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In the first task of this CAE, a symmetric model of a tank and a connected pipe is
analyses. The second part of the report deals with four simple geometries. The main
theme of these analyses is applying the correct load and finding and evaluating the
reaction force.
2 Part one
A symmetric model was analysed. Four different approaches were used to model
the loading and boundary conditions. Physical/mechanical constants and applied
pressure are common between all four models and are as follows.
Young modulus of elasticity (E) :
200 GPa
Poisson ratio ()
0.3
Pressure
:
:
1.6 MPa
402.1 kN
12.444 kN
Element type
SHELL181
30 mm
63.5 mm
Figure 4 Deformation
Deformab
le
Rigid
Deformab
le
Rigid
As expected the value of reaction forces under rigid remote force is higher than
deformable. That is because rigid force does not update itself with the deformed
shape.
It could be seen that the results are close to the first section (Remote force)
provided that the deformable option is chosen.
Nodal orientation of all nodes on the sections A and B were converted to the local
cylindrical coordinates. The nodal triads are shown for nodes on the section A below.
Nodal rotation and nodal displacement constraints were later applied on these
oriented nodes.
For the application of nozzle loads, the extreme nodes (on the symmetry plane) and
interior nodes were dealt differently. Whereas a full load was applied on the interior
nodes, just a half-load was applied on the extreme nodes (due to the fact that these
extreme nodes are common between two symmetric halves and therefore just half
the load should be applied on each symmetric half). To do this at first a full load was
applied on all section nodes, then a half load in opposite direction was applied on
the extreme nodes.
Figure 10 Nozzle load on the pipe opening applied as the superposition of the shown loads
The total deformation is shown below. It is quite clear that the model is not correct.
While he tangential displacement in the section A (y direction in the local
coordinate) is set to zero seemingly the model ended up with a y constrained in the
global coordinate. Moreover all rotation in the section A is set to zero but from
deformation it is obvious that the section A is rotating!
3 Part 2
A pressure of 10 Pa was applied on different surfaces and the reaction force was
retrieved from Ansys. These reaction forces then were compared to the analytical
calculations. SHELL181 was used as the element type for all these surfaces. The
plate thickness for all geometries were considered to be 1 mm.
It is clear that the applied force on the shell equals pressure by projected area which
lead to 10 N.
Again as expected the reaction force equals projected are multiplied by pressure:
3.3 cylinder
It is quite clear that load has two equal element in x and y direction. The projected
area in both x and y direction equals
rL