Energy Transport

Course: Transport Phenomena

CE-506

Reference book (s)

Transport Phenomena by R. Byron Bird,

Second Edition, 2002

Vectors & Tensors

Scalar: Tensor of rank 0. (magnitude only 1

component)
Vector: Tensor of rank 1. (magnitude and one
direction 3 components)
Dyad: Tensor of rank 2. (magnitude and two
directions 32 = 9 components)
Triad: Tensor of rank 3. (magnitude and three
directions 33 = 27 components)

 Stress is a tensor of rank 2 (9 components)

dF = T dS.

The elements ij where i=j are normal stresses and the elements
where ij are shear stresses

Thicknesses:

Thermal conductivities
of materials:

Since there is no heat source and only q is left in the combined energy
flux vector e
For Region 01:

Which becomes
=>

For Regions 01, 12, 23 we have

Applying Newtons law of cooling at surfaces,

Where U is the overall heat transfer coefficient, hence,