Glass Powder As A Pozzolan

THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF GLASS
POWDER ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

OF CONCRETE CURED IN CRUDE OIL
Presented
By
Name:
ABIODUN AREMU OLIYIDE
Matric No. 134183
Dept.:
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN
Supervisor: DR. K.K. ADEWOLE
OUTLINE
Introduction
Problem
Aim
Definition
and Objectives
Materials
Results
and Methods
and Discussions
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
INTRODUCTION
Ukoli in 2001, noted that the Niger Delta
region of Nigeria has been mired by various
degrees of health and environmental pollution
problems.
Recent research has shown that concrete
deterioration and cracking is more severe in
these oil polluted environment and this has led
to several
investigation on the causes of
concrete deterioration in these environment
(Ejeh et al, 2009).
PROBLEM DEFINITION
Ajagbe
et al (2012), established that there
is an obvious reduction in strength of

concrete that was made from crude oil
contaminated sand
Ramzi
et al, 2000 established that the rate
of crude oil absorption by concrete is high at

early age and this reduces the compressive
PROBLEM DEFINATION
Odufuwa
(2010), noted that the strength of

concrete made from crude oil imparted sand can
be improved by reducing the water cement ratio
NOTE:
Not much work has been done on how to
improve the compressive strength of concrete
cast with uncontaminated sand, but cured in a
crude oil medium
This
project looks into the use of waste glass

powder (pozzolan) to improve the strength
CURING OF CONCRETE IN CRUDE MEDIUM

MODELS A TYPICAL SITUATON IN THE NIGER
DELTA
An Oil Spill Site in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Source: www.guardian .com
AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study is to improve the
compressive strength of concrete cured in crude
oil with glass powder
The Objectives of the study
To
monitor the strength of concrete when it is

cured in crude oil medium
To
determine the pozzolanic activity of glass

powder
To
improve the compressive strength of concrete

using waste glass powder
TESTS CARRIED OUT

Modified Chapelles Test
This was used in determining the pozzolanic
activity of glass powder. The test is defined based
on the amount of Calcium oxide (or calcium
hydroxide) consumed by a specific amount of the
specimen.
Compression Test
Compression Test is most widely used to measure
the compressive strength of concrete. This was
done as specified in the test method (BS EN
12390-2:2000).
MATERIALS USED
Ordinary Portland cement
(Grade 42.5R)
Glass Powder
Crude oil Medium

(Bonny Light)
Other Materials Include: Fine aggregates, Coarse aggregate and

Water
METHODS
The
materials were weighed out in accordance

to the mix proportion of 1:1.14:2.66 as
calculated for characteristic strength of
40N/mm2 in the mix design (w/c was
maintained at 0.35)
The
specimens were differentiated with respect

to percentage of the added recycled glass
powder of 0, 10 and 20%
The
cubes were cured in crude oil medium and

water was used for the control experiment
METHODS
A mechanical mixer was used in mixing the
materials together(sand, gravel, cement,
glass and water)
After
mixing, the slump test for each batch

was taken
The
Mould was filled in three layers with 25

blows given to each layers successively
The
concrete was then left undisturbed for

24hrs before de-moulding
METHODS
Mechanical Mixer During

Mixing
Slump Test
METHODS
Concrete levelled out in

mould
Compression Testing
Machine
RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Modified
Chappelles Test
Sieve
size m
Average
Amount of Ca(OH)2
titre value consumed by 1g of glass

powder
150
4.03
1203.99
300
4.43
1090.98
According to the French standard

(NF P 18513 Annexe A, 2010)
The minimum amount of Ca(OH)2
to be consumed by the glass
powder for it to be considered a
pozzolan is 660mg/g and the
result gave values of 1203.99
and 1090.98mg for 150m and
300m respectively
RESULTS & DISCUSSION

SLUMP TEST
% of glass powder
Slump test
0%
result
30mm
10 %
26mm
20 %
17mm
The
slump test
result shows that
the workability of
the cement
decreases with
increase in the
percentage of glass
powder in the mix.

