1. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps.

Suppose that
the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along
the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B.
a. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to end
delay.
b. Suppose Host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = t trans, where
ttrans is the transmission time, where is the last bit of the packet?
c. Suppose the propagation delay dprop is greater than ttrans. At time t = ttrans, where
is the first bit of the packet?
d. Suppose s = 2.5 108, L = 100bits, and R = 28 kbps. Find the distance m so that
ttrans = dprop
2. A sliding window protocol is used between a sender and a receiver. The sender wants
to send 10 packets with a rate 1packet/1ms. The propagation time is 2 ms for any packet,
and the time out is 8 ms. The time for processing packet is negligible
a. Assume that Go-Back-N is used, window size is 5 and the packet #4 is lost.
Complete the figure below that shows packets from sender to receiver and ACK
packets in the reverse direction.
b. Same as (a) with Selective Reject ARQ.
c. Assume that sender wants to send 20 packets, we use selective reject protocol
and the packet #4 is lost. What is the minimum window size so that the window is
never full? Explain.

3. In the following picture, frames are generated at node A and sent to node C through
node B. Determine the minimum transmission rate required between nodes B and C so
that the buffers of node B are not flooded, based on the following:

The data rate between A and B is 100kbps.

The propagation delay is 10uSec/mile for both lines.
There are full duplex lines between the nodes.
All data frames are 1000 bits long; ACK frames are separate frames of negligible length.
Between A and B, a sliding-window protocol with a window size of 3 is used.
Between B and C, stop-and-wait is used.
There are no errors.

Hint: In order not to flood the buffers of B, the average number of frames entering and leaving B must be
the same over a long interval.