2009-02

Security Level: Internal Use

HUAWEI GSM GRFU

Introduction
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ISSUE1.0

Wireless Case and Training

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

 This course mainly introduces the hardware

structure, function, configuration principle

and data configuration of multi-carrier GRFU

(The GSM Radio Filter Unit ) of BTS3900 base

station.

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 Know the hardware principle and structure of GRFU.

Master the typical configuration of GRFU.
Master the data configuration of GRFU.

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU
Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Multi-Carrier Technology

The principle of multi-carrier technology: multiple carriers share one

power amplifier and one RF channel.

Single-carrier Technology

Multi-carrier Technology

Features of multi-carrier technology.

Baseband pool replaced independent baseband unit. Improve the integration.

Digital IF combination replaced Analog RF combination. There isnt

combination loss.

Integration of part of RF front component and carrier frequency unit.

Simplified BTS architecture.

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Introduction of GRFU
The GRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband

signals and RF signals, processes data, and combines and divides

signals.
Implements the direct frequency conversion technique in the transmit channel,

modulates the baseband signals to GSM RF signals; then, sends the signals to
the antenna for transmission through the duplex filter after filtering, amplifying,
and combining the RF signals. The combining can be performed as required.
Receives RF signals from the antenna and performs down-conversion,

amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital down-conversion, matched

filtering.
Provides power control, reverse power detection.
Provides frequency synthesis and loopback test.
Generates the CPRI clock, recovers the CPRI clock of lost synchronization, and

detects alarms.
Provides the function of DPD/BPD.

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Introduction of GRFU
The main new features and functions of GRFU.
Inner Bias-Tee. Integration of feeder current to TMA.
Provides Voltage Standing Wave Ration (VSWR) detection.

Provides power sharing. Improves the network coverage, reduces the interference

and power consumption and save the device cost.

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Introduction of GRFU
The main limitation of GRFU.
GRFU supports whole frequency band of PGSM 900MHz, high 45MHz

frequency band and low 45MHz frequency band of DCS1800MHz.

GRFU

DL

UL

Whole 25MHz frequency

band of 900MHz

935-960MHz

890-915MHz

Low 45MHz of 1800MHz

1805-1850MHz

1710-1755MHz

High 45MHz of 1800MHz

1835-1880MHz

1740-1785MHz

Instantaneous frequency bands of TX: M900:15MHz, M1800:15MHz. That

means the frequency interval of any two frequency in a RF channel must not
more than15MHz. Instantaneous bandwidth of RX is 25MHz.
Power sharing doesnt support Concentric cell, Co-BCCH, IBCA, RAN sharing

while static power can support these functions.

If GRFU support power sharing, DTX, Power control III, intracell handover must

be open.
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Logical structure of the GRFU

The GRFU consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal

processing unit, power amplifier, and duplexer.

GRFU

CPRI

high-speed
interface unit

B
B
U

TX signal
processing unit

PA
TX/RXA
TRX

RX signal
processing unit

D
U
P

LNA

RXB

LNA

RX OUTA
RX INB

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Ports on the panel of the GRFU

Size397.25mmh70.62mmw305mmd

Weight10Kg
Ports on the panel
Port Type

Label

Connector Type

Description

Port for

ANT_RXB

DIN connector

Connecting to the antenna subsystem.

SFP female connector

Connecting to the BBU, or the upperlevel RFU during the cascading.

transceiving

ANT_TX/RXA

RF signals
CPRI

CPRI0
CPRI1

Interconnection

RX_INB

port for RF

Connecting to the lower-level RFU

during the cascading.
QMA female
connector

Input port of diversity signals in the

antenna channel.
Output port of diversity signals in the
antenna channel.

Receive signals

RX_OUTA

Power supply

PWR

3V3 power connector

Feeding power.

MON

RJ45 connector

RS485 Monitoringdebugging port.

port
Monitoring port

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Ports on the panel of the GRFU

Compare ports on the panel of GRFU with that of DRFU

Port Type

GRFU

Relative
position

DRFU

Relative
position

Port for

ANT_TX/RXA

lower

ANT1

upper

transceiving

ANT_RXB

upper

ANT2

lower

CPRI0

lower

CPRI0

upper

CPRI1

upper

CPRI1

lower

RX_INB

upper

Rx_1 in

RF signals
CPRI

Interconnection
port for RF

Rx_1 out

Receive signals
RX_OUTA

lower

Rx_2 in
Rx_2 out

Monitoring port

MON

existence

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nonexistence

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LEDs on the GRFU panel

LEDs on the GRFU panel
LED

Color

Status

Description

RUN

Green

ON

The power input is normal, but the module is faulty.

