tool
The W-1 running tool is used to install a Camco MA blanking plug, which is run
on a Camco M lock, in a Camco W and WB series selective landing nipples.
NOTE
Although the W-1 running tool will set Camco WB
series safety valve and Camco M locks in Camco W
series selective landing nipples, the preferred tool to
use for these operations is the WC-1 running tool
135
Exhibit 5.13
Camco WC-1 Running Tool
136
5.14
137
Exhibit 5.14a
Pinning Instructions for Baker Model C1 Running Tool
138
Exhibit 5.14b
W & Z Type Accessories
139
Exhibit 5.14c
Type S Accessories Run With Up-Facing Locks Trailing
140
5.15
Dog
Spring
Core
Anchoring god
Rod
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
141
Shear pin
Shear pin
Spring
Skirt
Non-radial pins
Exhibit 5.15
Baker E Running Tool
142
5.16
NOTE
The same prong used for the C-1 running tool is
required when running S-1 or S-2 type lock
subassembly on the G running tool.
When approaching a selective seal bore, it is advisable to
slow down so that the O.D. of the collet will no-go on the
seal bore I.D.
Impact due to a fast rate of slack off will collapse the collet
allowing the tool to drop through either the nipple or sleeve
valve.
5.16.2 Operation
Jarring down will collapse the big spring, allowing the
collet to travel upward relatively to the body. The collet
fingers will collapse into the small O.D. off the body
permitting the G running tool to drop through the seal
bore. This operation is repeated at each selective seal bore
until the one seal bore that is to receive the desired flow
control device is located.
143
144
Exhibit 5.16
Baker Type G Running Tool
The following procedure is then applied:
1.
The running tool is located on the selective bore (either a nipple of the L sleeve).
2.
Pick up until up-faced locks are engaged, Jar down shearing the top shear pin
withdrawing the shank, and releasing the down facing locks.
3.
4.
Jar up, shearing the bottom shear pin and leaving the accessory.
5.
6.
As the tool is being retrieved from the well, the collet will no-go on the bottom of
each selective bore. Wireline tension causes the small spring to compress
allowing the body to travel up relative to the collet. The collet fingers collapse
around the small O.D. of the body, freeing the tool to pass through the nipple or
sleeve valve. Rapid retrieval from the well is an additional advantage of the model
G running tool.
Parts shown on Exhibit 5.16 are:
1.
Spring
2.
Collet
3.
Body
4.
5.
6.
Spring
145
5.17
BAKER PRODUCTION
5.17.1 Model A Shank (Exhibit 5.17a)
In certain lengths, the model A shank is a lock retention device, which
when made to the running tool (type C) keeps the down-facing S, TS, W,
Z type locks retracted while running in. In certain other lengths, it severs
as a crossover from the running tool to the models A and B prongs.
5.17.2 Model A and AC probes (Exhibit 5.17b)
The model A probe can carry a prong made to its lower end, in place of
the set screw.
The model AC probe, not being equipped to carry a prong, should be run
in all areas where a prong is required.
The model A or AC probe is used to close the up-facing locks on any flow
control device having A or TS selective locks.
As it penetrates the fishing necks, the blade automatically swivels, byPassing the down-facing locks, and retracting the up-facing
locks before the pulling tool latches on. The core extension
shoulders against the fishing neck of the accessory when
setting or jarring down.
5.17.3 Model B Probe (Exhibit 5.17c)
The B probe is used to close the locks on any flow control device having a
W or Z (top or bottom no-go) lock.
The model B probe retracts the locks before the pulling tool latches on.
The flange shoulders against the fishing neck when setting or jarring
down.
146
Exhibit 5.17a
Model A Shank
147
Exhibit 5.17b
148
SECTION 6
MANDREL AND LANDING NIPPLES
CONTENTS
Topic
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
Page
OTIS TYPE B MANDREL
OTIS TYPE W AND C MANDREL
CAMCO TYPE A SLIP LOCK
BAKER TS LOCK
OTIS TYPE D COLLAR LOCK MANDREL
OTIS TYPE X AND R MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
OTIS TYPE XNAND RN MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
OTIS S AND T MANDRELS AND NIPPLE
OTIS N MANDREL AND NIPPLE
OTIS J AND E MANDRELS AND NIPPLES
CAMCO C LOCKS AND D NIPPLES
CAMCO SERIES W NIPPLES
CAMCO SERIES DB LOCKSAND NIPPLES
BAKER W1 AND Z LOCKS
BAKER M AND K LOCKS
BAKER N AND L LOCKS
BAKER S LOCK WITH L AND F NIPPLES
BAKER TYPE R AND N BOTTOM NO-GO NIPPLES
BAKER TYPE F AND J TOP NO-GO NIPPLES
151
152
157
159
161
163
165
167
170
171
173
177
179
181
183
185
187
189
190
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4a/b
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
6.17
6.18
6.19
Page
Otis Type B Mandrel
Otis Type W and C mandrel
Camco Type A Slip Lock
Baker TS Locks
Otis D Collar Lock Mandel
Otis X and R mandrels and Nipples
Otis Type XN and RN Mandrels and Nipples
Otis s and T Mandrels and Nipples
Otis Type N Mandrel and Nipple
Otis J and E Mandrels and Nipples
Camco C and D Locks
Camco W1 Nipple with Lock in Place
Camco DB Lock and Nipples
Baker W and Z Locks
Baker M and K Locks
Baker N and L Locks
Baker S1, S2 Locks and F Nipple
Baker R and N Bottom No-Go Nipples
Baker F and J Top No-Go Nipples
150
151
154
158
160
162
163
165
168
170
172
174
178
181
182
184
187
188
189
190
SECTION 6
MANDRELS AND LANDING NIPPLES
6.1
6.1.1
6.1.1
Pulling Tool RB
Go down slowly.
2.
Near the anchoring depth, speed up. The running tool slides over the
mandrel, which is slowed down by the packing expanded because of the
fluid flow. The slips move down over the cone and grip into the tubing.
The bulk of the stems supply the necessary shock for setting.
