STC1 S2 Slickline I v.2

109
Slickline Technology Course I
STC1-S3
(Slickline I)
Approved by
Approvals Prepared by Reviewed by
Industrial Supervisor
Name Hafizah Natasha Binti Helmy
Position PB INTERN
Signature
Date 05/03/2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 HISTORY OF SLICKLINE..................................................................................................6
2 THE SLICKLINE OPERATION..........................................................................................7
2.1 DRIFT...........................................................................................................................7
2.2 DEWAXING.................................................................................................................7
2.3 DESCALING................................................................................................................7
2.4 BROACHING...............................................................................................................7
2.5 GAS LIFT VALVES OPERATIONS...........................................................................7
2.6 CIRCULATING SLEEVES OPERATION..................................................................7
2.7 SETTING/PULLING PLUGS......................................................................................7
2.8 SWABBING..................................................................................................................7
2.9 MEMORY BOTTOM HOLE AND TEMPERATURE SURVEYS............................7
2.9.1 Static Gradient Survey.........................................................................................7
2.9.2 Flowing Gradient Survey.....................................................................................7
2.9.3 Flowing Temperature Survey..............................................................................7
2.9.4 Flowing Build Up Survey....................................................................................7
2.10 SPECIALIZED SURVEY.............................................................................................7
3 SLICKLINE EQUIMENT....................................................................................................8
4 POWER PACK AND WINCH UNITS................................................................................9
5 HYDRAULIC MAST.........................................................................................................13
6 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT.............................................................................14
6.1 STUFFING BOX........................................................................................................15
6.2 LUBRICATORS AND PUP JOINT...........................................................................17
6.3 QUICK TEST SUBS...................................................................................................18
6.4 BLOW UP PREVENTORS........................................................................................18
6.5 PUMP IN TEE (PUMP IN SUB)................................................................................21
6.6 TOOL TRAP...............................................................................................................21
6.7 TOOL CATCHER.......................................................................................................21
6.8 SPECIAL APPLICATION VALVES.........................................................................22
6.9 BOP HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT......................................................................22
6.10 WELLHEAD X-OVERS AND ADAPTORS.............................................................22
6.11 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT ACCESSORIES..........................................22
6.11.1 Lubricator Dolly.................................................................................................22
6.11.2 Test Cap and Test Plug......................................................................................23
6.11.3 C-Spanner..........................................................................................................23
6.11.4 Lifting Clamp.....................................................................................................23
6.11.5 Hand Pumps.......................................................................................................23
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7 SLICKLINE WIRE.............................................................................................................24
7.1 PROPERTIES OF SLICKLINE WIRE......................................................................24
7.2 WIRELINE FAILURES..............................................................................................24
7.3 INSPECTION AND TESTING..................................................................................26
7.3.1 Visual Inspection...............................................................................................26
7.3.2 Tensile................................................................................................................26
7.3.3 Torsion Testing..................................................................................................27
7.3.4 Wrap Test...........................................................................................................28
7.4 THE BRAIDED LINE................................................................................................29
7.5 SPOOLING WIRELINE.............................................................................................29
8 SLICKLINE ACCESORIES...............................................................................................32
8.1 WEIGHT INDICATOR..............................................................................................32
8.2 HAY PULLEY............................................................................................................34
8.3 WIRELINE CLAMP...................................................................................................36
8.4 WIRELINE COUNTER..............................................................................................37
9 DOWNHOLE TOOLS AND ASSEMBLIES.....................................................................39
9.1 THE FISHING NECKS..............................................................................................39
9.2 TOOLSTRING CONNECTIONS...............................................................................40
9.3 TOOLSTRING CROSSOVERS.................................................................................42
9.4 BASIC TOOLSTRING...............................................................................................43
9.4.1 Rope Sockets - Regular Knot Type...................................................................43
9.4.2 Rope Socket - Teardrop Type............................................................................44
9.4.3 Braided Line Rope Socket................................................................................45
9.4.4 Swivel Joint........................................................................................................47
9.4.5 tem – Standard Type..........................................................................................47
9.4.6 Stem - Roller Stem.............................................................................................48
9.4.7 Stem - Lead Filled Stem....................................................................................48
9.4.8 Wireline Jar- Spang Jar.....................................................................................49
9.4.9 Wireline Jar- Tubular Jar..................................................................................50
9.4.10 Wireline Jar- Hydraulic Jars..............................................................................51
9.4.11 Wireline Jar- PETROLINE Spring Jar..............................................................53
9.4.12 Wireline Jar- Flopetrol Upstroke Jars................................................................55
9.4.13 Wireline Jar- Flopetrol Stretch Simulators........................................................60
9.4.14 Knuckle Joints Conventional Type....................................................................62
9.4.15 Knuckle Joints - Integral Type...........................................................................63
9.4.16 O. Petroline Centralizer.....................................................................................63
9.4.17 Electric Line.......................................................................................................64
9.5 SLICKLINE SERVICE TOOLS.................................................................................65
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9.5.1 Drift....................................................................................................................65
9.5.2 Gauge Cutter......................................................................................................65
9.5.3 Blind Box...........................................................................................................66
9.5.4 Impression Block...............................................................................................67
9.5.5 Swaging Tool.....................................................................................................69
9.5.6 Wire Scratcher...................................................................................................70
9.5.7 Tubing End Locator...........................................................................................71
9.5.8 Hydrostatic Bailer..............................................................................................73
9.5.9 Pump Bailer and Dump Bailer...........................................................................74
9.5.10 Star Dril..............................................................................................................74
9.5.11 Broaches.............................................................................................................75
9.5.1 L’ Collar Locator...............................................................................................76
9.6 STANDARD RUNNING/PULLING TOOLS............................................................78
9.6.1 Shear Pins...........................................................................................................80
9.6.2 OTIS “R” Series Pulling Tool............................................................................82
9.6.3 OTIS ‘S’ Series Pulling Tool.............................................................................85
9.6.4 OTIS SSJ PullingTool.......................................................................................86
9.6.1 OTIS “G” Series Tool (GS)...............................................................................88
9.6.2 OTIS “G” Series Tool (GR)...............................................................................90
9.6.3 OTIS “W” Running Tool..................................................................................91
9.6.4 OTIS “C” RUNNING TOOL............................................................................94
9.6.5 OTIS “D” Running Tool....................................................................................94
9.6.6 OTIS “X” Running Tool....................................................................................99
9.6.7 OTIS “R” Running Tool..................................................................................109
9.6.8 OTIS Test Tools...............................................................................................111
9.6.9 OTIS Tubing Perforator...................................................................................115
9.6.1 CAMCO “A” Series Running Tools................................................................121
9.6.2 CAMCO “JU”Tools.........................................................................................121
9.6.3 CAMCO “JD”Tools.........................................................................................124
9.6.4 CAMCO Z-5 Running Tool............................................................................127
9.6.1 CAMCO Z-6 Running Tool.............................................................................129
9.6.1 CAMCO - D and D-1 Running Tool...............................................................131
9.6.1 CAMCO “W” Series Running Tools...............................................................134
9.6.1 CAMCO PRS Pulling Tool..............................................................................137
9.6.1 BAKER C-1 RUNNING TOOL......................................................................141
9.6.2 PETROLINE DU Tool....................................................................................147
9.6.3 Control Tools...................................................................................................149
9.6.4 Modified PX Test Tool....................................................................................151
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9.7 SWABBING TOOL..................................................................................................152
10 SLCIKLINE CALCULATION.....................................................................................154
10.1 UNITS OF MEASURE.............................................................................................155
10.2 BASIC FORMULA...................................................................................................156
10.3 RULES OF THUMB.................................................................................................158
10.4 FORCE......................................................................................................................159
10.5 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE..................................................................................160
10.6 COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS...................................................................161
10.7 FRACTION/DECIMAL CONVERSIONS...............................................................168
10.8 LINE STRETCH DATA...........................................................................................169
10.9 ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................................170
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1 HISTORY OF SLICKLINE
The term SLICKLINE relates to the use of a wire or braided line to convey downhole tools or equipment in a
wellbore. The first use of wire in a wellbore was as a measuring device. In the construction of the early wells dug
by hand, sticks were used to measure depth. The stick was laid on the ground and the distance/length stepped off.
Occasionally, for important measurements a surveyor’s chain would be used. To create a hole in the ground, early
drilling operations used a pointed tool on a rope. However, as the work progressed, the rope stretched and often
broke. The length of the rope could not then be used as an accurate measure.
To overcome the weakness of rope, wire cable was used. By this time, a method had to be devised to measure the
depth of the hole. Normally the hole had water in it to help soften up the dirt, clay sandstone or limestone rock. If
the driller used a rope with markings, the rope would be wet as it came out of the hole and would rot while being
rolled up on a winch type spool or drum. The drillers started using cable, but it was bulky and as it stretched going
in the hole, the weight of the cable either broke it or stretched between the markings on the cable.
Around the same time as the use of rope and cable, some drillers were using a flat steel tape with markings on it.
The tape would be lowered into the wellbore, however, it suffered the same problems as the cable and rope, as
weight exceeded the strength of the tape cross-section, it would part. The subsequent use of wire offered several
advantages. It weighed less than a cable, was easier to handle than a rope and the length or depth to which the wire
could be used was be greater. This was accomplished by putting the wire on a drum, which could be lowered and
raised by a winding handle. As the wellbores increased in depth, a winding handle with a gear ratio was added to
pull up the greater weight. By this time, a brake hand was added to the other side of the drum to control the speed
of the line going in the hole. The principal power source at this time was steam and a steam operated engine was
used to pull the line out of the hole.
The first noted use of slickline was by Halliburton to follow a cement plug down while cementing a well. These
units were originally mounted on the rig, although they later became part of the equipment of the service engineer
and were operated off of the left rear wheel of a car or pickup truck. From this early efforts a unit known as a side-
winder was developed – a spool of wire on a drum would slide out on a frame from the bed of a pickup truck. The
left rear wheel was jacked up, a sheave, drum or cathead was attached and a rope was run around it to the drum of
wire. This was prevalent in the 1940’s.
The operator told the helper how fast to run the engine and winch, the helper being positioned in the cab of the
truck with his foot on the gas pedal! There was no weight indicator and the operator had to guess how much he
was pulling on the wire by how far he could push down on it. To measure how deep he had gone in the hole, the
operator would count the number of layers of wire that had gone in the hole and come up with a figure for depth,
determined by the circumference of the drum. This was a crude guess, but an experienced operator would
generally be off only 5 to 10 ft if measured by a counter.
From that method came the skid units with belt drives and clutches to improve control of the winch. A counter
head and a device to measure the amount of pull (weight) on the wire had been developed by this time. The
counter head was developed by Halliburton and the OD of the wire determined the size of the wheel in which the
wire ran. To measure the pull on the wire, there were two methods, electric and hydraulic. Much of the same
principles are still applied in the design and use of modern slickline equipment.
However, with increased wellbore depths and the growing complexity of downhole completion equipment, the
applications for slickline have increased significantly. Almost every wellbore will at some time be accessed by
slickline. Even highly deviated or horizontal wells can require slickline access for the installation or servicing of
upper wellbore components. Slickline (and occasionally braided line) is commonly used in the following
operations:
- Checking the production tubing drift
- Checking the build up of wax, scale or wellbore deposits
- Confirming the well depth or clearance to perforations
- Running and pulling plugs or flow control devices
- Opening and closing sliding side-doors or similar completion equipment
- Conducting pressure and temperature surveys using mechanical or electrical gauges and recorders
- Installing tubing pack-offs or similar completion devices
- Logging and perforating
The majority of blowouts and pressure related incidents are caused during well intervention. Efficient, safe
slickline operations are essential, but can only be achieved through good planning and implementation of correct
procedures. The use of appropriate tools and correctly maintained equipment is an integral part of successful, safe,
slickline operations. The necessary skills and operator competency are a result of thorough theoretical education
and practical training.
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2 THE SLICKLINE OPERATION
2.1 DRIFT
2.2 DEWAXING
2.3 DESCALING
2.4 BROACHING
2.5 GAS LIFT VALVES OPERATIONS
2.6 CIRCULATING SLEEVES OPERATION
2.7 SETTING/PULLING PLUGS
2.8 SWABBING
2.9 MEMORY BOTTOM HOLE AND TEMPERATURE SURVEYS
2.9.1 Static Gradient Survey

2.9.2 Flowing Gradient Survey
2.9.3 Flowing Temperature Survey
2.9.4 Flowing Build Up Survey
2.10 SPECIALIZED SURVEY
Gyro Survey
MPL
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3 SLICKLINE EQUIMENT
Figure 3.1 Slickline Equipment
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4 POWER PACK AND WINCH UNITS
General Description
Winch Unit is a slickline surface equipment that is used to reel the slickline wire in and out of the hole. The main
component of the winch unit is the drum that holds the slickline. Winch unit can be single drum or doule drum. It
has a measuring head that measures the length and speed of the wire while running in or pulling out of the well.
The winch unit has a operator panel where the operator controls the running in and pulling out of wire and
slickline tools in the hole. The weight indicator is mounted on the panel to monitor the running and pulling weights
during slickline operations.
In normal configuration, the winch unit has controls to close and open slicklne BOPs and other hydraulically
operated valves. In some cases, the BOP control is a separate hydraulic control unit.
A Power Pack is a slckline surface equipment that generates hydraulic or electric power to operate various surface
equipment such as the winch unit, hydraulic mast and hydraulic control units where available. This is normally a
diesel driven and in special case is electric driven. A diesel engine power pack varies from 40 HP to 130 HP.
The combination of winch unit and power pack can be a Closed Loop or Open Loop hydraulic system. It depends
on the main application of the slickline where both have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Figure 4.1 Single Drum Winch Unit
Figure 3. Single Drum Power Pack Unit
Figure 4.2 Single Drum Power Pack
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Figure 4.1 Double Drum Winch Unit
Figure 4.2: Double Drum Power Pack Unit
Open Loop System.

The open loop system has been in use for several decades and provides good control of the line force and speed.
Ideally a unit should be able to pull approximately 3.000 lbs (1.500 kgs) in low gear, and approximately
3.000ft/minute (1.000 m/ minute) in high gear and low load.
Principle of Operation
Gravity feeds hydraulic oil from the tank via a filter to a positive displacement vane type pump. A positive
displacement pump outputs a fixed volume of oil per rotation. Any obstruction to the output can cause failure of
the pump or component, and it is therefore essential to have a pressure relief valve in the system.
On the high-pressure outlet side of the pump is a pressure relief valve set at the system operating maximum (1,500
to 3,000 psi). Should a blockage occur, hydraulic oil is by passed back to the tank.
Directional control is provided by a 4-way hydraulic valve (such as a Hydreco or Barksdale) which provides
‘Forward’, ‘neutral’ and ‘reverse’ positions. From the outlet side of the 4-way valve, oil returns to the tank via an
oil cooler* and filter system.
Note:
The hydraulic oil must be kept within the operating temperature range. At elevated temperatures, the oil can
break down and damage the circuit components. At high temperatures, the oil is a potential safety hazard to
personnel if a hose or connection breaks. The oil cooler can be manually controlled or have an automatic
control valve to maintain its optimum operating temperature.
From the outlet side of the 4-way valve, oil is directed to the vane type motor to provide rotation to the output
shaft of the pump.
Select the direction with the 4-way valve and use the hydraulic relief valve and gears to control the tension. The 4-
ways valve SHOULD NOT be used in the partially shifted position.
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Close Loop Syatem
The Closed Loop hydraulic system is becoming increasingly utilized, as it provides more precise control of the line
force and more rapid changes of direction. It is essential that the circuit components be correctly matched to obtain
optimum performance. Closed loop units vary from open loop systems as follows:
 Circuit pressure is higher (approximately 5,000 psi).
 The oil pump is of the variable output type.
 When the drum is stationary, no oil is circulated through the circuit.
 Less frictional heat is generated in the oil, as it is not circulating constantly.
 Circuit components are more expensive.
Oil is provided to the variable displacement pump by a charging pump to maintain the pump inlet pressure. The
output of the pump is variable as the angle of the internal ‘swash plate’ is altered by the ‘oil output volume
control’ on the operator’s panel. At 90° to the input shaft no oil is being displaced through the system. As the angle
of the swash plate is increased, the stroke of the pistons increases to provide a greater volume of oil discharge. If
the swash plate is reversed, the direction of the output oil is also reversed which provides potentially rapid drum
reversal for jarring.
The motor is of similar construction to the pump, and the angle of the internal swash plate determines the speed at
which the drum rotates for any given in put amount of oil.
The oil in the pump motor loop is maintained at approximately 5,000 psi. Any excess pressure is bypassed back to
the oil tank via the pre-set pressure relief valve.
Advantages
 Better response to speed / direction changes.
 Better control of line force
 Increased jar action effectiveness.
Figure 4.5 Closed Loop System
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Figure 4.3: Closed Loop Wireline Unit
Standard Specification Requirements

Power Pack and Winches are manufactured according to the following standards;
- DNV 2.7-1 - Lifting Frame Construction
- ATEX 1999/92/EC - Installation, Inspection, Maintenance and Use of EX- Equipment
Maintenance, Inspection and Tests Requirements

Preventive and periodic maintenance are important to maintain reliability of the winch and power pack units. The
maintenance of these equipment is stated in the manufacturers maintenance manuals. Depending on the running
hours exposure, there are specific parts that have to be changed as recommended by the manufacturer. A robust
preventive and periodic maintenance program shall be established to ensure proper implementation and monitoring
of servicing.
Below are the standards used for the Inspection and Test requirements. The frequency of test were also being
stated in these standards.
- DNV 2.7-1 - Lifting Frame Construction
- ATEX 1999/92/EC - Installation, Inspection, Maintenance and Use of EX- Equipment
The inspection and tests shall be conducted or witnessed by industry recognised inspection and certifying bodies.
A certificate is issued after the acceptance of the inspection and tests.
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5 HYDRAULIC MAST
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6 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT
General Description
Wireline Pressure Control Equipment (PCE) is a set of tools and devices that are used to contain the wellbore
pressure during wireline operations. Wireline is an electrical cable that is used to lower the equipment and tools or
the measurement devices into the well during well intervention, and transmit data about the condition of wellbore
for wireline logging. The wireline pressure control assembly should have a working pressure more than the
expected maximum well pressure.
During well workover and intervention processes, it is important to ensure that the pressure that builds up in the
wellbore is controlled. There is various equipment that are collectively referred to as wireline pressure control
equipment because they help in controlling and maintaining the fluid pressure inside the wellbore whenever any
well workover and intervention processes are being conducted.
Wireline pressure control equipment usually has some type of valve mechanism and these valves can be either
 Wireline valves;
 Compact hydraulic wireline valves;
 Wireline valve equalizing system; or
 Wireline valve Ram configurations.
Standard Specification Requirements
The manufacturing of all such equipment is done as per the international recommended standards and must meet
certain specs such as that of
- API 6A
- NACE MR0175 Standard
- SHELL Pressure Control Manual (use latest edition)
Pressure Control Equipment are rated to the following Safe Working Pressure (SPW) range in terms of pound per
square in or psi ;
- 5,000 psi (Test Pressure 7,500 psi)
PCE is catergorised in to service types:
 Standard Service – for sweet wells (Non H2S Wells)
 H2S Service – for sour wells (Wells with High H2S content)
Maintenance, Inspection and Tests Requirements

Pressure control equipment are maintained according to its preventive and periodic maintenance requirements.
Below are the maintenance requirements;
 General damage and corrosion.
 Check the needle valve condition on the lower sections. Redress / replace the valve as necessary.
 Visually inspect the internal bore for corrosion and ‘wire tracking’ wear grooves.
 The condition of the O-ring groove.
 The condition of the pin and box sealing surface.
 Check the pin and box sizes carefully.
 Clean and inspect all components and replace the O-ring seals and thread protectors.
Certificate of Conformace (CoC) shall be renewed every fice (5) years and a regular yearly inspection and tests
every year for the Certificate of Service (CoS).
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6.1 STUFFING BOX
The essential function of the wireline stuffing box is to ensure sealing off around moving or stationary solid
wireline at the upper end of the lubricator during wireline operations. The packing nut is adjustable and can be
rotated clockwise (to the right / clockwise) to increase the compression force on the packing rubbers as they wear.
A swivel mounted (360° free movement) sheave wheel and guard are fitted to the top of the stuffing box.
The line size determines the size of the “upper gland” (2), “lower gland” (4), and sheave diameter. For 0.092” line
sheave diameter is 10”, and 15” for 0.108” line. If the line diameter is to be changed, the above components also
have to be changed.
Correct sealing of the wireline is a critical part of wireline operations. The choice of sealing device is determined
by the type of wire and well pressure / fluid, but will be one of the following:
 Stuffing Box - All sizes of slickline.
 Swabbing Head - Braided line (for a partial seal during applications such as swabbing.)
 Grease Injection Head - Braided line high pressure seal.
This section deals with the stuffing box used for slickline applications. The braided line options will be covered
later in this section.
Parts of Stuffing Box and Its Functions

Sheave Wheel
Sheave diameter is determines…
Sheave Wheel Guard
The natural curling tendency of the wire forms loops as the tension is removed when the line breaks. The sheave
guard on the stuffing box is designed to trap wire, which breaks on the surface before it drops downhole.
Figure 6.4 Stuffing Box
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BOP Plunger
Most stuffing boxes contain a BOP plunger, which seals off flow in the event that the wireline breaks. Well
pressure acting on the cross-sectional area of the wire forces the wire out when the line weight is less than the
upward force. The flow causes the BOP to rise, and the rubber on the upper end deforms to seal off the well unit
the BOP / swab can be closed.
Hydraulic Packing Nut
The use of a remote hydraulic pressure activated packing nut enables the adjustment of force on the packings from
a safe distance. This feature is particularly useful when:
- The stuffing box cannot be easily reached during wireline operations.
- On high pressure wells when close proximity to a pressurized stuffing box is not advisable.
- On wells containing dangerous levels of H2S.
Injection Port
Some styles of stuffing boxes have an injection port, which can be used for the following :
- Injection of glycol or similar antifreeze in low temperature environments, or when working on high pressure
gas wells where freezing may be a problem.
- Injection of an inhibitor to protect the line in corrosive well conditions, such as H2S.
- Bleed of pressure to activate the BOP plunger if the packings have to be changed under pressure.
Lower and Upper Glands
sda
Stuffing Box Packings:
The life of the packings can be extended by keeping the line oiled while running into the well. The choice of
packings is also important. Packings are available in hard, soft, cloth filled and polyurethane. Check with your
supplier for the appropriate material for your field conditions.
Operation of Stuffing Box

