Formula Sheet for Physics 321

I.

DEFINITIONS

2 V (~r) =

(~r)
0

(18)

Unless otherwise stated:

~ = ~r ~ri
R
~ = ~r ~r
R
II.

~1

r
r
~
2
r
sin(a b)
cos(a b)
III.

1 X qi
40 i Ri
Z
1
(~r )
=
d3 r
40
R
Z
1
(~r )
=
da
40
R
Z
(~
r )
1
dl
=
40
R

V (~r) =

(1)
(2)

MATH

r
= 2
r

(3)

= 4 3 (~r)

(4)

= sin a cos b cos a sin b

= cos a cos b sin a sin b

(5)
(6)

IV.

~2 E
~ 1 )k = 0
(E
F~ =

1 qQ
R;
40 R2

~ E(~
~ r) = (~r)

0
I

~ E(~r) = 0

~ D
~ = free

~ [D
~ P~ ] = 0

~ = ~rq ~rQ
R
~ r) d~a = Q
E(~
0

~ r) d~ = 0
E(~
I

V2 V1 = 0

(8)
(9)

V.

~ = n
E

0
b = P~ n

~ r) P~ (~r)] d~ = 0 (11)
[D(~

~ r) = V
~ (~r)
E(~
Z ~b
~ r) d~
E(~
V (~b) V (~a) =

(21)
(22)

(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)

CONDUCTORS & DIELECTRICS

~ r) d~a = Qfree (10)

D(~

X qi R
i
~ r) = 1
E(~
40 i R2i
Z

(~r )R
1
d3 r
=
2
40
R
Z

1
(~r )R
=
da
40
R2
Z

(~r )R
1
dl
=
40
R2

~
a

~2 D
~ 1) n
(D
= free
~
~
(D2 D1 )k = (P~2 P~1 )k

(7)

(20)

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

~2 E
~ 1) n
(E
=

ELECTROSTATICS

(19)

(12)

~ P~
b =
~ = 0 E
~ + P~
D
~
P~ = 0 e E

(13)

= 0 (1 + e )
r = 1 + e

(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(33)
(34)

(14)
VI.

WORK AND ENERGY

(15)

(16)
(17)

Z
1
(~r)V (~r)d3 r
W =
2
Z
0
=
|E(~r)|2 d3 r
2

(35)
(36)

2
=

0
2

|E(~r)|2 d3 r +

~ r) d~a
V (~r)E(~

W =

1
2

VII.

~ r) E(~
~ r)d3 r
D(~

X.

(37)

MAGNETOSTATICS

~
F~ = q~v B
I
~
F~ = I d~ B
Z
~ B
~
F~ =
daK
Z
~
F~ =
d3 rJ~ B

(38)

CAPACITANCE

Q = CV
1
W = CV 2
2

VIII.

(54)
(55)
(56)

(39)
dI~
d
= ~v

~ =
K

(40)

(57)
(58)

LEGENDRE POLYNOMIALS

dI~
da
= ~v

J~ =

V (r, ) =

X
=0

P0 (x)
P1 (x)
P2 (x)
P3 (x)

B
(A r + +1 )P (cos )
r

=
=
=
=

1
x
(3x2 1)/2
(5x3 3x)/2

(42)
(43)
(44)
(45)

I ~

d R
~ r) = 0 I
B(~
2
4
R
Z
~ r ) R

K(~
0
da
=
2
4
R
Z
~

0
J(~r ) R
=
d3 r
2
4
R
~ B
~ = 0

(46)

~ H
~ = J~f

~ dip
E

R
p~
1 3(~
p R)
=
3
40
R

(47)

XI.

(60)

~ d~a = 0
B
I
~ d~ = 0 Ienc
B

~ +M
~ ) d~a = 0
(H
I
~ d~ = If,enc
H

(61)
(62)
(63)

(64)
(65)
(66)
(67)

CONTINUITY EQUATION

(48)
~ J~ + = 0

(68)

(49)
XII.

~ = p~ E
~
N
~ E
~
F~ = (~
p )
~
U = ~
pE

~ B
~ = 0 J~

~ (H
~ +M
~) = 0

MULTIPOLE EXPANSIONS

"
#
~
1
Q p~ R
V (~r) =
+
+ ...
40 R
R3
Z
p~ =
d3 r ~r (~r )

(59)

(41)

2
dx P (x)P (x) = ,
2 + 1
1

Z
IX.

(53)

OHMS LAW

(50)
(51)
(52)

~
J~ = E

(69)

3
XIII.

~
~ = m H
M

VECTOR POTENTIAL

XVII.

~ =
~ A
~
B
(70)
2~
~
~
A = 0 J
(Cartesian only)
(71)
Z

~
J(~r )
~ r) = 0
A(~
d3 r
(Cartesian only) (72)
4
R
XIV.

(linear)

EMF

f~ d
d
=
Z dt

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

(87)

(88)
(89)

~ d~a
B
X
= LI1 +
M1j Ij

(90)

1
~2 B
~ 1) n
(B
= 0
~
~
~ ~n
(B2 B1 )k = 0 K
~2 H
~ 1) n
~2 M
~ 1) n
(H
= (M

~2 H
~ 1 )k = K
~ f ~n
(H
~2 A
~1 = 0
A
XV.

(73)

~
~ E
~ = B

(74)
(75)

~ d = d
E
dt

(77)

XVIII.

ENERGY IN MAGNETIC FIELDS

1 2
LI
2 Z
1
=
B2
20
Z
1
~ H
~
=
B
2

W =

m
~ = I

d~a

~ = m
~
N
~ B
~ m
~
F~ = (
~ B)
~
U = m
~ B

XVI.

(78)
(79)
(80)

XIX.

(93)
(94)
(95)

TIME-DEPENDENT ELECTRIC FIELDS

(81)
(82)

~
~ B
~ = 0 J~ + 0 0 E

t
~
~ H
~ = 0 J~f + D

t
~

E
J~d = 0
t

(83)

MAGNETIC MATERIALS

~ M
~
J~b =
~b = M
~ n
K

1
~ =
~ M
~
H
B
0

(92)

(76)

MULTIPOLE EXPANSION

~ R
~ dip (~r) = 0 m
A
2
4 R
R
m
~ R)
~
~ dip (~r) = 0 3(m
B
3
4
R
Z

(91)

j6=1

(84)
(85)
(86)

XX.

MAXWELLS EQUATIONS

See inside cover of Griffiths.

(96)
(97)
(98)