3.
Further jarring down shears the shear pin of the running tool and perfects
the anchoring.
The pulling dogs are engaged by jarring down on the top of the mandrel,
which moves the fishing neck within reach of the pulling tool.
2.
Upon latching the fishing neck, the mandrel is pulled out the well.
151
152
6.2
Pulling Tool:
RB
This type W and C mandrel is designed to hold differential pressure from bottom
up only (Max. 1500 psi).
It is not to be set above 1000 feet.
153
154
6.2.1
6.2.2
The anchoring slips slide along the tubing wall during running in the hole.
2.
3.
The cone forces the slips to grip the wall of the tubing.
4.
Jarring up shear the pins, which fix the mandrel body and cone together.
The body moves up and the lower cone shaped shoulder engages under the
packing, sealing off the tubing.
5.
6.
When shearing the pins while jarring upward, the tools are not allowed to
set back down on the mandrel.
1.
The pulling tool skirt engages onto the mandrel fishing neck, and then the
pulling tool core strikes the mandrel body, which moves down.
2.
The pulling tool dogs latch onto the mandrel fishing neck.
3.
The lower cone shaped shoulder moves out of the packing, then the
shoulder of the mandrel body catches the cone assembly and moves it
down, freeing the slips.
4.
155
156
6.3
Type A
Pulling Tool:
Type JUC
Designed to hold pressure from the bottom only (Max. 1550 psi)
6.3.1
6.3.4
157
158
6.4
BAKER TS LOCK
TS1 Lock (Exhibit 6.4a) is used for 1.660 to 3- inch tubing 10,000-psi
maximum either side.
TS2 lock (Exhibit 6.4b) is used for 1.900 to 2.875 inch tubing 10,000 maximum
either side.
The pressure limitation will be that of the module (normally cup mandrel
assemblies) attached to the lock subassembly. The cup mandrel assemblies have a
maximum differential rating of 1500 psi.
6.4.1
6.4.2
159
160
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
161
162
6.6
Type R:
Running tools:
Types x and R
Pulling tools:
Type GS or GR
163
164
6.7
Exhibit 6.7
Otis XN and RN mandrels and nipples
165
166
6.8
6.8.1
1.
While going down, the positioning keys slide along the tubing. The anchoring
dogs are pinned up to the running tool and retracted.
2.
When the mandrel passes in front of its companion nipple, the positioning keys
enter the nipple profile. The mandrel is stopped when the keys set into the
matched profile of the nipple. Downward jarring shears the pin of the running
tool, thus freeing the dog carrier.
3.
Upward jarring anchors the mandrel. The mandrel is pulled up collapsing the
positioning keys and setting the anchoring dogs into the nipple upper profile.
Upward jarring shears the two tangential pins of the running tool freeing the
running tool and the tools are retrieved.
4.
6.8.2
167
Exhibit 6.8
Otis S and T Mandrels and Nipples
168
169
6.9
Exhibit 6.9
Otis N Mandrel
170
6.10
171
Exhibit 6.10
Otis J Mandrel and Nipple
172
6.11
B.
C.
173
Exhibit 6.11
Camco C Lock and D Nipple
174
D.
E.
Setting
F.
175
176
6.12
6.12.1 Features
1.
2.
3.
Construction all landing nipples are constructed of low heat treat alloy
steel for use in corrosive environments such as HS service.
177
Exhibit 6.12
Camco W-1 Nipple with Lock in Place
178
6.13
No-go type nipple available in tubing sizes ranging from 4-1/2 to 7 O.D.
The no-go on the lock body contacts the nipple just above the upper packing
section, which gives positive alignment for setting the lock. Several nipples may
be run in any tubing string by stair stepping the nipple I.D.
B.
Series DB Locks
The no-go is incorporated on the body of the lock and contacts the
nipple above the upper packing bore. The no-go dimensions on the
locks permit passage through each larger nipple until the desired
nipple is located, which assures positive positioning.
The unique tattle tale device gives indication that the lock is truly
located in the upper position.
179
Exhibit 6.13
Camco DB Locks and Nipples
180
6.14
A.
Setting
The C1 running tool equipped with the A shank (Refer to section 5,
page 5-29).
B.
Pulling
Refer to Section 4, page 4-14 for pulling tool JUC or JDC equipped
with a B probe.
181
Exhibit 6.14
Baker W and Z Locks
182
6.15
183
Exhibit 6.15
Baker M and K Locks
184
6.16
Setting
The model C1 running tool is used with an N shank to run locks.
(Exhibit 6.16)
B.
Pulling
The lock is pulled with an Otis RB pulling tool with an N probe to
hold the plunger in the down position. (Exhibit 6.16)
NOTE
The chart below indicates the sizes for running
safety valves that only hold pressure from below.
The no-go interference is less than for other seal
bore sizes, hence, the restriction to pressure from
one side only.
185
Exhibit 6.16
Baker N and L Locks
186
6.17
6.17.1 Setting
Used with running tool E or G or model C! with type
A shank.
6.17.2 Pulling with Otis RB or Camco JUC or JDC pulling tools
The model A probe is used with standard pulling tools
when a prong is required.
The model AC probe is used with standard pulling tools
when a prong is not required.
NOTE
The operation of the running tool E or G and
C1 (with A shank) is detailed in section 5
187
188
Exhibit 6.17
Baker S1, S2 locks and F Nipples
6.18
Exhibit 6.18
Baker Types R and N Bottom N0-Go Nipples
189
6.19
Exhibit 6.19
Baker types F and J Top No-Go Nipples
190
191
SECTION 7
GAS LIFT
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
7.1
193
7.2
197
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
7.1.a
Tubing Gauge
194
7.1.b
194
7.1.c
Collar Stop
194
7.1.d
Tubing Stop
194
7.1.e
Circulation Plug
194
7.2.a
197
7.2.b
Kick-Over Tool
198
7.2.c
199
7.2.d
200
7.2.e
201
192
SECTION 7
GASLIFT
7.1
A wireline unit can be a useful tool when a well looses its capacity to lift the
production fluid to the surface. Gas lifting the well may be the answer to producing more
fluid from the reservoir. This may be approached in two different ways depending on
how the well was completed. In some cases, the design engineer may have foreseen the
depletion of the well and prepared the completion string with gas lift mandrels. On the
other hand, gas lift mandrels may not have run.
