7.

.
(7.1].
:
1. ( );
2. ( );
3. ;
4. .

. ,
.

7.1.

.
,
(7.2), (7.3).

,
(7.4|.

7.2.

(h1,
W/(m2K))

3l l l g g r

h1 0,725

l d s t

14

(7.1.)

l, W/(m K), ,
l, kg/m3, ,
g, kg/m3, ,
l, Pa s, ,
18
r, J/kg,

4
2
g, m/s ,
ds,m,
t, C, .

(tsr, C), (tkond, ) (t z, )
[7.5]

t sr t kond 0,5 0,75 t kond t z

(7.2.)
(7.1)

 3l l l g g

h1 0,95

l h

13

(7.3.)
(7.3)

:
h,kg/(ms)

h mkond L

mkond, kg/s,
L,m, .

, (7.1)

3l l l g g r

h1 0,651

l d s q

13

(7.4)

:
q, W/m2, .
( 7.1.a)
, .

18
4

7.1

(h,sr, W/(m2K)) (Nr) [7.6]

ah ,sr N r1 6 za N r 10

ah1 1.24 N r1 4 za N r 10
,
( 7.1.b)
[7.7]

N r 0.78 Dcc t
:
-Dcc, m, ,
-t, m, .
(7.3)
(Nc).

mkond
Nc L
, kg/(ms)

e ,
, , (
) ( ) [7.7]:

A B i d s Re 2 h41
4

14

:
-,
1,0 0.8
,

B 0.9 1 g g

l l

0.5

13

Pr r
l
c pl t

(7.9)
-CPL, /(kg), ,
- Prl, ,
- Re, .

Re

d s Wg l

l
18
4

-wg, m/s, .
(7.8):

a d

Nu id s 0.3 Re 0.6 Prl0.4 1 l

l
g

0.5

.
,
,
.

 .

( 7.2)
[7.7]
(7.12)

H ujnin 0.28 Du 0.13 L p

, mm

0,15 Du 0,75 L p , mm a L p / Du 0,4

H u ,max

0,45 Du , mm a L p /D u 0,4

7.2
Lp, mm,
Du, mm, e
e 6.
.
, , e
,
( ,
18
).
4

7.3.

(v, W/(m2K)):

3l l l g g r

v 0.943

l L t

14

(7.1)
(L, m).


(7.14), [7.3] 20%,
:

3l l l g g r

v 1.130

l L t

14

13 l l g g

v 0.925

l v

13

:
-

v, kg/(ms)

mkond
Nc ds

13 l l g g r

v 1.177

l L q

13

(7.18)

(7.15) 30. Re
. (7.1):
(7.15)
30 , (7.15) 2000.

:

3
1

l2

13

18
g
l 4

1.468
Re1 3

(7.19)

2000
[7.5]. (7.20), 7.3

3l l l g g

l2

13

1 3
l

22 Pr

Re
Re 0.8 364 12800

 :
"/
:

- ,. .

Prl, , .
7.3
7.3

.
,
(7.20) ,
.

.

[7.9]

(x, kg /kg )

v ,BK u
:

J 1

J1p 2 J k1 2
2
18
4

l g ~
x
g

() () , u, W/(m2K),
( ) ,
.

. (7.21)

 v , BK u

1 l g

12

(7.20) (7.21).
, ,
(
-)
.
[7.10]:

w1g 2 1g 4 wl1 4 l1 4

g d
u

14

0,6

:
du, m, .
(wg, m/s) (wl, m/s) ,
.

7.4.
-
( ) . ,
.
,
(7.21).

7.3.

(
),
|7.1].

, .

. , 25 % ( < 0,25),
,
.
18

h p h 4
r

g :

...

hp, J/kg,

h",J/kg, .
,
:

1 r hp h
g :

-h', J/kg, .

(tkond, C), :

t sr
ln

t2k t2 p
t kond t 2 p
t kond t2 k

:
-

t2p, C,

t2k,. .
, (x> 0,8) c
rx.
, .
.

7.4.

.
-.
,
( 7.4),
.

7.4


200 W/(m2K)
18
4
[7.1].
,
.
.

7.5.

.

.
, .
.

 .

(, kg /kg )
7.5. (nk, W/(m2K))
.
[7.11].

7.5

7.5 1 %
60 %.
,

7.5.

7.6.

,
. .

18
4

7.6
- ,
.
, -
. 40 + 50 %

 , .
.
( 1 ^5) 03 ,
(7.12)

ml sr mlul ml ul m l iz ; t ul t iz

ki pk mk

pk pk f pk

X LM

x
1 ~
~
x

Re l

0,9

g
l

0. 5

l
g

0 ,1

1 ~x m p d u
l

mk f mk
mk

0l .79 c 0pl.45 l0, 49

t z t k 0, 24 p z pk 0,75
0,5
0 , 29
0.24
0, 24
l r g

mk 1.22 103

mk 0,104 pc0,69 1,8 p pc

0 ,17

4 p pc

1, 2

10 p pc

q mk t z
t
18 k
4

cxp 0,0083 t k 1 t k 2

qc 0,131 r g l g g2

0 , 25

, W/m2 8.11

qc 3,67 10 4 pc p pc

0, 35

1 p pc

0,9

, W/m2 8.12

10

0.7

1 k t sr q N 2 6000 1 1 1 1 R1 R2
Tr T Tc

qc K t t d s r N c0,5 g l g g2

0, 5

wgjnax 0,2 l g 1

Amin 0,8 mg g0,5

18
4

0 , 25