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6 Tides
6 Tides
Outline...
1. Equilibrium Theory of Tides
daily diurnal, semidiurnal and mixed semidiurnal tides
monthly spring and neap tide
2. Dynamic Theory of Tides
rotary tidal motion
larger tidal ranges in coastal versus open-ocean regions
3. Special Cases
Forcing ocean water into a narrow embayment
Tidal forcing that is in resonance with the tide wave
1. Diurnal = one high tide and one low tide per day
2. Semidiurnal = two equal high tides and two equal low tides per day
3. Mixed Semidiurnal = two unequal high tides and two unequal low tides
per day
Time (hr)
Time (hr)
Time (hr)
moon
moon
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centrifugal
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gravity
moon
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moon
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Combined Effects of
the Moon and Sun
on Tidal Elevation
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Ocean Tides
Part II
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Since tidal waves are of the same length scale as the earth and
motions are on the order of a day, Coriolis Force also has a very
significant effect on the direction of tidal wave propagation.
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The Coriolis Force always acts exactly to the right of the direction of motion in the northern
hemisphere and always directly to the left of the direction of motion in the southern
hemisphere
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Co-Tidal Lines
Rotary
Tides
Amphidromic Point
Co-Range Lines
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Earths Cotidal Lines (White Lines) and Corange Lines (Color Contours)
Note that
coastal regions
generally
exhibit the
largest tidal
ranges
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8
6
4
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1. Tidal Forcing of Shallow Embayments can Enhance Tidal Ranges and create Tidal
Bores
2. For certain bay geometries, the tidal forcing frequency can be in resonance with
tidal wave propagation into and out of the bay that can lead to exaggerated tidal
variation. A direct analogy is what happens when you hold a spring at one end and
have a weight hanging from the other end and then begin to force the spring down
with a frequency that just matches the weights rise to its topmost height - with the
effect that the weight enters into exaggerated oscillations.
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Summary Points
1. Equilibrium Theory Explains:
diurnal, semidiurnal and mixed semidiurnal tides
spring neap tide series
2.Dynamic Theory Explains:
rotary motion of tides
why coastal regions experience larger tides than open ocean regions
3.Tidal Ranges can be exaggerated by:
Forcing ocean water into a narrow embayment
Tidal forcing that is in resonance with the tide wave
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