Ensure that the type of stuffing box is the right specification for the pressure rating, service type and size of wire.
Before use, the following checks should be carried out:
 Check if the packings are not worn out. If the packing nut is near the lower end of its movement, there may
not be sufficient movement remaining to increase the packing compression force to maintain a seal during
wireline operations.
 Check if the sheave is the correct size for the line in use (10” for 0.092”, or 15” for 0.108”)
 Check the upper and lower brass packing glands for wear. If they are worn oversize they should be replaced,
as worn glands allow the wire to cut the packings faster.
 Check the sheave bearings for free spinning and replace the bearings if necessary.
 Check the sheave bearings for side play and replace if the side play is excessive.
 The sheave should not touch the sides of the support arms. Excessive side play also leads to a worn upper
gland and subsequent reduction in packing life.
 Check the alloy side arms for damage from side play in the sheave wheel. The complete sheave staff should
be replaced if cutting / wearing action has occurred on the inside of these arms.
 Check the sheave staff for freedom of swivel movement. It is essential that the sheave follow the wire
direction during the rig-up or wire can jump out of the groove and become damaged.
 Check if the sheave guard is tight and adjusted close to the sheave to ensure it will trap the line in the event
of a line break
 Check the BOP plunger for wear and freedom of vertical movement.
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6.2 LUBRICATORS AND PUP JOINT
The Lubricator enables wireline tool string and equipment to be inserted and removed from a
well under pressure. It is a tube with quick connections at each end. Most preferred quick
connections are integral to the lubricator body than those that are welded. The lubricator is
normally hoisted by a slickline hydraulic mast or a crane. The lowest lubricator in the slickline
pressure control stack up has a double ported to accommodate pressure gauges and for bleed off
purposes.
Determination of use of lubricator depend on the length of the tools it can accommodate the
internal diameter of the tools and downhole accessories that needs to be ran. Lubricator sizes are
based on nominal diameter, 2”, 2 ½’’, 3 ½”, 4 ½,” 5 ½” and 7”.
Pup Joint is a short lubricator with length from 2ft to 4 ft.
There are different lubricators and usually based on their connection. Most common connection
are;
 BOWEN
 OTIS
The above connections are called ‘Quick Unions’. An O-ring on the pin section forms the seal
when made up into the box. The collar has an internal ACME thread to match the external
thread on the box. This thread makes up quickly by hand and should be kept clean. The O-ring
should be thoroughly inspected for damage, replace if necessary, before use. A light film of oil
(or grease) helps to make up the union and prevent damage to the O-ring as the connections are
made up.
When the collar is made up, it should be backed off approximately one quarter turn to
eliminate any possibility of it sticking due to friction when it is removed. Figure 6.2
Important
Pipe wrenches, chain tongs, or hammers, should never be used to loosen the collar of the
union. If it cannot be turned by hand, precautions must be taken to make sure that the well
pressure has been completely released.
Rock the lubricator to ensure it is perfectly straight will assist in loosening the quick union.
Figure 6.3.1 Otis type Quick Union Figure 6.3.2 Bowen type Quick Union
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6.3 QUICK TEST SUBS
The Quick Test Sub is designed to save rig time while pressure test the Wireline or
Coiled Tubing pressure control equipment string when multiple runs are required.
The Quick Test Sub is inserted either above/below the wireline/coiled tubing valve
at the position of the joint normally opened to insert and retrieve tools from the
well. After performing the first pressure test to check the integrity of the whole
string, subsequent pressure tests can be made using the Quick Test Sub to verify
the integrity of the joint disconnected, rather than having the whole assembly tested
Features and Benefits:

In-Site Pressure Test Sub is available for all diameter, pressure rating and service.
Suitable quick union for wireline operations, or flanged for coiled tubing and
geothermal applications
6.4 BLOW UP PREVENTORS Figure 6.4 Quick Test

A wireline BOP (also known as wireline valve) is installed between the tree Sub
connection and lower lubricator section. Under normal working circumstances it is
not actually used, but it cannot be installed later with wire in the hole and pressure in the lubricator.
BOP shall be open and close remotely using hydraulic control system that can be operated during emergency
situation securing the well when the tools stuck with wire. BOP provides secondary barrier during tool change out.
BOP holds pressure only in one direction.
It must be included in all rig ups. The only exceptions to the BOP being next to the tree connection are:
(i)When installing / retrieving BPV’s (Back Pressure Valves) and there is a possibility of the tool string remaining
across the Xmas tree valves, the BOP’s can then be mounted above the lower lubricator section. Check that this
provides sufficient length to close the rams on the wire, i.e above the rope socket.
(ii)When running / pulling an SCSSV or a wireline retrievable BPV, the BOP can be positioned above the first
section of the lubricator. Alternatively, a second BOP can be placed immediately below the stuffing box. This
provides a means of isolating the well pressure and recovering the tools if the wire breaks at the rope socket and
the tools drop across the Xmas valves.
Purpose of BOP
 To enable the well pressure to be isolated without cutting the wire by closing the master valve.
 To permit the assembly of the wireline cutter above the BOP rams.
 To permit the dropping of a wireline cutter if the tool string becomes stuck in a well.
 To permit the ‘stripping’ of the wire through closed rams, only when necessary.
BOP Configuration
Single - Installed between the tree connection and lower lubricator:
Dual - Double or twin ram BOP’s are primarily used with braided line. Usually hydraulic, it is
generally a single casing containing 2 pairs of rams. 2 single BOP’s can be used one
above the other, but this configuration is not as convenient as a one-piece unit. To obtain a seal
against braided line, a grease injection point is provided between the 2 sets of rams.
Multiple - For high pressure gas wells, a third BOP is advisable. The lowest set of rams with the
pressure above. Grease injected above these rams will be contained and form an
efficient seal.
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Ram Types
Slickline Blind - (0.092”, .105” .108”, 0.125”) use blind rams with rubber inserts on the sealing faces
to seal with or without wire across the rams.
Braided line - (3/16”,1/4” or conductor cable) use rams with a semi-circular groove in the seals to
match the line diameter seal with or without wire across the rams.
Shear/Seal Ram - rams used to cut wire and seal thereafter.
Operation of BOP
Equalizing
All BOP’s have a means of equalizing the pressure below the closed rams with the pressure above. A pressure
differential acting on the cross-section of the rams creates a force that makes opening the rams extremely difficult.
Attempting to open the rams without equalizing may result in internal damage.
Always check that the equalizing assembly is correctly installed. The Allen screw should be on the high pressure
side of the rams. i.e. downwards. Some older designs allowed the equalizing assembly to be installed upside down,
which could prevent equalizing and cause the BOP to be inverted.
Keep the equalizing valve closed so that in an emergency the BOP will hold pressure as soon as the rams are
closed. If this valve is in the ‘open’ position, it will have to be closed manually before the well pressure will be
contained. The additional time required may be critical in an emergency.
Testing
All types of BOP’s should be tested in the workshop on a regular basis to determine whether it suits field
conditions. Test methods shall comply with the client pressure control guidelines when available. The following
are test criteria for the BOP.
 With the rams open - Pressure to 150% of the working pressure.
 With the rams closed - Pressure to 100% of the working pressure to test the ram seal
against the wire diameter. A test rod * of the same size as the wire to
be used should be inserted between the rams.
Remember the BOP is a safety device for use in an emergency, and it is the responsibility of the operator to ensure
that it is in perfect working order at all times.
Caution: Ensure the rod has an enlarged diameter below the ram to prevent it from being “blown out” during
testing.
Figure 6.5 Schematic Diagram of Blowout Preventer (BOP)
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(a) (b)
(c)
Figure 6.6 (a) Single, Hydraulic BOP ,(b) Dual, Hydraulic BOP ,(c) Triple, Hydraulic BOP
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6.5 PUMP IN TEE (PUMP IN SUB)
The PUMP-IN Subs are designed to provide a large flow fluid entry path into the pressure control equipment
(PCE) for hydrostatic testing, or for pumping fluid into the well.
Pump in Subs can be supplied to suit any application, with either quick union connections or flanges. The inlet
ports are usually 2.00″ 1502 Weco type for 10,000psi and below, or 2.00″ 2202 Weco type for above 10,000psi.
6.6 TOOL TRAP

Tool Trap is designed to stop wireline tools from falling back down the well should the wireline accidently break
at the Rope Socket when pulling back into the Lubricator. Hydraulic actuation is required to open the flappers
prior to running downhole. Once the toolstring has passed; the sleeve is returned hydraulically to its first position,
allowing the flappers to close. When returning to the lubricator, the flappers automatically hinge open to receive
the toolstring from falling down hole.
Tool traps are manufactured with quick unions for easy installation within the Lubricator Package.
6.7 TOOL CATCHER

Tools Catcher is designed to engage the Rope Socket of any tool string that accidently collides with the Stuffing
Box and strips the wireline from within the Rope socket. It will prevent the tool string from falling down hole.
The Tool Catcher is released hydraulically by utilizing a hand pump.
Figure 6.7 Tool Catcher
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6.8 SPECIAL APPLICATION VALVES
Shear Seal Valves
Shear and seal valves are special application valves that shear slickline wires below BOP. This will simplify the
BOP stack and still comply PCE double bariier stackup.
Working Valves
Tese are working valves installed above the X-Mas tree swab valve. Some well owners does not allow the X-Mas
Tree swab valves to be used during slicklne operations. Normally well owner will allow the X-Mas tree swab
valves to be used as working valves and even utilise to cut slicklone whne needed.
6.9 BOP HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT

BOP hydraulic control uunt controls the opening and closing of rams of the blow out preventers. The BOP control
not sometimes mounted on the slcikline winch panel and otther are a separate unit.
Is is equioment with hydraulic accumulator tank that allows clusre of the BOP on emergency situation.
6.10 WELLHEAD X-OVERS AND ADAPTORS

Tree Connections are required as a ‘crossover’ between the Xmas tree and quick connection pin on the
lower side of the BOP.
There are a significant number of different designs required to match the various trees available, however
the main types only are shown here:
 Threaded
 Unibolt
 Quick Union
Refer to Figure 6.7 - 8 Types
Figure 6.8
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6.11 PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT ACCESSORIES
6.11.1 Lubricator Dolly
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6.11.2 Test Cap and Test Plug
Lifting Test Plug is multipurpose equipment used to pressure test and lifting component. It provides a safety mean
of Capping-off a WLV remaining on a well head. Integrated eye offers a mean of connection to the lifting device.
6.11.3 C-Spanner
C-spanner is a kind of Assembly /disassembly tool for quick union collar.
6.11.4 Lifting Clamp

Lifting Clamps are used in a wide range of size suitable for lifting lubricators and surfaces pressure control
equipment in a safe and controlled manner.
6.11.5 Hand Pumps

Hand pumps are provided to control the stuffng box packing element. The pump pressure will squeeze the packing
element to provide more seal in case the packing seal leaks.
Figure 6.9 Pressure Control Equipment Accessories
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7 SLICKLINE WIRE
Slickline wire is a solid single strand wire where the slickline tools are attached and the end and the means of
conveyance of the tool to run in and out of the well. This is spooled over the winch unit drum. The sizes of
slickline wires in most common use is 0.092”, 0.108” and 0.125” diameter. Diameters of 0.140”, 0.160” are also
available but not in common use. Solid wirelines are manufactured at the drawing mills in one-piece lengths of
21,000 and 25,000 feet.
There are several types of wires depending on the type of job and the type of well to run in. The use of wire is
dependent on the required pulling weights and the condition of the well with regards to its CO2 and H2S content.
Temperature and pressure also influence type of wire to be used. Common wire types are;
Carbon Steel – Carbon steel wire are used for non H2S wells. The most popular API Carbon Steel for wireline is
Improved Plow Steel (IPS) because of its high ultimate tensile strength, good ductility, and relatively low cost.
Experience indicates that improved plow steel usually performs better than the more expensive special steel lines,
even in corrosive conditions when used with an inhibitor for high loads and long service. For ‘sour wells’ IPS can
be used with an inhibitor for high loads and short operating time.
Alloy Steel – Alloy steel has different grades and are resistant to H2S and CO2 that some well contain that can
result to wire damage affecting its chemical composition and will result to the mechanical performance of the wire.
The mechanical properties of the wire such as breaking loads depends on their manufacturer and alloy composition
of the wire
7.1 PROPERTIES OF SLICKLINE WIRE

There are two main properties of the slickline –Mechanical and Chemical.
Mechanical Properties – these properties refer to the size of wire and strength based on the tension and resistance
to torsional forces.
- Wire Diameter (Inches or Millimeter)
- Maximum Breaking Load (Pound-force or Kilonewton)
- Weight per unit (lbs per 1000 ft or kg per meter)
Chemical Properties – wire is composed of different combination of metals. These combinations of elements
allow the wire to resist exposure to different types of corrosive environment and is very important to consider
when selecting a wire for wireline operations. Typical chemical composition of wires is listed below taking Carbon
Steel as example. Other wire will have different element values.
Table 7.1 Chemical Composition Properties of Carbon Steel
C Si Mn S P Cr Ni Mo Cu N W Fe
Min 0.56 0.15 0.40 - - - - - - - - Bal
Max 0.85 0.35 0.80 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.12
C (Carbon), Si (Silica), Mn (Manganese), S (Sulfur), P Phosphorous), Cr (Chromium), Ni (Nickel), Mo (Molybdinum),
Cu (Copper), N (Nitrogen), W (Tungsten), Fe (Iron)
7.2 WIRELINE FAILURES

The majority of wireline failure is attributed to incorrect material selection or operational error, and generally falls
into the following 10 categories:
Hydrogen Embrittlement
This may occur when the wireline is exposed to H2S or CO 2 release atomic hydrogen, H (CO 2 by reacting with
H2O to form carbonic Acid + H), which enters the steel and effectively ‘locks’ the micro structure, this increasing
the tensile strength of the wire but reducing the torsional ductility. As the wire is withdrawn from the well it is
brittle, prone to surface cracking as it bends over the pulleys.
After removal from the well environment then, eventually the hydrogen leaves the steel and reverts back into the
atmosphere. However, any micro-cracks incurred from the well, may cause premature failure during subsequent
operations.
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Age Hardening
This is a time-temperature dependent transformation potentially affecting UHT wireline due to their high internal
stresses. It is known that UHT wireline is susceptible to age hardening at elevated temperatures, which is why our
wire drawing machines are internally water cooled and the temperature is carefully monitored.
Ageing has a similar effect on the wire as hydrogen embrittlement. (i.e. The tensile strength increases, but the
torsional ductility is severely impaired.)
Fatigue
This type of failure is often encountered when operating wireline with small pulley diameters. It is recommended
to use a pulley with wireline diameter ratio of 120:1 to ensure a reasonable fatigue life at normal working loads. It
has been shown that under laboratory conditions, increasing the pulley diameter from 8” to 14” increases the
fatigue life of a 0.108” diameter Supa 70 wireline loaded to a 25% of its breaking load from 4,800 to 8,000 (i.e. by
65%).
It is advisable to cut back the lengths of wire to avoid localized fatigue when operating at fixed depths.
Corrosion
This may occur down well or in storage if the (plain carbon) wireline is not cleaned after use.
Corrosion Fatigue
This occurs when there is a combination of a corrosive environment and fatigue conditions
Stress Corrosion
This is a potential hazard when operating stainless wireline under heavy loads in a chloride environment. The
combination of an aggressive environment and high stresses may cause catastrophic premature failure.
Tension Overload
This is often experienced during heavy jarring. As explained earlier, the instantaneous shock load applied is not
registered by the weight indicator and consequently, the wireline is overloaded. We recommend a safe working
load of 70% of the breaking load of the wire.
Snarl
This occurs when the wire is bent and twisted at one point (i.e. when a kink forms under loss of tension during re-
spooling).
Mechanical Damage
This can occur in many ways (e.g. running off a pulley, jarring in a pulley, pinching in guide rollers, or crushing of
the reel).
Hydrodynamic Deformation
A number of wirelines have been returned for investigation exhibiting ‘thinning’ over a short length of wire. Our
examination has shown that this thinning has occurred by some form of deformation process and not by scraping
or wear. No tensile test has been known to produce this effect, and indeed it is not possible to reproduce this effect
in pure tension under normal conditions of temperature and pressure.
Recent research has provided a theoretical model by which failure of this nature could be explained.
It has been shown that the wire can be deformed by up to 30% reduction in area, by passing it through a molten
polymer filled tapered tube of slightly larger diameter than the wire.
As the wire is pulled through the tube, shearing take the place at the wire polymer interface. This shearing action
gives rise to a drag force, which generates hydrodynamic pressures of sufficient magnitude (typical 45,000 psi) to
deform the wire.
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7.3 INSPECTION AND TESTING
7.3.1 Visual Inspection
Visual checking must be done frequently throughout the whole operation stages. Visual checks should also be
done on other related slickline equipment such as the hay pulley and stuffing box. Make sure the equipment is
operating as designed.
Below are notable observation that indicate loss of mechanical properties.

- diameter of coils when the wire is laid out should match approximately to the diameter of the wire on the
drum. If the wire does not show ‘normal’ coils, then it indicates that the wire has lost its mechanical
properties.
- If the wire looks ‘limp’ or ‘slack’ and lays out flat and straight and does not resemble any spring like
characteristics.
- Wire with rough surface, exhibits flaking, discoloration or changes in surface appearance
7.3.2 Tensile
A sample of wire is pulled to determine the breaking strain of the wire, this type of test is suitable for both API 9A
and alloy wires. Tensile testing can be used for any grade or variety of Slickline wire. This method of testing will
provide a definitive and accurate minimum breaking load (MBL) of the wire which can be compared to the
manufacturer’s data sheet. If the test piece breaks below the manufacturer’s MBL, then the test must be rejected,
and wire cut off and a new test made.
A sample of wireline cut from the end of the line should be tensile tested at periodic intervals. The testing
frequency will vary with local conditions – work load applied to the line, well fluids location (sand or salt water),
line material etc. The objective is to identify potentially weak or damage line before it breaks in the well.
Several types of tensile testers are available, and they can be manually operated or hydraulic, as per the schematic
shown below. They hold a length of the line sample to be tested between a fixed and movable point. As the
distance between the points is increased, tension is applied to the line until the Ultimate Tensile Stress (UTS) is
reached and the line parts. A display device such as a dial or an electronic strain gauge, displays the force at which
the sample failed.
The value should be similar to the specifications for that particular size and type of line.
Figure 7.1 shows a hydraulic slickline tester
Figure 7.9 Hydraulic Slickline tester
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7.3.3 Torsion Testing
The torsion test is a valuable method of determining the condition of the line. Carbon steel lines should reach the
number of complete turns in chart below before failing. There are different fracture grades of the failed sample and
are defined in the following section.
Torsion test is conducted on IPS (Improved Plough Steel) API 9A wires. A sample length of wire is twisted along
its length and the number of twists are counted. For each wire size there is a set number of torsions. The wire
manufacturers’ data sheet will provide the correct information on the number of turns for the specific slickline
wire. Manufacturers publish the number of turns or torsions a Slickline wire should achieve before failure. If the
wire test piece does not achieve the number of turns, it has failed the test. Cut back the wire on the drum and repeat
the test.
Note: Stainless steel alloys have a very low resistance to twist testing, refer to manufacturer’s acceptance criteria
on acceptance on number of twists.
This test can also be applied in the field by gripping a sample of line in a vice and, leaving 8” free, form a handle
‘grip’ to twist the line and count the number of complete turns.
Below is the torsion tester apparatus
Figure 7.10 Torsion tester equipment
GRADE 1 FRACTURES without Secondary Breaks

The torsioned test piece should show no evidence of spiral spitting along its length and should contain a single,
ductile, primary fracture which is perfectly square ended. A wireline exhibiting this type of fracture characteristic
would be considered of suitable quality for further use, unless the numbers of twists to failure are very low (e.g.,
30% of the API 9A value) the line should be discarded.
GRADE 1 FRACTURES with Secondary Breaks
It is possible, during torsion testing of wireline exhibiting exceptionally high tensile strength values, to experience
secondary wire breaks which feature stepped or helical fracture faces. These breaks are recoil fractures and are
induced by the instantaneous release of stored energy in the wire when the primary fracture occurs. Although such
breaks indicate a marginal reduction in wireline ductility, their presence can be discounted. The wire quality being
dictated by the characteristic of the primary fracture.
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GRADE 2 FRACTURES
The torsioned test piece may show evidence of waviness and the presence of slight splitting along its length. The
primary fracture, whilst preferably square ended, may be slightly stepped. Secondary recoil fractures may be
present. This type of primary fracture is acceptable but is usually associated with a reduced number of twists to
failure indicating a reduction in wireline ductility. A wireline exhibiting such fracture characteristics would
generally be considered suitable for limited further service provided number of twists to failure exceeded say 60%
of the API9A value, and provided ductility tests were carried out after each operation.
GRADE 3 FRACTURES
The torsioned test piece may show evidence of uneven localized twisting. Spiral splitting and waviness is
invariably present, and the primary fracture will exhibit severely stepped or helical fracture faces. Secondary,
recoil fractures are uncommon. This type of failure is unacceptable and is usually associated with a low number of
twists to failure. A wireline exhibiting such torsional characteristics should be discarded immediately.
It is a good work practice to cut and discard 50 m of wireline each time a new knot is made.
7.3.4 Wrap Test

Wrap test is conducted on Alloy steel wire. Ductility test is also known as a wrap testing and involves wrapping a
wire around a straight length of itself. Careful inspection and evaluation of the wraps after the test will indicate if
the wire condition is suitable for continued use. A wrap test will give a better indication of ductility for stainless
steels, in general a minimum of 8 wraps without any indication of cracks, surface marks or damage. Refer to
manufacturer data sheets for wrap test requirements of other wires.
Figure 7.11 Wrap Test
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7.4 THE BRAIDED LINE
Multi strand wireline is used for ‘heavy’ fishing jobs and swabbing operations. Because of the additional force
created by the well pressure acting on the larger cross-sectional area, a well is sometimes killed before the fishing
job is attempted. The most common size of wire used is 3/ 16”, with use of ¼” and 5/16” for heavy duty
applications.
Refer to Figure 7.4 Type.
Figure 7.12
Figure 7.13
7.5 SPOOLING WIRELINE.

One of the most important tasks prior spooling to be started is to check the wire and winch drum are clearly
identified. Ensure that the winch drum is suitable for the wire to be spooled in.
The wire shall be spooled in accordance with SCOL Spooling Procedure SCOL-RMO-SP-001.
Spooling Report
A spooling report should be prepared and added to the wire history file. The spooling report will include the
following spooling data:
 Spooling date
 Slickline ID (this number shall be SCOL PO Number_ Mill Certificate Number)
 Wire type and size
 Winch number
 Previous winch (when respooled from other winch – not applicable for new wire)
 Spooling tensions
 Wire final length
 Wire Test Report
Note: WireRight® report, when available, shall be kept in the file of the slickline ID. Wire right is a spooling
tool to verify consistency of wire OD, detects kinks and other deformities.
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It is important to spool the new line correctly.
A. Tension - Approximately 300 lbs (150 kgs) of tension is recommended
During the Spooling, to prevent the line ‘cutting’ down into the drum under load when in use.
B. ‘Bedding Layers’ - Carefully aligned wraps of wire are recommended to provide a firm Base give an indication
of the wire low level.
C. Curvature - The natural curve of the line, as shipped, should be maintained as it is spooled into the drum.
Refer to Figure 7.6 for correct Spooling Method
Figure 7.14 Spooling Method
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8 SLICKLINE ACCESORIES
8.1 WEIGHT INDICATOR
The Weight Indicator is a completely sealed hydraulic system.
The sensing load cell is attached to the Xmas tree by a chain,
and a heavy-duty hose carries the pressure generated to the
fluid filled pressure gauge, which is calibrated in lbs, kgs, (or
kN at some Shell locations).
The load cell is provided with eye connections on one side to

attach to the hay pulley, and on the other for
the Xmas tree forming a pull at 90º. The system is calibrated
to this right angle pull and accuracy will be
slightly affected if this angle is not true, but the sensitivity of
the system is always maintained.
The gauge is a 6” fluid filled instrument which can be

fastened on the wireline winch. A damper is provided on the
gauge to set the pointer motion to the required sensitivity. The
fluid filled case eliminates severe vibrations and also
lubricates and protects the working parts.
If fluid leaks out of the system, the plates of the load cell will Figure 8.1 Weight Indicator
close. If this occurs, the reading on the gauge will be incorrect
and if the plates close sufficiently to touch, the gauge will no longer show the actual line tension. It is possible to
pull the line to its break point without realizing the true load. The gap should be approximately 3/16”.
Check this gap before and during wireline operations.
In addition to preventing the overloading of the wireline, the weight indicator will also show changes in tension
due to:
(i) Fluid level or changes in fluid density.

