Bi 7: Trnh by bn

Trong bi ny chng ta s xem xt cc ni dung lin quan n vic trnh by bn , v

s dng lp bn dnama.tab bit bi trc thc hnh.
Cc yu t c bn ca mt bn cn c trc khi in n l: Tn bn , ni dung bn ,
nhn, ch gii, li ta , thc t l, kim ch nam, v mt s yu t khc theo yu cu ca
tng loi bn v mc ch s dng. y l cc yu t ca bn xy dng trong MapInfo cn
i vi cc bn in th cn c cc thng tin v nh sn xut, s lng in, thi gian in
Ta m lp bn dnama.tab thc hin:
1. Gn nhn cho i tng
Cch gn nhn t ng:
- Chn Map > Layer Control.
- Chn lp mun gn nhn, chn Label, hp thoi Dnama Label Option m ra trong
Label with, chn trng mun gn nhn (v d: Ten_nuoc).

- Chnh kiu ch VnTime, c ch 12, chn mu vng vo Text Color; nh du chn vo

Halo v chn mu vo Color trong phn Background. Ta cng c th chn cc kiu hiu
ng trong phn Effects.

- Lm xong chn OK hai ln, quay li hp thoi Layer Control:

+ Nu ta mun hin th tt c nhn cho cc i tng trn bn th ta nh du vo
hng lp Dnama.tab
+ Nu ta ch mun hin th cc nhn cn thit th khng nh du vo

hng lp

Dnama chn OK ng hp thoi Layer Control. Nhp chut vo nt Label

trn thanh
cng c Main. Di chuyn chut tr li ca s bn , tr chut bin thnh hnh du cng, nhp
chut vo nc bo trn bn m ta mun hin th nhn.
Sau khi cc nhn hin ln, cn kim tra v chnh sa v tr cc nhn nu cn thit.
chnh v tr mt nhn, nhp chut p vo nhn , hp thoi Label Options m ra v ta thc
hin cc iu chnh cn thit.

Tng t ta c th to nhn cho lp bn khc vi cc i tng mt cch ph hp.

2. To ch gii bng lnh Create Legend

Lnh ny s to ch thch cho tt c cc lp ang hin th trn trang ca s c kch hot
v ch c tc dng khi ta t mu cho cc i tng ca mi lp theo mt trng chung no
(ta c th t mu theo cch xy dng bn chuyn hoc click p vo i tng trn bn
v iu chnh trong hp thoi Region Object).

- T menu chnh chn Map > Create Legend, hp thoi Create Legend - Step 1 of 3 m ra.
Hin ti ta ch m lp Dnama ang m trn ca s bn nn ta chn n.

+ Legend Frames: lit k tt c cc lp bn ang c m v c th lm ch gii.

+ Layers: lit k tt c cc lp bn khng lm ch gii.

 thm hay bt cc lp lm ch gii, ta chn nt Add hay Remove. C th chnh th t

ch gii bng cch chn mt lp ri nhn nt Up hay Down di chuyn lp c chn ln hay
xung. Nn xp cc ch gii cng kiu chung vi nhau, v ci no quan trng nn xp trc.
- Chn Next, hp thoi Create Legend - Step 2 of 3 m ra.

+ iu chnh phn Legend Properties:

Window Title cho php ta t tn cho ca s ch gii.
Scroll Bars hin th thanh cun ngang v ng trn ca s ch gii.
Portrait hin th ch gii theo kiu ng.
Landscape hin th ch gii theo kiu ngang.
+ iu chnh trong phn Legend Frame Defaults:
Title Pattern chnh kiu ch cho tiu ca ch gii. Chn nt Aa, hp thoi Text Style
m ra, chnh kiu ch.
Style Name Pattern chnh kiu ch cho ni dung ch gii, hp thoi Text Style m ra,
chnh kiu.
+ Subtitle Pattern (tiu ph) c th c hoc khng.
+ Border Style: iu chnh kiu ng vin cho khung ch gii, hp thoi Line Style m
ra, chn kiu ng.
- Thc hin xong cc mc trn chn Next, hp thoi Create Legend - Step 3 of 3 m ra.

