Lab 2

The Appendicular Skeleton

Textbook Chapter 8

The Shoulder Girdle & Upper Extremity

Shoulder Girdle:
Clavicle & Scapula
Upper Extremity:
Humerus
Radius & Ulna
8 Carpals
5 Metacarpals
14 Phalanges

The Scapula Posterior View

Lateral Angle

Superior
Angle

Inferior Angle

Spine
Acromion Process

Supraspinous
Fossa
Supraspinous Fossa

Glenoid Fossa

Infraspinous Fossa
Infraspinous
Fossa

The Scapula Anterior View

Suprascapular Notch

Acromion Process

Corocoid Process

Subscapular Fossa

The Scapula Lateral View

Acromion Process

Corocoid Process

Glenoid Fossa

The Clavicle
Acromial End

Sternal End

(Left Clavicle)
Superior View

Conoid Tubercle

The Brachium: Humerus

Head
Anatomical Neck

Deltoid Tuberosity

Shaft (diaphysis)

The radial groove is located

immediately posterior to the
deltoid tuberosity

Anterior View

Proximal Humerus
Lesser Tubercle

Anatomical Neck

Greater Tubercle
Head

Surgical
Neck

Intertubercular
Sulcus (Groove)

Anterior View

Posterior View

(Right Humerus)

Distal Humerus
Anterior View

Posterior View

Lateral
Epicondyle

Coronoid Fossa

Radial Fossa

Olecranon
Fossa

Capitulum

Trochlea

Medial Epicondyle

The Antebrachium: Radius and Ulna

Proximal radio-ulnar joint: Elbow

Ulna
Ulna always medial in
anatomical position

Radius

Distal radio-ulnar joint: Wrist

The Radius
(Left Radius)

Head
Head

Neck
Neck

Radial Tuberosity
Radial Tuberosity should be
anterior in anatomical position

Anterior View

Styloid Process
(lines up with thumb)

Distal Radius

Styloid Process

Ulnar Notch

Proximal Ulna
Coronoid Process

Olecranon Process

Proximal Ulna
(Left Ulna)
Trochlear Notch

Has to face anterior

Radial Notch
Should face laterally

Distal Ulna

Head
Head

Styloid Process
Process
Styloid

Head
Head
Neck
Neck

Olecranon
Process
Olecranon Process
(anteriorly-facing)
(Anteriorly-facing)

Trochlear
Notch
Trochlear Notch
Coronoid Process
Coronoid
Process

Radial
Tuberosity
Radial
Tuberosity
(anteriorly-facing)
(anteriorly-facing)
Proximal
Proximal Radioulnar
RadioulnarJoint
Joint
(Head
of Radius
+ +
(Head
of Radius
Radial
Notch
of Ulna)
Radial
Notch
of Ulna)
Distal Radioulnar
Radioulnar Joint
Distal
Joint
(Head
of Ulna
+ +
(Head
of Ulna
Ulnar Notch
Notch of
of Radius)
Radius)
Ulnar

Shafts
Shafts

Head
Head

Styloid
Process
Styloid
Process

Styloid
Process
Styloid
Process
(posteriorly-facing)
(posteriorly-facing)

The Carpal Bones

Capitate

Trapezoid
Hamate

Trapezium

Pisiform

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetral

Palmar View
Capitate
Trapezoid

Hamate

Trapezium

Triquetral

Scaphoid
Lunate

Pisiform

Disarticulated Carpal Bones

Proximal Row

Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform

Peanut
Shaped

Crescent
Shaped

Triangle
With
Round
Bottom

Distal Row

Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Saddle
Shape

Largest

Has
Process

The Hand
Distal Phalanx

Middle Phalanx

Phalanges (14)

II

Metacarpals (5)

Proximal Phalanx

III
IV

Note the difference

in the thumb.

Metacarpals & Phalanges: LONG Bones

Head
Shaft

Head
Shaft
Base

Base

The Pelvic Girdle & Lower Extremity

Pelvic Girdle:
Os Coxae & Sacrum

Lower Extremity:
Femur
Tibia and Fibula
7 Tarsals
5 Metacarpals
14 Phalanges

The Pelvic Girdle

Sacrum

Os Coxa

Os Coxa

Obturator
Foramen

Iliopectineal Line
Pelvic Inlet

Also
Pelvic Outlet

Symphysis Pubis

Os Coxa 3 Fused Bones

Ilium

Pubis

Ischium

The Acetabulum

Acetabular Labrum

Acetabular
Fossa

Acetabular Notch

The Ilium Lateral View

Iliac crest
dimple on back
PSIS
Posterior superior
iliac spine

ASIS
Anterior superior
iliac spine

PIIS
Posterior inferior
iliac spine

AIIS
Anterior Inferior
Iliac spine

superior view

The Ilium Superior View

Iliac Crest
(S-Shaped)

