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Math 115 Lab 4 Solutions

1
1
5
5
2

1
1


3
1. Let T : R4 R3 be a linear transformation. If T
1 = 1 , and T 0 = 0 , find T 4.
3
1
1
2
2
Answer:
T

2 =4 1

T 
1 1

T
2 .


5

 
T
T 
T 
2 ) =T 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 2


T 
T 
=4T 1 1 1 1
T 1 1 0 2

T 
T
=4 5 1 3 2 0 1

T
= 18 4 11

Thus,

T( 5

2. Are the following transformations T : R2 R2 linear? Verify your answer.

   2
  

x
x
x
x
(a) T
=
(b) T
=
y
y
y
y+3
Solution:
(a) Let ~u =

 
 
u1
v
and ~v = 1 . Then
u2
v2


u1 + v1
T (~u + ~v ) = T
u2 + v2


(u1 + v1 )2
=
u2 + v2
 2

u1 + 2u1 v1 + v12
=
u2 + v2

But
T (~u) + T (~v )

 2  2
u1
v
+ 1
u2
v2
 2

u1 + v12
=
u2 + v2
=

6= T (~u + ~v )
 
 
u
v
(b) Let ~u = 1 and ~v = 1 . Then
u2
v2
T (~u + ~v )



u1 + v1
= T
u2 + v2


u1 + v1
=
u2 + v2 + 3

But


T (~u) + T (~v )

 

u1
v1
+
u2 + 3
v2 + 3


u1 + v1
=
u2 + v2 + 6
=

6= T (~u + ~v )
Therefore, T is not linear.

3. In each case, find the standard matrix for the given transformation.
(a) A reflection in the y-axis followed by a rotation through /3.
(b) A rotation through /4 followed by a reflection in the x-axis.
Solution:
#


 " 1
3
0
cos(/3) sin(/3)

2
, R/3 =
= 23
1
1
sin(/3) cos(/3)
2
2
"
"
#
#

3
3
1
1

1
0

2
2
2
=
The standard matrix for R/3 Ry is 23
3
1
1
0 1
2
2
2
2
#
"




1
1

2
1 0
cos(/4) sin(/4)
and Rx =
(b) R/4 =
The standard matrix for
= 12
1
0 1
sin(/4) cos(/4)
2
2
"
#
#
 " 1
1
1
12 1 0
2
2
2
= 1
Rx R/4 = 1
1
0 1
12
2
2
2


1
(a) Ry =
0

4. If A is 4 4 and det A = 2, find det(15A1 6 adjA).

Solution
We have A1 =

1
1
adjA = adjA, so adjA = 2A1 .
det A
2
Using the fact that A1 is of size 4 4, this gives
det(15A1 6 adjA) = det(15A1 12A1 ) = det(3 A1 ) = 34 det(A1 ) = 81

x1
5. Evaluate det 2
2
Then find all values of

1
81
=
.
2
2

2
3
3 x 2 by first adding all other rows to the first row.
x
2
x such that the determinant is zero.

Solution
R
1 + R2 +R3

x1 2
3
x1 x1 x1
3 x 2 = det 2
3
x 2 C2 C1 , C3 C1
det 2
2
x
2
2
x
2

x1
0
0
5
x 4 R2 R3
= det 2
2
x
+
2
0

x1
0
0
x+2
0 = (x 1)(x + 2)(x 4).
= det 2
2
5
x4
Hence the determinant is zero if x = 1, 2 or 4.


3 5 2 6


1 2 1 1

 using elementary row/column operations and Cofactor Expansion.
6. (a) Evaluate 

2 4 1 5
3 7 5 3
(b) Use your result in (a) and Cramers Rule to solve for y in the linear system
3x + 5y 2z + 6w
x + 2y z + w
2x + 4y + z + 5w
3x + 7y + 5z + 3w
Solution:

=1
=0
=3
=8


3

1
(a) 
2
3

5 2
2 1
4 1
7 5


 

6 0 1 1 3
1




1 1 2 1 1
0
=

=




3 3
5 0 0
1



0 1
8 0
3
R1 3R2
R3 2R2
R4 3R2

(b) Evaluate the determinant of the matrix

 of constants: 
with the vector

3 1 2 6 0 1 1 3
1

 


1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
 = 3
=


2 3 1 5 0 3 3 3
8

 

3 8 5 3 0 8 8 0
R1 3R2
R3 2R2
R4 3R2
0
Thus, y =
= 0.
18



1
1 3

3 3 =  0
0
8 0



1 3
3
3 3 = (1) 
9
9 3


3
= 18.
3

R 3 + R1

obtained by replacing column 2 of the coefficient matrix

1
3
8


3
3 = 0
0