World Cultures

Name: Anthony Tammaro

Unit III: Southeast Asia, Oceania and Australia

SOUTHEAST ASIA [Page 705 709]

A Long History of Diversity:
1. In a paragraph, explain how the early history [prior to 1000 AD] was highly diversified.
There were many ideas that were being spread throughout Asia. China and India influenced
ancient Southeastern Asia. Southeast Asia didnt have borders separating nations, just a
circle that could potentially overlap another nation.
2.How was the area of Southeast Asia organized and governed during their early history?
Mandalas were rings that were centered at the central court. These rings sometimes
overlapped which made it essential to make good relationships with other nations.
3.How did this change from 1300-1800?
There were five powerful states: Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Java, and the Malay
Peninsula. Trade became important to these powerful states. Growth of cities began to
take place.
Colonialism and its aftermath
1. What is colonialism?
The practice of getting full or partial political control over another country.
2. What was the only country in the region that wasnt a colony?
Thailand
3.Identify and explain the three ways colonialism changed Southeast Asia.
Colonial rules set up centralized, bureaucratic governments with regulations and set
routines.
4.Skillbuilder: Interpreting Maps [p. 706] -- Answer #1 and #2
1.West of French Indochina2.Dutch
5.What changes came to Southeast Asia during WWII?
The japanese took back the land occupied by the Europeans. They put Southeastern asian
in places of power. Some nations sought for their independence and got it without any
issues.
6.How was control of the area in Southeast Asia by Japan different than European
control?
It was different because people from southeast Asia were put in power positions for the
nation.

7.After WWII, Southeast Asia gained their independence differently. Briefly explain
this statement with examples.
Some got their independence peacefully while others needed to fight for it. Indonesia
needed to fight to get its independence from the Dutch.
An Uneven Economy
1. Southeast Asia has a traditional economy. Explain that statement with specific
examples to back it up.
They depend on agriculture for their main income. Rice is heavily depended on by most of
southeastern Asian cultures.
2.What is ASEAN? How has it helped to create a region within a region?
The Association of Southeastern Asian Nations which promotes economic growth and
peace in a region.
A Rich Mosaic of Culture
1. How is this area a mosaic of religions? Identify the different religions and where they
are practiced.
There are many religions in this area. Buddhism is widespread, in the philippines its mostly
catholic. Indonesia and Brunei are mostly muslim.
2.Are there more rural or urban communities in this area?
More rural communities because they rely more on farming for their income.
3.Interpret the picture of page 709. What does this scene show about diversity in
Malaysia?
There are poor and their are rich in Malaysia. Different traditions can be seen, some
women are covered and others dress more loosely.
OCEANIA [P. 711-715]
1. Identify these terms and explain their importance in the region:
a. Micronesia - Tiny islands
b.Melanesia - Black islands
c. Polynesia - Many islands
d.Subsistence activities - Activities in which a family produces only the food, clothing, and
shelter the need.
e.Copra - Dried meat of coconuts
f.Taro - A plant with a starchy root, can be boiled, made into bread, puddings, or past
2.What type of migration is happening within Oceania today?

Many people from western cultures are going over to take advantage of the unexplored
areas.
3.How did contact with Europeans and Americans affect the societies of the Pacific
Islands?
Settlers started plantations, many islanders died from diseases brought over by
Europeans.
4.What is distinctive about Oceania in terms of its languages?
Around 1,100 of the world's languages are spoken in this one area.
5.How has modern technology both helped and harmed Oceania?
It has created a gap between the rich and poor just like in Brazils economy. Its also
helping them because it unifies countries and connects them to the rest of the world.
AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALIND & ANTARCTICA [P.717-723]
1. What prevents Australia from benefiting completely from its mining industry?
Gold was discovered and people flocked to Australia. Very few were successful in finding
gold.
2.What historic actions demonstrated New Zealanders concern for equal rights and social
welfare?
In 1893 they were the first nation to allow women to vote. Also it was one of the first to
provide pensions to senior citizens.
3.What is the major activity conducted in Antarctica?
Scientific research centers are stationed there.