Iliac Tuberosity

The Ilium Medial View

Iliac Tuberosity

ASIS
Iliac Fossa
PSIS

AIIS
PIIS

Auricular Surface

The Ilium Posterior Lateral View

Greater Sciatic Notch

The Ischium Lateral View

Ramus - a branch, a part of an
irregularly shaped bone that is
thicker than a process and forms
an angle with the main body

Ischial Tuberosity

Ischial Ramus

The Ischium Posterior Lateral View

Ischial
Ischial
Tuberosity
Tuberosity

Lesser Sciatic Notch

Ischial Spine

The Ischium Posterior View

Articulated with the Femur
(right hip)

Greater Sciatic Notch

Ischial Spine

Lesser Sciatic Notch

Ischial Tuberosity

Femur

The Pubis Lateral View

Superior Ramus

Body

Inferior Pubic Ramus

The Pubis Superior Medial View

Superior Pubic Ramus

Pubic Crest

Body

Symphyseal
Surface

Inferior Pubic Ramus

Ischial Ramus

Articulating Pubis Bones

Pubic Crest

The Proximal Femur Anterior View

Greater Trochanter

Head

Neck

Intertrochanteric Line

Lesser Trochanter

The Proximal Femur Posterior View

Intertrochanteric Crest

Greater Trochanter

Lesser
Trochanter

Gluteal
Tuberosity

The Proximal Femur - Medial View

Trochanteric Fossa

Fovea Capitis

Greater Trochanter

Lesser Trochanter

The Distal Femur Anterior View

Patellar Surface

Medial
Epicondyle

Lateral
Epicondyle

Lateral
Condyle

Medial Condyle
Medial
Condyle

left

The Distal Femur Posterior View

Adductor Tubercle on
Medial Epicondyle

Medial
Condyle

Popliteal Surface

Lateral
Condyle

Intercondylar
Fossa

Gluteal Tuberosity

Linea Aspera
Shaft (Diaphysis)

Popliteal Surface

Fovea
Capitus
Fovea
Capitus

Greater Trochanter
Head

Neck
Lesser Trochanter

Intertrochanteric Crest

Gluteal Tuberosity

Linea Aspera

Intercondylar Fossa

Popliteal Surface
Adductor Tubercle
Medial Epicondyle

Posterior View
Medial Condyle
Right

Lateral Epicondyle
Lateral Condyle

The Patella

(Knee cap)

To Identify:
Apex points away from you and
the way it leans is R/L

Anterior View

Posterior View

Base

Apex

(Distal)

Articular Facet for

Medial Epicondyle

Articular Facet for

Lateral Epicondyle

The Tibia Anterior View

Lateral Condyle

Medial Condyle

Tibial Tuberosity

Shaft (Diaphysis)

(RIGHT TIBIA)
Medial Malleolus

The Proximal Tibia Superior View

Anterior Intercondylar Fossa

Lateral
Condyle

Intercondylar Eminence

Medial
Condyle

Posterior Intercondylar Fossa

The Proximal Tibia Inferior View

Lateral Condyle

Articular Facet for

Head of Fibula

The Distal Tibia Inferior View

Fibular Notch

Inferior Articular Surface

Medial Malleolus

The Proximal Fibula Superior View

Shaft

Head

Tibial Facet

The Distal Fibula

(Identify: rotate in hand,
which way the lateral surface points is R/L)
Lateral View

Lateral Malleolus
(point to heel)

Medial View

Articular Facet for

Talus

Malleolar Fossa

Fibula

Tibia

Head
Head

Tibial
Tuberosity
Tibial
Tuberosity

Tibial Facet
Tibial
Facet(fibula)
(fibula)
Articular Facet
Articular
Facet(tibia)
(tibia)
Anterior
AnteriorCrest
Crest
(aka:
(aka:shin)
shin)

Fibular
Notch (tibia)
Fibular Notch
(tibia)

Lateral
LateralMalleolus
Malleolus

Medial
Malleolus
Medial
Malleolus

The Tarsal Bones Superior View

Medial Cuneiform (I)
Intermediate Cuneiform (II)
Lateral Cuneiform (III)

Navicular

Cuboid
Talus

Calcaneus

The Talus Superior View

Identify R/L: direction the wing points
Anterior

Lateral

Trochlea

Posterior

Medial

The Calcaneus
Sustentaculum Tali

Calcaneal
Tuberosity
Left Calcaneus
Inferior View

Superior View

The Metatarsals & Phalanges

Distal Phalanx

Distal Phalanx

Proximal Phalanx

Middle Phalanx
Proximal Phalanx
IV
V

Metatarsals

III

II