(ii) Jar action.
(iii) The position of the downhole equipment.
A different Martin Decker weight indicator is used for 3/16” line because of the higher pull which can be exerted.
The load cell for this instrument has a smaller cross-sectional area in the diaphragm and is matched to the higher
range dial (gauge). The gauge / load cell cannot be interchanged.
Dial Marking
Maximum loading - Standard = 2.000 lbs 1.000 kgs

3/16” Unit = 4.000 lbs 2.000 kgs
Caution: Do not crush or cut the hose.
Note: Electronic strain gauges are available as alternate types of weight indicators but are not in such common
use as the above hydraulic type.
C. Some counter assemblies have an in-built weight indicator. These eliminates the need for a long hose. The
principle of operation is exactly the same as the weight indicator above.
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Installation Position of the Standard Weight Indicator Assembly.
Refer to Figure 8.2 for Ideal installation Position of the Standard Weight Indicator
Figure 8.2 Installation Position for Standard

Weight Indicator
Actual positions vary in different angles; therefore, it is necessary to correct the line force application.
The correction factor is applied to the indicated weight to obtain true weight on the wire. E.g. : With a wire angle
at the hey pulley of 120; the weight indicator reads 800 kg.
Correction factor for 120 = 0.7

Ft (force on the wire) = 800/ 0.7
Actual Line Force = 1143 kg
Correction Factor
Figure 8.3 Correction Factor graph
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8.2 HAY PULLEY
Wireline sheaves, known as ‘Hay Pulleys’ in the smaller slickline sizes, are an essential part of a wireline rig-up.
They are used to bring the wireline down from the stuffing box, horizontally to the wireline winch drum. The wire
should be parallel to the lubricator to reduce side loading and resulting bending stresses on the tree connection.
Ideally the wire should form a 90º angle * at the pulley, but some location constraints make this difficult.
* The 90º degree angle is important to provide and accurate reading of the line tension
on the weight indicator. Refer to the “Weight Indicator Section” for further details.
It is hooked directly onto the eye in the weight indicator sensor.

The hole in the frame of the hay pulley is to permit a line wiper attachment to be fitted to apply lubricant corrosion
inhibitor.
Always install with locking pin ‘up’, to prevent the pin vibrating down and unlocking the hay pulley if the pin
spring is weak.
The size of the hay pulley must be at least the minimum recommended for the line diameter and type in use.
The larger diameter sheaves require a frame to prevent them from toppling over as they drop when the line tension
is reduced.
Refer to Table 8.1 for sizes
Table 8.2 Pulley size chart

MINMUM RECOMMENDED PULLEY DIAMATER
(INCHES) (INCHES)
0.092 11.25
0.108 13.00
3/16 12.00
¼ 16.00
3/16 20.00
Figure 8.15.1 7” Hay Pulley Figure 8.4.2 13” Hay Pulley
Figure 8.16.1 15” Hay Pulley Figure 8.5.2 14” McKissick Sheave
for Braided Line
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8.3 WIRELINE CLAMP
The Wireline Clamp is used to grip the wire to the lubricator while raising or lowering it, or during operations
when the weight has to be taken off the wireline unit (such as re-zeroing the weight indicator or hanging off the
tools for an extended period).
The Clamp is usually fastened to a bleed off valve, located on the lower most lubricator section by means of a
short chain or wire sling.
Take care not to kink the wire at any point during the rig-up, as this will cause a weak point, which may break or
stick in the stuffing box.
Refer to Figure 8.6 to understand the function.
Figure 8.6 Wireline Clamp
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8.4 WIRELINE COUNTER
The Wireline Counter or odometer is an essential component which accurately displays the depth of the wireline
tools, as they are run into the well. They are available in meters or feet. The odometer reads one meter for 1.6
revolutions of a counter wheel with slot outside diameter based on wire size. It reads one foot for 0.5 revolution of
a counter wheel with a slot outside diameter based on wire size.
Refer to Figure 8.7 for slickline and Figure 8.8 for braided line.
Figure 8.17 Slickline
Before use check the following:

(i) The counter wheel is free to rotate.
(ii) Rotation is being transmitted freely to the odometer.
(iii) The direction of rotation is correct.
(iv) The cable is not kinked.
(v) The odometer is fully re-engaged after zeroing.
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For braided line, the above is common.
A weight indicator is often incorporated to measure the deflection force on the middle sheave.
It is essential that the counter wheel match the line diameter in use. A wheel of the incorrect diameter or a worn
wheel, will give an unacceptable accumulated error especially in deep wells.
Refer to Figure III - 26, Figure III - 27 and Figure III - 28 for various size counter wheel for different wire sizes.
Figure 8.18 Braided Line
A similar mechanism is thought to occur under certain circumstances when operating a wireline
(e.g. during heavy jarring). The stuffing box (basically a chamber containing tightly packed glands and pressurised
grease) may act under certain combinations of wire velocity and axial load as the tapered tube in the theoretical
model outlined above, with the rubber performing the same function as the molten polymer.
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9 DOWNHOLE TOOLS AND ASSEMBLIES
9.1 THE FISHING NECKS
The common Feature
Figure 9.1 shows the Latch Recess Comparison.
Figure 9.1
Standard Fishing Neck Dimension
1. External Fishing Neck (Inches)

Table 9.3 External Fishing Neck specification
Tool string Diameter ‘A’ Diameter ‘B’
Size Max Min Max Min
(Nominal)
¾ 0.750 0.740 0.630 0.620
1 1.000 0.990 0.880 0.870
1¼ 1.187 1.177 1.060 1.030
1½ 1.375 1.365 1.190 1.160
1 7/8 1.750 1.740 1.500 1.470
2 1/8 1.750 1.740 1.500 1.470
2½ 2.313 2.303 2.060 2.030
Figure 9.2 External Fishing neck type
2. Internal Fishing Neck (Inches)

Table 9.2 Internal Fishing Neck specification
Tool string Diameter ‘A’ Diameter ‘B’

Size Max Min Max Min
(Nominal)
2.062 1.06 1.08 1.22 1.24
12 3/8 1.38 1.40 1.57 1.59
2 7/8 1.81 1.83 2.00 2.02
3½ 2.31 2.33 2.50 2.52
Figure 9.3 Internal Fishing Neck

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9.2 TOOLSTRING CONNECTIONS
Sucker Rod Threads
The traditional means of connecting the tool string components are the Sucker Rod Threads (SRT) used to connect
sucker rods in beam pumping wells. The main sizes are detailed below.
SRT connections are susceptible to damage from:
 Direct damage in the toolbox if inadequately protected.

 Corrosion if not protected. Copper based lubricants (or similar) provide good protection,
 Overtightening with pipe wrenches and ‘cheater’ pipes.
Additional damage can occur around the fishing neck and wrench area from the wrench jaws.
Pin (b) Box
(c) Thread Detail
Figure 9.4 Sucker Rod Thread
Table 9.4 Sucker Rod Thread Specification

Size A B C(Nominal) E F M U
5 1.125” 1.375” 15 0.995” 1.29” 0.830” 5
” 0.9362” ( ) 1 ”
8 16 8
3 1.375” 1.500” 1 1.080” 1.54” 0.955” 7
” 1.0611” (1 ) 1 ”
4 16 8
1” * 1.750” 2.000” 3 1.393” 1.94” 1.267” 3
1.3735” (1 ) 2 ”
8 8
1 2.000” 2.250” 9 1.580” 2.19” 1.455” 5
1 ” 1.5609” (1 ) 2 ”
8 16 8
* Not in common use

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QLS Petroline Quick Lock
A faster method of connecting tool string components is available using

the ‘Quick Lock Connection’.
One of the types currently on the market is the Petro line ‘QLS’ type
shown here.
To Connect
The components are pushed together and rotated 90º. One engaged, the
spring-loaded ‘blade’ prevents rotation and release.
To Release
The blade is retracted by using a punch as shown or by hand on some
designs, and the male connection is then rotated 90º and released.
Advantages
 Speed of the tool string assembly.
 Rapid changing of the tools for each run.

Figure 9.5 QLS Quick Lock
 Higher strength than sucker rod connections
 Wrenches no longer needed to make up/break-out the tools, therefore no sharp burrs, damage to tools, or
risk of damage to hands.
 Prevent possibility of unscrewing downhole.
Refer to Table 9.3 for Strength Connection
Table 9.5 Strength Connection Table

Thread/ QLS Design Design Shear Strength Ultimate Tensile
Tensile Yield Strength
Strength
(lbs) (lbs) (lbs)
15 46,352 67,684 71,076
” – 10 SRT
16
1 62,019 78,291 95,100
1 ” – 10 SRT
16
9 147,661 193,862 226,422
1 ” – 10 SRT
16
1.00”– 12UN 56,799 119,719 87,096
(1 ½” - QLS Stem Connection
31.80mm -16 UN 90,290 145,790 138,451
7
(1 ” QLS Stem Connection)
8
1
8
39.80mm – 12 UN 152,222 329,798 233,418
11
16
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2.00” – 12 UN 256,144 421,472 392,773
11
16
1 ½” QLS 49,718 59,266 76,238
7 1 76,783 73,367 117,740
1 ” and 2 ” QLS
8 8
2 ½ ” QLS 125,404 137,963 192,295
11 154,222 191,260 236,485
2 ” QLS
16
Notes:
1. The information contained in this document has been derived from purely considering theoretical tensile and
shear calculations. It takes no account of fatigue or bending stresses, and also has no derivation from test results.
2. Material yield value is taken as 91,300 psi. (This results in a 1.2 FOS).
3. Material shear stress is taken as 45,650 psi. (This results in a 1.2 FOS)
4. Material ultimate tensile stress is taken as 140,000 psi.
9.3 TOOLSTRING CROSSOVERS

Used To Connect Tools Of Different Thread Size.
15/16” Pin thread to 1 1/16” Box Thread.
It connects a 1 1/2” outside diameter tool string, having 15/16” standard threads, to a 1 1/16” pin thread tools.
Note: The body outside diameter is 1.75”
Refer to Figure 9.6 for 15/16” x 1 1/16” Pin X Box Crossover Feature.
Figure 9.6 15/16'' Thread Pin Sucker Rod and 1 1/16'' Box Sucker Rod
1 1/16” pin thread to 15/16” Box thread
It connects a 1 7/8” and 2 1/8” outside diameter tool string, having 1 1/16” standard threads to a 15/16” pin thread
tools.
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Refer to Figure 9.7 for 1 1/16” x 15/16” Pin x Box Crossover Feature.
Figure 9.7 1 1/16'' Thread Pin Sucker Rod and 15/16'' Box Sucker Rod
9.4 BASIC TOOLSTRING

- Tools connected together that is actuated by Wireline from the Surface, in order to produce impact forces.
- It is the working method of providing mechanical output in two directions.
First is dropping it by gravity that produces downward force and the second is pulling it fast that produces upward
force.
The basic tool string components are shown here.
The diameters in most common use are 1 1/2” and 1 7/8”, but tool string components are also available in 1”, 1
1/4”, 2 1/8”, and 2 1/2” diameters.
Rope Socket - Provides a link with the wireline.

Swivel Joint - Attached between the rope socket and stem if required.
Stem - To add weight. /mass to the tool string to overcome well pressure and friction, and provide impact
downhole.
Mechanical Jar - To provide a means of generating impact.
Knuckle Joint - Provides Flexibility of Tools.
9.4.1 Rope Sockets - Regular Knot Type

The Rope Socket is required to make the connection between the wireline and tool string.
Types in most common use:
Types in most common use:

 0.092” regular knot type.
 0.092”/0.105”/0.108”/0.125” No-knot type (teardrop)
 3/16” braided.
1. 0.092” Regular Knot Type
Preparation Procedure
2.
3. Always wear gloves when tying the wire and take care of the springy sharp ends.
4.
5. Pass the end of the wire through the stuffing box, then pass the end of the wire through the
6. wireline socket body, spring and spring support. Place the disc in a vice and run the wire down between the
jaws behind the disc, then bend the end of the wire into a loop to form a handle that will be comfortable to
grip. The disc should contact the wire approximately 10” or 12” from the loop. Grip the long end of the wire
(the end connected to the drum) by wrapping it around your left forearm (if right-handed) and the handle
with your right hand.
7.
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8. Now holding the wire taut, start bending the wire about the disc (a). The wire should go around the disc
once, then be wrapped around itself making sure there is a minimum of slack in the wire when starting to
wrap. These wraps should be made smooth and even and should hug the wire closely with the coils touching
one another. Continue wrapping in this manner until about 12 coils are made.
9.
10. Now move the wire in the direction shown in order to twist off the free end (b). Be careful to keep the loop
pointed in the same direction or slightly twisted during this part of the operation, so that the torque is focused
on the end of the last coil. The wire should twist off cleanly presenting a neater appearance and should be a
far better job than could be accomplished with a file or other tools (c).
11. Place the disc crosswise in the vice or pliers and straighten the knot as well as possible. Now using the wire,
pull the knot into the socket and check to see that the socket swivels freely. The socket is now ready to be
attached to the upper end of a stem.
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Figure 9.8 Knot Making Procedure
9.4.2 Rope Socket - Teardrop Type
2. The ‘No-Knot’ Type Rope Socket (also called a ‘teardrop’ or ‘wedge’ type) is designed for 0.105 0.108” and
0.125” slickline. While it can be also used for 0.092”, the knot type is more common for the thinner wire.
Description
The standard body has an internal taper to accept the thimble, however a thimble eye is available to convert the
older style of rope socket.
The end of the wire is bent to fit the curve at the bottom of the ‘teardrop’, with the ‘short’ side slightly shorter than
the side of the thimble.
The groove in the thimble of these sockets is not deep enough to accommodate the total thickness of the wireline.
As the security of the wireline depends upon its being ‘pinched’ between the thimble and body, care must be taken
to ensure the correct size of socket is selected for the
wireline in use.
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Important:
As the internal components of the teardrop rope socket do not permit the wire to rotate, it is essential to
include a swivel immediately below the rope socket.
Do not substitute a knuckle joint in place of a swivel. A swivel has 1-1/2º to 5º of lateral movement, where a
knuckle is not designed to rotate under load and has 15ºof lateral movement. In the event of it being
necessary to fish the rope socket, a knuckle joint will allow it to lay over against the side of the tubing wall
at an angle which may make latching difficult / impossible.
* No-Knot Type (Teardrop):
Refer to Figure 9.9.1 for Rope Socket No Knot Types.
The internal profile is tapered to fit the slip as in figure 9.9.2.
However, the knot type can be converted to no knot type by using a tapered thimble eye and slip as in figure
9.9.1.
Figure 9.19.1 No-Knot Rope Socket: Converted Figure 9.3.2 No-Knot Rope Socket
from knot type with thimble eye
9.4.3 Braided Line Rope Socket.
Slip Type Braided Line Socket
This design is available for braided line up to 5/16” diameter.
There are 2 types of slip – The overload release type and the plain.
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The overload type is designed to cause the line to break under severe loading at a specific percentage of the full
strength of the line. Five breaking strength slips are available for 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% of line strength.
The plain type is designed much the same as the overload type, except that it does not have the overload release
feature.
Experience indicates that the line will usually break near the top end of these slips at approximately 90% of the
breaking strength of the line.
Refer to Figure 9.10 for the Functional Understanding
Figure 9.10 Braided Line Rope Socket
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9.4.4 Swivel Joint
Always use a swivel between this rope socket and the stem to provide the
rotating action. Tool strings tend to twist as you run in the hole and if a
swivel is not used, this rotation is transferred to the wire causing additional
strain and the potential to unwrap or open up the braided wire strands.
The Swivel is designed with a bearing to permit the easy rotation of the tool
string, even under loads as tools move in/out of the well.
It is essential to use a swivel between the rope socket and stem to prevent
twisting of the line in the following tool strings:
(i) When using a ‘no-knot’ type rope socket, as this design does not allow
the internal rotation of the components.
(ii) When using a braided line rope socket, a swivel prevents the tool rotation
being transferred to the line. Twisting force on braided line can cause the
braid to unwrap or open up, which can lead to a broken strand or jamming in
the flow tubes.
The sideways movement of a swivel varies from 11/2º to 5º, (depending on

the manufacturer) so it is not as suitable as a knuckle joint which has 15º of
movement.
Figure 9.11 Special movement
In the event of a line brake, the swivel will keep the rope socket fishing neck features of Swivel
near straight and make latching possible. If a knuckle joint has been used in place of a swivel, it allows the rope
socket to ‘fall over’ making latching difficult. Knuckle joints are not designed to rotate under load.
Swivels and knuckle joints are not interchangeable.
9.4.5 tem – Standard Type

Sometimes referred to as ‘sinker bar’, the Stem provides weight to the tool string to enable
the wire to run into the well against well pressure and stuffing box friction.
A ‘rule of thumb’ to determine the weight of a solid steel stem is:
8
StemOD 2 × =weight lbs /ft
3
Increasing the stem weight increases the impact force delivered by the jars. However, do
not ‘overweight’ the tool strings, as excessive mass dampens the ‘feel’ and premature
shearing of the pins can occur.
Flats for wrenches are provided and should be used. NEVER grip on the fishing neck or
this will damage the sharp edge.
All connections should be clean and dry. DO NOT LUBRICATE THE TOOLSTRING
THREADS – They will unscrew downhole during extended jarring.
The stem is available in standard lengths of 2’, 3’ and 5’.
Figure 9.20
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9.4.6 Stem - Roller Stem.
Roller Wireline Stem Bars are designed to replace conventional stem bars
for operations in deviated well bores. The rollers on the stem bar run
along the underside wall of the tubing. The use of rollers greatly reduces
the friction that conventional stem bars would encounter.
Roller Stem Bars are conventional sinker bars, modified with milled slots to
accommodate simple roller wheels. The wheels run on high tensile steel axle
bolts, which are locked in position by roll pins.
Hunting Roller Stem Bars are available in various diameters and lengths. They
are supplied with industry standard pin by box connections complete with
fishing necks. Wheel diameters are sized as required to suit the tubing.
When ordering, please specify required roller size.
Figure 9.13 Roller Stem
9.4.7 Stem - Lead Filled Stem

To provide greater weight for the same diameter and length.
Otis manufactures ‘Lead Filled Stems’. This stem has a regular steel pin and box, and a tubular steel outer
barrel. The inside is filled with lead to provide maximum density.
This stem is used primarily to run flowing pressure surveys to obtain maximum weight and minimum cross-
sectional area, to protect against ‘floating’ or being blown up the hole by pressure surges.
Other high density, heavy weight stems which are available include:
 Tungsten,
 Uranium, and
 Mallory filled (mercury alloy).
DO NOT USE LEAD FILLED STEMS FOR JARRING as the lead will tend to creep downwards and split the
outer barrel.
Figure 9.14 Lead

Filled Stem
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9.4.8 Wireline Jar- Spang Jar
Jars are a vital component in every tool string (except when running pressure surveys
on wireline).
It is essential that the operator can recognize the precise opening and closing point of
the jars on the Martin Decker weight indicator.
The force required downhole to manipulate tools and shear pins is generated by the
impact of the jars. If the jars are not being operated correctly or if jar action is lost,
then very little force can be exerted on the tools.
From the formula, F = ma (Force = Mass x Acceleration), it can

be seen that the impact force can be increased by increasing.
(i) Stem weight (mass)

(ii) Speed at impact (acceleration)
Stem weight is fixed after the tools are run in the well, but speed can be varied.
Figure 9.15 Spang Jar
Jar down action is limited to maximum speed that gravity will close the jars. In highly
deviated wells and wells with thick viscous fluid downward, jarring may be severely restricted.
Jar up action is more effective (with the same stem weight) as speed can be increased by increasing the spooling
speed at the wireline unit, and by the use of long stroke jars.
Caution: Prone to ‘scissoring’ in large bore wells.
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9.4.8 Wireline Jar- Tubular Jar
These are useful additions to the tool string when fishing for wire, as there is much less chance of tubular jars
becoming jammed with a loose end of a piece of wire than ‘spang’ type mechanical jars.
Figure 9.16.1 Barrel Drive Tubular Jar Figure 9.16.2 Rod Drive Tubular Jar
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9.4.9 Wireline Jar- Hydraulic Jars
Hydraulic Upstroke Jars are placed between the stem and mechanical jars in the tool string, when extra jar up
action is required or need anticipated. This is especially important when conventional jar up action is difficult
because of deviation or high viscosity well fluid.
Size available in 11/4”, 11/2” and 13/4”
Always INCLUDE mechanical jars to provide downward jar action to shear off if necessary (run with shear down
tool).
Hydraulic oil – Jar lube TS 190 or 10 W 30. Oil viscosity may be varied to suit downhole temperatures. Jars
should operate after approximately 30 seconds of pull.
Never place hydraulic jars BELOW mechanical jars. If hydraulic jars become ‘gassed up’ (especially in high
pressure gas wells) they will act as a shock absorber. In their correct position, mechanical jars can still be used to
shear downwards to release the tool.
Operation
1. The upward pull on the wire compresses the oil. The slow, controlled leakage past the piston permits the jars
to open slowly. Energy is stored in the ‘stretched’ wire.
2. The piston reaches the increased ID – No further resistance as the oil rapidly bypasses the piston.
3. Upward impact as the piston strikes the top of the cylinder.
4. The jars close under the stem weight as the check valve in the piston permits easy fluid bypass.
Note: Balance the piston (yellow) compensates for the fluid volume loss as the piston shaft moves out.
Caution: Always CLOSE THE JARS as the toolstring is lowered from the lubricator, BEFORE laying the
tools down.
Failure to do so may result in:
- Bent / cracked piston shaft.
- Piston shaft exposed to corrosion / damage.
This surface is hard chromed to ensure a seal against the O-rings. Any pitting will impair the operation of the
jars.
Refer to Figure 9.17 for Hydraulic Jar Operating Sequence
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(i) Jars in (ii) Line (iii) Rapid (iv) Stem
closed Tension upward weight closes
starting being applied motion jars
postion creates
upward
impact
Figure 9.17 Hydraulic Jar Operating Sequence
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9.4.10 Wireline Jar- PETROLINE Spring Jar
PETROLINE Spring Jars, shown here, are an alternative to hydraulic jars to provide upward impact force. As with
hydraulic jars, they are installed in the tool string between the stem and mechanical jars.
Note: Mechanical jars should always be included to enable downward jarring to shear if upward jarring does not
achieve the desired result.
An upward pull is applied via the wireline. With the pulling/fishing tool latched, the line tension is stored until a
mechanical release mechanism retracts and permits the rapid upward movement which creates an upward impact
force.
Some designs permit the adjustment of the release mechanism, which alters the amount of tension required to ‘fire’
the jars. Hence the magnitude of the resulting impact is variable.
Sequence of Operation
1. Increasing the line tension moves the “jar rod” upward from its static position, slowly compressing the main
“disc spring” via the “trip keys” and “trip housing”.
2. The amount of tension required is adjustable by rotating the “spring rod” with the “calibrating key”. The “jar
rod” and “trip housing” are gripped together by the “trip keys”.
3. As the “trip keys” move upwards with increasing line tension, they move outwards (expand) into the recess in
the “main housing”.
4. The “jar rod” is released and moves rapidly upwards to strike the inside of the “main housing”, thus creating
upward impact proportional to mass (stem weight) above the jars and velocity at impact. The “trip housing”
returns to the central position as soon as the “jar rod” releases.
5. To reset the jars back to their original position (1), the weight of the stem forces the “jar rod” and “trip
housing” down by compressing the “cocking spring”. This causes the “trip keys” to retract into the lower
recess in the “main housing”. The “trip keys” relatch the groove on the “jar rod” and the jarring cycle can be
repeated.
Advantages of Using Spring Jars

