TCXDVN 391: 2007

TCXDVN

Tiu chun xy dng Vit nam

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Bin son ln 2

B tngYu cu bo dng m t nhin

Concrete Requirements for Natural Moist Curing

H ni - 2007

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Li ni u
Tiu chun TCXDVN 391: 2007 do Hi Cng nghip B tng Vit Nam bin son, B
Xy dng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 16/Q- BXD, ngy25 thng 4 nm 2007.
Tiu chun ny thay th tiu chun TCVN 5592: 1991 - B tng nng - Yu cu bo dng
m t nhin.

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Tiu chun xy dng Vit Nam

TCXDVN 391: 2007

1- Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny quy nh nhng yu cu v Bo dng m t nhin, bng cch ph m
v ti nc cho cc kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp trong sn xut v thi cng,
chu tc ng trc tip ca cc yu t kh hu Vit Nam.
2 Ti liu vin dn
TCXD 191: 1996 B tng v vt liu b tng- Thut ng v nh ngha ;
TCXDVN 305: 2004 - B tng khi ln - Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu.
TCXDVN 302 : 2004 - Nc cho b tng v va - Yu cu k thut.
3 Thut ng- nh ngha
- Bo dng m t nhin: Qu trnh gi m thng xuyn cho b tng trong iu kin
tc ng ca cc yu t kh hu a phng. C th thc hin Bo dng m t nhin
bng cch ti nc trc tip ln b mt b tng, ph vt liu m v ti nc, phun
sng, hoc ph cc vt liu cch nc ln mt b tng (xem TCXD 191: 1996).
- Cng bo dng ti hn: Gi tr cng nn ca b tng ti thi im ngng
qu trnh Bo dng m t nhin, k hiu l RthBD, n v tnh l % cng b tng
tui 28 ngy m, %R28 (xem TCXD 191: 1996).
- Thi gian bo dng cn thit: Thi gian tnh t khi bt u Bo dng m t nhin
cho ti khi b tng t Cng bo dng ti hn, k hiu l TctBD, n v tnh l
ngy m.
- Bo dng ban u: Qu trnh gi cho b tng khng b bc hi nc vo khng kh
khi cha th ti nc gi m trc tip ln mt b tng.
- Bo dng tip theo: Qu trnh gi m hn ch b tng bc hi nc vo khng
kh, tnh t khi bt u ti nc ln mt b tng ti khi ngng qu trnh Bo dng
m t nhin.
- B mt h: B mt kt cu b tng c th bc hi nc vo khng kh.
4 Quy nh chung
4.1 Qu trnh Bo dng m t nhin cn c tin hnh lin tc ngay sau khi hon
thin b mt b tng cho ti khi ngng qu trnh Bo dng.
4.2 Hai thng s k thut sau y c trng ng thi cho qu trnh Bo dng m t
nhin ca b tng :
- Cng bo dng ti hn v
- Thi gian bo dng cn thit.
Khi nh gi v ch Bo dng m t nhin ca b tng cn phi ng thi xem
xt c 2 thng s ny. Trong thng s quyt nh l RthBD, cn thng s TctBD c
xc nh da trn thng s RthBD tu theo vng kh hu c th.

TCXDVN 391: 2007

5 Phn vng kh hu theo yu cu Bo dng m b tng
Theo yu cu k thut Bo dng m t nhin ca b tng, lnh th nc ta c phn
thnh 3 vng kh hu in hnh l A, B v C, vi ranh gii a l, tn ma v thi gian
trong nm c nu Bng 1. Bn phn vng kh hu theo yu cu Bo dng m
t nhin ca b tng c th hin Hnh 1.
Bng 1- Phn vng kh hu theo yu cu
Bo dng m t nhin ca b tng
Vng kh
hu Bo
dng m
b tng
Vng A

Vng B

Vng C

V tr a l

Tn ma

T huyn Din
Chu
tr ra.
Pha ng Trng
sn t Din Chu
n Ninh Thun.
Phn cn li, bao
gm Ty nguyn
v ng bng Nam
b.

