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Spline Tolerance Analysis
Spline Tolerance Analysis
I. INTRODUCTION
sided spline [6]. Further, the involute splines guarantee selfcentering action of hub and shaft which are being under
load. There are two basics types of splines: the flexible
spline (working) and the fixed splined (nonworking).
Flexible spline allows some rocking motion whereas fixed
spline allows no relative or rocking motion between two
coupling elements.
Involute splines are very similar to gears, but their teeth
are shorter in height (a stub tooth). Therefore, an involute
spline can be cut and measured by the same machines as for
gear teeth. Standard involute splines utilize the nominal
pressure angle values of 300, 37.50 or 450. However, in
special applications, the pressure angles of 14.50, 200 or 250
are sometimes chosen, which are commonly used in gears.
Involute splines are specified by the international
standard [4] or by the national standards, e.g. [1]-[3]. This
paper considers the international standard only. According
to the ISO standard there are four classes of machining
tolerance for splines (4, 5, 6, 7) and six fit classes (H/d, H/e,
H/f, H/h, H/js, H/k). Fittings mentioned above concern side
fits only. Tooth flanks transmit the torque and
simultaneously create the coaxial connection.
II. ACTUAL AND EFFECTIVE TOOTH SIZE
ISBN: 978-988-19251-5-2
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
WCE 2011
0.6 Fp2 F2 F2
Smin
Smax
S vmax
Fig. 3. Tolerance zones for the tooth thickness and the space width: T
machining tolerance, deviation allowance, (T+) total tolerance,
S(E)max(min) maximum (minimum) actual tooth thickness (space width),
S(E)vmax(vmin) maximum (minimum) effective tooth thickness (space width),
cvmin(vmax) minimum (maximum) effective clearance, cmax maximum
clearance
(1)
TABLE I
FORMULAS FOR ALLOWABLE TOTAL PITCH DEVIATION , TOTAL PROFILE DEVIATION, AND TOTAL LEAD DEVIATION
Total profile deviation
Total lead deviation
Total pitch deviation
F
F
Spline tolerance
Fp
(m)
(m)
(m)
class IT
4
5
6
7
2.5 m z / 2 6.3
3.55 m z / 2 9
5 m z / 2 12.5
7.1 m z / 2 18
1.6 ( m 0.0125 m z ) 10
0.8
2.5 ( m 0.0125 m z ) 16
4 ( m 0.0125 m z ) 25
6.3 ( m 0.0125 m z ) 40
L 4
L 5
1.25
2
L 6.3
L 10
ISBN: 978-988-19251-5-2
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
WCE 2011
0,18
0,16
0,14
IT 4
IT 5
IT 6
IT 7
0,12
0,1
0,08
0,06
0,04
0,02
0,080
0
0
0,070
40
60
80
100
0,060
0,050
IT 4
IT 5
IT 6
IT 7
0,040
0,030
0,020
REFERENCES
0,010
0,000
0
20
40
60
80
100
0,1
Deviation allowance (mm)
20
0,09
0,08
0,07
IT 4
IT 5
IT 6
IT 7
0,06
0,05
0,04
0,03
0,02
0,01
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
0,1
0,09
0,08
0,07
IT 4
IT 5
IT 6
IT 7
0,06
0,05
0,04
0,03
0,02
0,01
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
ISBN: 978-988-19251-5-2
ISSN: 2078-0958 (Print); ISSN: 2078-0966 (Online)
WCE 2011