 No O-ring seals to leak and allow internal pressure build-up.
 Fluid bypass permits free access of well fluids through the jars.
 Generally greater upward impact than comparable hydraulic jars.
Note: The use of fishing tools with a greater area of “dog to fishing neck” contacts is advisable.
Design Variations.
 Use of key segments in the release mechanism.
 Position of release mechanism (middle or bottom)
 Adjustable release tension.
 Use of coil springs or ‘Belleville’ disc springs.
Note: It is advisable to close the jars before laying down the tool string to prevent bending of the “jar rod”
Refer to figure 9.18 for Mechanism Movements to Achieve Impact
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1. Line tension being 2. Trip Keys about to retract
increased and release jar rod
3. Released: jar rod released 4. Reseting: Weight of

to accelerate upwards to stem compresses spring to
create upward impact force engage trip keys into
groove in jar rod
Figure 9.18.1 Petroline Spring Jar Figure 9.18.2 Petroline Spring Jar Operating Sequence
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9.4.11 Wireline Jar- Flopetrol Upstroke Jars.
Upstroke jars are used for jarring up during wireline pulling operations.
These tools incorporate with a ball locking mechanism, and a compression spring tensioning system.
The central shaft is abruptly unlocked when the compression force of the spring is reached. Jarring is brought
about by pulling on the wireline, without acceleration.
The advantages of upstroke jars over hydraulic jars are that they are fully mechanical and have no seals, enabling
them to be used in gas wells. They can deliver more “licks” in a given period of time.
A Schlumberger stretch simulator can be utilized when the wireline has insufficient elasticity (at or near the
surface) to actuate the jar.
The weight of the spring- cable – friction must be added to the spring tension.
Table 9.6
Size of Jar 1.5” 2.125”
Adaptable simulator (Size) M-812918 (2.25”) M-810769 (2.625”)
Spring Tension Jar Simulator Jar Simulator
1.5” 2.25” 2.125” 2.625”
200 lbm (90 kg) M-81064 M-812919
400 lbm (180 kg) M-810644 M-812919
700 lbm (320 kg) M-810514 M-810759
1,000 lbm (450 kg) M-810374 M-810759
Important:
To actuate the jar, a minimum force equal to the spring force is obviously required.
Therefore, the pull “F” at the surface must be at least equal to the spring force plus the buoyant weight of the line
and stems, plus the friction forces.
Make sure when applying this force not to exceed the elastic limit of the line. In deep wells, use the 200 lb (11/2”
tool) or 700 lb (21/8” tool) springs.
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Refer to figure 9.19 for Flopetrol Upstroke Jar Mechanism Analysis.
Figure 9.21 Flopetrol Upstroke Jar
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Figure 9.20 Flopetrol Upstroke Jar Operational Sequence
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Sequence 2
Sequence 1 Sequence 3
Sequence 4
Figure 9.21 Operational Sequences
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9.4.12 Wireline Jar- Flopetrol Stretch Simulators.
Stretch simulators are designed to compensate for insufficient stretch or elasticity of the wireline
(e.g. at or near the surface).
They are attached above a Flopetrol upstroke jar or hydraulic jar.
Refer to Table 9.5 Specification and Table 9.6 for Parts
Table 9.7 Specification Table

Technical Specification
New Type Size 15 3 5
External Spring 1 ” Internal 2 ”+2 ”
16 8 8
Spring External Spring
Part number M-812918 M-807951 M-810769
Maximum OD 2.25” 2.36” 2.64”
Length 51.5” 59.8” 52.4”
Standard
Spring tension 400 lbs 400lbs 1,000 lbs
Pin / Box thread 15 1 1
Fishing head ” – 10 1 ” – 10 1 ” – 10
16 16 16
3 5 3
1 ” 2 ” 1 ”
4 16 4
Adaptable M-809695 M-810373

Upstroke jar
Table 9.8 Parts

Optional parts*
Size 1 3 5
2 ” External 2 ” Internal 2 ” External
4 4 8
Spring Spring Spring
Assembling tool
Tension Spring M-807952
200 lbs* M-812919 M-810449
Standard 400 lbs M-810336
700 lbs* M-810759
Standard 1,000 lbs
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Refer to Figure 9.21 for Stretch Simulator Types.
When combined with a Flopetrol upstroke jar, the stretch simulator 23/8” must be fitted with the appropriate
spring S. See optional parts on Table 9.6.
Figure 9.22.1 Internal Spring Strech Simulator Figure 9.21.2 External Spring Strech Simulator
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9.4.13 Knuckle Joints Conventional Type
Knuckle Joints are used to add flexibility to the tool string and should
be used in deviated wells. They are usually positioned immediately
below the mechanical jars. However, if additional flexibility is required,
a further knuckle joint can be included between the stem and jars.
Knuckle joints permit 15º of movement and should be used only when
necessary.
Excessive numbers of knuckle joints can reduce the effectiveness of
downward jarring by allowing a sideways component of the force to be
applied to the tubing wall.
Some brands of knuckle joint have a fishing neck on the lower body to
assist recovery if the knuckle separates downhole.
Important:
Do not confuse knuckle joints with swivels. Swivels permit only
limited movement*, and have
a bearing to allow easy rotation even when under tension.
* 1½º to 5º - depending on type.
Caution:
Knuckle joints should not be used in place of swivels. If the line
breaks, latching a rope socket with a knuckle joint leaning against
the tubing wall can be very difficult.
Combination of Parts Knuckle Joint.
Figure 9.23 Conventional Type
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9.4.14 Knuckle Joints - Integral Type
Consist of Pin and Box End Having Double Fishing Neck, Manufactured in one
piece.
Figure 9.24 Integral Type
9.4.15 Petroline Centralizer.

The Petroline Spring Roller Centralizer has been developed to improve the effectiveness of wireline operations in
highly deviated wells.
The centralizer is usually positioned in the tool string immediately above the running or pulling tool.
The rollers rotate freely to minimize friction resistance against the tubing wall.
Spring Force Adjustment

The spring force from the stack of disk (Belleville) springs is adjustable to suit the well conditions/ deviation.
Adjustment is made by removing the “grub screw” (20) and backing off the locking sleeve” (3). The “locking
segment” (4) is removed and the “top sub” (2) rotated to adjust the spring force. The locking segment, sleeve, and
group screw are returned to their original positions.
The spring force is directed to the end of each “arm” (14) which presses the “roller” (17) against the tubing wall.
Nylotron composition rollers are available for use in plastic coated and fiberglass lined tubing
Connection
Top connection is available in QLS or sucker rod threads.
A swivel should always be included in the tool string while using centralizers to prevent the rotation being
transferred to the wire. The new versions of the Petroline centralizer have a swivel built into the top sub
immediately below the connection.
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9.4.16 Electric Line
Slip Over’ option - Available for electric line operations and designed to fit over the sinker/weight bar.
Refer to figure 9.24 for Petroline Centralizer Mechanism Understanding.
Figure 9.25 Petroline Centralizer
Table 9.9
Size Ranges
Min (Nom) Max
2.125” 3.500”
2.600” 4.125”
3.300” 5.125”
5.000” 8.000”
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9.5 SLICKLINE SERVICE TOOLS
Group of tools used to verify access and remove obstructions, retrieve, hold, test, punch
hole, and activate flow.
9.5.1 Drift
9.5.2 Gauge Cutter
One-piece tool provided with pin threads, fishing neck, body with spacious bypass area and shorter gauge diameter
cutting end. Used to verify access.
Figure 9.26 Gauge Cutter Functional Features
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Uses:
 To check the tubing ID.
 To tag the total depth.
 To locate the nipple ID and no-go.
 To locate restrictions.
 To cut sand, scale, paraffin, and other deposits from the tubing wall.
 To determine the profile of a bridge. (Run successively the smaller cutter and plot the depth, versus the
size to establish the shape of restriction).
When selecting the size of the gauge cutter, carefully consider the ID you wish to locate.
Example:
To tag a 3 ½” XN Nipple:
Nipple bore = 2.750”
No-go ID = 2.635”
Therefore, the gauge cutter must be between these 2 sizes.
Example 2.7”
9.5.3 Blind Box
The Blind Box is used when heavy downward jarring is required to dislodge a fish or push something down to the
hole. It is flat on the bottom and hardened to reduce wear and damage.
It is available in a range of sizes to suit the application.

As a ‘cutter bar’ it is made up below a piece of stem
and rope socket then dropped into the well to cut wire
downhole.
Figure 9.27 Blind Box
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9.5.4 Impression Block
The Impression Block ( LIB – Lead Impression Block ) is similar in appearance to the Blind
Box, but it is filled with lead which extends below the bottom edge. The lead is ‘keyed’ in
position by a roll pin or a hex headed bolt. Either of these are installed prior to pouring
molten lead inside. Used to check obstructions.
Figure 9.28 Impression Block
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Uses
 To obtain a ‘picture’ of the downhole blockage.
Example
 Rope Socket (with or without wire).

 Prong.
 Lock Mandrel.
 Ported Tubing.
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9.5.5 Swaging Tool
A Swaging tool is used to restore light collapse in the tubing string.

The OD of the swage = the tubing drift.
Note:
The fluid bypass hole permits the passage of fluid when the OD of the swage fills the tubing ID.
Always run with Upstroke Jars to enable the operator to jar up out of the tubing if the swage should jam.
Figure 9.29 Swaging Tool
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9.5.6 Wire Scratcher
A Wire scratcher provides a means to clean the ID of the tubing, nipple profiles, and SSD, etc.
Refer to Figure 9.29 for Wire Scratcher Functional Features
It is run on a standard toolstring, and run up

and down to clean the affected area.
It is most commonly made from an old piece

of stem or sucker rod drilled and tapped, as
shown, to accept piees of braided line cut in
length to suit the well diameter.
A variation of this tool, threaded with slickline

in a long continuos loop, can be used to locate
broken wire.
Locking Allen Screw
Braided Line
Figure 9.30 Wire Scratcher
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9.5.7 Tubing End Locator
Used to locate the end of the tubing at the time of the completion and production as a cross reference check of the
tubing tally.
Figure 9.31 Tubing End Locator Functional Features
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Usually has 2 positions for the ‘finger’, so that it can be used in 2 3/8 and 2 7/8” or 3 ½ and 4 ½” Tubing.
Take care pulling the Tubing End Locator up into the lubricator.
After the Tubing End Locator passes out the bottom of the tubing string, the loaded ‘finger’ trips to the horizontal
position. Pick-up to obtain the tubing end depth.
The jar up action shears the 3/16” brass pin below the ‘finger’ and allows the tool to be removed.
Note :
Run the Gauge Cutter first to ensure the tubing is clear. If the Tubing End Locator has to be pulled up with
the ‘finger’ in the running position, it may catch in the tubing or collar.
The continued upward movement in this situation will shear the pivot pin and drop the ‘finger’ and spring.
In some cases, the ‘finger’ has damaged or punctured the tubing.
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9.5.8 Hydrostatic Bailer
Using atmospheric pressure inside the cylinder, sealed with brass disc and safety plug.
When brass disc is sheared, differential pressure between tubing and cylinder create suction.
Used to remove obstructions.
Figure V - 7 Hydrostatic Bailer Disc Operational Sequence.
(i) Jar against hard surface (ii) Sucking sand / fluid (iii) Bailer back on surface
Figure 9.32 Hydrostatic Bailer Disc Operating Sequence
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9.5.9 Pump Bailer and Dump Bailer
Pump Bailer: Suction is actuated by piston and check valve connected to the suction rod.
Bottom check valve opens during suction stroke and close to trap sand or
other materials during downward stroke.
Dump Bailer: Used to drop desired substances downhole by shearing a pin and shear disc.
Refer to Figure 9.33.1 and 9.33.2 Pump Bailer and Dump Bailer Mechanism and Function
Figure 9.34.1 Pump Bailer Figure 9.34.2 Dump Bailer
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9.5.10 Star Dril
Used break hard sand, debris and other objects.
Figure 9.35 Star Drill
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9.5.11 Broaches
Used to remove scales against tubing wall.
Figure 9.37 Diamond Broach Figure 9.37 Pineapple Broach
9.5.12 L’ Collar Locator

The ‘L’ Collar Locator is screwed on to the ‘T’ Perforator Stop.
It is pinned to extend the latch for the correct tubing size.
The upper end of the latch carrier keeps the slips disengaged until the upward movement locates the collar and
trips the latch, shears the pin, and releases the slips.
This tool ensures the perforator does not punch a hole in the collar.
This would be too thick and would damage the perforator
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Figure 9.38 'L' Collar Locator
9.6 STANDARD RUNNING/PULLING TOOLS
Pulling tools are designed to remove various subsurface equipment from the well, and can be used as alternative
running tools in accordance with the release system.
They can only be used to retrieve an item of equipment that has a ‘standard’ fishing neck.
If it is impossible to retrieve the equipment, the pulling tool can be released by shearing a pin and returning to the
surface.
Pulling tools may be designed for either external or internal fishing necks.
Shearing the pin may be achieved by jarring up or down, depending on the type of tool.
Examples
Jar Up -External fishing neck - Otis RB, RS / Camco JUC, JUS

Jar Down -External fishing neck - Otis SB, SS / Camco JDC, JDS
Jar Up -Internal fishing neck - Otis GR
Jar Down -Internal fishing neck - Otis GS / Camco PRS
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Figure 9.39 Identification and release mechanisms
Construction of the tools varies internally.
R - The core is attached directly to the top sub. S -The skirt is attacheh to the top sub.
- The skirt is pinned to the core. – The core is pinned to the skirt
Pulling tools have correspondingly shaped dogs, hence a Camco pulling tool should not be used to fish Otis or
Bowen equipment and vice versa as damage to the fishing neck and pulling tool dogs can result.
It is essential that the operator select a tool which shears in the direction opposite to which jarring is required, to
achieve movement downhole. i.e. jar down action is required to unlock the mandrel, so the jar up to shear tool
must be used.
Therefore, the operator must be able to immediately identify a tools shear direction. As an aid, these features
should be remembered to differentiate between ‘R’ and ‘S’ tools.
Figure 9.41 R Pulling Tool Figure 9.41 S Pulling Tool
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9.6.1 Shear Pins
1. Radial Shear Pin
Cross Sectional View Normal Position Sheared Position
Sheared Edge
Figure 9.42 Radial shear pin shearing positions
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2. Tangential Shear Pins
Usually of a relaltively small diameter as there is an increased shear are over radial types.
(a) Cross Sectional View (b) Normal Position (c) Sheared Position
Figure 9.43 Tangential shear pin shearing position
Shearing edges should be sharp and in good condition.
Figure 9.44 Sheared Edge
Material Strengths: Aluminium – 41.000 psi UTS

Brass – 43.000 psi UTS
Mild Steel – 58.000 psi UTS
Note: Stainless steel must never be used as it works hardens any may not shear. Check with a magnet to identify
stainless steel from mild steel if in doubt. (Stainless steel is usually non-magnetic)
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9.6.2 OTIS “R” Series Pulling Tool
The ‘R’ series pulling tools are designed to engage an external fishing neck, and shear to release by an upward jar
action. The ‘R’ series pulling tool is used in 3 different versions or types which are types RB, RS, and RJ.
The difference in the 3 types is only in the length of the core, which is installed in the tool. The reach of the pulling
tool is determined by the length of the core. Reach is the distance from the lower end or face of the core, down to
the engaging shoulder at the lower end of the pulling tool dogs.
RB - uses the longest core (i), the type
RS - uses the intermediate length core (ii), and
RJ - the shortest core (iii).
Any one of these 3 tools (type RB, RS or RJ) may be changed to either of the 2 other types simply by changing the
core. All other parts of the 3 types of tools are identical and are completely interchangeable.
The type of lock mandrel or other downhole device to be retrieved will determine which type of pulling tool must
be used. The required type of pulling tool will be shown in the relevant section for each type of equipment shown
elsewhere in this book. Most of the locking mandrels will require a specific type of pulling tool and no other type
pulling tool should be used. Be sure of the proper type of pulling tool before attempting to latch and retrieve any
lock mandrel.
All shears up pulling tools have a larger shear pin than the equivalent shear down tool.
RJ RS RB
Figure 9.45 Core size with the corresponding reach
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The pulling tool is attached to a standard wireline tool string and lowered into the well. Upon contact with the
subsurface control, the lower portion of the cylinder passes over the fishing neck or pulling flange because of the
force of the dog spring. Upward impact of the jars is utilized to pull the suburb face control from the well.
The shear pin should withstand considerable jarring before shearing. When the pin shears, the force in the cylinder
spring acts between In the sub position
pinned and cylinder then moves(b)the core up releasing
In Sheared, in the cylinder. This moves the dogs upward
position
against the force of the dog spring. As the dogs move upward their tapered uppered ends move into the cylinder
forcing the dogs inward, thereby forcing the dogs lower end outward. This causes the dogs to release their grip on
the pulling flange. Figure 9.46 RB Pulling tool operational positions
Table 9.10 'R' Series Tool Specification
Part # Size O.D Fish Neck Will Top Thread Shear Pin Reach
(in.) (in.) Latch (in.) (in.)
RB 40RB14 1½ 1.430 1.187” 1.187” 15/16 - 10 ¼ 1.265
40RB10 2 1.770 1.375” 1.375” 15/16 – 10 5/16 1.219
40RB18 2½ 2.180 1.750” 1.750” 15/16 - 10 5/16 1.203
40RB19 3 2.740 2.313” 2.313” 1 1/16 - 10 3/8 1.297
RS 40RS5 1½ 1.430 1.187” 1.187” 15/16 - 10 ¼ 1.797

40RS6 2 1.770 1.375” 1.375” 15/16 – 10 5/16 1.984
40RS7 2½ 2.180 1.750” 1.750” 15/16 - 10 5/16 1.984
40RS9 3 2.740 2.313” 2.313” 1 1/16 - 10 3/8 1.190
Releasing Tool Pinning Tool
Figure 9.47 Pinning and Releasing Tool for both R and S pulling tools
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9.6.3 OTIS ‘S’ Series Pulling Tool
The ‘S’ series tools are jar down to shear. They are designed to pull equipment by jarring up, or to run and release
equipment by jarring down. Two cores are available for this tool.
Always check that the item to be released has sufficient clearance on the skirt to move the core upwards fully.
Failure to check this may result in the tool not releasing fully.
Note: The shear pin in shear down tools is smaller than equivalent in the shear up tools.
Uses the same releasing and pinning tools as the ‘R’ series.
SB - uses the longest core (i), the type

SS - uses the intermediate length core (ii), and
SM - the shortest core (iii).
In latching position (b) In releasing position
Figure 9.48 SB Pulling Tool Operational Positions
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Table 9.11 'S' Series Tool Specification
Part # Size O.D Fish Neck Will Top Thread Shear Pin Reach
(in.) (in.) Latch (in.) (in.)
SB 40SB6 1½ 1.437 1.187” 1.187” 15/16 - 10 3/16 1.297
40SB1 2 1.776 1.375” 1.375” 15/16 – 10 ¼ 1.219
40SB2 2½ 2.188 1.375” 1.750” 15/16 - 10 1/4 1.281
40SB9 3 2.734 2.313” 2.313” 1 1/16 - 10 5/16 1.380
SS 40SS3 1½ 1.430 1.187” 1.187” 15/16 - 10 3/16 1.780

40SS1 2 1.770 1.375” 1.375” 15/16 – 10 ¼ 2.030
40SS2 2½ 2.180 1.375” 1.750” 15/16 - 10 ¼ 2.000
40SS4 3 2.840 2.313” 2.313” 1 1/16 - 10 5/16 2.210
*SM 40SM7 1.66 1.187 0.875” 0.875” 15/16 - 10 3/16 1.680

 For gaslift valves only
9.6.4 OTIS SSJ PullingTool
The SSJ combination is the correct running tool for the ‘N’ and ‘Q’ test tools, ‘X’ selective test tools, and PX test
tool, because:
(i) The long reach core permits the ‘dart’ (fishing neck) of the test tool to float upwards off the scaling seal to
provide fluid bypass. This is essential to permit the test tool to pass through the nipple seal bores of the same size
as the V-packing.
(ii) Downward jarring force is between the skirt and top sub of the test tool, and not absorbed against the dart or
seal surface.
The SSJ adapter permits the ‘S’ tool to be sheared by jarring downwards on either the core or skirt. The core on
the SB and SS tools must have contact to enable the pin to be sheared.
The SSJ combination is easier to re-pin and can also be added to ‘S’ tools with ‘B’ and ‘S’ cores, i.e.SSB and SSS
combinations.
Note : It is essential to remove the shear pin from the ‘S’ tool core.
Failure to do this will prevent the tool from shearing.
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SSJ Pulling Tool (b) Adapter
Figure 9.49 SSJ Pulling Tool
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1.1.1 OTIS “G” Series Tool (GS)
The G series are designed to latch internal fishing necks, e.g. ‘X’ and XN locks, soft set bomb hangers etc.
The basic tools is the GS which shear down, but the addition of a GU Adapter converts the total assembly to a GR
shear up too.
A GR version with an extended core nose is available and required to pull the “D” Collar Lock.
Figure 9.49 To understand the releasing mechanism
Figure 9.50 Hand Release
To release the pulling tool from the lock mandrel, grasp the dog retainer with the thumb and forefinger then force
it up to compress the spring. This should lift the dogs enough to allow them to retract against the smaller outside
diameter of the core. Take the mandrel off the pulling tool.
5. Pinning
A GU Adapter can be used as a pinning tool to re-align the shear pin holes by compressing the spring.
If a GU Adapter is not available, the spring can be compressed by levering the tool in a vice. This will be done
during your practical session.
Uses
Running / Pulling - ‘G’ stops, ‘G’ pack offs.
Pulling - Soft set bomb hangers.
GS Pulling / Running Tools ‘Jar Down’ to shear