Ma h
Ma ng

IV - IX
X - III

Ma kh
Ma ma

II - VII
VIII - I

Ma kh
Ma ma

XII - IV
V - XI

T thng n
ht thng

6 Yu cu Bo dng m t nhin
6.1 Qu trnh Bo dng m t nhin c phn thnh 2 giai on : Bo dng ban
u v Bo dng tip theo. Hai giai on ny lin tc k tip nhau khng c bc
gin on, k t khi hon thin xong b mt b tng cho ti khi t c Cng
bo dng ti hn.
6.2 Giai on Bo dng ban u:
Trong giai on ny cn c bin php sao cho b tng khng b bc hi nc di
tc ng ca cc yu t kh hu a phng (nh nng, gi, nhit v m khng
kh). ng thi khng lc c hc tc ng ln b mt b tng.
Tin hnh Bo dng ban u nh sau :
B tng sau khi to hnh xong cn ph ngay b mt h bng cc vt liu c lm
m
(l cc vt liu a phng hoc cc vt thch hp sn c). Lc ny khng tc ng lc
c hc v khng ti nc trc tip ln mt b tng trnh cho b tng b h hi b
mt. Khi cn th c th ti nh nc ln mt vt liu ph m. Cng c th ph mt b
tng bng cc vt liu cch nc nh nilon, vi bt, hoc phun cht to mng ngn
nc bc hi. Khi dng cht to mng trn b mt b tng th vic tin hnh phun
c thc hin theo ch dn ca nh sn xut cht to mng. Cng c th dng thit b
phun sng phun nc thnh sng trc tip ln mt b tng m khng cn ph
mt b tng.
4

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Vic ph m b mt b tng trong giai on Bo dng ban u l nht thit phi c
khi thi cng trong iu kin b mt nc nhanh (nh gp tri nng gt, kh hu nng
kh, kh hu c gi Lo). Cc trng hp khc c th khng ph mt b tng, nhng
phi theo di m bo hn ch b tng b mt nc, trnh nt mt b tng.
Vic gi m b tng trong giai on Bo dng ban u ko di cho ti thi im b
tng t c mt gi tr cng nn nht nh, m bo c th ti nc trc tip
ln mt b tng m khng gy h hi. Thi gian t cng ny vo ma h
Vng A v cc ma Vng B v C l khong 2,5 5h; vo ma ng Vng A l
khong 5 - 8h ng rn ca b tng tu theo tnh cht ca b tng v c im ca thi
tit.

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Ti hin trng c th xc nh thi im ny bng cc ti th nc ln mt b tng,
nu thy b mt b tng khng b h hi l c. Khi bt u giai on Bo dng
tip theo.

1- Bn phn vng kh hu theo yu

6
cu Bo dng m b tng

TCXDVN 391: 2007

6.3 Giai on Bo dng tip theo: Tin hnh k tip ngay sau giai on Bo dng
ban u. y l giai on cn ti nc gi m lin tc mi b mt h ca b
tng cho ti khi ngng qu trnh Bo dng.
6.3.1 i vi b tng dng xi mng Pooclng v xi mmg pooclng hn hp: Cn
thng xuyn ti nc gi m cho mi b mt h ca kt cu b tng cho ti
th

khi b tng t gi tr Cng bo dng ti hn R BD v Thi gian bo

ct

a)

b)

c)
d)

e)

dng cn thit T BD nh sau:

i vi b tng nng thng thng, b tng mc cao, b tng chng thm, b
tng t ln: Khng di mc quy nh Bng 2, tu theo Vng v Ma kh
hu.
i vi b tng ct liu nh, b tng ct si phn tn: Thi gian bo dng cn
thit gim hn 1 ngy m so vi gi tr Bng 2. Ring ma ma Vng B
v C khng di s ngy m Bng 2.
i vi b tng bt v b tng kh: Thi gian bo dng cn thit tng thm 1
ngy so vi mc quy nh Bng 2.
i vi b tng ca kt cu s chu tc ng thng xuyn ca ho cht, b
tng ca kt cu xy dng vng ven bin trong phm vi 1km tnh t mp
nc v b tng hi o : Nu khng c quy nh ring ca thit k th Thi
gian bo dng cn thit ly tng thm 1 ngy so vi mc quy nh Bng 2.
i vi b tng khi ln :
B tng cc kt cu khi ln ca cc cng trnh cng nghip v dn dng
(nh mng sil, mng ng khi, mng my, tng v vm hm, tng chn
t vv): Ngoi cc yu cu ca thit k, Thi gian bo dng cn thit l
khng di 7 ngy m, khng phn bit Vng v Ma kh hu. Bin php
ti nc v bin php thot nhit cho b tng khi ln trong giai on Bo
dng tip theo cn thc hin theo hng dn ca TCXDVN 305: 2004.
B tng cc p ln: Thc hin theo yu cu ca thit k hoc theo Bin
php thi cng c ph duyt.