+ Legend Frames lit k danh sch cc lp c chn trong bc 1. Khi nhp chut
chn mt lp no th ta c th iu chnh ch gii cho lp cc ni dung bn phi.
+ Title: t tn tiu ch gii, ch g ting Vit cho ng.
+ Subtiles: t tn tiu ch gii ph.
Chn Unique Values in Column trong phn Styles from v chn trng Ten_Nuoc trong
ch thch hin th tn cc quc gia.
+ Label Styles with: Chn trng dn nhn cho kiu. Trong trng hp mun to ra
ch gii mi, chn Expression ri chn OK. Lm tng t i vi cc lp khc.
- Nhp chut chn Finish kt thc. Ta thy ch gii c to thnh trong mt ca s c
tn l CH THCH.

- iu chnh li ni dung ca ch gii, click p vo i tng cn hiu chnh hoc t

menu chnh chn Legend > Properties. Hp thoi Legend Frame Properties m ra.

+ Trong Styles: Th hin cc biu tng v ch gii mc nh. Click chn ni dung mun
hiu chnh v sa ti Edit selected text here pha di.
+ Tng t nh vy ln lt nhp chut vo cc biu tng v cc ch gii mc nh cn
li sa li ni dung ch gii
+ Lm xong chn OK.
Ngoi ra, ta c th xy dng ch thch bng lnh Create Thematic Map (c bit trong
bi tp 5 xy dng bn chuyn ), lnh ny c s dng khi cc i tng trong lp bn
cha c phi mu.
3. Lm li ta
lm li to , ta phi s dng mt trong nhng tnh nng m rng ca MapInfo,
l chng trnh MapBasic. Khi ci t tnh nng m rng ny ca MapInfo c tch hp vo
v chng c ci t trong th mc MapInfo\Professional\Tools.
a. Cch lm li to
- Chn Tools > Run MapBasic Program, theo mc nh MapInfo s m th mc Tools ra
v lit k danh sch cc trnh MapBasic.
- Chn GRIDMAKR ri chn Open. Nt lnh Create Grid c thm vo thnh cng c
Tools. Ngoi ra, nu ta m menu Tools s c thm dng lnh Grid Maker (to li), nhp chut
chn nt c hnh qu a cu

- Khi di chuyn chut tr li ca s bn , con tr chut bin thnh hnh du cng. Ta gi

nt chut tri v r chut theo ng cho qua vng ta mun lm li ta , hp thoi Grid
Maker (Version 1.3) m ra.

+ Phn Extents: Lit k bn cn ranh gii ca vng ta r chut, c th thay i cc gi tr

trong ny nu mun. Round Extents: Lm trn cc gi tr gi tr cc cn ca vng r chut.
+ Phn Object Types:
Straight Polylines: To li dng cc ng, trn c th th hin to ca chng.
Closed Regions: To li dng cc vng l cc vung v ta khng c to ca cc
ng li m cc vung c nh s th t theo kiu A1, B1,...).

+ Phn Objects Styles: iu chnh kiu ng cho li ta .

+ Phn Spacing between lines: Xc nh khong cch gia hai ng li to lin nhau,
n v tnh c th bng (degrees), feet hay mt; gi s ta chn degrees v np gi tr l 1 ().
+ Phn Smoothness: Quy nh s nt trn mt on ca mt ng li to nm gia
hai ng li to lin nhau vung gc vi n. Gi tr mc nh l 4 nt.
+ Phn New Table hin th v tr th mc lu li to bng cch chn nt Browse.
+ Nt Projection: Chn h quy chiu cho li to . Nu khng thay i g th h quy
chiu c s dng s l h quy chiu ca ca s bn hin hnh c v li to . Xong
chn OK.

- MapInfo s t ng tnh ton s li to s c v cch u nhau mt gi tr do ta

np vo Spacing between lines v hin th mt hp thoi hi ta c ng s li to hay
khng. Nu ng vi s lng li ta th ta chn OK, nu khng ta c th chn Cancel
np li gi tr trong Spacing between lines.

- Trn ca s bn s xut hin mt li to . Ta t tn cho bng ny v nhn nt

Save lu li li to mi to thnh.

Bng d liu ca lp ny bao gm hai ct, mt ct c tn l Degrees, ct kia l DMS.

ngha ca hai ct ny nh sau:

- Ct Degrees: To ca cc ng li to c np vo v tnh bng thp phn,

tuy nhin trong trng hp ny v khong cch ta np trong Spacing between lines l 5 ()
nn to trong ct ny khng c s l.
- Ct DMS: To ca cc ng li to c tnh bng - Pht - Giy (Degree Minute - Second).
D liu trong bng ny hon ton ging vi cc bng MapInfo bnh thng v ta c th p
dng lnh dn nhn a to ln hin th trn bn .
b. Cch a to ln li trn ca s bn
- T menu chnh chn Map > Layer Control.