It is important to remember that the skirt must be moved’ ’upwards’’ by the fishing neck of the equipment latched.
If there is insufficient space for the GS to move down inside the internal fishing neck, it is not possible to shear
off.
Latching
As the GS passes downwards into the fishing neck, the dogs move up and inwards to pass the ID of the fishing
neck then the dog spring forces them backwards.
Pulling
The upward movement is transmitted from the toolstring through the core to the dogs, which are now firmly
expanded beneath the fishing neck.
Shearing
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Downward jar force is applied to move the core downwards, relative to the skirt. The skirt resting on the fishing
neck, shears the pin in an upward direction.
Latching (b) Releasing
Figure 9.51 GS Pulling Tool Latching and Releasing Mechanism
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9.6.5 OTIS “G” Series Tool (GR)
GR Pulling Tool Jar Up to shear
A combination of a GS and GU Adapter.
The pin’’ must be removed ’’ from the GS or the tool will not shear in either direction.
The operating sequence is the same as the GS, except the tool now shears in the opposite direction.
2. Shearing
Upward jar action is transmitted through the shear pin ( a larger diameter than in the GS ) until the pin is sheared.
Downward jar action has no tendency to shear the pin, as the force is transmitted through the main GU body to the
skirt of the GS and onto the fishing neck.
3. Pinning
Back the GU adapter of the GS and repin the adapter, screw the adapter back into position and the main GS spring
will be returned to the pinned position.
Check that there is no shear pin in the GS body.
4. Uses
The GR is used to pull ‘X’ and XN locks. The jar downside loosens the set on the keys and makes the lock easier
to pull.
Table 9.12 Specifications of GU & GS size
Nominal Lock OD GR Part# GS Part# GU Part# Will Max Top Fish

Size Reference Latch OD Thread Neck
(Inch) ID (Inch of Tool
(Inch) )
2 1.875” 40GR1870 40GS18700 40GU1870 1.38 1.81 15 1.375”
0 0 -10
16
2½ 2.313” 40GR2310 40GS23100 40GU2310 1.81 2.25 15 1.750”
0 0 -10
16
3 2.750” 40GR2750 40GS27250 40GU3120 2.31 2.72 1 2.313”
0 0 1 -10
16
5 4.562” 40GR4560 40GS45600 40GU4560 4.00 4.50 1 3.125”
0 0 1 -10
16
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Latching Position (b) Releasing Position
Figure 9.52 GR Pulling Tool Latching and Releasing Position
9.6.6 OTIS “W” Running Tool

“W” running tool is used to run a “W” Slip Lock Mandrel with specific functions
The ‘W’ Slip Lock is designed to be set at any position in the tubing. Check any nipple profile ID’s as the ‘W’
lock may not pass. The lock, plug, and running tool assembly can be run downwards to the required depth, an
upward pull applied will grip the tubing with the slip sufficiently to allow the jars to be closed gently for upward
jarring. The slip is expanded outwards by the upward movement of the inner mandrel, shearing the aluminium
which ensures the slip are set before the element is expanded as upward jar action is via the running tool.
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Table 9.13 W Lock Specification
OD OD Min
Tubing Fishing Running Pulling Thread
Part # Slips Slip
OD ID Neck Tool Tool Connection
Expand Retract
10W01
8
10W02 2.375” 2.062” 1.859” 0.687” 1.375” 41W013 40RB17 1 2/16 x 14
2 2.875” 2.530” 2.296” 0.875” 1.750” 41W014 40RB18 1 9/16 x 12
10W02 3.500” 3.080” 2.843” 1.375” 2.312” 41W022 40RB19 2 x 12
3 4.500” 3.500” 3.281” 1.750” 2.750” 41W030 40RB30 2 1/4 x 12
10W03
4
Refer to Figure 9.52.1 W Running Tool to Analyse the Movements of Parts and Figure 9.52.2 for Slip Lock
Mechanism.
Figure 9.53.1 W Running Tool Otis

Figure 9.52.2 W Slip Lock Otis
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Figure 9.54 W Running Sequence
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9.6.7 OTIS “C” RUNNING TOOL
Used to run TO SET TYPE “d” collar lock (d collar stop)
The running tool is inserted in the collar stop and pinned to the lower portion of the
mandrel.
After the desired depth is reached and a coupling located in the tubing string, the
collar stop is locked by applying an upward pull on the wireline.
When the collar stop is set, upward jarring is designed to shear the pin and the
wireline tools may be removed from the well.
Figure 9.55 Type C otis

Running Tool
9.6.8 OTIS “D” Running Tool

USED TO RUN THE D COLLAR LOCK MANDREL WITH SPECIFIC
FUNCTION
6.4.1 ‘D’ Collar Lock Mandrel
Collar Locks Mandrel are securely locked in the tubing by dogs which extend
outwards and lock into the collar recess of EU and NU type tubing. It has the
following features and limitations:
A. Features
1. The Collar Lock Mandrel will hold approximately 5.000 psi * from ABOVE and
BELOW.
* varies with size and material. Refer to manufacture’s specifications for precise
limits.
2. The ‘G’ seal element is more effective than the ‘W’ used on the slip lock.
The collar lock has the following features:

 Can be set in any collar recess. (Refer to limitations below).
 Pressure set, and pressure balanced element.
 Element expansion can be adjusted to seal in varying tubing weights. Figure 9.56 Type D Otis
Removable Collar Lock
B. Limitation
 Will not pass the nipple ID.

 May have difficulty sealing in badly corroded or rough tubing.
The ‘D’ collar lock is designed to lock in any collar recess of External Upset (EU) and Non – Upset (NU) tubing
(Refer to thread diagrams in section I).
Caution: The ‘D’ collar lock will not set in premium type tubing such as Vallourec VAM or Hydril CS,
because there is no collar recess in which to locate.
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Table 9.14 D running Tool Specification
Tubing Max. O.D. Lock Dog Element Thread Down Running Tool Pulling Tool
O.D. (ins) Dogs Assembly # Assembly #
(Ins.) Retracted
2.375 1.843 310DO37 310DO37 3 41DO10 40GRL1
1 – 14 pin
16
2.875 2.281 310DO30 310DO49 9 41DO11 40GRL4
1 – 12 pin
16
3.500 2.844 310DO58 310DO57 2 – 12 pin 41DO09 40GRL14
4.500 3.800 310DO67 310DO68 1 41DO15 40GRL26
3 – 12 SLB
16
pin
Refer to Figure 9.58.1 D Running Tool to understand movements of parts

Refer to Figure 9.58.2 for D Collar Lock Mechanism Analysis.
Figure 9.58.1 D Running Tool Otis
Figure 9.58.2 D Collar Lock Mandrel Otis
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Figure 9.59 'D' Running Tool Sequence
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9.6.9 OTIS “X” Running Tool
OTIS “X” Running Tool is used to run x and xn lock mandrels with specific functions. The “X” Running Tool is
to enable the “X” lock to be run selectively into the profile required.
It has 2 positions, SELECTIVE and NON – SELECTIVE, in which it has to be manually set at the surface.
1. Selective Position - Used when setting in any profile except a top one or no – go (XN) profile.
2. Non – Selective Position- Used when setting the lock in a top profile or no – go (XN) profile.
Note : When an XN is below several “X” profiles of the same size, it is advisable to run in SELECTIVE (to protect
the top shear pin while jarring the packing through the profiles) and trip to NON - SELECTIVE in the last ‘X‘
profile above the XN..
1. In the SELECTIVE Position

- * Lock Mandrel
- (i) Keys are FULLY RETRACTED – with the running tool holding the lock fully EXTENDED.
- * Running Tool
- (ii) Nipple locator dogs OUT.
- (iii) Lug segments LOCKING the core to the main mandrel.
- (iv) No GAP between the fishing neck and spring housing.
2. In the NON – SELECTIVE Position
- * Lock Mandrel
- (v) Keys are SPRUNG forward to permit the 90° shoulder to locate in the nipple.
- * Running Tool
- (vi) Nipple locator dogs IN – now holding the inner mandrel in the “up” position.
-
- (vii) Lug segments FREE to permit the core to move when the top pin shear.
Checking the Running Tool.
Prior to Pinning to the lock, the Running Tool should be checked to ensure it trip freely from. SELECTIVE to
NON – SELECTIVE. Place the tool in NON – SELECTIVE (as it would be after pulling out of the hole) then :
- Place the tool in the vice horizontally and grip GENTLY on the dog retainer.
- Using a square shank screwdriver(or other s uitable tool) in the gap between the spring housing and
fishing neck, increase the tension on the mainspring.
- At the same time place the thumb and forefinger on the upper end of the nipple locator dogs, then squeeze
inwards and upward against the small spring.
- Release the screwdriver and the tool should spring into the SELECTIVE position.
If not :
- Check the nipple locator dogs were fully outwards when you release the tension.
- Gently tap the spring housing in case the spring is binding inside the deformed housing if too tight.
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Figure 9.60 X-Running Tool Otis
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(b) Non – selectiv
position
(a) X-Lock Mandrel

Otis (c) Locked Position
Figure 9.61 X-Lock Mandrel keys and Functional Positions
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Pinning - with the tool in SELECTIVE:
Place the tool in a vice horizontally and grip GENTLY on the dog retainer. Push the nipple locator dogs up
(towards the fishing neck). They should move inwards when at the upper end of travel, and return freely to the
extended position. If they are not free, the spring is binding and the tool needs redressing.
Pull the fishing neck outward against the spring tension. A bar or the screwdriver can be placed through the slot
above the core to provide handles to exert the necessary force.
The tool should trip into NON – SELECTIVE and remain in this position then the tension is released.
1. Check the running tool is in the NON – SELECTIVE position – otherwise the core will be locked.
2. Place the lock mandrel fishing neck in the vice firmly. Close the lock and insert the running tool. Push the core
downwards and hold in place with the punch in the top shear pin hole. Extend the lock mandrel and move the
running tool to line up the bottom shear pin hole. Pin with 5/16” brass (usually).
3. Insert a ¼” steel pin in the top hole. Cross punch (through the centre hole) and/or centre punch the shear pins to
ensure they do not drop out.
4. Check that the tool will trip from SELECTIVE to NON – SELECTIVE.
5. Check the lock mandrel keys in

SELECTIVE - Fully retracted
NON – SELECTIVE - Spring forward
Running Procedures - with the tool in SELECTIVE (to SELECTIVELY set the ‘X’ lock)
1. Set the running tool in SELECTIVE.
2. Run into the well and JR DOWN GENTLY to pass the packing through the upper nipple profile.
Remember: In the ‘selective’ position, the lug segments are protecting the top shear pin.
3. Pass through the nipple in which the lock is to be set - approximately 10 m (30’). The nipple locator dogs
move up and inward.
4. Take a pick – up weight reading and note the amount for letter reference.
5. Pull up. The nipple locator dogs will not allow the tool to pass backup through the nipple.
6. Pull over the pick up weight (point 4 above), approximately 100 to 200 kgs. This will trip the Running Tool
from selective to non-selective.
Now the following points have occurred:
- Lug segments retracted so the top shear pin unprotected.
- There is a gap between the fishing neck and spring housing.
- Nipple locator dogs retracted and holding the tool in NON - SELECTIVE.
- Lock keys partially extended.
7. Lower down until the ‘X’ keys locate the 900 shoulder in the nipple.
8. Jar down GENTLY to position the lock fully in the nipple.
9. JAR DOWN to shear the TOP pin. Provided the keys are fully locked in the nipple by the expander
mandrel, the fishing neck retainer dogs will retract. This occurs when the expander mandrel has travelled a
minimum of 80% of its full movement.
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Table 9.15
Shear pin connected by Shear pin

A Pin sheared
leg segments unprotected
10. P i c k - u p a p p r o x i m a t
B No gap No gap Gap Gap Gap
Dos moving Dogs
C Dogs holding mandrel in non-selective position
up and in locating
Lug segments locking core Lug segments release core by moving into recess
D
to main mandrel in key retainer
Retainer dogs hold fishing
E neck until core has moved Released fishing neck – core fully moved
80% of full travel
Partially
F Fully extended Closed Closed
compressed
Spring forward to
G Fully retracted Locked Locked
locate
Repeat from step 8.
11. If the lock is fully set. JAR UP to shear the BOTTOM pin and pull out of the hole.
Figure 9.62 'X' Lock Runing Sequence
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A.3 XN Lock
To run the XN lock, run in NON – SELECTIVE as the XN lock WILL NOT pass the XN nipple to permit the
running tool to trip.
XN Running Procedure
As for the ‘X’, but omit steps 3,5,6 and 7.
Take the pick up weight above the XN.
Note : If the XN is below several ‘X’ nipple profiles, it is advisable to run in SELECTIVE to protect the top
shear pin while jarring the packing through the nipple bores.
Trip to NON – SELECTIVE in the last ‘X’ nipple above the XN.
‘X’ Running Tool - Stripping

Ensure the tool is in the NON – SELECTIVE position, i.e the core free to move.
1. Remove the locking pin and upper the cross pin.

2. Withdraw the core.
3. Remove the fishing neck retainer dogs.
4. Hold the tool in the vice by the fishing neck - vertically.
5. Back off key retainer housing from the mainspring housing.
(The use of strap wrenches advisable to prevent deformation)
6. Remove the key retainer housing, manipulating the dogs to permit removal.
7. Take care not to lose components as there is a tendency for them to fly apart.
8. Remove the lug segments from the main mandrel slot.
9. Unscrew the main mandrel from the fishing neck.
Note: These are a matched pair – NOT INTERCHANGEABLE. If the tool is not going to be reassembled
immediately, store these 2 components screwed together.
10. Remove the spring housing and mainspring.
11. Remove the dog spring by squeezing flat between 2 hacksaw blades and withdrawing through the
slots in the retainer housing. Check all parts for wear and grease lightly.
‘X’ Running Tool - Reassembly
1. Put the fishing neck in the vice – pin thread down.

2. Place the spring housing and mainspring on the fishing neck – just sit them in position (thread upward).
3. Insert the main mandrel and make up – ensuring the milled slots are lined up. The mainspring is now
compressed. The main mandrel and fishing neck are a matched pair and care must be taken to be certain
they do not become mixed.
4. Insert 2 lug segments – 45° chamfer up (i.e towards the bottom of the tool.
5. Insert the spring into the dog retainer. Sandwich the spring between 2 hacksaw blades, insert through
the slots, turn 90°, and release the blades. Manipulate the spring into position and check that the ends of
the springs are not crossed.
6. Slide the dog retainer housing over the main mandrel – thread downward.
Insert the hacksaw blade through the slot in the dog retainer housing above the spring and right through
the slots in the mandrel.
8. Lift the housing to compress the spring against the hacksaw blade, and insert the file through the main
mandrel to hold the housing up.
9. Insert one split ring in the lower inside of the dog retainer housing – Install with the slot toward the
upper edge. (Grease on the back of the split ring will hold it in place).
10. Insert one nipple locator dog.
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11. Insert the 2nd split ring.
12. Insert the 2nd dog – from inside at a steep angle to locate the fingers in the slots in the split ring
13. Hold the dogs firmly while picking up gently on the dog retainer housing to remove the file from the
slot.
14. Lower the complete assembly until the hacksaw blade is at the end of the slot. Remove the blade
while gently supporting the dogs with the fingertips.
15. Turn the dog retainer housing 90° - to avoid the fishing neck retainer dog slots.
16. Manipulate the assembly gently down over the profiles on the main mandrel and thread into the spring
housing.
17. Tighten the spring housing to the dog retainer. DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN as this can deform these
thin section components.
18 Pull upwards to the dog retainer housing and trip the tool into CONTROL.
19. Insert 2 fishing neck retainer dogs – using grease to hold in place.
20. Insert the core – which cannot be inserted if the tool is in the SELECTIVE position.
21. Install the cross pin.
22 Lift the core upwards and insert the locking pin through the hole in the fishing neck. BRAD both ends
to ensure this pin will not fall out.
23. CHECK THE TOOLS OPERATION - i.e Trip from NON – SELECTIVE to SELECTIVE and back
NON – SELECTIVE.
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Nipple Size Specification
Tubing Size For Standard Tubing Weights (inches) For Heavy Tubing
Weights
OD Weight ID Drift ‘X’ Nipple Bore XN no-Go ID ‘R’ RN No-
(in.) Per (in.) (in.) Standard Optional Standard Optional Packing Go ID
foot Bore (in.) (in.)
2.063 3.25 1.751 1.657 1.625 1.536
3.4 1.750 1.657
4.6 1.995 1.901 1.875 1.905 1.791
4.7 1.995 1.901
2.375 5.3 1.939 1.845 1.781 1.640
5.95 1.867 1.775 1.710 1.560
6.2 1.853 1.759
7.7 1.703 1.609 1.500 1.345
6.4 2.441 2.347 2.313 2.380 2.205
6.5 2.441 2.347
2.875 7.9 2.323 2.229 2.188 2.010
8.7 2.259 2.165 2.125 1.937
8.9 2.243 2.149
9.5 2.195 2.101 2.000 1.881
10.4 2.151 2.057
10.7 2.091 1.997 1.875 1.716
11.0 2.065 1.971
11.65 1.995 1.901
9.3 2.992 2.867 2.813 2.875 2.635 2.760
10.3 2.922 2.797 2.750 2.813
3.500 12.8 2.764 2.639 2.562 2.329
12.95 2.750 22.62
5
15.8 2.548 2.423 2.313 2.131
16.7 2.480 2.355
17.05 2.440 2.315 2.188 2.010
10.9 3.476 3.351 3.313 3.135
11.0 3.476 3.351
4.000
11.6 3.428 3.303 3.250 3.088
13.4 3.340 3.215 3.125 2.907
12.75 3.938 3.833 3.813 3.723 3.813
13.5 3.920 3.795 3.688 3.456
15.5 3.826 3.701
4.500
16.9 3.754 3.629 3.437 3.162
19.2 3.640 3.515
13.00 4.494 4.369 4.313 4.125 3.913
5.000 15.00 4.408 4.283 4.125 3.912
18.00 4.276 4.151 4.000 3.748
15.50 4.950 4.025 4.562 4.455 4.562 4.455
5.500 17.00 4.892 4.767
23.00 4.670 4.545 4.313 3.987
7.000 17 - 32 - - 5.962 5.750
The below dimensions in Table 9.14 apply to sliding side doors and other Otis equipment having integral
landing nipple profiles.
Table 9.16 Type X and R Otis Landing Nipples Specifications
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Guide to Type X Otis Running Tools
On this and the following pages are Guides to Otis Type X and R Running Tools. These running tools are used to
set Types X, XN, R, RN and RQ Otis locking mandrels in Types X, XN, R, RN, and RQ Otis landing nipples.
These tools are similar in design with nipple locator dogs serving to locate the proper landing nipple and
positioning the locking mandrel prior to locating and locking. By selecting the position of the running tool the
locking mandrel keys may be placed in the locating or retracted position.
Figure 9.63 Type X Otis Running Tool
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GUIDE TO TYPE X OTIS RUNNING TOOLS
Table 9.17
Mandrel Size/Inches 1.250 1.500 1.625 1.875 2.313

ASSEMBLY NUMBER 41X09 41X013 41X020 41X05 41X06
Maximum O.D/Inches 1.156 1.406 1.593 1.750 2.171
Fishing Neck O.D/Inches 1.000 1.187 1.187 1.375 1.750
Will Engage Fish Neck/Inches 1.875 1.062 1.062 1.375 1.812
Length 29.44 30.94 30.94 29.56 31.25
Top Thread 5/8 -11 15/16 -10 15/16 -10 15/16 -10 5/8-11
Bottom Thread 3/8 -16 3/8 -16 3/8-16 ?-13 3/8 -11
Table 9.18 Type X Otis Running Tool Part List
DET. PART NAME QTY PART PART PART PART PART
NO NO NO NO NO
1 Mandrel Sub Assembly 1 41X045 41X046 41X046 41X049 41X050
2 Shear Pin 1 9P20625 9P20688 9P20688 9P30875 9P31125
3 Retainer Pin 1 41X53 41X20 41X20 41X3 41X11
4 Shear Pin 1 9P31250 9P31500 9P31500 9P41875 9P42250
5 Spring 1 90C888 90C896 90C896 90C808 90C818
6 Spring housing 1 41X49 41X66 41X66 41X38 41X42
7 Core 1 41X338 41X227 41X227 41X230 41X231
8 Spring 1 90C429 90C691 90C691 90C559 90C673
9 Dog Retainer 1 41X56 41X68 41X99 41X39 41X44
10 Dog Weldment 2 41X75 41X73 41X102 41X76 41X74
11 Split Ring 2 41X52 41X22 41X22 41X2 41X13
12 Lug Segment 2 41X51 41X24 41X24 41X4 41X15
13 Retainer Dog 2 41X50 41X107 41X107 41X40 41X43
Mandrel Size/Inches 2.750 2.813 2.875 3.313 3.813 4.562

ASSEMBLY NUBER 41X065 41X028100 41X067 41X025 41X015 41X027
Maximum O.D/Inches 2.687 2.687 2.843 3.750 3.750 4.500
Fishing Neck O.D/Inches 2.313 2.313 2.313 2.313 2.313 3.125
Will Engage Fish Neck/Inches 2.313 2.313 - 2.625 3.125 4.000
Length 32.05 32.06 32.06 33.38 33.38 33.3
Top Thread 1 1/6 -10 1 1/16 -10 1 1/16 -10 1 1/16 -10 1 1/16 -10 1 1/16 -10
Bottom Thread ¾ -10 ¾ -10 ¾ -10 1 3/8 -12 2 1/8 -12 2 ½ -10
Table 9.19
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Table 9.20
DET. PART NAME QTY PART PART PART PART PART PART
NO NO NO NO NO NO
1 Mandrel Sub Assembly 1 41X047 41X047 41X047 41X051 41X048 41X052
2 Shear Pin 1 0P41375 9P41375 9P41375 9P62000 9P62500 9P63125
3 Retainer Pin 1 41X29 41X29 41X29 41X125 41X78 41X142
4 Shear Pin 1 9P42812 9P42812 9P42812 9P43380 9P43750 9P44500
5 Spring 1 90C895 90C895 90C895 90C1194 90C929 90CN1207
6 Spring housing 1 41X61 41X61 41X61 41X124 41X77 41X143
7 Core 1 41X286 41X286 41X286 41X233 41X241 41X232
8 Spring 1 90C742 90C742 90C742 90C1193 90C928 90C1391
9 Dog Retainer 1 41X62 41X62 41X136 41X134 41X86 41X145
10 Dog Weldment 2 41X75 41X277 41X139 41X133 41X84 41X146
11 Split Ring 2 41X31 41X31 41X31 41X128 41X80 41X149
12 Lug Segment 2 41X32 41X32 41X32 41X126 41X79 41X150
13 Retainer Dog 2 41X60 41X60 41X60 41X131 41X81 41X151
9.6.10
OTIS “R” Running Tool
- USED TO RUN R AND RN LOCKING MANDRELS WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
Table 9.21 Conversion chart to convert 'X" runing tool to "R' running tool
‘X’ Running ‘R’ Nipple Parts to be changed ‘R’ Running

Tool Bore Part From To Tool
1.50” 1.710” Locator Dog 41 x 73 41 x 157 1.50”
41 x 013 Dog Retainer 41 x 68 41 x160 41RO17101
2.00” 1.781” Locator Dog 41 x 76 41 x 164 2.00”
41 x 05 Core 41 x 230 41 x 239 41RO17801
2.125” Locator Dog 41 x 76 41 x 5 2.00”
Dog Retainer 41 x 39 41 x 240 41RO21201
Core 41 x 230 41 x 239
2.50” 2.188” Locator Dog 41 x 74 41 x 5 2.50”
41 x 06 Core 41 x 231 41 x 240 41RO23801
2.313” Core 41 x 231 41 x 240 2.50”
41RO23101
2.562” Locator Dog 41 x 74 41 x 181 2.50”
Dog Retainer 41 x 44 41 x 182 41RO25601
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Figure 9.65 R Running Tool Otis Figure 9.65 R Lock Mandrel Otis
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Figure 9.66 Type R Otis Running Tool
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9.6.11 OTIS Test Tools
Tools or plugs that hold pressure from above only.
Uses of Test Tools

- To test tubing - usually immediately after running tubing and prior to perforating.
- Set the hydraulic packer.
- Protect the lower formation while stimulating the upper zone.
Types of Test Tools

- ‘N’ Test Tool
- ‘X’ Selective Test Tool
- Modified PX Test Tool
‘N’ Test Tool
Designed to run into the XN nipple and seat against the no-go ring while sealing in the packing bore. As pressure
will only be held from above, all V-packings face upward.
A built in check valve permits easy equalizing. This check valve has a rubber seal for
low pressure sealing, with a high pressure metal to seat included.
This same design of check or equalizing device is utilized also on the ‘X’ Selective and Modified ‘PX’ Test
Tools.
It is usual to test againts the ‘N’ Test Tool after removing the toolstring from the well. However if the wire and
toolstring is to be left attached to the ‘N’test during the pressure test, the following precautions should be
observed :
(i). Pressure test the lubricator assembly immediately prior to running the ‘N’ test tool.
This is to ensure there are no minor leaks which could invalidate a tubing pressure test.
(ii). Ensure the tubing is clean, Pressure testing ‘flexes’ tubing and will deposit any scale and sand around the
toolstring.
If there is any doubt - remove the toolstring during the test.
(iii). After the test, bleed the pressure off ‘slowly’ while pulling a bind on the wire with the hydraulics of wireline
unit.
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Refer to Figure 9.67 for Otis N Test Tool Functional Analysis
Figure 9.67 Otis N Test Tool
‘X’ Selective Test Tool
Operation
The Otis type ‘X’ Selective Test Tool tests tubing, locates leaks, or sets hydraulic set packers. Designed to hold
pressure from above, the type ‘X’ selective test tool may be set in compatible ‘X’or XN landing nipples in the
tubing string.
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Keys retracted, the tool is run to a point below the desired nipple in the selective position, then picked up to trip to
non-selective position, this expands the ‘X’profile keys and locates when the tool is lowered.
Pressure may be applied from above.
Design Benefits
1. Designed for high pressure ratings, 8,000 to 10,000 psi (depending on size ).
2. Located in the lowest nipple, and then moving up the tubing with the test tool to minimize wireline trips.
3. Can be set in SSD profile.