OFF

There is no power supply, or the module is faulty.

1s ON, 1s OFF

The module is running properly.

0.2s ON, 0.2s OFF

The software is being loaded to the module.

1s ON, 1s OFF

A fault alarm is generated.

OFF

No alarm is generated.

ON

The module is functional and is correctly connected to the BBU.

OFF

The connection with the BBU is not set up.

OFF

No VSWR alarm is generated.

ON

The VSWR alarm is generated on the ANT_TX/RX port.

ON (green)

The CPRI link is normal.

ON (red)

The interface module fails to receive signals.

1s ON, 1s OFF (red)

The CPRI link is out of lock.

ON (green)

The CPRI link is normal.

ON (red)

The interface module fails to receive signals.

1s ON, 1s OFF (red)

The CPRI link is out of lock.

ALM

ACT

VSWR

CPRI0

CPRI1

Red

Green

Red

Red/Green

Red/Green

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU
Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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GRFU Application Scenarios

Basic configuration principle
The DRFU and GRFU can be configured in the same cabinet. When the
GRFU is configured, a single BTS3900/BTS3900A provides a maximum
of 36 carriers with the maximum cell configuration of S12/12/12. In addition,
a site configured with the BTS3900s can support a maximum of 72 carriers
with the maximum cell configuration of S24/24/24.
One GRFU supports a maximum cell configuration of S6; two GRFUs

supports a maximum cell configuration of S12. To support the configuration

larger than S12, multiple antenna systems are used.
One GRFU does not serve two cells. Each cell with a single antenna can be

configured with a maximum of two GRFUs.

GRFU supports 1-way TX and 2-way RX.
Star, chain, and ring, are supported between the BBU and the GRFUs.
When star and chain topology is adopted between the BBU and GRFUs, the

GRFU supports 3 levels of cascading in a chain and thus the BBU supports
a maximum of 18 (6 x 3) GRFUs.
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Configuration principle Base on

Limitation of GRFU
Frequency Assignment
If the frequency interval of a cell is outside the range of 15MHz, 2 GRFUs can
be considered to be used and the range of frequency for each GRFU also
should be within15MHz.
Generally, it is suggested that the number of carriers should be set to 2 GRFUs
averagely if 2 GRFUs are used in a cell. For example: S8 should be configured
as 4+4 when 2 GRFU are used. S7 should be configured as 3+4 when 2 GRFU
are used. If theres limitation of frequency band, S8 also can be configured as
3+5 or 2+6.

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Configuration principle Base on

Limitation of GRFU
Output power
The output power for each cell must fulfil the requirement of network plan.
When the specification doesnt fulfil the requirement, it can be improved by
adding GRFUs.
The output power of all the cell must be the same because power sharing is
mutually exclusive with concentric cell. For example, S7 configured as 3+4
when 2 GRFUs are used. The output power of GRFU configured as 3 carriers
must be the same as that of GRFU configured as 4 carriers.
Carrier of a cell

10

11

12

GRFU number

Carrier number for 2 GRFU

Recommendation

2+3

3+3

3+4

4+4

4+5

5+5

5+6

6+6

Output power

31W

31W

27W

27W

18W

18W

16W

16W

Carrier number for 2 GRFU

Supportability

1+4

2+4/1+5

2+5/1+6

3+5/2+6

3+6

4+6

Output power

27W

27W/18W

18W/16W

18W/16W

16W

16W

Limitation of Output power

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Configuration principle Base on

Limitation of GRFU
Frequency hopping
Cell without frequency hopping. The cell can work normally when the range of
frequency is within 15MHz for each GRFU.
Cell with Baseband frequency hopping. The frequency range of 2 GRFUs must
within 25MHz when 2 GRFUs are used. And the range of frequency also must
be within 15MHz for each GRFU.
Cell with RF frequency hopping. The cell cannot adopt RF frequency hopping if
the range of frequency is out of 15MHz. Because the frequency range of 2
GRFUs must be within 15MHz when 2 GRFUs are used.

