Questions for Chapter 1: Ecuador energy situation

What is the percentage (%) of Hydropower and Thermal power used

in Ecuador in 2006, 2011 and 2021 (projection)?
2006
Hydropower 46%
Thermal power 36%
2011
Hydropower 58%
Thermal power 34%
2021
Hydropower 93.53%
Thermal power 4.86
What energy sources are used in Ecuador in Thermoelectric power
generation?
Oil, Fossil Fuel and gas
What is the meaning of CELEC EP?
Electricity Corporation of Ecuador
Corporacin elctrica del Ecuador
What was the total electric energy consumption (GWh) in Ecuador
in 2012?
19600 GWh
Name 5 hydroelectric centrals FULLY OPERATIONAL today in
Ecuador with more than 100 MW of installed power.

Paute 1100MW
San Francisco 216MW
Daule Peripa 213 MW
Mazar 163 MW
Agoyn 156 MW

Name 5 important hydroelectric centrals that will be completed in

the future.

Coca Codo Sinclair

Sopladora
Toachi-Pilatn
Manduriacu
Quijos

What is the total installed electric generation capacity (MW) of

Ecuador today? Approximately.
5523.3 MW
What renewable energy sources are being used today in Ecuador?
Wind
Solar
Hydropower
Biomass
Name 3 reasons why the energy consumption of Ecuador increases
every year
Electric transport.
Cement and steel industry
Mining projects
Interconnection and Ecuadorian oil supply to electrical system through OGE
Project
Energy efficiency projects
Supply to the Pacific Refinery
Knowledge city (Yachay)

What percentage (%) of electric power is used for residential,

industrial and commercial purposes?

Residential 35%
Industrial 31%
Commercial 20%

(#) Name 2 differences in power consumption between the coastal

region and the highlands.
Coastal region
the highlands
Air conditioning
water heating
In the highlands need less energy for cooking than in the coastal region
Why is electric voltage raised to 230 kV at power plants?
The copper losses are defined by

I2 R

so the electric voltage is raised to

decrease the current reducing the losses in the transmission.

Why is the transmission voltage lowered in several steps instead of
just one?
Because if the transmission voltage is lowered in just one, the transformers
that we are going to use, have to be bigger and involve more money than
do it in several steps.
(#) Where in Ecuador are wind turbines being used today?
(Significant use, not experimental)
Loja
Azuay
Pichincha
Approximately how many MW of power are the government and
private industry planning to generate with solar power?
878.45 MW