4. Can isolate the section of tubing which may be leaking.
Refer to Figure for Selective Test Tool Operational Analysis
Figure 9.68 Otis 'X' Selective Test Tool
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9.6.12 OTIS Tubing Perforator
Otis A Perforator
The type ‘A’ Otis Perforator is a mechanically operated perforator used to perforate standard and heavy wall
tubing. Perforating procedures are carried out under pressure with standard wireline tools.
No explosives are used. The danger of premature perforating is reduced and possibility of perforating the casing is
eliminated.
Applications have included perforating to :
1. Provide access to the casing annulus to circulate or kill the well.
2. Bring in additional production zones.
3. Permit production through the tailpipe that has been plugged for remedial procedures and cannot be opened by
regular methods.
4. To gaslift old wells that do not have gaslift mandrels.
Benefits of Design Principle
(i) Greater tubing penetration.
(ii) Positive indication of perforation on removal of the tool.
(iii) Safety release mechanism used for removal of the perforator from the tubing without perforating.
(iv) The perforator is designed to withdraw the punch and release automatically after perforating.
(v) Utilizes upward jarring for perforating action.
The standard size of hole punched by the perforator is 3/8”, but this can be varied ± 1/16”
(i.e. 5/ 16” or 7/8”) by changing the punch and bushing.
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Otis A Perforator Mechanism Analysis:
Figure 9.69 Otis A Perforator
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(i) Pre-setting stop (ii) Running with stop attached
Figure 9.70 Perforator Running and Accesories Option
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‘F’ Perforator Collet Stop
The ‘F’ Perforator Collet Stop is designed to screw directly into the base of the perforator (or via the knuckle
joint).
Figure V – 43 F’ Perforator Collet Stop Functional Features
Figure 9.71 'F' Perforator Collet Stop
It is set in the same manner as the ‘F’ Collar Stop but by attaching to the perforator. Time is saved setting and
pulling the Collet Stop.
5.5.1.2. T Perforator Stop
The ‘T’ Perforator Stop is attached to the perforator.
Figure V - 44 T Perforator Stop Functional Features.
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Figure 9.72 'T' Perforator Stop
Running in slowly, the whole assembly can be lowered to perforating depth.
Rapid downward movement ‘overruns’ the slips.
The stop then provides a firm base on which to trip the perforator.
1.1.1 CAMCO “A” Series Running Tools

Camco A series running tools are wireline service tools used to install Camco A series
slip locks in the tubing string.
The A series running tools consist of a body with a fishing neck and a pin thread
connection on the upper end and a prong on the lower end which attaches to the A series
slip lock with a shear pin.
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Figure 9.73 Camco A
Series Running Tool
With A series running tools, upward jarring sets the lock, and continued upward jarring releases the running tool
from the lock.
Refer to Table 9.18 for A-Running Tool Specification
Table 9.22 'A' Series Running Tool Technical Data
Engineering Data for A Series Running Tool
Nominal Assembly Connecting Maximu Fishing Pulling Shear Pin Length

Size Number Thread m O.D. Neck Tool* Diameter
(Pin) (in.) O.D (in.) (in.) (in.)
2 15002 5 1.187 1.187 15166 3 6.250

1 - 10 or ¼
16 16
2½ 15004 5 1.375 1.375 15168 3 6.906
1 - 10 or ¼
16 16
3 15005 5 1.750 1.375 15168 5 5.750
1 - 10 ¼ or
16 16
4 15006 1 2.750 2.312 15172 5 6.125
1 - 10 ¼ or
16 16
* For retrieval of A Series running tools
9.6.13 CAMCO “JU”Tools

The’ Jar Up’ series is the standard Camco to shear and release tool, and it is available with the following core /
reach options:
All Camco type pulling tools have dogs which are machined from one piece of steel, as opposed to the Otis type
which have 3 independent dogs. The one-piece design ensures that the load is taken equally on all 3 dogs.
Notes on CAMCO JU and JD tools:

The JU can be converted to the JD by changing the following parts:
(i) Top sub.
(ii) Core nut.
(iii) Retainer screw.
The cores for JU and JD are identical. A comparison of the construction of the JU and JD tools is:
- the JU is identified by the grub screw which is visible in the top sub. The JD has no such screw visible.
This difference is the only quick method of identifying the shear direction of these tools.
Notes on CAMCO and OTIS tools:

The dog profile on the Camco tools is 90º. The Otis tools and compatible equipment have 20º undercut.
The OD of the Camco tools is larger than the equivalent Otis tool. No releasing tool required for Camco. Same
pinning tool as Otis. Remove the top sub spring to insert the shear pin
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In general, Camco tools are having larger OD than the equivalent Otis tools of the same nominal size. However,
Otis tool dogs expand outside the skirt OD when sheared.
Table 9.23 Comparision with Otis
Core JU Assembly Reach JD Assembly Otis Core Equivalent

‘C’ JUC Short JDC ‘B’
‘S’ JUS Medium JDS ‘S’
‘L’ JUL Long ‘J’
* Not interchangeable with Camco - This is for comparison
Pinning for all Camco tools is the same as for Otis and is screwed into the prong thread in the bottom end of the
core. The main spring is compressed by rotating the plate against the skirt until the shear pin holes are aligned and
the new pin is inserted.
Latching Position. (b) Releasing Position
Figure 9.74 JUC Pulling Tool
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9.6.14 CAMCO “JD”Tools
The JD series is the standard Camco jar down to shear and release tool. It can be used as a running tool when
downward jar action is required to release equipment downhole. It is available with 2 core reach options:
JDC - short reach option - To latch rope socket type fishing necks.
JDS - medium reach option - To latch fishing necks with thread, such as stem etc.
No releasing tool is required, as the dogs can be retracted manually and compresses the dog spring.
Shear Pin
The choice of brass or steel shear pins depends on the conditions in the well. Factors which influence the decision
are:
• The amount of force required / available to shear the pin.
• The amount of stem in the tool string.
• The depth at which the tool is to be sheared.
• The well deviation.
• The well fluid – less acceleration available in heavy fluid wells than in gas.
• The tool from which the running / pulling tool is to be released.
• The type of jars in use on the tool string – mechanical only or upstroke jars.
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Latching Position (b) Releasing Position
Figure 9.22 JDC Pulling Tool
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Pulling Tool Data: Refer to table 9.9 for Pulling Tool data.
Table 9.24 Pulling Tool Specification
CAMCO Type OTIS Type

Will Part # Reach OD Camco Size Otis OD Reach Part # Will
Engaged (Ins) (Ins) Type (Ins) Type (Ins) (Ins) Engaged
(Ins) (Ins)
1 RRR 0.970 1.328 40QR12 0.750
1 SB 0.970 1.000 40SB25 0.687
1 S 0.880 1.000 40RS12 0.687
1 3/16 SM 1.190 1.680 40SM4 0.875
1 3/16 RB 1.190 1.300 40QB11 0.875
1 1/4 SB 1.220 1.280 40SB14 1.000
1 1/4 RB 1.220 1.219 40RB10 1.000
1 1/4 RS 1.220 2.125 40RS10 1.000
0.875 15151 1.937 1.281 JDC 1 1/4
0.875 15116 2.688 1.291 JDS 1 1/4
1.000 15153 1.875 21.375 JDC
1.888 15174 1.094 1.422 JUC 1 1/2 RB 1.430 1.265 40QB14 1.188
1.888 15194 1.844 1.422 JUS 1 1/2 RS 1.430 1.797 40RS5 1.188
1 1/2 RJ 1.430 2.547 40RJ5 1.188
1 1/2 SB 1.437 0.688 40SB3 1.188
1 1/2 SB 1.437 1.297 40SB6 1.188
1 1/2 SS 1.430 1.780 40SS3 1.188
1 1/2 SM 1.380 1.578 40SM4 0.875
1.66 SM 1.188 1.680 40SM7 0.875
1.188 15155 1.843 1.626 JDS 1 5/8
1 3/4 RS 1.562 1.757 40RS14 1.188
1.357 15176 1.438 1.859 JUC 2 RB 1.770 1.219 RORB1 1.375
1.357 15196 2.125 1.859 JUS 2 RS 1.770 1.984 7 1.37
1.357 40RS0
1.357 15156 1.438 1.859 JDC 2 SB 1.766 1.219 1.375
2 SM 1.770 1.640 40SM1 1.375
1.357 15108 2.125 1.859 JDC 2 SS 1.770 2.930 40SM1 1.375
40SS1
1.750 1578 1.313 2.250 JUC 2 1/2 RB 2.180 1.203 1.750
1.750 15198 2.188 2.250 JUS 2 1/2 RS 2.180 1.984 40RB18 1.750
2 1/2 RJ 2.180 2.547 40RS7 1.750
1.750 15158 1.313 2.250 JDC 2 1/2 SB 2.180 1.281 40RJ2 1.750
1.750 15170 2.188 2.250 JDS 2 1/2 SS 2.180 2.000 40SB2 1.750
40SS2
2.310 15180 1.438 2.796 JUC 3 RB 2.740 1.297 2.310
2.310 15200 2.125 2.796 JUS 3 RS 2.740 2.190 40RB19 2.310
3 SB 2.734 1.380 40RS8 2.310
2.310 15160 1.438 2.796 JDC 3 SB 2.844 1.500 40SB9 2.310
2.310 15172 2.125 2.796 JDS 3 SS 2.840 2.210 40SSB7 2.310
40SS4
3 1/2 RB 3.350 2.750
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9.6.15 CAMCO Z-5 Running Tool
Used to run Z-5 Collar Lock.
Figure 9.76 Camco Z-5 Running Tool
Camco Z - 5 series running tools are wireline service tools used to install Camco Z - 5 collar locks in collar
recesses in the tubing string. Z -5 series running tools consist of a fishing neck and a pin thread connection on the
upper end an upper adapter, an inner mandrel, a ratchet assembly, a running prong and a skirt housing on the lower
and which
attaches to the appropriate collar lock with shear pins.
The running prong, which is used to set the lock, also attaches to the collar lock’s inner sleeve with shear pins.
Upward jarring sets the collar lock, and the ratchet assembly captures the inner mandrel and running prong
assembly so that downward motion cannot unset the lock.
Continued upward jarring release the prong and the skirt housing from the collar lock.
Table 9.25 Z-5 Series Running Tool Specifications
ENGINEERING DATA FOR Z-5 SERIES RUNNING TOOLS

Nominal Assembly Maximum Connecting Prong Fishing Pulling Shear Pin Length
Size Number O.D (In.) Thread Connection Neck Tool. Diameter (In.)
(Pin) Thread O.D (In.) (In.)
(Box)
1 1/2 15042 1.445 15/16” -10 N/A 1.187 15166 1/8. 13.516
2 15044 1.750 15/16” -11 1/2” -13 1.375 15168 3/16. 15.046
2 1/2 15045 2.125 15/16” -12 1/2” -14 1.375 15168 3/16. 15.593
3 15046 2.687 15/16” -13 1/2” -15 1.375 15168 3/16. 16.968
3 1/2 15047 2.698 15/16” -14 1/2” -16 1.375 15168 3/16. 16.781
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When removing the Z-5 collar lock, the appropriate J series pulling tool and prong are lowered to the lock.
Simultaneously, the prong moves the inner sleeve downward, releasing the locking dogs and latching the lock
fishing neck. The lock can then be pulled from the well.
ORDERING INFORMATION :
Please specify assembly number, tubing weight, size and thread type, percent of H2O, H2S and CO2.
Table 9.26 Z-5 Collar Lock Specifications
ENGINEERING DATA
Tubing Maximum O. D
Assembly Dogs Dogs
O.D. Weight Number Retrached Extended I.D Bore Runnin Pulling Pulling
(Nominal) (lb/ft) (Inches) (Inches) (Inches) g Tool Tool Prong
(Inches)
1.900 (1-1/2) 2.9 10717 1.453 1.770 562 15042 15154 15042-006
2.375 (2) 4.7 10719 1.843 2.156 828 15044 15156 15044-008
2.875 (2-1/2) 6.5 10720 2.281 2.562 1.062 15045 15158 15045-008
3.500 (3) 9.3 10721 2.719 3.188 1.375 15046 15160 15046-008
4.000 (3-1/2) 11.0 10726 3.281 3.688 1.515 15047 15160 15587
4.500 (4) 12.75 10724 3.800 4.25 1.515 15047 15160 15587
1.1.1 CAMCO Z-6 Running Tool

Used to run the camco db-6 lock mandrel
Camco DB - 6 Lock
The Camco DB – 6 Lock is designed primarily to run safety valves. It is run on the Z – 6 running tool and pulled
with a PRS series pulling tool.
The DB – 6 is a no – go lock with the no – go shoulder on the lock/immediately below the ‘locking dogs’.
Setting Procedure
1. When the lock is positioned in the nipple, downward jar action shears the lower set of shear pins and forces the
collet down behind the locking dogs.
2. When the collet has moved fully, the 6 pieces of shear pins are forced into a groove by the ‘garter spring’.
Note: The full movement of the collet can be verified by checking the Z – 6 running tool when it is returned to the
surface. The spring should have move into the groove in the plunger. If not, the lock should be pulled and reset.
3. Once the lock is set, upward jarring shears the upper set of shear pins and the Z – 6 running tool is retrieved.
CAMCO Z - 6 Running Tool Operation
The Z - 6 Running Tool is used to install Camco DB series no - go locks.
General Operating Principle
The Z – 6 is pinned into the top of the appropriate DB series lock mandrel with 2 sets of the shear pins. When the
complete assembly is lowered into the well, the no – go lock locates in the DB nipple profile. Downward jarring
shears, the lower set of shear pins and as the running tool ‘plunger’ moves downward, it forces the ‘expander
mandrel’ of the lockdown which expands the keys into the profile.
Upward jarring shears, the top set of shear pins and the Z – 6 running tools is recovered. There is a thread in the
nose of the Z – 6 for a running prong, if required.
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Refer to figure 9.77 for DB - 6 Lock understanding of mechanism
Refer to figure 9.78 for Z - 6 Running Tool Function to DB - 6 Lock
Figure 9.77 DB-6 Lock

Camco
Figure 9.78 Z-6 Running Tool Camco
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1.1.1 CAMCO - D and D-1 Running Tool
D and D-1 Running Tool - install the Camco C Lock in D Landing Nipple and CS Lock in
DS Nipple.
The D-1 Tool differs from the D Tool only in its ability to receive a special prong for
special operations.
Refer to Figure 9.79 for D Running Tool Types.

Refer to Table 9.25 for D Running Tool Types Specification.
Figure 9.79 D Running

Tool Types
Table 9.27 Type D Running Tool Specifications
SIZ TYPE ASSEMBL MAX TOOL CONNECTING USED TO RUN

E Y NO. O.D. FISHIN THREAD PIN
(IN.) (IN.) G NECK
O.D (IN.)
1” D 15010 1.125 1.188 15 C Lock
- 10
16
1 ½” D-1 15021 1.474 1.188 15 1 ½” C Lock
- 10
16
1 ¾” D 15015 1.750 1.375 15 C Lock
- 10
16
2” D 15017 1.861 1.375 15 2” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
2 ½” D 15019 2.296 1.375 15 2 ½” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
3” D-1 15026 2.875 1.375 15 3” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
4” D 15020 3.813 2.313 1 4” C or CS Lock
1 - 10
16
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THE DT RUNNING TOOLS are identical to the D Running Tools with the exception that the “DT” has a tattle
tail which gives positive indication as to whether or not the “C” or “CS” lock has been set.
Table 9.28 DT Running Tool Types Specifications

(IN.) (IN.) G NECK
O.D (IN.)
1” DT 15780 1.123 1.188 15 C Lock
- 10
16
1 ½” DT 15781 1.468 1.188 15 1 ½” C Lock
- 10
16
1 ¾” DT 15782 1.750 1.375 15 C Lock
- 10
16
2” DT 15783 1.859 1.375 15 2” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
2 ½” DT 15784 2.296 1.375 15 2 ½” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
3” DT 15785 2.875 1.375 15 3” C or CS Lock
- 10
16
4” DT 15786 3.812 2.312 1 4” C or CS Lock
1 - 10
16
THE DB RUNNING TOOL is designed to install the C and CS Lock in combination with an A Blanking Plug in
the appropriate D or DS Nipple. The DB Tool is the same in operation as the D and D-1 Tools, with the only
difference being a longer running skirt in order to house the retrievable equalizing prong of the A Plug Assembly.
Table 9.29 DB Running Tool Types Specifications

(IN.) (IN.) G NECK
O.D (IN.)
1 ¾” DB 15034 1.750 1.375 15 1 ¾” C Lock w/A
- 10 Plug
16
2” DB 15035 1.859 1.375 15 2” C or CS lock w/
- 10 A Plug
16
2 ½” DB 15037 2.296 1.375 15 2 ½” C or CS Lock
- 10 w/ A plug
16
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Camco D series running tools are wireline service tools used to install Camco
C series, CS series, HP-C or C-BNS no-go locks and attached subsurface
control devices in appropriate Camco D series no-go landing nipples.
D series running tools consist of a fishing neck and a pin thread connection on
the upper end, a plunger and a skirt housing on the lower end which attaches to
the appropriate lock with shear pins.
Most D series running tools are internally threaded to receive a prong for
equalizing operations. With D series running tools, downward jarring sets the
lock, and upward jarring releases the running tool from the lock.
The D running tool series includes D, D-1, D-HP, DB, DB-T, DB-HP and DT
running tools which have the same basic configurations.
D, D-1, DB, DB-T and DT running tools are used to install C series,
CS series or C-BNS locks, and D-HP and DB-HP running tools are used to
install HP-C locks.
DB running tools are also used to install Camco CEV equalizing dummy
valves in Camco MM series mandrels. D-1, DB, DB-T, and DB-HP running
tools are used to install Camco A series blanking plugs on the appropriate
locks. DB-T and DT running tools also feature a tattletale device which
provides a positive indication that the lock has been set.
Figure 9.23 Camco D Series

Running Tool Types
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Table 9.30 D Series Running Tool Specifications
Engineering Data for D Series Running Tool

Nomina Type Assembly Maximum Connecting Prong Fishing Pullin Shear Pin Length
l Size Number O.D (In.) Thread Connecting Neck g Diameters (in.)
(Pin) Thread O.D Tool* (in.)
(Box) (in.)
1.000” D 15010 1.250” 15/16” 10 - 1.187” 15166 1/8” 10.062”
1.000” DT 15780 1.250” 15/16” 10 - 1.187” 15166 1/8” 11.812
1.500” D-1 15021 1.468” 15/16” 10 - 1.187” 15166 3/16” 17.093
1.500” DT 15781 1.474” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.187” 15166 3/16” 16.843
1.500” D-HP 13063 1.750” 15/16” 10 11/16” 16 1.187” 15166 3/16” 13.312
1.500” DB-HP 13064 1.750” 15/16” 10 11/16” 16 1.187” 15166 3/16” 15.812
1.750” D 15015 1.750” 15/16” 10 - 1.375” 15168 3/16” 11.093
1.750” DB 15034 1.750” 15/16” 10 - 1.375” 15168 3/16” 12.656
1.750” DT 15782 1.750” 15/16” 10 - 1.375” 15168 3/16” 12.500
2.0625” DB 15040 1.474” 15/16” 10 - 1.187” 15166 3/16” 17.093
2.000” D 15017 1.861” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 15.984
2.000” DB 15035 1.861” 15/16” 10 - 1.375” 15168 3/16” 17.906
2.000” DT 15783 1.861” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 15.984
2.000” D-HP 13065 2.031” 15/16” 10 11/16” 16 1.187” 15166 3/16” 12.500
2.000” DB-HP 13066 2.031” 15/16” 10 11/16” 16 1.187” 15166 3/16” 15.250
2.125” D 15057 2.160” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 18.500
2.125” DB 15055 2.160” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 18.500
2.500” D 15019 2.296” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 18.500
2.500” DB 15037 2.296” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 18.500
2.500” DB-T 13005 2.296” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 1/8” 18.000
3.000” D-HP 15101 2.610” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 21.125
3.000” DB-HP 15083 2.610” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.187” 15166 3/16” 25.312
3.000” D-1 15026 2.797” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 1.375” 15168 3/16” 19.000
3.000” DT 15785 2.797” 15/16” 10 1/2” 13 & 1.375” 15168 3/16” 19.187
1” 11 1/2
LP
4.000” D 15020 3.781” 1 1/16” 10 1 1/4” 12 2.312” 15172 3/16” 19.906
4.000” DT 15786 3.781” 1 1/16” 10 - 2.312” 15172 3/16” 20.343
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1.1.1 CAMCO “W” Series Running Tools
USED TO RUN M SERIES SELECTIVE LOCKS
Refer to Figure VI - 18 for W Running Tool Types