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Antenna Configuration Principles of GRFU

One dual-polarized antenna can serve a maximum of two GRFUs.
By default, RX diversity is adopted on the GSM network. That is, two

feeders connected to two single-polarized antennas or one dual-polarized

antenna must be configured in a cell.
Each sector of the BTS must be configured with the minimum number of

antennas.
For the 2-way RX diversity, each sector has two antenna channels.

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Transmit Mode and Receive Mode of GRFU

Transmit Mode of GRFU
Non-combination

Receive Mode of GRFU

2-way RX diversity
1-way RX

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Output power of GRFU

The output power of different configuration is also configured differently.

Frequency bands
PGSM 900MHz /
GSM1800MHz

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Configuration

Output power
GMSK/8PSK

S1

80W/53W

S2

40W/26W

S3

31W/20W

S4

27W/17W

S5

18W/12W

S6

16W/10W

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU (S3-S6)

DOUBLE_ANTENNA (1TX+2RX)
When a dual-polarized antenna is
configured, one TX channel and two RX
channels are supported. The ANT_RXB
and ANT_TX/RXA ports receive the signals
from the antenna to achieve RX diversity.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Two GRFUs (S7-S12)

SINGLE_ANTENNA_DOUBLE_RECEIVER

(1TX + 2RX)
When the cell configuration is from S7 to
S12, two GRFUs need to be configured.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on each GRFU

supports the receiving and transmitting of

signals. Two GRFUs provide RX signals for
each other through the RF interconnection
ports. Thus, the RX diversity is implemented.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU
SINGLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER

(1TX+1RX)
This scenario is mainly used in indoor coverage.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports the

receiving and transmitting of signals.

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Typical configuration of GRFU

Single GRFU
DOUBLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER

(1TX+1RX)
This scenario is mainly used in subway.
The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports

the transmitting of signals.

The ANT_RXB port on GRFU supports the

receiving of signals.

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Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU
Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Data configuration Based on MML

Data configuration of GRFU is similar with that of DRFU.

Start

Add BTS
slave chain

Modify TRX
Device Attribute

Add cell

Set other BTS

Attribute

Add TRXGRFU
End

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Add BTS
Command: ADD BTS
BTS TYPE must set as BTS3900_GSM TRX Board Type

must set as GRFU Separate Mode must set asSupport

RXU Chain Head Port No means BBU CPRI port number
connected to GRFU.
Example:
ADD BTS: BTSIDX=0, BTSNAME="BTS3900", TYPE=BTS3900_GSM,
UPNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=0, MPMODE=MODE4_1, AST=ACTIVAED,
DCIDX=0, ServiceMode=TDM, DCELLNAME="0", DCTYPE=GSM900, DCMCC="460",
DCMNC="04", DCLAC=0557, DCCI=0001, DTRXIDX=0, CPLMode=SUPPORT,
TRXBN=0, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN=0, FREQ=96, RXUName="0", RXUChainNo=0,
RXUChainHeadPN=0, REVCFGRING=NO;

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Add BTS

BBU CPRI
port number

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Add BTS Slave Chain

Command: ADD SLAVECHAIN
Example:
ADD SLAVECHAIN: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", INPN=1,
DESTNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=1;

Abis interface
board port
number

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Add Cell
Command: ADD CELL
Example:
ADD CELL: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", CELLNAME="cell-1",
CTYPE=GSM900, AST=ACTIVAED, MCC="460", MNC="04", LAC=0557, CI=0001,
TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN2=0, TRXFREQ=88, RXUName="1",
RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Add Cell

BBU CPRI
port number

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Add TRX
Command: ADD TRX
Example:
ADD TRX: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU,
TRXPN2=0, FREQ=88, RXUName="1", RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Modify TRX Device Attribute

Command: MOD TRXDEV
Example:
MOD TRXDEV: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1,
TRXPN=0, POWL=10, POWT=DEFAULT, RCVMD=MAINDIVERSITY,
SNDMD=DIVERSITY;

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Operation and Maintenance Command

Set RXU AttributesSET RXUCHAINPARA
Modify name of RXU boardSET RXUNAME
Query parameter of RXU boardLST RXUBP
Query Attributes of RXU linkLST RXUCHAINPARA

Query topology structure of RXU link LST RXUCHAINTPLGY

Set breakpoint of RXU link SET BREAKPOINT
Combine two RXU links to a ringCBN RXUCHAIN
Set breakpoint SET BREAKPOINT
Split ring to a link: SPT RXUCHAIN

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Thank you
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