PRESENTED BY :

SANJOG S. SHIRSAT

ROLL NO. 05253

INTRODUCTION
Primary function of the steering
system is to achieve angular motion of
the front wheels to negotiate the turn.
This is done
through linkage and steering gear
which convert the rotary motion of the
steering wheel into angular motion of
the front road wheels.

MECHANICAL STEERINGS
The different types of mechanical
steerings used in modern cars are :
RACK AND PINION STEERING.
RECIRCULATING BALL BEARING .
MANUAL WORM AND SECTOR STEERING.
WORM AND TAPERED PEG STEERING.
MANUAL WORM AND ROLLER STEERING.
WORM AND NUT STEERING.
WORM AND WHEEL STEERING.

RACK AND PINION STEERING

Rack-and-pinion steering
is quickly becoming the
most common type of
steering on cars, small
trucks and SUVs. It is
actually a pretty simple
mechanism. A rack-andpinion gear set is enclosed
in a metal tube, with each
end of the rack protruding
from the tube. A rod,
called a tie rod, connects
to each end of the rack .

RECIRCULATING BALL
STEERING
Recirculating-ball steering
is used on many trucks
and SUVs (sport utility
vehicle) today. The
linkages that turns the
wheels is slightly different
than on a rack and pinion
system. The recirculating
ball steering gear contains
a worm gear. You can
imagine the gear in two
parts. The first part is a
block of metal with a
threaded hole in it.

POWER STEERING

1. POWER RACK AND PINION

Part of the rack contains a cylinder with a
piston in the middle. The piston is
connected to the rack. There are two fluid
ports, one on either side of the piston .

HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING

SYSTEM
The most used
steering system. It is
based on the
components of the
mechanical steering
system, in addition
there is a hydraulic
system, usually
consisting of hydro
pump with V-belt
drive, hydraulic lines,
oil reservoir and
steering valve.

ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC POWER
STEERING SYSTEM
The electro-hydraulic
power steering system
is based on the rackand-pinion hydraulic
power steering and its
essential new feature
is an electrically driven
hydraulic pump, which
substitutes the
steering pump driven
so far by the vehicle
engine .

ELECTRIC POWER STEERING

SYSTEM
The electric power
steering system
combines a
mechanical steering
system with an
electronically
controlled electric
motor to a dry power
steering. The hydraulic
system, which so far
delivered the steering
boost, is substituted
by an electrical
system.

BMW Active Steering

BMW's Active Steering, a true breakthrough

in steering technology, supports the driver
at all speeds, particularly in the lower and
medium speed range .

ACTUAL PHOTO PRESENTING LOCATION AND VIEW OF ACTIVE SREERING

STEER BY WIRE SYSTEMS

The main feature of
future steering
systems is the missing
direct mechanical link
between steering
wheel and steered
wheels. With such a
steer-by-wire steering
system the missing
steering columns
function must be
reproduced in both
directions of action.

ADVANTAGES OF STEER-BYWIRE SYSTEMS

Improvement of steering
comfort. Road disturbance is first
evaluated and assessed by the
system; only useful information
is fed to the driver.
Reduction of injury risk in an
accident by missing steering
column .