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  • Sa Aking Mga Kabata by Jose Rizal

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    Ryan Bardon
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    The document discusses the poem "Sa Aking Mga Kabata" (To My Fellow Youth) which is widely attributed to Jose Rizal, the Filipino national hero. However, several historians now believe this to be a hoax and that the actual authors were two other poets. The poem promotes the love of one's native language, Tagalog, and a passage from it about the importance of loving one's mother tongue is often quoted. While the poem was taught in schools to highlight Rizal's early nationalism, there is no evidence he actually wrote it as various details suggest it was authored later during the American period in the Philippines.

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    The document discusses the poem "Sa Aking Mga Kabata" (To My Fellow Youth) which is widely attributed to Jose Rizal, the Filipino national hero. However, several historians now believe this to be a hoax and that the actual authors were two other poets. The poem promotes the love of one's native language, Tagalog, and a passage from it about the importance of loving one's mother tongue is often quoted. While the poem was taught in schools to highlight Rizal's early nationalism, there is no evidence he actually wrote it as various details suggest it was authored later during the American period in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    635 views4 pages

    Sa Aking Mga Kabata by Jose Rizal

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Bardon
    The document discusses the poem "Sa Aking Mga Kabata" (To My Fellow Youth) which is widely attributed to Jose Rizal, the Filipino national hero. However, several historians now believe this to be a hoax and that the actual authors were two other poets. The poem promotes the love of one's native language, Tagalog, and a passage from it about the importance of loving one's mother tongue is often quoted. While the poem was taught in schools to highlight Rizal's early nationalism, there is no evidence he actually wrote it as various details suggest it was authored later during the American period in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4

    3/8/2015

    SaAkingMgaKabataByJoseP.Rizal|Paanoito?

    PAANOITO?
    BESTINANSWER

    SaAkingMgaKabataByJoseP.Rizal
    SaAkingMgaKabata(English:TomyFellowYouth)isapoemabouttheloveof
    onesnativelanguagewritteninTagalog.ItiswidelyattributedtotheFilipinonational
    heroJosRizal,whosupposedlywroteitin1869attheageofeight.[1]
    However,thereisnoevidencetosupportauthorshipbyRizalandseveralhistorians
    nowbelieveittobeahoax.[2]Theactualauthorofthepoemissuspectedtohavebeen
    thepoetsGabrielBeatoFranciscoorHerminigildoCruz.[3]

    Prominence
    ThepoemwaswidelytaughtinPhilippineschoolstopointoutRizalsprecociousness
    andearlydevelopmentofhisnationalisticideals.[1]
    ApassageofthepoemoftenparaphrasedasAnghindimarunongmagmahalsasariling
    wika,masaholpasahayopatmalansangisda(English:Hewhodoesnotlovehisown
    mothertongue,isworsethanabeastandrottenfish)iswidelyquotedtopromotethe
    useofTagalogamongFilipinos.Itisusedmostfrequently(ofteninanaccusatory
    manner)duringtheBuwanngWika(LanguageMonth),acommemorationofthe
    establishmentoftheFilipinolanguageasthenationallanguageofthePhilippines.[4][5]

    Publicationhistoryandauthorship
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    SaAkingMgaKabataByJoseP.Rizal|Paanoito?

    NomanuscriptforSaAkingMgaKabatawritteninRizalshandwritingexists.[6]The
    poemwasfirstpublishedin1906,adecadeafterhisdeath,inabookauthoredbythe
    poetHerminigildoCruz.Cruzclaimedthathereceivedthepoemfromanotherpoet,
    GabrielBeatoFrancisco,whointurnreceiveditin1884fromanallegedclosefriendof
    Rizal,SaturninoRaselis.JosRizal,however,hasnevermentionedanyonebythename
    ofSaturninoRaselis.[2][7]ThepoemmayhaveactuallybeenwrittenbyCruzor
    Francisco.[2][3]

    PascualH.Pobletepublishedadifferentaccountinhisintroductiontothe1909
    translationNoliMeTangere;NovelangWicangCastilaNaTinagalogNiPascualH.
    Poblete(noteoldTagalogspelling),heclaimsthatthepoemwaswellknowntoFilipino
    poetsduringRizalschildhood.[8]ThisaccountwaslaterrepeatedinAustinCoates
    1968biographyofRizal,Rizal:PhilippineNationalistandMartyr,whofurtheradded
    thatJuanLunahadaroleinpreservingthepoem.Thisisnotsubstantiatedbyany
    knownevidence.[3]

    TheearliestknownpoemsofRizalintheNationalHistoricalInstitutescollection,Poesas
    PorJosRizal,alsodatesixyearsaftertheallegedwritingdateofSaAkingMgaKabata.His
    ownaccountoftheearliestawakeningofhisnationalisticviews,identifiesitastheyear
    1872theyearoftheexecutionsofthepriestsMarianoGmez,JosApolonioBurgos,
    andJacintoZamora.[9]ThepoemisnevermentionedbyRizalhimselfinallhis
    voluminouswritings,despiteitsapparentsignificanceintermsofhisfutureideals.[3]