- nh du vo ct dn nhn hng Grid.

- Nhp chut chn nt Label. Trong Label with, chn DMS. Trong phn Styles, chnh
kiu ch l Halo v chn None phn Label lines.
- Chn OK hai ln.
Cc nhn to c dn ln bn . Khi thc hin dn nhn to t ng, MapInfo dn
nhn ngay gia trung tm ca ca s bn .
Cch dn nhn t ng kiu ny kh bt tin v n chim phn khng gian hin th ni
dung ca bn . Thng thng th cc to ca li to nn c t cnh mp ca bn
. Nu mun lm nh vy th ta phi dn nhn th cng. Cch lm:
- Chn Map > Layer Control, b chn trong ct dn nhn ca hng Grid.
- Nhp chut vo nt Label. Trong Label with chn DMS.
- Trong phn kiu ch cho nhn, chn kiu v c ch cho ph hp
- Chn OK hai ln.
- Chn nt dn nhn trn thanh cng c Main.
- Nhp chut ln mt ng li to vng gn mp bn , nhn s xut hin.
- Ln lt nhp chut ln tng ng li to no m ta mun dn nhn. Thng thng
th nhn to nn t mt bn ca bn , v d cc nhn cho li kinh t mp trn ca
bn cn cc nhn cho li v nn t mp tri ca bn .

4. To thc t l
Thc t l cng c to bng mt trnh MapBasic. Cch lm nh sau:
- Chn Tools > Run MapBasic Program. Hp thoi Run Mapbasic Program m ra.

- Chn SCALEBAR ri chn Open. Trn thanh cng c Tools xut hin thm mt nt lnh
na c hnh ci thc t l thu nh

- Chn nt lnh ny, di chuyn con tr chut trn ca s bn , con tr chut chuyn
thnh hnh du cng.
- Chn v tr t thc t l v nhp chut, hp thoi Draw Distance Scale in Mapper
(Version 3.5) m ra.
+ Units: Chn n v cho thc t l
+ Width of Scale Bar: Chn chiu rng thc t l.
+ Width to Height Ratio: Chn t l chiu cao thc t l (Theo mc nh t l ny l 20:1).
Tu theo t l bn v kch thc ca ca s bn m MapInfo t ng tnh ton kch c ca
thc t l cho ph hp.
+ Fill color for scale bar: Chn nn mu cho thc t l.
+ Pen color for scale bar: Chn mu cho ng vin ca thc t l.
+ Font for scale bar labels: nh dng font ch cho thc t l.
+ Adjust Font size to Match Scale: Chn mc ny nhm MapInfo t ng iu chnh c
ch sao cho ph hp vi kch thc ca thc t l.

- Xong chn OK.

ng dng ny s v mt thc t l ti v tr nhp chut ban u.

5. To kim ch nam (phng hng)

Kim ch nam l biu tng ch hng Bc. Tu bn m ta chn v tr ca kim ch nam
cho ph hp. Cch lm nh sau:
- Chn Map > Layer Control, nh du vo ct chnh sa lp Cosmetic Layer.
- Chn nt cng c v im .
- Nhp chut chm mt im ngay v tr d nh t kim ch nam.
- Chn nt chn i tng tr li.
- Nhp chut ln biu tng mi to chn n.
- Chn nt nh dng kiu biu tng trn thanh Drawing, hp thoi Symbol Style m ra.
- Xong chn OK.
Kim ch nam c hon tt. C th nhp chut tri ln n v r chut di chuyn v tr
sao cho ph hp. Ta c th lu cch trnh by ny li thnh mt bng ring bng lnh Map >
Save Cosmetic Objects. Nu thc hin lnh File > Save Workspace th cc i tng trong lp
Cosmetic vn c gi nguyn khi m tp tin workspace ln sau.
Kim ch nam cng c th c to bng mt trnh MapBasic. Cch lm nh sau:
- Chn Tools > Run MapBasic Program. Hp thoi Run Mapbasic Program m ra.

- Chn NorthArrow ri chn Open. Trn thanh cng c Tools xut hin thm mt nt lnh
c hnh kim ch nam.

- Chn nt lnh ny, di chuyn con tr chut trn ca s bn , con tr chut chuyn
thnh hnh du cng.
- Nhp chut chm mt im ngay v tr d nh t kim ch nam.

- Hi thoi NorthArrow (Version 1.02) m ra ta chn cc thng s ph hp ri nhn OK.