The field engineer is responsible for designing the gas lift installation. Several
factors determine the placement and setting of the valves in the tubing string. The
engineer working with the gas lift supplier works this out. In either case, once the well
looses its energy drive or for other reasons, the well quits producing, the wireline unit
may be used to establish some facts about why the well is not producing fluid.
An example of this is where a well that has been completed without installing gaslift valves or mandrels in the well. When the well quits flowing, the operator may call for
a wireline unit to check out the fluid level and possible obstructions in the tubing string.
Exhibit 7.1a on page 7-2 pictures a tubing gauge that may be used for this
purpose. The tubing gauge may be run to the bottom of the well to see if the perforations
are clean. If in doth, a tubing end locator may be run.
Exhibit 7.1b on page 7-2 pictures a tubing end locator. This tool is only run after
reassurance that the tubing is clear. The locator indicates where the end of the tubing and
the bottom of the well is. These measurements are compared with the well schematic to
see whether the perforations are clear. If the perforations are clear, the engineer may want
to try to gas lift the well. By swabbing the well, a working fluid level may be established.
However there are other methods of determining where the well fluids may rise. With a
few known factors about the well, calculations may also be used. This gives the engineer
an idea about where to punch an orifice and possibly a hole in the tubing to gas lift the
well. After the engineer determines where to put the hole, a stop is run and set at that
depth.
Exhibit 7.1c shows a picture of a collar stop witch may be used providing that the
tubing has collars.
Exhibit 7.1d shows a picture of a tubing stop that may be set in case the tubing does not
have a collars recess. After placing the stop at the level decided upon, a circulating plug should
be run on top of it.
Exhibit 7.1e shows a picture of a circulating plug. A hole is normal punched right above
the circulating plug. Then, the tubing is circulated with a light oil and gas to displace any heavy
fluids above to hole. This also keeps any heavy fluids out of the formation.
193
TUBING GAUGE
Exhibit 7.1a
COLLAR STOP
Exhibit 7.1b
TUBING STOP
Exhibit 7.1d
CIRCULATING STOP
Exhibit 7.1e
194
Exhibit 7.1c
Wireline plays a big part in solving other gas lift problems. You may have a situation
where a well shows a decrease in total fluid production and an increase in supply gas
usage. In most cases, this indicates a cut gas lift valve or a hole in the tubing. The hole
may be located by gas lifting the well and running the following test.
A bottom-hole pressure external temperature collar locator survey will identify
the amount of flow from each gas lift mandrel or identify if the gas lift is coming from a
hole in the tubing. At present, this is the most efficient method for use of new technology
in troubleshooting gas lift problems, (see example below).
External Temperature Collar Locator Survey
195
196
CCL
Borehole
Temperature
Pressure
Multiple Gas
Leaks At GL
Mandrel and
Nipple
7.2
The most outstanding development in gas-lift equipment can about in the 1950s when
the Camco Company was formed. The idea of building a mandrel for a gas-lift valve to put
inside a tubing string was developed. The mandrel would allow full bore wireline work to take
place without restricting the tubing string. It would also allow the operator of the wireline unit to
pull and replace any bad valves without pulling the tubing out the well.
Exhibit 7.2a Shows a picture of Camcos Basic Design Side Pocket Mandrels.
Exhibit 7.2a
Basic Design Side Pocket mandrels
197
A special wireline tool was also developed to attach to the wireline tool string. It was call a kickover tool. It would allow the wireline operator to be able to latch the pulling tool over the fishing
neck of the valve for removal. It was also used for installing the valves.
There were several types made.
Exhibit 7.2b Shows the first type of Kick-Over Tools
Exhibit 7-2b
R Kick-Over Tool
K-Kick-over Tool
198
The drilling of directional wells made the development of newer side pocket mandrels
and kick-over tools necessary for the continuing success in gas-lift. The Camco
developed a side pocket orienting mandrel. This was necessary because the deviation of
the directional wells increased.
Exhibit 7.2c shows and breakdown of the parts of an Orienting mandrel.
Exhibit 7.2c
Camco KBMG Side Pocket Mandrel
199
With the development of the orienting type side pocket came the development of the
orienting kick-over tool. The same procedure of going below the mandrel and picking up
slowly to located the mandrel and position the kick-over tool is followed as in the old
kick-over tool. However, is the case of the orienting kick-over tool, the orienting sleeve
build in the top of the mandrel will catch, orient and kick the knuckle bar in position with
the pocket to install or remove the valve or dummy.
Exhibit 7.2d displaces the orienting kick-over tool at left and the procedure for installing
a valve at right.
Exhibit 7.2d
Orienting Sequence for Valve Installation
200
Daniels
K.O.
