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1.
1690 Acta Eruditorum Jakob
Bernoulli (1654-1705) : :

.
.
(1564-1642)
.
.
Joachim Jungious (1587-1657)
1669 .

Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) 1646


.
1690/91
, .
.
1691 Acta Eruditorum
Christiaan Huygens, Gottfried Wilhelm
Leibniz (1646-1716) Johann Bernoulli (1667-1748) -
Jakob Bernoulli .
,
, (catenary
, catena -
- )
:
    
,
2
.
   
  1
,

.
Huygens
catenaria Leibniz
18 1690. , Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826),
,
catenary
Thomas Paine 23 1788
.

. Gateway
Arch St. Louis .
Eero
Saarinen (1910-1961),
1965
, 192
(630 ) ,

.
, 192
17.246 .

Taq-i Kisra,
().

,
,
6 ..
35
. Taq-i Kisra
,

( ).
, , 30
(24)x(48).

-K Antoni Gaudi (18541926).
Sagrada Familia .
2. ,


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Vincenzo Riccati (1707-1775).
Riccati Chx Shx
.
. coshx
(cosinus hyperbolicus: ) sinhx (sinus
hyperbolicus: ) .
( x x cosx
sinx, ).
   

coshx
,-./
sinhx (.. 01,/, ..),
.
coshx sinhx
2 ,


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3.

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coshx sinhx.

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cosh6(%7  !"#$%
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cosh62%7  !"#$ %  #&'$ %
2 #&'$ %  cosh62%7 ( 1
2 !"#$ %  cosh62%7  1
6!"#$%  #&'$%7S  cosh6=%7  sinh6=%7
:


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e

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c%  ( 1 V%.
(U
4
]
%  !"#$h, V%  #&'$h dt
!"#$ h ( #&'$ h  1,
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f
f
cosh62h7 ( 1

U #&'$h #&'$h Vh  U #&'$ h Vh  U
Vh
2
j
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j

sinh62h7 h lmf sinh 62@7 @
G
( klmj 
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sinh 62@7
sinh 62@7 @
@
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1
B6% 7  c1  6B6%77 .

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1
B6%7  c1  6B6%77

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B 607  
B607  0
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1
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1
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c1  636%77
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1
U
V%  U V%

c1  636%77
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%
#&'$] s36%7t   W] .

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%
#&'$] s36%7t 

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%
3 6% 7  #&'$ C D.

, 3 6% 7  B6%7, ,
%
B6%7  #&'$ C D

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%
B6% 7   !"#$ C D  W .


, B607   cosh607  1, W  0 ,
B6% 7   !"#$ C D.


...

) B6% 7   !"#$ C D,
(y % y, Xz c1  6B6%77 V%. ,
z

z
z
%
U c1  6B6%77 V%  2 U 1  #&'$ C D V% .

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j


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z
z
%
%
% mz
U 1  #&'$ C D V%  U !"#$ C D V%  #&'$ C D


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...:

9.
1. ., .. (2009). . :

2. ., .. (2009).
. :

3.
.
(2008).

. : ,

4. Maor E. (1994). e: The Story of a Number. New Jersey: Princeton
University Press
5. Spivak M. (1991).
(). :
6. Swetz F., Fauvel J., Bekken O., Johansson B., Katz V. (1995). Learn
from the Masters. Washington: The American Association of
America
7. Thomas G.B., Finney R.L. (2001). ,
(). :

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