    Authenticity
    HistorianAmbethOcampo,NationalArtistofthePhilippinesandwriterVirgilioS.
    AlmarioandothershavedebunkedRizalstraditionalauthorshipofthepoembasedon
    thefollowing:[2]
    ThepoemusestheTagalogwordkalayaan(liberty/freedom).However,Rizalfirst
    encounteredthewordatleastby1882,whenhewas25yearsold17yearsafterhe
    supposedlywrotethepoem.Rizalfirstcameacrosskalayaan,orasitwas
    spelled,kalayahan,throughaTagalogtranslationbyMarceloH.DelPilarofRizalsown
    essayElAmorPatrio.[2][10]
    ThefluencyandsophisticationoftheTagalogusedinthepoemalsodonotmatchRizals
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    SaAkingMgaKabataByJoseP.Rizal|Paanoito?

    ThefluencyandsophisticationoftheTagalogusedinthepoemalsodonotmatchRizals
    graspofthelanguage.AlthoughRizalsnativetonguewasTagalog,hisearlyeducation
    wasallinSpanish.IntheoftquotedanecdoteofthemothandtheflamefromRizals
    memoir,thechildrensbookheandhismotherwerereadingwasentitledElAmigosde
    losNios,anditwasinSpanish.[11]Hewouldlaterlamenthisdifficultiesinexpressing
    himselfinTagalog.In1886,RizalwasinLeipzigworkingonaTagalogtranslation
    ofFriedrichSchillersWilliamTell,whichhesenthometohisbrotherPaciano.Inthe
    accompanyingletter,RizalspeaksofhisdifficultyfindinganappropriateTagalog
    equivalentofFreheit(freedom),settlingonkalayahan.RizalcitedDelPilarstranslationof
    hisownessayashissourceforkalayahan.[2][10]Rizalalsoattemptedtowriteanovelin
    Tagalog,onlytogiveupandstartagaininSpanish.[2][3]

    The8yearoldRizalsapparentfamiliaritywithLatinandEnglishisalsoquestionable.
    [2][3]InhismemoirasastudentinManila,ayearafterthepoemssupposedwriting

    date,headmittedonlyhavingalittleknowledgeofLatinfromlessonsbyafriendofhis
    father.[12]RizalalsodidnotstudyEnglishuntil1880,morethantenyearsafterthe
    poemwasallegedlywritten.EnglishwasnotaprominentlanguageinthePhilippinesin
    1869anditspresenceinthepoemisbelievedtobetraylaterauthorshipduring
    theAmericanCommonwealthofthePhilippines.[3]
    ThepoemalsousestheletterK,whileinRizalschildhoodTagalogwasspelledwith
    theSpanishletterCinsteadoftheTagalogK.TheshiftinTagalogand
    laterFilipinoorthographyfromCtoKwasproposedbyRizalhimselfasanadult,and
    latermadeofficialbythePhilippinegovernment.[2]
    Thepoem
    _________________________________________________________________
    ApproximateEnglishtranslation
    (notrhyming)

    Originaltext(asfirstpublished)
    SaAkingMgaKabata
    Kapagkaangbayaysadyng
    umiibig
    Sakanyngsalitngkaloobnglangit,
    Sanglangkalayaannasaringmasapit
    Katuladngibongnasahimpapawid.

    TomyFellowYouth

    Pagkatangsalitayisangkahatulan

    Forlanguageisameasureofworth

    Ifanationspeoplecertainlylove
    Theirgiftoflanguagebestowedbyheaven,
    Sotoowilltheyregaintheirpawnedfreedom
    Asthebirdthatfliesinthesky.

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    SaAkingMgaKabataByJoseP.Rizal|Paanoito?

    Pagkatangsalitayisangkahatulan
    Sabayan,sanayotmgakaharin,
    Atangisngtaoykatulad,kabagay
    Ngalinmanglikhanoongkalayan.

    Forlanguageisameasureofworth
    Ofnations,towns,andkingdoms,
    Andeachpersonalike,deserves
    Thatofanycreationbornfree.

    Anghindimagmahalsakanyang
    salit
    Mahigitsahayopatmalansngisd,
    Kayangmarapatpagyamaning
    kus
    Natuladsainngtunaynanagpal.

    Onewhodoesnottreasurehisownlanguage
    isworsethanabeastandputridfish,
    Thusitshouldbenurturedgladly
    Asourmothersnurturedus.

    AngwikangTagalogtuladdinsa
    Latin
    SaIngls,Kastilatsalitanganghel,
    SapagkatangPoongmaalam
    tumingn
    Angsiyangnaggawad,nagbigaysa
    atin.
    Angsalitanatiyhuwaddinsaiba
    Namayalfabetoatsarilingletra,
    Nakayanawalydinatnanngsigw
    Anglundaysalawnongdakong
    una.

    ThelanguageTagalogislikeLatin,
    LikeEnglish,Spanish,andthelanguageof
    angels
    ForitwastheLord,inhiswisdom
    Whobestowedit,whogaveittous.
    Thislanguageislikethatofothers,
    Withtheirownalphabetandtheirown
    characters,
    Butvanishedasifasuddenstormhadcome
    upon
    Aboatinalakeinanagelongpast.

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