The decrease in strength
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST
Concr
ete
Age
Compressive Strength (N/mm2)
0%
Water
0% Oil
10%
Water
23.11
14.96
22.96
21.48
18.81
18.52
Day 14 26.81
17.78
23.26
22.37
21.19
20.89
Day 28 31.41
20.44
25.33
25.33
22.52
22.81
Day 7
10%
Oil
20%
Water
20%
Oil
is due to the absorption

of crude oil into the
microstructure of the
matrix of concrete which
may
have
caused
dilation of the gel and
weakening
of
the
cohesive forces in the
paste thus, resulting to a
low
strength
development (Ejeh and

Compressive Test Results
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0% Water
0% Oil
10% Water
Day 7
10% Oil
Day 14
Day 28
20% Water
20% Oil
The decreased in the

compressive
strength
may also be attributed
to the weakening in the
bond strength between
cement
paste
and
aggregate and concrete
matrix during curing
process. (Francis et al.,
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the research work done, the following
conclusions can be reached.
The
28 day compressive strength of concrete

cured in crude Oil was reduced by 35% when
compared to concrete cured in water
There
was increase in the strength of concrete

cured in crude oil when glass powder was
added
Glass
powder is pozzolanic
RECOMMENDATIONS
Durability
test should be conducted to verify

the permeability of the concrete cured in
crude oil.
Curing
can be done for a longer duration to

study the long term effect of the crude and
glass powder on the concrete samples.
THANK YOU
REFERENCES
Ajagbe,
W.O., Agbede, O.A. and Dahunsi, B.I.O. (2012)

Effect of crude oil impacted sand on the properties of
concrete Procs 4th West Africa Built Environment Research
(WABER) Conference, 24-26 July 2012, Abuja, Nigeria, 177189.
Odufuwa,
O.O. (2011). Improving the compressive strength

of crude oil impacted Sand concrete, Unpublished B.sc
thesis: Civil Engineering Department. University of Ibadan,
Ibadan.
Ramzi
B.Abdul, et al (2000). Compressive and tensile

strength of concrete loaded and soaked in crude oil.
Engineering journal of the University of Qatar, vol.13, 2000
Ukoli,
M.K., 2001. Environmental Factors in the

management of the Oil and Gas Industry in Nigeria posted
in web. (http://www.warmafloor.co.uk).

Glass Powder As A Pozzolan

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Glass Powder As A Pozzolan

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THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF GLASS

POWDER ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

(Ejeh et al, 2009).

et al (2012), established that there

is an obvious reduction in strength of

et al, 2000 established that the rate

of crude oil absorption by concrete is high at

(2010), noted that the strength of

project looks into the use of waste glass

CURING OF CONCRETE IN CRUDE MEDIUM

An Oil Spill Site in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

monitor the strength of concrete when it is

determine the pozzolanic activity of glass

improve the compressive strength of concrete

TESTS CARRIED OUT

Crude oil Medium

Other Materials Include: Fine aggregates, Coarse aggregate and

materials were weighed out in accordance

specimens were differentiated with respect

cubes were cured in crude oil medium and

mixing, the slump test for each batch

Mould was filled in three layers with 25

concrete was then left undisturbed for

Mechanical Mixer During

Concrete levelled out in

RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS

titre value consumed by 1g of glass

According to the French standard

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

Compressive Strength (N/mm2)

is due to the absorption

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

The decreased in the

28 day compressive strength of concrete

was increase in the strength of concrete

test should be conducted to verify

can be done for a longer duration to

W.O., Agbede, O.A. and Dahunsi, B.I.O. (2012)

O.O. (2011). Improving the compressive strength

B.Abdul, et al (2000). Compressive and tensile

M.K., 2001. Environmental Factors in the

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