Tool
Exhibit 7.2e
Gas Lift Equipment Chart
201
SECTION 8
CHARTS
CONTENTS
Exhibit
Page
8.2
203
8.3
204
8.4
205
8.5
206
8.6
208
8.7
Stem Chart
209
8.8
210
8.9
212
8.10
213
8.11
214
8.12
Equalizing Prongs
215
8.13
216
8.14
217
8.15
220
8.16
222
8.17
224
8.18
225
8.19
227
8.20
229
8.21
230
202
Exhibit 8.1
Hydrostatic Pressure of Well Fluids at Various Depths
203
Exhibit 8.2
204
205
Exhibit 8-3
Annular Capacities for Wells With One Tubing String
Exhibit 8.4
206
Exhibit 8.4
207
Exhibit 8.5
Gas Pressure Factors For Various Gas Specific Gravities
208
Exhibit 8.6
Stem Chart
209
Exhibit 8.7
Otis Pulling Tools
210
Exhibit 8.7
Otis Pulling Tool Pg. 2
211
Exhibit 8.8
Camco Pulling Tools
212
Exhibit 8.9
Wireline String Dimensions Vs. Tubing Sizes
213
Exhibit 8.10
Pulling And Running Prong Chart Pg. 1
214
Exhibit 8.11
Equalizing Prongs Pg. 2
215
Exhibit 8.12
API Specs for Tubing Couplings
216
Exhibit 8.13
Tubing Joint Identification, Pg. 1
217
Exhibit 8.13
Tubing Joint Identification Pg. 2
218
Exhibit 8.13
Tubing Joint Identification, Pg. 3
219
Exhibit 8.14
Tubing Make-Up Torque Guide, Pg.1
220
Exhibit 8.14
Tubing Make-Up Torque Guide, Pg. 2
221
Exhibit 8.15
Special Tubing Joints, Pg 1
222
Exhibit 8.15
Special Tubing Joints, Pg. 2
223
Exhibit 8.16
Removable Locking Devices Mandrel Assemblies
224
Exhibit 8.17
Fraction To Decimal Conversion Chart Pg. 1
225
Exhibit 8.17
Fraction To Decimal Conversion Chart Pg. 2
226
Exhibit 8.18
Guide To Otis Landing Nipples Pg.1
227
Exhibit 8.18
Guide To Otis Landing Nipples Pg. 2
228
Exhibit 8.19
Baker Types F And J Top No-Go Nipples
229
230
SECTION 9
EQUALIZING SUBS AND PLUGS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
9.1
233
9.2
235
9.3
236
9.4
237
9.5
238
9.6
239
9.7
240
9.8
241
9.9
243
9.10
244
9.11
245
9.12
TYPES OF PLUGS
247
9.13
249
9.14
150
9.15
251
9.16
252
9.17
253
9.18
254
9.19
255
9.20
256
9.21
257
9.22
258
9.23
259
9.24
160
231
SECTION 9
EQUALIZING SUBS AND PLUGS
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
9.1
234
9.2
235
9.3
236
9.4
237
9.5
238
9.6
239
9.7
240
9.8
242
9.9
243
9.10
244
9.11
245
9.12
248
9.13
249
9.14
250
9.15
251
9.16
252
9.17
253
9.18
254
9.19
255
9.20
256
9.21
257
9.22
258
9.23
259
9.24
260
232
SECTION 9
EQUALIZING SUBS AND PLUGS
9.1
The well in most cases would have bleed down to separator pressure.
2.
3.
The wireline operator should first find out which type of equipment and
kind of equalizing sub that is closed. This could be found on a previous
wireline report, as it is the responsibility of the operator who set the
equipment to write this information down on a field ticket.
4.
By reading the previous operators report, the type of pulling tool and
prong that is needed to perform the job is used.
5.
There are two types of thread connections used in conjunction with wireline flow
controls. Exhibit 9.1 shows the physical difference in the two.
When using the different types of equalizing subs and plugs, it may be necessary
to use a crossover to switch threads. Each type of sub comes in different sizes and
the I.D. id important.
233
NOTE
Whenever an equalizing sub is used, the mandrel
bore must be larger than the equalizing sub bore. It
would be impossible to reach the sub through the
mandrel bore with a prong if the bore is too small.
When assembling the unit to set in the well, the
operator should always ensure that the device could
be equalized. The fowling information should be
recorded on wireline reports and field reports when
completing the job.
Exhibit 9.1
Type X & S Equalizing Thread Connections
234
9.2
Installation
The sub is run between the locking mandrel and the flow control device
and is designated on paper according to the type flow control and then the
type locking and sealing device and the equalizing device is named:
A Otis F safety valve being the flow control with a B locking device
with sealing cups (the mandrel) and a B equalizing sub (equalizing
device) designated:
Otis type (FBSV w/ B Sub)
9.2.2
Operating
The running or pulling tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the
running tool and extends through the B mandrel into the bore of the B
equalizing sub pushing a button built in the body of the sub outward
opening a 1/16 inch port allowing well fluid to flow. Upon removal of the
prong, the sub closes.
9.2.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.2
Type B Equalizing Sub
235
9.3
Installation
The sub is run below the locking and seal device such as:
1.
W mandrel D plug (Type DW Plug)
2.
X mandrel D plug (Type DX Plug)
9.3.2
Operating
The running or pulling tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the
running tool and extends through the mandrel into the bore of the D
equalizing sub pushing a button built in the body of the sub outward
opening a 1/16 inch port allowing well fluid to flow. Upon removal of the
prong, the sub closes.
9.3.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control device.
Exhibit 9.3
Type D equalizing Plug Assembly
236
9.4
Installation
The sub is run between the locking mandrel and the flow control device
and is designated on paper according to the type flow control and then the
type locking and sealing device and the equalizing device is named:
3.
4.
9.4.2
9.4.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.4
Type F Equalizing Sub
237
9.5
Installation
The sub is run between the locking mandrel and the flow control device
and is designated on paper according to the type flow control and then the
type locking and sealing device and the equalizing device is named:
5.
6.
9.5.2
Operating
The running or pulling tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the
running tool and extends through the S mandrel into the bore of the H
equalizing sub pushing a button built in the body of the sub outward
opening a 1/16 inch port allowing the well fluid to equalize. Upon removal
of the prong, the sub closes.
9.5.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.5
Type H Equalizing Sub
238
9.6
Installation
The sub may be run between the locking mandrel and the check valve
assembly.
Type S Stand In Valve W/Knock out Equalizing Sub.
9.2.5
Operating
A pulling tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the pulling tool
and extends through the S mandrel onto the top of the knock our plug.
Downward jarring shatters the plug allowing the prong to go down far
enough for the pulling tool to latch the plug. After equalizing takes place,
the stand in valve is removed.
9.2.6
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.6
Knock Out Equalizing Sub
239
9.7
Installation
The sub is run in a type S side door choke assembly or as a standard
equalizing sub in a plug assembly, such as:
1.
2.
9.7.2
Operating
The O-ring donut assembly in the valve housing is pinned in place as
pictured in the exhibit. The assembly is lowered into the well into the side
door landing nipple. When equalizing the S sub, a pulling tool with the
proper prong screwed in the bottom of the pulling tool lowered and placed
inside to mandrel on top of the donut. Downward jarring shears the pinned
donut and moves the donut downward allowing the well fluids to enter and
equalize.
9.7.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.7
Type S Equalizing Sub
240
9.8
Installation
The sub is run between the locking mandrel and the flow control device
and is designated on paper according to the type flow control and then the
type locking and sealing device and the equalizing device is named:
1.
2.
9.8.2
9.8.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
241
Exhibit 9.8
Type XO equalizing Sub
242
9.9
Installation
The sub is run between the locking mandrel and the packing assembly.
X Mandrel X Separation Sub Packing Sub Assembly
Designation (S Separation Tool Assembly)
9.9.2
Operating
The running tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the running tool
and extends through the XO mandrel into the o-ring collet which when
assembling is pushed down into the lower portion of the sub opening a
fluid bypass. In the procedure of setting the assembly in the desired nipple,
the o-ring collet is (Exhibit 9.8) is pulled up positioning the o-ring collet
across the portholes. When pulling the pulling tool prong is screwed on
the bottom of the pulling tool and the prong runs through the X mandrel
and the prong sets on the O-ring collet. Downward jarring pushes the oring collet down opening the equalizing ports of the sub.
9.9.3
Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.9
Type X Equalizing Sub For Zone Separation
243
9.10
Exhibit 9.10
Type X Equalizing Sub For P Prong
244
9.11
9.11.2 Operating
The running tool prong is ran with the prong screwed into the running tool
and extends through the X mandrel into the O-ring collet which when
assembling is pushed down into the lower portion of the sub opening a
fluid bypass. In the procedure of setting the assembly in the desired nipple,
the O-ring collet is (Exhibit 9.11 is pulled up positioning the O-ring collet
across the portholes. When pulling the pulling tool prong is screwed on
the bottom of the pulling tool and the prong runs through the X mandrel
and the prong sets on the O-ring collet. Downward jarring pushes the
O-ring collet down opening the equalizing ports of the sub.
9.11.3 Purpose
Allows well equalization across closed flow control devices.
Exhibit 9.11
Type X Equalizing sub (Original)
245
246
9.12
TYPES OF PLUGS
There are three types of plugs
1.
2.
3.
247
Plug From
Above
Plug From
Below
Plug From
Both Directions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
X
X
X
X
8.
9.
Kill Well
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
X
X
X
Exhibit 9.12
Applications for Tubing Plugs and Type Recommended
248
9.13
9.13.2 Running
The plug is kept off seat when running it in the well bore with a special
length prong. At the setting depth, the plug is set and the prong and
running tool retrieved.
9.13.3 Retrieving
When retrieving the plug, a prong on a pulling tool is run. The prong
enters the mandrel bore and sets on top of the spring loaded equalizing
pin. By repeatedly tapping down, the plug is equalized. The type-pulling
tool used depends on the type mandrel used above the plug.
Exhibit 9.13
Type C Plug Beam Assembly
249
9.14
9.14.2 Running
The running tool depends on the type mandrel or lock needed for the job.
The plug is kept off seat when running in the well bore with a special
length prong that allows fluid bypass. At the setting depth, the plug is set
and the prong and running tool retrieved.
9.14.3 Retrieving
When retrieving the plug, a prong on a pulling tool is run. The prong
enters the mandrel bore and pushes a button built into the body of the plug
which opens a 1/16 inch hole and allows the plug to equalize with the well
pressure. The method of retrieval depends on the mandrel or lock needed
to perform the job.
Exhibit 9.14
Type D Plug Beam Assembly
250
9.15
NOTE
It may be necessary to wait a while for the fluid to
equalize before pulling the plug. This depends on
the load above the plug.
Exhibit 9.15
Type E Circulating Plug
251
9.16
NOTE
There is a removable restricted port inside the plug
assembly. This port must remain in the plug if a
high differential of pressure is expected. The dart
must be raised to equalize the plug. If the
differential is too great, this becomes impossible.
9.2.7
Running
A type H running tool may be used to run the plug. The tool allows the
dart to ride up and off seat, which is necessary for fluid bypass. When
arriving at the nipple, the pin in the running tool is sheared releasing the
running tool from the plug.
9.2.8
Retrieving
A type RB or a type JUC pulling is used for retrieving to plug. The
fishing neck is latched and upward jarring holds the dart off seat allowing
the fluid to drop by until it is equalized.
NOTE
WGWS will only run the new style test tool with
the release sub. It may be necessary to wait a while
for the fluid to equalize before pulling the plug.
This depends on the load above the plug.
Exhibit 9.16
Type N Test Tool
252
9.17
Running
A type H running tool A may be used to run the plug. The tool allows
the dart to ride up and off seat, which is necessary for fluid bypass. When
arriving at the nipple, the pin in the running tool is sheared releasing the
running tool from the plug.
9.2.10 Retrieving
A type RB or a type JUC pulling is used for retrieving to plug. The
fishing neck is latched and upward jarring holds the dart off seat allowing
the fluid to drop by until it is equalized.
NOTE
WGWS will only run new style S test tool with
the release sub. It may be necessary to wait a while
for the fluid to equalize before pulling the plug.
This depends on the load above the plug.
Exhibit 9.17
Type S Test Tool
253
9.18
NOTE
It may be necessary to wait a while for the fluid to
equalize before pulling the plug. This depends on
the load above the plug.
Exhibit 9.18
Type W Circulating Plug
254
9.19
NOTE
It may be necessary to wait a while for the fluid to
equalize before pulling the plug. This depends on
the load above the plug.
Exhibit 9.19
Type T Test Tool
255
9.20
Exhibit 9.20
D & D Hole Finder
256
9.21
SS Plug Assembly
SN Plug Assembly
Exhibit 9.21
257
9.22
9.23
9.24
The type PX plug choke (Exhibit 9.24) is often used in place of the XX
because of the problem of equalizing the XX plug. After a pro-long period with
the XX plug in the well, any settlement of sand or trash will tend to fill the
mandrel bore. This makes equalizing with a prong in side the mandrel difficult.
The disadvantage is that it takes two trips the install and two trips to remove to
plug.
9.24.1 Running
A type X running tool is used to run the plug. The running tool is pinned
and preset depending on which nipple job is planned for. The X mandrel
with the equalizing valve housing and cap is run and set. The prong
assembly is then run and set with the seals in place across the ports of the
equalizing sub.
9.24.2 Pulling
To remove the plug requires two trips. A pulling tool is first run and the
prong is pulled allowing equalization to take place. The GR pulling tool
is used to pull the rest of the plug assembly.
260
261
SECTION 10
SAFETY VALVES
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
7.2
263
7.3
264
7.4
268
7.5
269
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
10.2
266
10.2.1
267
10.3
268
10.4
269
262
SECTION 10
SAFETY VALVES
10.1
263
In the late 1960s when drilling and production operations had reached a high
point, several oil spills occurred from loss of well control. Some of the well that
caught fire was without safety valves or had defective safety valves installed. It
became apparent that something had to be done to protect life and the
environment. The federal government became involved and after a short period,
inspection teams were formed and safety measurements drawn up. The job of
policing the offshore locations were given to United States Geological Survey
teams (USGS) The guidelines they enforce consists of regulations and
recommendations made up by the American Petroleum Institute (API) Spec 14A,
RP 14B in manual 14B. This is coupled with OCS order No. 5.
The only safety valves in use prior to these measures were subsurface
controlled valves. This type of safety is controlled by well flow. The new
recommended practices set forth by API and recognized by OCS Order No. 5 as
law by the U.S. government is the installation of surface controlled subsurface
safety valves. These valves are set at or below the mud line and controlled from
the surface.
All safety valves are periodically tested in place or pulled, test and reset. All
valves must be capable of being tested in place under existing well flow. Present
regulations are found in the Federal Register.
10.2
265
Exhibit 10.2
Types of Safety Valve and Control Systems
266
Exhibit 10.2.2
Pressure Operated (Left) and Differential Safety valves
267
10.3
Exhibit 10.3
Type PB Pressure Operated Valve
268
10.4
Exhibit 10.4
Type F Differential Safety Valve
269
SECTION 11
D & D TOOLS
CONTENTS
Topic
Page
11.1
271
11.7
277
11.11
282
11.13
287
ILLUSTRATIONS
Exhibit
Page
11.1
272
11.2
274
11.3
275
11.4
AA Stop
276
11.5
277
11.6
278
11.7
280
11.8
281
11.9
282
11.10
283
270
SECTION 11
D & D TOOLS
11.1
I Purpose:
The D & D AD-2 Tubing Pack-Off was designed to isolate a leak in the
Tubing and still allow the well to flow. It is designed to be set and pulled with
wireline.
II Alternatives Uses:
1.)
2.)
3.)
To suspend and pack-off Gas Lift Mandrels when the tubing has no
other means of Gas Lift.
To act as the sealing element of Tubing Plugs or Sub-Surface Safety
Valves when a landing nipple is not available.
As a seal above the screen in Through Tubing Gravel Packs.
III Operation:
IV Running:
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
271
Exhibit
11-1
V Pulling:
VI Redress (Disassembly):
CLEAN PACK-OFF COMPLETELY WITH SOLVENT
1.) Be sure that shear pins are completely sheared, noted by 1 to 2 of low tube
are exposed. If not completely sheared, place bottom half in a vise and put a
pulling tool into the fishing neck and jar until sheared.
2.) Loosen the allen screw on the bottom half (2) rounds but not to exceed 2
rounds.
3.) Unscrew the bottom half all the way until the top and bottom halves come apart.
You may have to grasp the rubber do-nut to get a good grip on the flow tube.
4.) No disassembly of bottom half required unless set screw is backed out further
than explained above. If so, refer to foot note. ***
5.) Remove rubber do-nut from flow tube.
6.) Unscrew expander mandrel from top half (fishing neck).
7.) Remove sheared aluminum pins from top half.
8.) Pull out flow tube.
9.) Remove O-rings from both ends of flow tube and from inside of expander
mandrel.
10.) Clean all parts again thoroughly before reassembling.
(Reassembly)
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)
Coat the exposed end of the flow tube with some clean light oil, and push
the expander mandrel down over the flow tube and screw into place.
Slide rubber do-nut down over flow tube.
Take the bottom half and screw onto the flow tube until the rubber
do-nut is snug with the taper on the expander mandrel.
Exhibit 11.2
AD-2 TUBING STOPS
274
8.)
Look through the sight hole, by the set screw, and rotate the
bottom half until the milled slot in the flow tube is seen and tighten
the set screw down snug but not too tight into the slot. IT IS NOW
READY TO RUN.
If the set screw is backed out too far the ratchet nut inside will turn. If this
happens, break apart the bottom half and screw the ratchet nut in until it stops, then
back off one to two rounds and line up the milled slot in the nut with the set screw
and tighten set screw just enough to keep the ratchet nut from turning.
When using the new AD-2 Pack-Off several items of :
CAUTION SHOULD BE OBSERVED.
1.) When going down the tubing the Wireline Operator should enter the fluid at a
slow rate of speed, so as not to set the Pack-Off accidentally.
2.) Only 5 to 8 of 1 stem is needed to set Pack-Off. DO NOT JAR
EXCESSIVELY. Jar only 3 to 5 times at the most.
3.) When setting the Pack-Off, use and equalizing hose between the tubing and
casing to maintain equalization at all times. This is especially important with this
Pack-Off due to its holding capabilities. After the top Pack-Off is set pressure up
the lubricator before opening the Master Valve. If a differential between tubing
and casing is established, before the top anchor stop is in place, the upper PackOff assembly will come up the hole.
Exhibit 11. 3
DDIC HI FLOW PACK-OFF
275
Exhibit 11.4
AA STOP
DDIC AD-2 PACK-OFF
276
(HEAVY WALL)
PACK OFF INSTRUCTIONS
TO RUN1.) Using wireline, pin AD-2 Stop in run position. RIH w/ AD-2 Tubing Stop using GS P/T
to just below desired depth, snapping jars to activate stop. (At this point stop will go no
deeper) Pick up on stop until at desired depth, jar down to set stop and shear GS P/T
releasing stop pooh.
2.) Re-pin GS P/T & run section DDIC P.O. w/ Kobe plug in hole. Enter tubing at
reduced speed so as not to set accidentally, go down and set on top of AD-2. Jar down to
set P.O. and shear GS P/T pooh.
3.) Re-pin GS P/T. Pin AA Tubing Stop in run position, RIH w/ AA Stop using GS P/T- Set
down on top of P.O., jar down to set stop and shear GS P/T. pooh.
TO PULL1.) Put as much back pressure on top of plug as possible, (fluid if possible), to help in
equalizing plug.
2.) To equalize plug, the Kobe button must be broken with equalizing prong. RIH w/ prong
on RIT and break Kobe button allowing well to equalize.
3.) RIH w/ GS P/T and latch AA Tubing Stop- jar up to releasepooh
4.) RIH w/ GS P/T and latch P.O. assembly-jar up to shear and release P.O.-pooh
5.) RIH w/ GS P/T and latch AD-2 Stop-jar up to release stop-pooh.
PR-GS TOOL
Exhibit 11.5
277
Exhibit
11.6
278
1.) Be sure that the shear pins are completely sheared, noted by 1 to 2 of flow tube are
exposed, If not completely sheared, place bottom half in a vise and put a pulling tool
into the fishing neck and jar until sheared.
2.) Loosen the allen screw on the bottom half (2) rounds but not to exceed (2 ) rounds.
3.) Unscrew the bottom half all the way until the top and bottom halves come apart. You
may have to grasp the rubber do-nut to get a good grip on the flow tube.
4.) No disassembly of bottom half required unless set screw is backed out further than
explained above. If so, refer to foot note *.
5.) Remove rubber do-nut from flow tube.
6.) Unscrew expander mandrel from top half (fishing neck)
7.) Remove sheared Aluminum pins from top half.
8.) Pull out flow tube.
9.) Remove O-rings from both ends of flow tube and from inside of expander mandrel.
10.) Clean all parts again thoroughly before reassembling.
Reassembly:
1.) Put new O-rings on both ends of flow tube.
2.) Slide flow tube into the top half and push down hard to set the O-ring into place inside
the top half.
3.) Look through the shear pin holes and see that the flow tube is completely seated before
inserting shear pins.
4.) Put a new O-ring into the expander mandrel and put some quality thread dope on the
threads.
5.) Coat the exposed end of the flow tube with some clean light oil, and push the expander
mandrel down over the flow tube and screw into place.
6.) Slide rubber do-nut down over flow tube.
7.) Take the bottom half and screw onto the flow tube until the rubber do-nut is snug with
the taper on the expander mandrel.
8.) Look through the sight hole, by the set screw, and rotate the bottom half until the milled
slot in the flow tube is seen and tighten the set screw down, snug but not tight, into the
slot. IT IS NOW READY TO RUN.
**Note:
If the set screw is backed out too far
the ratchet nut inside will turn. If this happens,
break apart the bottom half and screw the ratchet
nut in until it stops, then back off one to two rounds
and line up the milled slot in the nut with the set
screw and tighten set screw just enough to keep the
ratchet nut from turning.
279
Exhibit 11.7
DDIC AD-2 Stinger & Receptacle
280
Exhibit 11.8
Exhibit 11.8
DDIC Hole Finder
282
Exhibit 11.9
Pack-Off Bridge Plug
283
G.I.H. with AD-2 Tubing Stop on GS Pulling Tool. Pass the desired setting depth by
10 20 ft. Next, stop the wire rapidly, making the jars snap, shearing the pin in the
Stop. This will activate the Stop, allowing it to go no further down the well. At this
time, pull up the tubing, stopping at the desired depth, jar down to set the stop and
release GS Pulling tool. P.O.O.H.
3.)
G.I.H. with section Pack Off with Kobe plug, setting down on AD-2 Stop, jar
down to set Pack Off and release GS Pulling Tool. P.O.O.H.
4.)
(Before opening well to lubricator) Back pressure the lubricator so that no surge in
pressure exists possibly moving the plug. G.I.H. with AA Tubing Stop setting on
top of Pack-Off. Jar down to set Stop and release GS pulling tool. P.O.O.H.
Note: Before bleeding down the tubing pressure, document the static tubing pressure
for later equalization.
Pulling Procedures:
Back pressure tubing to compensate for the static pressure build-up
1.)
G.I.H. with GS Pulling tool with proper length Equalizing Prong. Set down
on top of the AA Tubing Stop. Jar down on Kobe Button breaking the button,
allowing equalization to be verified. Pick up on GS Pulling Tool, if the stop is
latched, then the Kobe Button is broken - Jar up to pull Stop . P.O.O.H.
2.) Remove Equalizing Prong from G.S. Pulling Tool. G.I.H. with GS Pulling Tool.
Set down on Pack Off to latch. Jar - up to release Pack-Off. P.O.O.H.
3.)
G.I.H. with GS Pulling Tool. Set on AD-2 Stop. Jar up to release Stop. P.O.O.H.
284
G.I.H. with AD-2 Tubing Stop on GS Pulling Tool. Pass the desired setting depth by
10 20 ft. Next, stop the wire rapidly, making the jars snap, shearing the pin in the
Stop. This will activate the Stop, allowing it to go no further down the well. At this
time, pull up the tubing, stopping at the desired depth, slack off on the wire causing
the stop to set at the proper depth. Jar down to set the stop and release GS Pulling
tool. P.O.O.H.
2.)
G.I.H. with section Pack Off with Kobe plug, setting down on AD-2 Stop, jar
down to set Pack Off and release GS Pulling Tool. P.O.O.H. NOTE: This step can
also be altered to use the standing valve in place of the kobe plug.
3.)
(Before opening well to lubricator) Back pressure the lubricator so that no surge in
pressure exists possibly moving the plug. G.I.H. with AA Tubing Stop setting on
top of Pack-Off. Jar down to set Stop and release GS pulling tool. P.O.O.H.
Note: Before bleeding down the tubing pressure, document the static tubing pressure
for later equalization.
Pulling Procedures:
Back pressure tubing to compensate for the static pressure build-up
1.)
G.I.H. with the equalizing bar to either break the kobe equalizer or to shift the
equalizer valve on the standing valve. (This depends on what is in the well, the kobe
plug or the standing valve).
2.)
G.I.H. with GS Pulling tool with proper core extension. (4 core extension for 4 stop
and 5 core extension for 5 stop) Set down
on top of the AA Tubing Stop. Jar down on the GS pulling toolshearing the two
3/16 brass pins, driving the core of the AA Tubing Stop downward. Once the stop
core is driven down, the taper lugs are then able to retract, allowing the slips to
release since the taper is no longer forcing them outward. Pick up to pull the stop free
and P.O.O.H.
3.) Remove the core extension from G.S. Pulling Tool. G.I.H. with GS Pulling Tool.
Set down on Pack Off to latch. Jar - up to release Pack-Off. P.O.O.H.
4.)
G.I.H. with GS Pulling Tool. Set on AD-2 Stop. Jar up to release Stop. P.O.O.H.
285
WIRELINE
SERVICES
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WIRELINE
SERVICES
Page 2
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SERVICES
Does the employee know where safety notices and bulletins are posted?
Has the employee been instructed in Company Emergency & Accident Reporting
Does the employee understand that unsafe conditions are to be reported immediately
Has the employee been instructed in the WGWS Safety Policy & Mission Statement
Has the employee been provided with a copy of the Company Drug & Alcohol Policy
Has the employee been provided with Drug & Alcohol misuse information as per DOT
Does the employee have all of the proper PPE (eyewear, footwear, hard hat, etc.)
Has the employee been instructed in the proper wear and care of PPE
Can the employee read and understand a Material Safety Data Sheet
Can the employee read and understand product hazard warning labels
Has the employee reviewed the Company Disciplinary Program for Safety violations
Has the employee been provided with the Company General Safety Rules
Has the employee received the behavior based safety training STOP for Employees
Has the employee received Marine Safety Training for offshore work (Awareness)
Has the employee completed and signed the WGWS HS&E Manual
Has the employee been instructed to report all accidents & signed
WGLS 1606 Accident Reporting & Medical Treatment
Hazard Communication
Training
Employee Signature
Date
Supervisor Signature
Date
Page 1
2/16/2004
WIRELINE
SERVICES
Date:
1) ASSIGN THE RIGHT TEAM - Knowledge, Experience, Committed, Confident, Empowered
2) UNDERSTAND THE STEPS / DEFINE THE HAZARDS What are the hazards? Gather appropriate resources.
3) EXECUTE - Influence, Manage, Lead, Assign Responsibility to Recommended Actions to Reduce / Eliminate Hazards
Signature
Job Title
Employer
DATE:
Potential Hazards
Recommended Actions
WIRELINE
SERVICES
Basic Job Steps (List the tasks)
Recommended Actions
All
All
All
All
Accepting the award is from left to right: Marvin Culpepper (Belle Chase, LA. Wood Group Operation Manager), Ken Blanchette
(ChevronTexaco MP 299 Field Support Team Leader), Scott Girouard (Broussard, LA. Wood Group District Manager), Steve Rees
(ChevronTexaco MP 299 Petroleum Engineer), Darlene Herrin (Wood Group Regional Administration Manager), Eric Sirgo
(ChevronTexaco MP 299 Asset Manager), Andrea Broussard (Wood Group HSE Administrator), Chuck Crosby (Wood Group
Wireline General Manager), Chadd Richard (Wood Group Sales Manager), Mike Herrin (Wood Group Regional Manager)
ChevronTexacos North America Upstream Gulf of Mexico Business Units recently awarded the Outstanding Crew Safety Award to
Wood Group Wireline Services. The award was in recognition of outstanding work and safety performances by Wood Group
Wireline service crews located within the Main Pass 299 area for ChevronTexaco.
As announced by Doug Lanier with ChevronTexaco at the 1st Annual Contractor Award Luncheon, Wood Group Wireline Crews has
consistently demonstrated their commitment to HES while working for ChevronTexaco jobs. All appropriate HES policies and
programs were followed and HES processes utilized. These crews participated in meeting with other contractors and/or
ChevronTexaco, if applicable. They communicated well with the ChevronTexaco representative and the quality and efficiency of the
work completed only reinforces that safety, quality and efficiency can be accomplished together.
Employees of Wood Group Wireline, in recognition, of their accomplishment were awarded jackets from Doug Lanier
(ChevronTexaco Vice-President Gulf of Mexico Shelf) and Rhonda Zygocki (ChevronTexaco Corp. Vice-President Health,
Environment and Safety) were Joe Myers, Charles Ellard, Randy Ryder, Chase Sonnier, Jonathan Guidry, Brandon Bergeron, Jason
Sonnier, Kevin Labiche, Darren Labiche and Scott Ellard. This core group of employees has also put forth a TEAM effort in setting
and accomplishing goals in the MP 299 area for an outstanding accumulation of 422 days and 34,341 man-hours working IFO
Incident Free Operations so far with even higher numbers being added each day. Company wide the Wireline Division has built some
outstanding figures in No Lost Work Days in the lines of safety. Currently the divisions from along the Louisiana Gulf Coast and
divisions from South Texas have surpassed a total of 1,174,909 man-hours and 898 days accident free.
Mike Herrin, Wood Group Regional Manger stated that this award is an outstanding symbol of recognition for the focus our
employees have worked on continuing our safety efforts. This award is a great motivator for each employee in the field and in
management support because it is like a pat on the back for a job well done from our clients. Safety is preached each moment of the
day and this award is a reminder to the employees that our clients do recognize a job well done and reward them for it.