TCXDVN 391: 2007

Bng 2- Mc gi tr Cng bo dng ti hn RthBD v
Thi gian bo dng cn thit T ct BD cho b tng nng thng thng
Vng kh
hu Bo Tn ma
dng
m
b
tng
Ma h
Vng A
Ma
ng
Ma kh
Vng B
Ma ma
Ma kh
Vng C
Ma ma

Mc gi tr quy nh
T thng khng di
n ht R th BD, T ct BD, ngy
thng
%R28
m
IV- IX
X - III

50 - 55
40 - 50

3
4

II - VII
VIII - I
XII - IV
V - XI

55 - 60
35 - 40
70
30

4
2
6
1

f) i vi b tng m ln:
B tng m ln dng cho mt ng hoc sn bi: Thi gian bo dng
cn thit khng di mc quy nh Bng 2.
B tng m ln cho p ln: Thc hin theo yu cu ca thit k hoc theo
Bin php thi cng c ph duyt. C th dng thit b phun nc thnh
sng ln mt b tng ngay sau khi m ln mi lp. Vic phun sng c
tin hnh cun chiu ln theo cc lp . Khi ngng thi cng th lp cui
cng c ti nc bo dng khng t hn 7 ngy m.
6.3.2 i vi b tng dng xi mng Pooclng x v Pooclng Puzolan: Thi gian Bo
dng m tng thm 1 ngy m so vi quy nh Bng 2.
6.3.3 i vi b tng dng xi mng ng rn chm, hoc dng ph gia chm ninh kt:
Thi gian bo dng cn thit tng thm 1 ngy m so vi quy nh trong Bng 2.
6.3.4 i vi b tng dng xi mng ng rn nhanh, hoc dng ph gia tng nhanh
ng rn: Thc hin theo iu 6.3.1.b).
6.4 Trong giai on Bo dng tip theo c th ph m hoc khng ph m b mt b
tng. i vi vng c kh hu nng kh hoc c gi Lo th vic ph m s c tc
dng gim s ln ti nc trong ngy v hn ch nt mt b tng.
S ln ti nc trong mt ngy tu thuc vo mi trng kh hu a phng, sao
cho b mt b tng lun c m t. Vic ti nc gi m cn c duy tr c ban
ngy ln ban m m bo cho b mt b tng lun c gi m, trnh b kh
trong m.
Trong giai on Bo dng tip theo c th thc hin ngm nc trn mt b tng
thay cho ti nc gi m.
8

TCXDVN 391: 2007

6.5 Nc dng ti gi m b mt b tng nn tho mn yu cu ca Tiu chun
TCXDVN 302: 2004. Cng c th dng nc sng, nc h ao khng c tp cht gy
hi cho b tng Bo dng m b tng.
6.6 Khi sn xut cc sn phm b tng hoc thi cng cng trnh b tng c s dng
cc gii php k thut tng nhanh ng rn b tng nhm sm tho cp pha (nh
hp hi nc, hp bng nng lng mt tri, hp bng in vv) th qu trnh Bo
dng tip theo cn c thc hin cho ti khi b tng t Cng bo dng ti
hn theo iu 6.3. Khi tho cp pha m b tng t Cng bo dng ti hn
th khng cn bo dng m tip na. Nu cha t Cng bo dng ti hn th
phi tip tc ti nc bo dng m cho ti khi b tng t c Cng bo
dng ti hn theo quy nh.
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