Mechanism Analysis.
Refer to Table VI - J for W Series Running Tools
Specification.
Refer to Figure VI - 18.1 A for W-1 Running Tool
Parts Identification.
THE WC-1 RUNNING TOOLS are used to set CAMCO WB Series Safety Valves and CAMCO M Locks in
CAMCO W Series Selective Landing Nipples.
NOTE: When a CAMCO MA Blanking Plug, which is

run on a CAMCO M Lock, is to be installed, a W-1
Running Tool must be used. All other control devices
can be run on the WC-1 Running Tool.
THE W-1 RUNNING TOOLS are used to install a

CAMCO MA Blanking Plug, which is run on a CAMCO
M Lock, in CAMCO W and WB Series Selective
Landing Nipples.
NOTE : Although the W-1 Running

Tools will set CAMCO WB Series Safety Valves and
CAMCO M Locks in CAMCO W Series Selective
Landing Nipples, the preferred tool to use for these operations
Is the WC-1 Running Tool (Figure X).
Figure 9.81 Camco W-1 Running Tool
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(a) W-1 Running Tool (b) WC-1 Running Tool. (c) WC-1 Running Tool
Figure 9.82 W Series Running Tools
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SIZE TYPE ASSEMBLY MAX. O.D TOOL CONNECTIN USED TO RUN
(IN.) NO. (IN.) FISHING G THREAD
NECK O.D PIN
(IN.)
1 ½” W-1 15139 1.474 1.188 15 1 ½” M Lock

- 10
16
2” WC-1 15225 1.843 1.375 15 2” M lock and 2” WB-6
- 10 Safety Valves
16
2” W-1 15140 1.843 1.375 15 2” M Lock
- 10
16
2 ½” WC-1 15226
2 ½” M lock and 2 ½”
WC- 15788 2.281 1.375 15 WB-6 Safety Valves
- 10
IT 16
2 ½” W-1 15142 2.281 1.375 15 2 ½” M Lock
- 10
16
3” W-1 15144 2.781 1.375 15 3” M Lock
- 10
16
Table 9.31 Type W Series Running Tools
1.1.1 CAMCO PRS Pulling Tool

The Camco PRS pulling tool is designed to latch internal fishing necks. This series includes the PRS, PRS-2, and
PRS-3 types.
1. PRS - Shears down to release (equivalent to the GS)

2. PRS-2 - Has a reversible shear releasing feature (equivalent to the GS/GR)
3. PRS-3 - Also has a reversible shear releasing feature, but are designed with an extended core to release the
Otis’D’ lock (equivalent to GRL).
This version will not be covered in this section as its use is restricted to pulling ‘D’ locks
B. Description of operations
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As the PRS is lowered into the “fishing-neck” (1), the “collet” (11) moves upwards against the “spring” (8) and the
collet fingers collapse to enter the fishing neck,. Once fully engaged the ”spring” (8) pushes to “collet” (11) back
down, and the collet fingers are held in the expanded position by the “collet core” (12).
Upward jarring extends the fishing neck of the lock and releases the lock from the nipple profile.
In the event that the lock will not release,Figure

downward jarring
9.83 W-1 (on theTool
Running PRS) will shear the “pin” (6) (brass or steel,
Camco
depending on conditions). The “collet” (11) collapses to release from the “fishing neck” of the lock mandrel and
the tool can be retrieved.
Once the tool is sheared, the “ratchet sleeve” (4) holds the core in the downward position. The tool must always be
redressed after shearing.
On the PRS-2, shearing can either be by upward or downward jarring. The required direction is set at the surface
by changing the position of the sleeve and spring to the other side of the stop on the inner mandrel.
Note : This reversible feature is only available on tools of 3½” nominal size and smaller.
All PRS series tools have threads in the nose of the core to attach the equalizing prongs.
132 | P a g e Rev. 0
PRS
C. Releasing Procedure
To release on the surface
1. Place a pin punch or rod of the appropriate size through the ‘J’ slot and into the hole of the collet.
2. Retract the collet upwards against the collet spring.
3. Lock the punch or rod into the ‘J’ of the slot in the collet housing.
4. Slide the pulling tool from the fishing neck.
D. PRS
To release (shear) downhole:
The PRS pulling tool can be released from the subsurface device without pulling the device, by downward jarring.
Downward jarring brings the collet housing of the PRS in contact with the top of the subsurface device. The
impact force is transmitted on to the shear pin.
Continued downward jarring shears the pin and moves the inner mandrel downwards to engage the buttress threads
on the inner mandrel with the ratchet sleeve. The ratchet sleeve holds the inner mandrel in a downward position to
ensure the collet cannot relatch the fishing neck.
As the inner mandrel travels downward, the collet core moves out from under the collet fingers. The collet fingers
move inward into the reduced diameter of the collet cover, at which time the pulling tool can be separated from the
device.
Redress the pulling tool after shearing to release.
E. PRS-2
Check the shear to release direction prior to running in the well.
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Refer to Figure V - 29 PRS pulling tool mechanism analysis
Figure 9.84 PRS pulling tool
1.1.1
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1.1.2 BAKER C-1 RUNNING TOOL
A. C-1 Running Tool (# 811-06)
The Baker C-1 Running Tool is used to run flow

control devices, which are run attached to locks with
external fishing necks.
Tangential shear pins are inserted thru the running

tool to attach it to the lock.
A seal bore locator ring provides the top no-go

location and setting.
Figure 9.85 C-1 Running Tool
The thread protector of the same OD as the running
tool body, replaces the locator ring if the top no-go
location is not required.
A female thread inside the C-1 running tool accepts

the ‘A’ or N-1 shank.
B. ‘A’ Shank (# 811-80)
Used with the C-1 running tool to run ‘S’, ‘W’, and
‘Z’ locks (with dogs retracted) during running.
It can also be used as a prong carrier.
Figure 9.86 A Shank
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B.1 MODEL ‘A’ Shank Dimensional Data Points
In certain lengths the model ‘A’ shank is a lock retention device which, when made
up to the running tool (type ‘C’), keeps the keys to downfacing ‘S’, TS, ‘W’, and
‘Z’ type locks retracted while running in.
In certain other lengths, it serves merely as a crossover from the running tool to the
model ‘A’ and ‘B’ prongs.
Refer to Table 9.28 for A Shank Specification.
B.2 Model ‘A’ Shank (#811-80) Specification.

Figure 9.87 A Shank
Dimensional Data Points
Table 9.32 Model ‘A’ Shank Specification Table
Dimensional Data (inches)
Accessory Shank Size ‘B’ ‘C’ ‘D’ ‘X’ ‘Y’

Size Dia. * Length Dimension ‘A’
‘W’ / ‘Z’ Locks ‘S’ / TS
Locks
Retracted Trailing Trailing
1.18 – 1.25 1.660 5.62 4.00 4.62 0.88 1.31 0.490 7/16 -14 ¼ - 20
1.43 – 1.62 1.900 – 5.88 4.75 1.00 1.62 0.693 5/8 -11 7/16 -14
2 1/16
1.78 – 1.87 2 3/8 6.12 5.00 1.00 1.25 0.827 ¾ - 16 ½ -13
2.25 – 2.31 2 7/8 6.09 4.69 1.00 0.97 1.156 1- 14 ½ - 13
2.75 – 2.81 3½ 6.69 5.31 1.25 1.00 1.406 1- 14 5/8 – 11
3.68 – 3.81 4½ - 4.75 - 1.31 1.00 2.031 1- 14 5/8 - 11
* Also the size of the TS type accessories
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C. Model ‘B’ Probe Dimensional Data Points.
The ‘B’ probe is used to close the locks on any flow control
device having a ‘W’ or ‘Z’ (top or bottom no-go) lock.
The model ‘B’ probe retracts the locks before the pulling tool
latches on. The flange shoulders against the fishing neck when
setting or jarring down.
Figure 9.88 B Probe Data Points
Table 9.33 B Probe Part Numbers
Parts List
Size and Commodity Number
1.660” 1.900 – 2 1/16” 2 3/8” 2 7/8” 3 1/2” 4 ½”
812-07-4619 812-07-4624* 812-07-4621 812-07-4622 812-07-4623 812-07-4626
812-08-4624+
* 3/8” – 16N pin up for Otis pulling tool.
+ ½” – 13N pin up for Camco pulling tool.
Table 9.34 B Probe Dimensional Data Points
Dimensional Data (inches)

Lock Probe Size ‘A’ ‘B’ ‘C’ ‘D’ ‘E’ ‘F’ ‘X’ ‘Y’
size
1.18-1.25 1.660 0.490 0.688 0.53 6.28 0.50 3/8 -16 ¼ -20
1.43-1.62 1.990 – 2 1/16 0.693 0.938 0.41 0.69 3/8 -16* 7/16 -14
0.69 or ½ -13
1.78-1.87 2 3/8 0.827 1.062 0.53 7.09 0.88 ½ -13
2.25-2.31 2 7/8 1.132 1.500 7.22
2.75-2.81 3½ 1.382 2.000 0.50 7.75 1.00 5/8 -11
3.68-3.81 4½ 2.031 2 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/8 8½ 1.00 1¼ 5/8 -11
-12N
* When ordering specific pin up for pulling tool : 3/6 -16N for Otis, ½ -13N for Camco.
D.Model ‘A’/AC Probes
The model ‘A’ probe can carry a prong made up to its lower
end, in place of the set screw.
The model AC probe, not being equipped to carry a prong,

should be run in all areas where the prong is not required.
The model ‘A’ or AC probe is used to close the up facing locks

on any flow control device having ‘S’ or TS selective locks.
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A Probe AC Probe
Figure 9.90 A Probe Types
As it penetrates the fishing neck, the blade automatically swivels by passing the down facing locks and retracting
the up facing locks before the pulling tool latches on. The core extension shoulders against the fishing neck of the
accessory when setting or jarring down.
Parts List
Item # Part Name # Size and Commodity Number
Reqd
1.660" 3 3 7 3½" 4½ "
1.900 – 2 " 2 " 2 "
16 8 8
- Model ‘A’ 1 812-06-4630 812-06-4635* 812-06-4632 812-06-4633 812-06-3634 812-06-4638
probe 812-06-4631+
- Model ‘AC’ 1 812-08-4619 812-08-4620* 812-08-4621 812-08-4622 812-08-4623 812-08-4638
probe 812-08-4624+
1 Spindle 1 - 01-7082-00* 01-95975-00 01-95985-00 02-10828-00
01-95975-00+
2 Spacer 1 - 01-95976-00 01-95979-00 01-95982-00 01-95986-00 02-10829-00
3 Retaining Nut 01-05072-00 01-05077-00 01-95980-00 01-95983-00 01-95987-00 02-10827-00
4 Blade Mode 1 01-95973-00 01-95973-00 01-95978-00 01-95984-00 01-95988-00 02-10826-00
l ‘A’
Mode 01-80867-00 01-80863-00 01-80869-00 01-80870-00 01-80871-00 02-11874-00
l AC
5 Socket set 1 WW-G718-1H0 WW-G71F-1S0 WW-G71H-1S0 WW-G7M-
screw ( ¼ - 20 X 1 ½ ") 7 3 1W0
Half dog (
16
- 14 X 1
4 3 5 1
( ½ - 13 x 1
4
") 5 (
8
- 11 x 1 ")
8
") ( - 11 x 1
3
7
")
8
6 Core extension 1 01-70445-00 -
7 Spindle nut 1 01-95971-00 -
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E. Model ‘N’ Shank /‘N’ Probe.
* The model ‘N’ shank is used to run the model ‘N’ lock with the C-1 running tool.
* The model ‘N’ probe is used to pull the model ‘N’ lock with the Otis RB pulling tool.
Figure 9.91.1 N shank Figure 9.56.1 N Probe
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9.6.16 PETROLINE DU Tool
The Petroline DU pulling tool is to pull locks etc. fitted with an internal fishing neck. It has been designed to
overcome the limitations imposed by the single shear direction of the GS and GR tools.
The DU provides the option to jar down with no chance of shearing the pin until upward jarring prepares the DU
to be sheared off by further downward jarring. This means that locks can be jarred downwards to break the ‘set’ of
the keys in the profile, and any ‘bonding’ which can occur between the packing and the seal bore.
This has always been the desired action before attempting to pull a lock, and the reason why the GR is correct but
the GS is often utilized. The DU permits downward jarring to loosen the lock, followed by the upward jarring to
unlock the keys.
A. Sequence of operation
1. The DU is pinned with 2 shear pins as shown in positions ‘A’ and ‘B’.
Unlimited downward jar action can be applied as there is no shear force on the pins.
2. Upward jar action shears pin ‘A’, and the upper sections of the DU move upward. The lockdown keys segments
are forced inwards by the steel belt spring, and the ratchet grips the ratchet mandrel. These 2 devices prevent the
upper section from returning to its original position.
This position is known as the ‘pre-release position”.
Downward jar force passes through the lockdown keys to act on the lower shear pin ‘B’.
When pin ‘B’ shears, the latch fingers retract releasing the fishing neck so that the tools can be recovered to the
surface.
B. Design features
The telescopic inner mandrel permits the shear release mechanism to function even if the primary device fails.
This design permits shearing and releasing of the tool, even if the fishing neck is partially blocked with debris, to
prevent the core moving down far enough to permit contact between the outer sleeve and the fishing neck.
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(i) Unlimited (ii) Upward Jarring (iii) Downward Jarring to
Downward Jarring Shifts DU into ‘pre- release if necessary
normal position release position release position
Figure 9.92 Petroline DU Tool Operating Sequences
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9.6.17 Control Tools
Tools that locates and hold flow control devices in the tubing string.
“F” Collar Stop
The ‘ F ’ Collar Stop is designed to be set in the collar recesses of EU and tubing.
Figure 9.93 Otis F Collar Stop
It is run and pulled on an SB pulling tool.
To run:
Place the collet in the lower position (as shown) and squeeze together in a vice until the springs snap together.
This holds the shoulders ‘retracted’ during running.
Pin in the downward position.
Run into the tubing to below the desired collar. Pick-up the tripping springs, and set down into the collar. Jar down
to lock and shear off.
Latch with the SB to pull by jarring downwards.
D Collar Stop
The ‘D’ Collar Stop is run on a ‘C’ running tool which is pinned to the lower end of the mandrel.
It can be located in any EU or NU tubing collars.
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It is lowered below the collar and then picked up until the dogs latch in the collar recess. Jar up to shear the pin and
pull the running tool to the surface.
The collar stop is pulled on a gas.
Holes marked ‘A’ are lined up and locked with a punch to unscrew the mandrel cap when stripping this too.
Figure 9.94 Otis D Collar Stop
9.6.18 Modified PX Test Tool

The Modified PX Test Tool holds pressure from above only. For this reason, the V- Packing on the lock and
prong face upwards.
The lock mandrel is run without keys, so the position of the lock fishing neck and expander mandrel can be opened
or closed. For this reason, the prong can be inserted into the plug and the whole assembly run on an SB
When pulling, it is occasionally possible to recover the prong and lock together. However if there is any sand or
scale to hold the plug, the prong will be recovered first and the lock is recovered with a GS or GR.
Use of this plug minimizes the risk of being stuck beneath sand or scale after pressure testing the tubing.
Note: The hole thru the bottom of the sub. The prong is a V Packing type - not an element seal design.
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Figure 9.95 Modified PX Test Tool
9.7 SWABBING TOOL

Swabbing provides a mean to remove fluid from the well using wireline. Situations where swabbing is used are as
follows:
* To initiate the flow in a well which has insufficient formation pressure to flow initially, or after it has been shut -
in for a period of time.
* To obtain a formation sample during exploration drilling, by ‘swabbing’ fluid from the tubing until the tubing
volume has been removed and the formation fluid is at the surface.
* To reduce the fluid level in a new well prior to perforating, to reduce the hydrostatic pressure to create an ‘under
balanced’ condition. This creates an initial surge as the perforating guns fire to clean out the perforation debris.
* Important: If fluid is to be removed prior to perforating, a means of permitting fluid entry at the bottom of the
well is essential or the swabbing cups cannot be moved upwards.
e.g: Lift the seals out of the packer to provide fluid entry from the annulus.
It is recommended that braided line be used for swabbing operations. The line forces which are generated can be
too high for slickline.
However, if the line force expected is within slickline limits, it can be used.
Line forces can be reduced by slower pulling speeds and by taking less fluid at each trip.
General Guidelines
* Record the fluid level during first and subsequent trips into the well. The tool string will slow down and the
weight will drop as the tools enter the fluid.
* Record any increase in the fluid level as this will indicate an inflow of fluid from the formation.
* Increase the depth into the fluid slowly to check the line tension. e.g.: on the first trip, 100 and pick-up. If the
tension is within the acceptable limits, increase the depth.
* The line speed will affect the line tension and fluid recovery. As a guide, wire should be spooled at a speed
similar to a ‘slow run’ and adjusted to maintain near maximum tension for optimum fluid recovery.
* The volume of output fluid should be recorded, by flowing to a tank, preferably via a flowmeter.
* The wing valve, or choke, must be able to can closed quickly if the well starts to flow.
* If the fluid level is rising, it is prudent to observe the well between swabbing trips to see if it will flow naturally.
* Failure to restrict / shut off the output can result in the toolstring being blown up the well.
Swabbing Cups
* Check if the OD of the swabbing cups is correct for the tubing.

* Cups should be used 2 or 3 at time and replaced when worn.
Caution:
Do not use quick release type swabbing head during swabbing operations.
If the tools are being blown up the hole, the quick release type swabbing
head can be released and permit well fluids to flow to the atmosphere.
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Refer to Figure 9.96 for Swabbing Tool Function.
Figure 9.24 Swabbing Tool
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10 SLCIKLINE CALCULATION
While the need for accurate ‘on the job’ calculations can be kept to a minimum, it is necessary for the wireline
operator to be aware of the following basic concepts:
As most work is conducted with the well under pressure, an understanding of the basic laws of fluids is essential.
The consequences of neglecting to consider the forces created by a downhole pressure differential can be severe in
terms of lost production, lost equipment, and reduced safety.
The following section is not intended as a complete reference for oilfield calculations, and topics will be restricted
to those relevant to wireline operations.
Despite an international trend to metrication and SI units, the oil industry uses many imperial and US
measurements. To simplify this section, metric and US units have been favoured with common variations in SI and
imperial units noted where appropriate.
In addition to these units, it is an advantage to be aware of the following basic laws of physics concerning fluids.
Within the limits of practical wireline applications, we assume the following to be true :
1. Liquids are not compressible
2. Gases are compressible
3. Liquids and gases are both fluids
4. Pressure in a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.
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10.1 UNITS OF MEASURE
The basic units in the metric and US systems pertaining to wireline operations are listed below
Table 10.35 Basic units in metric and US systems
Metric Unit US Unit
Length Millimeters (mm) Thousandths (1/1,000)”

Centimeters (cm) Inch (in/”)
Meters (m) Foot (ft.’
Area Square millimetres (m m 2)
Square centimeters (c m 2) Square inches (¿2 )
Square meters (m 2) Square feet ( ft 2)

Volume Milliliters (ml) Cubic inches (¿3 )
Liters (L)
3
Cubic feet ( ft 3)
Cubic centimeters (cc) (c m )  Gallons (gal)
3
Cubic meters (m )  Barrels (bbl)
Pressure Kilopascals (Kpa) Pounds per square inch (psi)
Bar Atmosphere (atm)
Force Newton (N) Pounds force (lbf)
Deca Newtons (DaN)
Kilogram force (kgf)
Weight Gram (g) Ounce (ox)
Kilogram (kg) Pounds (lb)
Density Grams per cubic centimeter Pounds per cubic foot (lbs/ ft 3 ¿
(g/c m 3 ¿ Pounds per gallon (lbs/gal)
Kilograms per cubic meter
(kgs/m 3 ¿
Gradient Kilopascals per meter (Kpa/m) Pounds per square inch per foot
Kgc m 2/m (psi/ft)
Temperature Degree Centigrade (ºC) Degree Fahrenheit (ºF)
Variations
* Imperial gallon = 20 fluid ounces (i.e. 125% of US / gallon)
US gallon = 16 fluid ounces (i.e. 80% of an imperial gallon)
SI Temperature unit = Degree Kelvin (°K)
°K = °C + 273
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10.2 BASIC FORMULA
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10.3 RULES OF THUMB
Rules of Thumb provide an approximate value for rapid field use and / or checking the magnitude of calculated
values.
1. Rule of thumb for finding the fill up volume of any size pipe is the inside diameter squared equals barrels per
1,000 ft.
ID2 = bbls/1,000 ft.
2. Approximate hydrostatic head = 0.052 x Wt / gal. x Depth in ft.
3. Hydrostatic head = Gradient x True vertical depth.
4. To convert specific gravity to API = 141.5 ÷ SG - 131.5 = ºAPI.
5. To convert specific gravity to gradient: SG of fluid x 0.433 = Gradient of fluid.
6. Bottom hole pressure of gas column = Surface pressure x Gas correction factor.
7. Centigrade x 1.8 + 32º =º F.
8. Centigrade = Fahrenheit - 32º x 0.5555.
9. 1 Pascal = 1 Newton / square meter (using SI units).
10. Approximate hydrostatic head in KPa = kg / litre x Depth in meters x 9.81.
% H 2 S /C O 2
11. Partial pressure = psi×
100
141.5
12. Specific gravity =
API +131.5
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10.4 FORCE
2 types of Force are relevant to wireline operations:
1. Force
Created by a pressure acting on an area. Whenever a pressure differential downhole acts on a cross-sectional area,
the force created is directly proportional to the pressure and the area.
Example
Force = Pressure x Area
The force of 3 ½” x plug (2.750” packing bore) with a 5,000 psi pressure
differential is :
Area = R2
= 3.14 x 2.750 2 / 2
= 5.94 in2
Force = Pressure x Area
= 5,000 x 5.94
= 29,700 lbf Figure 10.1
2. Impact Force
Created during downhole jarring action.
This impact force is critical to achieve the desired movement and shearing action in downhole tools and
equipment. ‘The amount of force created is directly proportional to the mass of the stem, and the speed at the point
where jars are fully opened or closed.
Impact Force = Mass x Acceleration
Table 10.36
Downward Jar Action Upward Jar Action

Acceleration due to gravity More acceleration available from wireline unit speed
only on the surface
Stem can be accelerated through heavy fluid and in
Limited by -Fluid viscosity deviated holes by wireline from the surface
-Hole deviation
Result
Less impact available More impact available

Smaller shear pin diameters in Larger shear pin diameters in shear up tools
shear down tools
Stem Weight Calculation (approximate)

Stem weight (lbs) = Stem OD2 8/3 (inches) x Length (ft).
151 | P a g e Rev. 0
10.5 HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
A calculation of the approximate downhole differential pressures is recommended prior to the following wireline
operations:
1. Pulling a plug
2. Retrieving gas lift valves
3. Opening and SSD
As these pressure differentials are often influenced or created by hydrostatic pressure, the following information is
useful:
Hydrostatic Pressure is the pressure created by a column of fluid. The amount of pressure is directly proportional
to the fluid density and vertical depth.
Note: True Vertical Depth (TVD) is important in calculations in deviated wells.
Hydrostatic Pressure = Density x Depth.
To calculate hydrostatic pressure, it is necessary to have an understanding of the following terms in addition to the
basic pressure formula.
Specific Gravity Is a ratio of the density of a fluid compared with the density of water. The specific gravity of
water is one in all systems. (No units, as this is a ratio).
Gradient Rate of pressure increase per unit of depth. (Units = psi/ft, KPa/m).
Because pure water is used as a standard of comparison, the following facts about water are necessary.
US Metric
Density 62.4 lbs/ft3 1 g/cm3
8.33 lbs/gal 1.000 kgs/m3
Gradient 0.433 psi/ft 0.1 kgcm2/m
Fresh water Facts Water is used as a comparative standard

Weight …………… 8.33 pounds per US gallon
Density ……………….62.4 pounds per cu. ft
……………………….. or 1.00 kg/m3
………………………...or 1 kg/litre
Gradient ………………. 0.433 psi per ft
Specific gravity ………………………….. 1
API gravity ……………………………….10
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10.6 COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS
Metric US
Length cm x 0.3937 = inches in x 2.54 = cm
m x 3.281 = feet ft x 0.3048 =m
Area cm2x 0.155 = in2 In2 x 6.452 = cm2
m2 x 10.76 = ft2 ft2= 0.0929 = m2
Volume cm3 (cc) x 0.06102 = in3 in3 x 16.3871 = cm3
m3 x 35.3147 = ft3 ft3 x 0.02832 = m3
m3 x 6.29 = bbl bbl x 0.159 = m3
m3 x 264.2 = gal gal x 0.003755 = m3
gal (US) x 0.83267 = gal
(imp)
ft3 x 7.481 = gal
bbl x 42 = gal
bbl x 5.6146 – ft3
ft3 x 0.1781 = bbl
ft3 x 1728 = in3
Pressure kg/cm2 x 14.2234 = pal psi x 0.07031 — kg/cm2
bar x 14.50 = psi atm x 14.70 = psi
bar x 0.987 = atm atm x 1.013 = bar
Kpa x 6.895 = psi psi x .145 = Kpa
bar x 1.02 = kg/cm2 psi x 0.6804 = atm
Force Newton x 0.225 = Ibf Ibf x 4.448 = N
kgf x9.81- N
kgf x 2.205 = lbf lbf x 0.454 - kgf
Weight / Mass g x 0.03527 = oz oz x 28.35 = g
kg x 2.205 = lb lb x 0.43536 – kg
short ton (2,000 lb) = 907 kgs
long ton (2,240 lb) = 1,016 kgs
tonne (metric) = 1,000 kgs
Density g/cm3 x 62.4 = lb/ft3 lb/ft x 0.01602 = g/cm3
kg/m3 x 0.001 = g/cm3 lb/ft x 16.02 = kg/m3
lb/gal x 0.1199 = g/cm3
gal/ft x 7.49 = lb/ft3
Gradient kg cm2 /m x 0.231 = psi/ft ft of water x 0.0295 = atm
ft of water x 0.433 = psi
psi/ft x 4.33 - kg cm2/m
Temperature (°C + 17.78 ) x 1.8 = °F (°F - 32 )x 0.5555 = °C
C+273=°K
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Multiply By To Obtain
Acres 43,560 Square feet

Acres 4,047 Square meters
Acres 160 Square rods
Acres 5,645.4 Square Varas (Texas)
Acres 0.4047 Hectares
Acre feet 7,758 Barrels
Acre feet 1,233.5 Cubic meters
Atmospheres 33.94 Feet of water
Atmospheres 29.92 Inches of mercury
Atmospheres 760 Millimeters of mercury
Atmospheres (at sea level) 14.7 Pounds per square inch
Barrels 5.6146 Cubic feet
Barrels (oil) 0.15899 Cubic meters
Barrels (US liquid) 0.11924 Cubic meters
Barrels (oil) 42.0 Gallons
Barrels (US liquid) 31.5 Gallons
Barrels 158.9 Liters
Barrels of cement (dry weight) 376.0 Pounds of cement
Barrels per hour 0.0936 Cubic feet per mimute
Barrels per hour 0.700 Gallons per minute
Barrels per hour 2.695 Cubic inches per second
Barrels per day 0.02917 Gallons per minutes
Bars 0.9869 Atmosphere
British thermal unit 0.2928 Watt hours
BTU 1,055.06 Joules
BTU’s per minute 0.02356 Horsepower
BTU’s per second 1,054.4 Watts
Centigrade heat units 1.8 BTU
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Centimeters 1x108 Angstrom units
Centimeters 0.01 Meters
Centimeters 0.03281 Feet
Centimeters 0.3937 Inches
Centimeters 10,000.0 Microns
Centimeters of mercury 0.1934 Pounds per square inch
Chains 66 Feet
Chains 4 Rods
Cubic centimeters 0.06102 Cubic inches
Cubic centimeters 2.6417 x 10-4 Gallons
Cubic centimeters 0.0010567 Quarts (US fluid)
Cubic centimeters 0.03381 Ounces (US fluid)
Cubic feet 28,317.0 Cubic centimeters
Cubic feet 0.1781 Barrels
Cubic feet 7.481 Gallons (US)
Cubic feet 28.316 Liters
Cubic feet of steel 489.6 Pounds of steel
Cubic feet 1728 Cubic inches
Cubic feet 0.028317 Cubic meters
Cubic feet 0.03704 Cubic yards
Cubic feet / atmosphere 2,116.3 Foot/pounds
Cubic feet per minute 10.686 Barrels per hour
Cubic feet per minute 28.8 Cubic inches per second
Cubic feet per minute 7.481 Gallons per minute
Cubic feet per minute 0.1247 Gallons per second
Cubic feet per minute 472.0 Cubic centimeters per second
Cubic feet per second 7.48 Gallons per second
Cubic feet per second 0.64632 Million gallons per day
Cubic inches 16,387 Milliliters
Cubic inches 16.387 Cubic centimeters
Cubic inches 0.00058 Cubic feet
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Cubic inches 0.00433 Gallons
Cubic inches 0.0164 Liters
Cubic meters 6.2897 Barrels
Cubic meters 35.314 Cubic feet
Cubic meters 1.308 Cubic yards
Cubic yards 4.8089 Barrels
Cubic yards 27 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 46.656 Cubic inches
Cubic yards 0.76456 Cubic meters
Fathoms 6.0 Feet
Fathoms 1.829 Meters
Feet 30.48 Centimeters
Feet 0.3048 Meters
Feet 0.3600 Varas (Texas)
Feet of water @ 60° F 0.4331 Pounds per square inch.
Feet per minute 0.5080 Centimeters per second
Feet per second 0.68182 Miles per hour
Foot / pounds 0.0012856 BTU
Foot / pounds 3.766 x 10-7 Kilowatt / hours
Foot / pounds per second 0.0013558 Kilowatts
Foot / pounds 53.051 x 10-7 Horsepower / hours
Foot / pounds per second 0.0018182 Horsepower
Foot / pounds (force) 1.3558 Joules
Gallons (US liquid) 0.03175 Barrels (US liquid)
Gallons (US) 0.02381 Bartels
Gallons 0.003785 Cubic meters
Gallons (US) 3,785 Cubic centimeters
Gallons (US) 0.13368 Cubic feet
Gallons (US) 231 Cubic inches
Gallons (US) 3.785 Liters
Gallons (US) 0.8327 Gallons (imperial)
Gallons per minute 1.429 Barrels per hour
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Gallons per minute 0.1337 Cubic feet per minute
Gallons per minute 0.002228 Cubic feet per second
Gallons per minute 34.286 Barrels per day
Grains (Avoirdupois) 0.0648 Grams
Grams 0.03527 Ounces
Grams 0.002205 Pounds
Grams per liters 58.418 Grains per gallon
Hectare 2.471 Acres
Hectare 0.010 Square kilometers
Horsepower (British) 2,545.0 BTU per hour
Horsepower (British) 42.42 BTU per minute
Horsepower 0.7457 Kilowatts
Horsepower (British) 745.7 Watts
Horsepower (British) 1.0139 Horsepower (metric)
Horsepower 33,000 Foot pounds per minute
Horsepower (metric) 342.47 Foot / pounds per second
Inches 0.0254 Meters
Inches 2.54 Centimeters
Inches 0.08333 Feet
Inches of mercury 1.134 Feet of water
Inches of mercury 0.4912 Pounds per square inch
Inches of water @ 60° F 0.0361 Pounds per square inch
Kilograms per square centimeters 14.223 Pounds per square inch
Kilograms 2.2046 Pounds
Kilograms 1,000 Grams
Kilometers 0.6214 Miles
Kilometers 3,281 Feet
Kilopascals 0.1451 PSI
Kilowatt / hours 3,414.0 BTU
Kilowatts 1.3410 Horsepower
Knots (international) 0.5144 Meters per second
Knots (nautical miles per hour) 1.1516 Miles per hour
157 | P a g e Rev. 0
Liters 1,000 Cubic centimeters
Liters 61.02 Cubic inches
Liters 0.26418 Gallons
Liters 1.0567 Quarts
Meters 100 Centimeters
Meters 3.281 Feet
Meters 39.37 Inches
Meters 1.094 Yards
Miles 5,280.0 Feet
Miles 1,609.3 Meters
Miles 1.609 Kilometers
Miles 1,900.8 Varas (Texas)
Miles (international nautical) 6,067.1033 Feet
Miles (international nautical) 1.1508 Miles (US statute)
Miles per hour 1.4667 Feet per second
Millimeters 0.001 Meters
Minutes (angle) 2.909 x 10-4 Radians
Ounces 0.2835 Kilograms
Ounces (avoirdupois) 437.5 Grains
Ounces (avoirdupois) 28.3495 Grams
Ounces (US fluid) 29.57 Milliliters
Parts per million 0.05835 Grains per gallon
Parts per million 8.34 Pounds per million gallons
Pints us liquid 1.59 Liters
Pounds 7,000 Grams
Pounds 453.6 Grams
Pounds 0.45359 Kilograms
Pounds force 4.4482 Newtons
Pounds per gallon 0.1198 Grams per cubic centimeter
Pounds per gallon 0.052 Pounds/square inch/feet of depth
Pounds per square inch 2.309 Feet of water at 60° F
Pounds per square inch 2.0353 Inches of mercury
Pounds per square inch 51.697 Millimeters of mercury
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Pounds per square inch 0.0703 Kilograms per square centimeter
Pounds per square inch 6.8947 Kilopascals
Pounds per million gallons 0.11982 Parts per million
Pounds C* units (PCU) 18 BTU
PSI 6.895 Kilopascals
PSI 0.0703 Kilograms Square centimeter
Quarts 0.946 Liters
Quarts 946 36 Milliliters
Quintal (Mexican) 101.467 Pounds
Radians 57.30 Degrees
Revolutions per minute 0.10472 Radians per second
Rods 16.5 Feet
Square centimeters 0.1550 Square inches
Square feet 99 Square centimeter
Square feet 0.0929 Square meters
Square inches 6.452 Square centimeters
Square kilometers 0.3861 Square mules
Square meters 10.76 Square feet
Square meters 1.196 Square yards
Square miles 640 Acres
Square miles 2590 Square kilometers
Square miles 0.8361 Square meters
Tons (long) 1,016.0 Kilograms
Tons (long) 2240.0 Pounds
Tons (metric) 6.297 Barrels of water @ 60° F
Tons (metric) 1,000.0 Kilograms
Tons (metric) 2.2046 Pounds
Tons (metric) 1.102 Tons (short or net)
Tons (short or net) 0.9072 Ton (metric)
Tons (short or net) 907.18 Kilogram
Tons (short or net) 2000 Pounds
Vasa (Texas) 2.7718 Feet
Yards 0.9144 Meters
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10.7 FRACTION/DECIMAL CONVERSIONS
Fraction Decimal MM Fraction Decimal MM
1/64 .015625 .3969 33/64 .515625 13.0960
1/32 .03125 .7938 17/32 .53125 13.4938
3/64 .046875 1.1906 35/64 .546875 13.3906
1/16 .0625 1.5875 5/16 .5625 14.2975
5/64 .078125 1.9844 37/64 .578125 14.6844
3/32 .09375 2.3812 19/32 5.9375 15.0812
7/64 .109375 2.7781 39/64 .609375 15.4781
1/8 .125 3.1750 5/8 .625 15.3750
9/64 .140625 3.5719 41/64 .640625 16.2719
5/32 .15625 3.9688 21/32 .65625 16.6688
11/64 .171875 4.3656 43/64 .671875 17.0656
3/16 .1875 4.7625 11/16 .6875 17.4625
13/64 .203125 5.1594 45/64 .703125 17.8594
7/32 .21875 5.5562 23/32 .71875 18.2562
15/64 .234375 5.9531 47/64 .734375 18.6531
¼ .250 6.3500 ¾ 0.750 19.0500
13/64 .265625 6.7469 49/64 .765625 19.4469
9/32 .28125 7.1438 25/32 .78125 19.8438
19/64 .296875 7.5406 51/64 .796875 20.2406
5/16 .3125 7.9375 13/16 .8125 20.6375
21/64 .328125 8.3344 33/64 .828125 21.0344
11/32 .34375 8.7312 27/32 .84375 21.4312
23/64 .399375 9.1281 55/64 .8593975 21.8281
3/8 .375 9.5250 3/8 .875 22.2250
25/64 .390625 9.92119 57/64 .890625 22.6219
13/32 .40625 10.3188 29/32 .90625 23.0188
27/64 .421875 10.7156 59/64 .921875 23.4156
7/16 .4375 11.1125 15/16 .9375 23.8125
23/64 .453125 11.5094 61/64 .953125 24.2094
15/32 .46875 11.9062 31/32 .96875 24.6062
31/64 .484375 12.3031 63/64 .984375 25.0031
½ .500 12.700 1 1.000 25.400
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10.8 LINE STRETCH DATA
The total stretch in the wireline is the length of the line in the well multiplied by the average of the stretch in the
first and last foot length.
The stretch factors have been calculated using the typical modulus values.
Temperature has been assumed to be constant
For practical purposes, the material does not affect the results sufficiently to justify various values.
The amount of stretch in solid wireline can be calculated from the following formula.
F Wt+ F ( Wt+ WI )
Total Stretch = ×L
2
Where,Total stretch is inches:
F = Stretch factor, inches/feet/lbs

Wt = Weight of toolstring (lbs)
WI = Weight of wireline in well (lbs)
L = Length of line in well (ft)
Example. 0.092”line (API-9A specifications) length 10,000 ft

Nominal weight is 22.69 lbs/1,000
Wt = 226.9 lbs
F = 6.8 x 10-5
Wt = 200lbs
×200 ¿+ 6.8× 10−5 (200+226.9) ¿ × 10,000

−5
Total Stretch = 6.8 ×1 0
2
0.0136+0.0290
= × 10,000
2
161 | P a g e Rev. 0
10.9 ABBREVIATIONS
AHBKB Along Hole Below Kelly Bushing

AHD Along Hole Depth
BB Blind Box
BHA Bottom Hole Assembly
BHP Bottom Hole Pressure
BJ Blast Joimt
BOP Blow-Out Preventers — Drilling or wireline type
BPV Back Pressure Valve
BRT Below Rotary Table
CCP Circulating Casing Pressure
CHH Casing Head Housing
CHS Casing Head Spool
CSG Casing (Csg)
CTU Coiled Tubing Unit
CV Check Valve
CWP Cold Working Pressure
DCSSV Direct Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve
(also known as DCSSSV)
DN Deca Newtons
DSAF Double Studded Adapter Flange
EGP External Gravel Pack
ELEV Elevation — Rig floor to area point distance
EMR Electnc Memory Recorder
EU External Upset
FC Flow Coupling
FP Formation Pressure
FTP (FTHP) Flowmg Tubing (Head) Pressure
GC Gauge Cutter
HCS Hydril CS
HSP Hydrostatic Pressure
HUD Hang (Hold) Up Depth — For clean tubing ID
ID Internal (Inside) Diameter
IGP Internal Gravel Pack
IPS Improved Plow Steel
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ITCP Integral (Integrated) Tubing Conveyed Perforator
KB Kelly Bushing
KN Kilo Newtons
Kpa Kilopascals — Pressure rating
LIB Lead Impression Block
MAASP Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure
MD Measured (Mean) Depth
MIRU Move In, Rig — Up.
Mpa Mega Pascals (Kpa x 1.000)
NRV Non-Return Valve
NU Non-Upset
OD Outside Diameter
PCD Pitch Circle Diameter
POH (POOH) Pull Out Of Hole
Psi Pounds per Square Inch
QLS Quick Lock System — Petroline
RMDO Rig Down, Move Off
RF Rig Floor
RIH Run In Hole
RT Rotary Table
SCSSV Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve
(also known as SCSSSV)
SIC (SICHP) Shut-In Casing (Head) Pressure
SITP (SITHP) Shut-In Tubing (Head) Pressure
SIWP (SIWHP) Shut-In Well (Head) Pressure
SPM Side Pocket Mandrel
SRO Surface Readout
SRT Socker Rod Thread
SSD Sliding Side Door
SSSV Subsurface Safety Valve
SSV Surface Safety Valve
STD Standard
TBF Top (of) Bottom Flange
TBG Tubing (Tog)
TCP Tubing Conveyed Perforator
TD Total Depth
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TH Tubing Hanger
THF Tubing Hanger Spool
TJ Travel Joint
TLV Threshold Lint Valve
TP Test Pressure
TRSV Tubing Retrievable Safety Valve
TVD True Vertical Depth
TWCV Two Way Check Valve
UNA Use No Abbreviations
UTS Ultimate Tensile Strength — Stress
VAM Vallourec Alexandre Madre — Premium thread
WOC Waiting On Cement — To set after cementing operations
WOW Waiting On Weather — To clear and/or become less rough
WP Working Pressure
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Day 1
 History of Slickline
 Well Completion - Theory
 Slickline Units and Powerpacks (Zones) - Theory
 Weight and Depth indicators - Theory
 The Wire (Type -Tests - Log Books) - Theory
 Pressure Control Equipment (What must be controlled) - Theory
 Basic tool string Components / Up-stroke Jars - Theory
 Basic Service & Remedial Tools – Theory

Day 2
 Running and Pulling Tools - Theory

 Locks, Standing Valves and Landing Nipples - Theory
 Baker / Otis / Camco/ PCE Flow Control Equipment - Theory
 Running – Setting – Equalizing & Pulling process - Theory
 Gas Lift theory
 SCSSV's theory
Day 3
 Wire Testing practical

 Pressure control equipment - Practical
 Basic Tool string Components / Up-stroke Jars - Practical
 Pulling tools - Practical
 Shifting tools - Practical
 Open/close SSD on simulator
 Kickover tools -Practical
 Set and retrieve Gas Lift valves on simulator
 Otis- Baker-Petroline and PCE locks - Practical
Day 4
 Rig-up Slickline (Open Hole)

 RIH Set and Retrieve FB-2 Baker 2.75" - Jar - Practical.
 QUIZ (Basic Slickline Training Course)
 Fishing - Theory (Overview). Top wire Calculations.
 Changing Gas Lift Mandrels (demonstration) - Practical
Day 5
 Quiz – Quiz Review

 Oilfield Calculations.
 SENSA LINE (Optical)-Introduction / DSL-Introduction.
 Appraisal's
 Round Table / Diplomas
165 | P a g e Rev. 0

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109

Slickline Technology Course I

Name Hafizah Natasha Binti Helmy

2.5 GAS LIFT VALVES OPERATIONS

2.6 CIRCULATING SLEEVES OPERATION

2.7 SETTING/PULLING PLUGS

2.9 MEMORY BOTTOM HOLE AND TEMPERATURE SURVEYS

2.9.1 Static Gradient Survey

Figure 3.1 Slickline Equipment

Figure 4.1 Single Drum Winch Unit

Figure 3. Single Drum Power Pack Unit

Figure 4.2 Single Drum Power Pack

Figure 4.2: Double Drum Power Pack Unit

Open Loop System.

Figure 4.5 Closed Loop System

Standard Specification Requirements

Maintenance, Inspection and Tests Requirements

Maintenance, Inspection and Tests Requirements

Parts of Stuffing Box and Its Functions

Figure 6.4 Stuffing Box

Operation of Stuffing Box

Features and Benefits:

6.4 BLOW UP PREVENTORS Figure 6.4 Quick Test

Figure 6.5 Schematic Diagram of Blowout Preventer (BOP)

6.6 TOOL TRAP

6.7 TOOL CATCHER

Figure 6.7 Tool Catcher

6.9 BOP HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT

6.10 WELLHEAD X-OVERS AND ADAPTORS

Refer to Figure 6.7 - 8 Types

6.11.4 Lifting Clamp

6.11.5 Hand Pumps

Figure 6.9 Pressure Control Equipment Accessories

7.1 PROPERTIES OF SLICKLINE WIRE

7.2 WIRELINE FAILURES

Below are notable observation that indicate loss of mechanical properties.

Figure 7.9 Hydraulic Slickline tester

Below is the torsion tester apparatus

Figure 7.10 Torsion tester equipment

GRADE 1 FRACTURES without Secondary Breaks

GRADE 1 FRACTURES with Secondary Breaks

7.3.4 Wrap Test

Figure 7.11 Wrap Test

Refer to Figure 7.4 Type.

7.5 SPOOLING WIRELINE.

Refer to Figure 7.6 for correct Spooling Method

Figure 7.14 Spooling Method

The load cell is provided with eye connections on one side to

The gauge is a 6” fluid filled instrument which can be

Check this gap before and during wireline operations.

(i) Fluid level or changes in fluid density.

Maximum loading - Standard = 2.000 lbs 1.000 kgs

Caution: Do not crush or cut the hose.

Figure 8.2 Installation Position for Standard

Correction factor for 120 = 0.7

Figure 8.3 Correction Factor graph

It is hooked directly onto the eye in the weight indicator sensor.

Refer to Table 8.1 for sizes

Table 8.2 Pulley size chart

Figure 8.15.1 7” Hay Pulley Figure 8.4.2 13” Hay Pulley

Refer to Figure 8.6 to understand the function.

Figure 8.6 Wireline Clamp

Figure 8.17 Slickline

Before use check the following: